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2022-2023學(xué)年陜西省西安市大聯(lián)考高二(下)期末英語(yǔ)試卷

一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題,共30.0分)

A

閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearcherssaidpuzzles

helpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.

PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrenattheUniversityof

Chicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelopbetterspatial

skills.Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognition(認(rèn)知)aftercontrollingfor

differencesinparents1income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.

Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivitiesathomeand

foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetterspatialskillswhen

assessedat54monthsofage.

"Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthatassessed

theirabilitytorotate(旋轉(zhuǎn))andtranslateshapes,"Levinesaidinastatement.

Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabouthalfofthe

childreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher-incomeparentstendedtohavechildrenplay

withpuzzlesmorefrequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshadbetterspatial

skills.However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,andtheparentsofboys

providedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythantheparentsofgirls.

ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.

1.Inwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfrompuzzleplay?

A.Buildingconfidence.B.Developingspatialskills.

C.Learningself-control.D.Gaininghigh-techknowledge.

2.WhatdidLevinetakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningherexperiment?

A.Parents1age.B.Children'simagination.

C.Parents*education.D.Child-parentrelationship.

3.Howdoboysdifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?

A.Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.

B.Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.

C.Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.

D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.

B

NooneissurehowtheancientEgyptiansbuiltthepyramidsnearCairo.Butanewstudysuggeststheyused

alittlerock'n'roll.Long-agobuilderscouldhaveattachedwoodenpolestothestonesandrolledthem

acrossthesand,thescientistssay.

*'Technically,Ithinkwhatthey'reproposingispossible,"physicistDanielBonnsaid.

PeoplehavelongpuzzledoverhowtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.Andthere'snoobvious

answer.Onaverage,eachofthetwomillionbigstonesweighedaboutasmuchasalargepickuptruck.The

Egyptianssomehowmovedthestoneblockstothepyramidsitefromaboutonekilometeraway.

ThemostpopularviewisthatEgyptianworkersslidtheblocksalongsmoothpaths.Manyscientists

suspectworkersfirstwouldhaveputtheblocksonsleds(滑板).Thentheywouldhavedraggedthem

alongpaths.Tomaketheworkeasier,workersmayhavelubricatedthepathseitherwithwetclayorwith

thefatfromcattle.Bonnhasnowtestedthisideabybuildingsmallsledsanddraggingheavyobjectsover

sand.

Evidencefromthesandsupportsthisidea.Researchersfoundsmallamountsoffat,aswellasalarge

amountofstoneandtheremainsofpaths.

However,physicistJosephWestthinkstheremighthavebeenasimplerway,wholedthenewstudy.West

said,"Iwasinspiredwhilewatchingatelevisionprogramshowinghowsledsmighthavehelpedwith

pyramidconstruction.!thought,*Whydon*ttheyjusttryrollingthethings?'"Asquarecouldbeturnedinto

aroughsortofwheelbyattachingwoodenpolestoitssides,herealized.That,henotes,shouldmakea

blockofstone"aloteasiertorollthanasquare".

Sohetriedit.

Heandhisstudentstiedsomepolestoeachoffoursidesofa30-kilogramstoneblock.Thatactionturned

theblockintosomewhatawheel.Thentheyplacedtheblockontheground.

TheywrappedoneendofaropearoundtheblockandpulIed.Theresearchersfoundtheycouldeasilyroll

theblockalongdifferentkindsofpaths.Theycalculatedthatrollingtheblockrequiredaboutasmuchforce

asmovingitalongaslippery(滑的)path.

Westhasn'ttestedhisideaonlargerblocks,buthethinksrollinghasclearadvantagesoversliding.Atleast,

workerswouldn'thaveneededtocarrycattlefatorwatertosmooththepaths.

4.Ifswidelybelievedthatthestoneblocksweremovedtothepyramidsiteby.

A.rollingthemonroadsB.pushingthemoverthesand

C.slidingthemonsmoothpathsD.draggingthemonsomepoles

5.Theunderlinedpart"lubricatedthepathsuinParagraph4means.

A.madethepathswetB.madethepathshard

C.madethepathswideD.madethepathsslippery

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedworduit"inParagraph7referto?

A.Rollingtheblockswithpolesattached.

B.Rollingtheblocksonwoodenwheels.

C.Rollingpolestomovetheblocks.

D.Rollingtheblockswithfat.

7.WhyisrollingbetterthanslidingaccordingtoWest?

A.Becausemoreforceisneededforsliding.

B.Becauserollingworkcanbedonebyfewercattle.

C.Becauseslidingonsmoothroadsismoredangerous.

D.Becauselesspreparationonpathsisneededforrolling.

c

"It'sraining.Ifspouring.Theoldmanissnoring(打鼾).Hebumpedhisheadwhenhewenttobed,and

hecouldn'tgetupinthemorning."Whycouldn'ttheoldmaninthechildren'ssonggetup?(Let'skindly

supposethathejustdidn'twanttogetup)Thiswaspossiblybecauseintheabsenceofsunlight,thebody

wasstillproducingthehormone(激素)melatonin(褪黑素),whichmakespeoplesleepy.

Therearemanywaysthatrainfallaffectshumanbehavior.Buthowmuchdoesrainreallyaffectpeople's

moodsandbehavior?

In2008,researchersfromtheUniversityofMinnesotaandLanzhouUniversitypublishedapaper.They

proposedthatdecreasedrainfallwasinfluentialinsocialupheaval(社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩)andthedownfallofthe

Tang,YuanandMingdynastiesinancientChina.Thisisthoughttoberelatedtoreducedricecultivation.

Buthowmightrainaffectsocialbehaviorinthemodernworld?A2009NewYorkTimesinvestigation

foundthatmurderratesinNewYorkdropsignificantlyonrainydays.Meanwhile,inBritain,DrPeter

LangmeadJonesofGreaterManchesterpolicepublishedastudyin2015detailingananalysisof6.6

millionpolicerecordsoveronedecadeinManchester."Theresearchshowedthattheheaviertherainfall,

thelowertherecordedcrime,"hesaid.

LangmeadJonesalsofoundthatthereisastrongassociationbetweenheavyrainandrelativelyfewviolent

crimesrecordedincludingdomesticabuse(家庭暴力).Thismightbebecauseheavyrainstopspeople

fromgoingouttobuyalcoholandthereducedalcoholconsumptionresultsinfewercrimes.

It'snotallgoodnewsthough.Onestudyin1997concludedthatthebehaviorofchildrencanpredict

oncomingstorms——theywereobservedtoexhibittheirworstbehaviorwhenbarometric(氣壓的)

pressurefell.Anotherstudyin2012foundthatwomenaremuchmorelikelytobeaffectedpsychologically

byrainandthattheyreportmuchlowerlevelsoflifesatisfactionthanmenonrainydays.

Forallthecomplaintsaboutrain,itdoeshavesomecharacteristicsthatholdbroadappeal.Thesoundof

raindropscanbeverycomfortingandoftenfeaturesinsleep-inducingrelaxationapps.Thetheorybehind

thisisthatthepitter-patterofraindropsisaformof"pinknoise".Itcandecreasebrainactivityand

consequentlyimprovesthequalityofsleep.Soifit'srainingwhereyouare,thebestthingtodomaybeto

haveanap.

8.Theauthorusesthelyricsofasonginthefirstparagraphto.

A.introducetheinterestingsongtoreaders

B.voicehisunderstandingofwhytheoldmancouldn'tgetuinthemoming

C.illustrateonewaythatwetweatherinfluenceshumanbehavior

D.explainwhypeopleoftengetuplateonrainydays

9.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraph?

A.Success.B.Prosperity.C.Failure.D.Development.

10.AccordingtoDrPeterLangmeadJones,relativelyfewcrimesarerecordedonrainydays

because.

A.peopleprefertotakeanapathomewhenit'sraining

B.mostpeoplearedepressedonrainydays

C.peoplearetoolazytogooutwhenit'sraining

D.alcoholconsumptionisreducedduetowetweather

11.Accordingtothearticle,theinfluencesthatrainydayshaveonhumanbehaviorinclude

?decreasedgrainoutput

?relativelyfewcriminalrecords

③higherchanceoffeelinglowinspirits

?morepossibilityoffeelingsleepy

A.①②③B.①②④C.???D.②③④

D

MymotherandsisterhadgonethroughGrandma'sbelongingsafterhermemorialserviceanddecidedon

thesewingmachineforme.Iwasn'tsureifIwastherightpersonforit,though.Ihadn'tsewnsincetaking

aclassinhighschool.Thiswouldtakesomeexperimenting.

Iopenedthebuilt-indrawertofindGrandma'soldpiecesofthread.Iheldhertomato-shapedpincushion

(針墊)andthoughtofallthememorieswrappedupinthismachine.Grandmahadbecomeatailoress

(女裁縫)outofnecessity.Withfoursmallchildrentoclothe,she*dquicklylearnedhowtosewalmost

everythingtheyneeded.Forover30years,Grandmakeptupwithhersewing.ShemadematchingEaster

dressesformysisterandmeandcostumesforourschoolfestivals.Shewasalwaysinsearchofanew

project,whetheritwasteachingourneighborsorsewingdressesforthehomeless.Butforthelastseveral

yearsofherlife,dementia(癡呆)hadleftashyandsilentwomaninplaceofthestrong,opinionated,

lovinggrandmotherI'dknown.

TohonorGrandma'smemory,Iwantedaprojecttohelppeoplethewayshehad.Withthestay-at-home

orderinplacebecauseofCOVID-19,Icertainlyhadthetime.SoIdugoutGrandma'smachinetosew

masks,andreaduponhowtosew.Iturnedonmycomputertoresearchhowtogetthemachinegoing

again.Afterhoursofdiggingthrougholdblack-and-whitehandbooksandsewinglessonsonline,I

operatedthemachineonemoretime.Iheldmybreathandpresseddownonthepedal.Hurrah!Itworked!In

notime,myfingerswereflying,steadilymovingmaterialundertheverycooperativeneedle.WhenI

sewedenoughmasksformyfamily,Ikeptgoing.Ideliverednearly500maskstoahard-hithospitalinthe

area.Quiteabigjobforanoldsewingmachine.

Astaffmembermetmeoutsidetoreceivethedonation."Thankyou,"shesaid,notknowingthatany

thanksformyeffortsbelongedtoGrandma,whoprovidedtheinspiration.

12.Whydidtheauthordoubtherselfaboutacceptingthesewingmachine?

A.Shewasnotfondofit.

B.Shedidn'tusuallysewmuch.

C.Shehadnointerestinsewing.

D.Shehopedtodonateittocharities.

13.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor'sgrandma?

A.Shedreamtofbeingatailor.B.Shekeptsewingasahobby.

C.Shewasreadytohelpothers.D.Shehadalwaysbeenoptimistic.

14.Theunderlinedpartnreadupon"inparagraph3canbeunderstoodas.

A.studiedalotaboutB.thoughtofslowly

C.noticedorobservedD.lostone'sheartto

15.Howwouldyoudescribetheauthor'ssuccesswiththesewingmachine?

A.Itwasalongtiringprocessforher.

B.Itmeantovercomingmanydifficulties.

C.Itbenefitedfromhermotherandsister.

D.Itjusttookherafewhourstooperateitskillfully.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題,共10.0分)

Whenitcomestogettingagoodnightssleep,varioushabitsthatweengageinbeforebedtimecanhavea

significantimpactonboththequalityaswellasthequantityofyourrest.(1)

?MakeyourTo-Dolistfortomonow

Trymakingalistoftasksyouwanttotacklethenextday,especiallyifyoufindthatworryingoftenkeeps

youawake.Writingato-dolistcannotonlyhelpyoubemoreproductivethenextdaybutcanhelp

establishpeaceofmindforyoutosleepbetter.(2).

?Practicegratitudejournaling

(3).Makingexpressinggratitudeapartofyourroutinecanhelpyouleadahealthyandhappy

life.Themoreyoumakeanefforttonoticethethingsthatyoufeelthankfulfor,themoreyouprepare

yourselftojustnaturallyfeelgratefulinsteadofhavingtoworkatit.

?(4)______

Thiswilltakenomorethan5minutesadaybutcanhaveatremendouseffectonyourpersonal

development.Thishelpsyouappreciateyourachievementsandshapeabettertomorrow.Startby

acknowledgingoneortwothingsyouwishhadgonebetter,andendyourreflectionbythinkingofatew

winsyouhad.

Thefirstfewnights,itwillbeabitdifficultforyoutosticktoyourroutinebutstaydetermined.(5)

EverybodyhasadifferentroutineandhereFveonlyincludedpracticesthatIthinkyoushould

mostdefinitelyincludeinyours.

A.Dosomereading

B.Reflectonyourday

C.Writedownatleast3thingsyou'rethankfulforeachday.

D.Ifyou'redisciplined,youwillgetontrackwithyourroutine.

E.Agoodnight'ssleepisanessentialconditionforaproductiveday.

F.Thefollowingaresomeofthebesteveninghabitsbeforegoingtobed.

G.Thenextdayallyou*vetodoismakesomeessentialchangestoitandgettowork!

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共20小題,共30.0分)

Withinaminute'swalkofmyhousetherewasawildstretchofunspoiledwoodland,wheretherewere

blackberryplants,squirrelsandtheiryoung.I(1)walkedinthisparkwithRex--afriendly,

harmlesslittledog;and(2)werarelymetanyoneinthepark,ItookRexalongwithoutaleash

(狗繩).

Onedaywemetamountedpolicemaninthepark,apolicemaneagertoshowhis(3).

"Whatdoyoumeanbylettingthatdogrun(4)intheparkwithoutaleashandamuzzle(口

套)?"heshoutedatmeangrily."Don'tyouknowit'sagainstthelaw?”

"Yes,Iknowitis,"Irepliedsoftly,"butIdidn'tthinkhewoulddoany(5)outhere.

"Youdidn'tthink!Youdidn'tthink!Thelawdoesn'tknowaboutwhatyouthink.Thatdog(6)kill

asquirrelorbiteachild.Now,Vmgoingto(7)thistime;butifIcatchthisdogouthereagain

withoutaleash,you'Hhavetotellittothe(8)

Ihumbly(9)toobey.

AndIdidobey-forafewtimes.ButRexdidn'tlikethemuzzle,andneitherdidI;sowedecidedtotake

a(10).Everythingwaslovelyforawhile,andthenwegotinto(11).RexandIraced

overthehilloneafternoonandthere,suddenly-tomy(12)--1sawthemajestyofthelaw,

ridingonahorse.Rexwasoutinafront,headingstraightfortheofficer.

Iwasinforit.Iknewit.SoIdidn't(13)untilthepolicemanstartedtalking,Ibeathimtoit.Isaid:

nOfficer,you'vecaughtme(14).I'mguilty.Ihavenoalibis,noexcuses.You(15)

melastweekthatifIbroughtthedogouthereagainwithoutamuzzleyouwouldfineme.',

"Well,now,'*thepolicemanrespondedinasofttone,"Iknowit'sa(16)toletalittledog

likethathavearunoutherewhennobodyisaround."

"Sureitis,"Ireplied,"(17)itisagainstthelaw."

“Well,alittledoglikethatisn'tgoingtoharmanybody,"thepolicemanprotested.

"No,buthemaykill(18),°Isaid.

"Wellnow,Ithinkyouaretakingthisabittooseriously,"hetoldme.

nriltellyouwhatyoudo.YoujustlethimrunoverthehilltherewhereIcan'tseehim--andwellforget

allaboutit.u

Thatpoliceman,beinghuman,wantedafeelingof(19);sowhenIbegantocondemnmyself,

theonlywayhecouldnourishhisself-esteemwastotakethekindandgenerousattitudeshowing(20)

21.A.seldomB.sometimesC.frequentlyD.never

22.A.whenB.sinceC.ifD.while

23.A.authorityB.forceC.magicD.dignity

24.A.looseB.freelyC.wildlyD.quickly

25.A.wrongB.damageC.goodD.harm

26.A.canB.mightC.willD.must

27.A.giveyouupB.letyouoffC.giveintoyouD.putupwithyou

28.A.ownerB.policemanC.judgeD.children

29.A.listenedB.promisedC.agreedD.kept

30.A.changeB.chanceC.chargeD.cheat

31.A.trapB.difficultyC.troubleD.shape

32.A.disappointmentB.surpriseC.joyD.regret

33.A.waitB.moveC.sayD.walk

34.A.onthesceneB.blue-bloodedC.inspotD.red-handed

35.A.warnedB.toldC.informedD.taught

36.A.appealB.temptationC.urgeD.crime

37.A.andB.soC.butD.because

38.A.blackberryB.birdsC.childrenD.squirrels

39.A.importanceB.achievementC.happinessD.respect

40.A.sympathyB.regretC.mercyD.optimism

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題,共15.0分)

41.Manykindsofmusiccanstirtheimaginationandproducestrongfeeling.Forsomepeople,

romanticcomposerssuchasChopinincrease(1)(feel)ofloveandsympathy.Religious

andspiritualmusiccanhelpsomepeoplefeelpeace.(2)onemusicianseemstohavea

uniqueabilityofhealingthehumanbody一WolfgangAmadeusMozart.Scientists(3)

(find)Mozart'smusictoberemarkableinitsability(4)(calm)itslisteners.ltcanalso

helpthemexpressthemselvesmoreclearly.

ManyamazingcaseshavebeendocumentedusingMozartasahealingaid.Forexample,atinybaby

(5)(name)Kissy,whoweighedjust1.5poundsatbirth,wasontotallife

support.Doctorsthoughtshehadlittlechanceofsurvival.Hermotherinsisted(6)playing

MozartforKissy,andthoughtitsavedherdaughter'slife.Kissylived,butshewasverysmallforher

ageand(7)(slow)thantheaveragechild.Attheageoffour,sheshowed(8)

interestinmusicandherparentsgaveherviolinlessons.

Totheir(9)(astonish),Kissywasabletoplaymusicalpiecesfrommemorythatwere

farbeyondtheabilityofanaveragefour-year-old.(10)(play)musichelpedherimprove

inallareasofherlife.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改錯(cuò)(本大題共1小題,共10.0分)

42.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作業(yè),請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共

有-10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)S),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。

刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。

注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

WhenIwasonmywaytoschoolonlastSaturdayafternoon,!sawamotherandhersonpreparinggo

acrossthestreet.Amotherwasgoingtoruntheredlightwhilehersonpreventedher.Themotherfelt

embarrassedandstops.Withmoreandmorecarscomingintoourfamilies,ithadgreatlyimprovedour

lives.Butunlucky,ithasalsobroughtmanyproblems,suchasheavytrafficandtrafficaccident.Traffic

safetyiseverybody'sbusinessandwemustobeytherulesandwecantellourparentsnottodrink

beforewedrive,nottorunredlights,nottotalkandlaughwhiledriveetc.

六、書(shū)面表達(dá)(本大題共1小題,共25.0分)

43.假定你是李華,從報(bào)紙上得知一個(gè)國(guó)際中學(xué)生組織將到武漢參觀,政府部門(mén)需要招募英

語(yǔ)流利的志愿者。請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一封郵件申請(qǐng)參加,內(nèi)容包括:

(1)自我介紹(包括英語(yǔ)能力);

(2)參加意圖(介紹武漢及湖北其他城市、了解其他國(guó)家);

(3)希望獲準(zhǔn)。

注意:

(4)詞數(shù)80左右;

(5)開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)

DearDearSirorMadam,

Yours,LiHua

答案和解析

1?3.【答案】B、C、D

【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中…foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and

4developbetterspatialskill(在2歲到4歲之間玩智力游戲的兒童在空間能力方面更好)可知,孩

子們可以從智力游戲中培養(yǎng)更好的空間技能。故選B。

(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Puzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofcognitionafter

controllingfordifferenceinparents'income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levinesaid.(Levine

說(shuō),在父母的收入、教育和父母談話次數(shù)方面控制差異性之后,拼圖游戲被發(fā)現(xiàn)是一個(gè)重要的認(rèn)

知預(yù)測(cè))可知Levine在設(shè)計(jì)這個(gè)試驗(yàn)時(shí)考慮了父母的教育程度。故選C。

(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthan

girls,(男孩比女孩更喜歡玩復(fù)雜的謎題)可知。他們可能會(huì)玩難度更大的謎題。

A.Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.他們更經(jīng)常玩拼圖;B.Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.他們

傾向于在比賽中少說(shuō)話;C.Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.他們喜歡使用更多的空間語(yǔ)言;

D.Theyarehkelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.他們可能會(huì)玩更難的謎題。故選D。

本文是說(shuō)明文。是關(guān)于孩子們玩智力游戲的研究,介紹了研究考慮的因素,研究過(guò)程和結(jié)果。

一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力,考生必須在

十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時(shí)空、順

序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn),并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干,帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。

首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類(lèi)型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案:而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)

文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類(lèi)題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。

其次,了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息,然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀,對(duì)有關(guān)信息

進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性,提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中,有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái),閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系,

研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖

掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,

indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,

掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)“順藤摸瓜”,通過(guò)構(gòu)詞,語(yǔ)法,定義,同位,對(duì)比,因

果,常識(shí),上下文等線索確定詞義。

4?7.【答案】C、D、A、D

【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的ThemostpopularviewisthatEgyptianworkersslidthe

blocksalongsmoo由paths.(最受歡迎的觀點(diǎn)是,埃及工人沿著光滑的道路滑動(dòng)石塊。)可知,這

些石塊是由在平坦的道路上滑行運(yùn)到金字塔遺址的。故選Co

(2)詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中的Tomaketheworkeasier,以及下文的eitherwithwetclayorwith

thefatfromcattle.(要么用濕粘土,要么用牛的脂肪。)可知,這樣做是為了讓路更加平滑。結(jié)合

選項(xiàng):A.madethepathwet把路弄濕了;B.madethepathhard使道路變得艱難;C.made

thepathwide把路弄寬了;D.madethepathslippery使路滑了。故選D。

(3)代詞指代題。這是考查指代詞的指代內(nèi)容,由于是指代詞,可知內(nèi)容應(yīng)該在上文,根據(jù)第六

段的內(nèi)容However,physicistJosephWestthinkstheremighthavebeenasimpler

way,wholedthenewstudy.Westsaid,"Iwasinspiredwhile

watchingatelevisionprogramshowinghowsledsmighthavehelpedwithpyramidconstruction.1

thought,'Whydon'ttheyjusttryrollingthe

things?”'Asquarecouldbeturnedintoaroughsortofwheelbyattachingwoodenpoles

toitssides,herealized.That,henotes,shouldmakea

blockofstonealoteasiertorollthanasquare.(然而,物理學(xué)家約瑟

夫?韋斯特認(rèn)為有一個(gè)更簡(jiǎn)單的方法,他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了這項(xiàng)新的研究。韋斯特說(shuō):“當(dāng)我觀看一個(gè)電視節(jié)

目,展示雪橇如何幫助金字塔的建造時(shí),我受到了啟發(fā)。我想:”他們?yōu)槭裁床辉囍鴿L動(dòng)?xùn)|西?”

一個(gè)正方形。他意識(shí)到,通過(guò)在輪子的側(cè)面安裝木桿,可以把輪子變成一種粗糙的輪子,他指出,

這樣一來(lái),一塊石頭的滾動(dòng)要比一塊正方形容易得多。)可知,選擇A,意為”把桿綁在石塊上,

然后滾動(dòng)石塊二故選A。

(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的workerswouldn'thaveneededtocarrycattlefatorwatertosmooth

thepaths.(工人們不需要攜帶牛油或水來(lái)鋪平道路。)可知,滾動(dòng)石塊不需要有準(zhǔn)備工作,故選

Do

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。講述的是關(guān)于金字塔的建造,不同的專(zhuān)家有著不同的見(jiàn)解。這篇文章主要講

述了兩種看法。

一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個(gè)方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力,考生必須在

十分有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)運(yùn)用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀,搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句,捕捉時(shí)空、順

序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點(diǎn),并且理清文章脈絡(luò),把握語(yǔ)篇實(shí)質(zhì)。

二、看題干,帶著問(wèn)題讀文章。

首先要掌握問(wèn)題的類(lèi)型,客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案;而主觀判斷題考查的是對(duì)

文章的感情基調(diào)等,這類(lèi)題必須經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對(duì)整篇文章進(jìn)行深一層的推理等。

其次,了解試題題干以及各個(gè)選項(xiàng)所包含的信息,然后有針對(duì)性地對(duì)文章進(jìn)行掃讀,對(duì)有關(guān)信息

進(jìn)行快速定位。此法加強(qiáng)了閱讀的針對(duì)性,提高了做題的準(zhǔn)確率。

三、邏輯推理,做好深層理解題。

在實(shí)際閱讀中,有時(shí)作者并未把意圖說(shuō)出來(lái),閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思,通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇邏輯關(guān)系,

研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示,推敲作者的態(tài)度,理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對(duì)文字的表面信息進(jìn)行分析、挖

掘和邏輯推理,不能就事論事,以偏概全。推理題在提問(wèn)中常用的詞有:infer,imply,suggest,

indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義,掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要能力。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地理解上下文,而且要有較大的泛讀量,

掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)“順藤摸瓜”,通過(guò)構(gòu)詞,語(yǔ)法,定義,同位,對(duì)比,因

果,常識(shí),上下文等線索確定詞義。

8?11.【答案】C、C、D、D

【解析】(1)推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的Thiswaspossiblybecauseintheabsenceofsunlight,thebody

wasstillproducingthehormone(激素)melatonin(褪黑素),whichmakespeoplesleepy.(這

可能是因?yàn)樵跊](méi)有陽(yáng)光的環(huán)境下,身體仍在產(chǎn)生褪黑激素,讓人昏昏欲睡。)和第二段的Thereare

manywaysthatrainfallaffectshumanbehavior.(降雨影響人類(lèi)行為的方式有很多。)推知,作者

在本段引用一句歌詞是為了說(shuō)明潮濕天氣影響人類(lèi)行為的一種方式。故選Co

(2)詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線部分所在句子Theyproposedthatdecreasedrainfallwasinfluentialinsocial

upheaval(社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩)andthedownfalloftheTang,YuanandMingdynastiesinancientChina.(他

們提出,降雨減少對(duì)中國(guó)古代的社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩和唐、元、明王朝的downfall有影響。)可知I,downfall

和socialupheaval意思相近。再結(jié)合下文"Thisisthoughttoberelatedtoreducedricecultivation.(這

被認(rèn)為與水稻種植減少有關(guān)。)可知,在以農(nóng)耕為主的王朝,水稻種植的減少,最終會(huì)導(dǎo)致王朝

覆滅。由此猜測(cè)downfall意為"滅亡",A.Success.成功;B.Prosperity.繁榮;C.Failure.失敗,滅亡;

□.Development.發(fā)展。故選C。

(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的Thismightbebecauseheavyrainstopspeoplefromgoingoutto

buyalcoholandthereducedalcoholconsumptionresultsinfewercrimes.(這可能是因?yàn)?,由于下?/p>

雨,人們無(wú)法外出購(gòu)買(mǎi)酒,而酒的消費(fèi)量減少,導(dǎo)致犯罪減少。)可知,Langmead-Jones認(rèn)為下

雨天犯罪相對(duì)較少是因?yàn)榫频南M(fèi)量減少。故選D。

(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段的Theresearchshowedthattheheaviertherainfall,thelowerthe

recordedcrime.(研究表明,降雨量越大,犯罪率就越低),倒數(shù)第二段的Anotherstudyin2012found

thatwomenaremuchmorelikelylobeaffectedpsychologicallybyrainandthattheyreportmuchlower

levelsoflifesatisfactionthanmenonrainydays.(2012年的另一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),女性更容易受到下雨

的心理影響,她們?cè)谟晏斓纳顫M意度比男性低得多。)和最后一段的Thetheorybehindthisisthal

thepitter-patterofraindropsisaformof"pinknoise".Itcandecreasebrainactivityandconsequently

improvesthequalityofsleep.(這背后的理論是,雨滴的僻啪聲是一種‘粉色噪音它可以減少大

腦活動(dòng),從而提高睡眠質(zhì)量)??芍?,根據(jù)這篇文章,下雨天對(duì)人行為的影響包括:相對(duì)少的犯

罪記錄,情緒低落的幾率更高,以及更有可能犯困。故選D。

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了雨對(duì)人類(lèi)行為和情緒的影響。

一、速讀全文,了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度

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