Unit 10 課時(shí)1 Section A（教師版）九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)全一冊(cè)講義（人教版）

Unit10You’resupposedtoshakehands目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航Words1.customn.風(fēng)俗2.Braziln.巴西Braziliann.巴西的；巴西人3.greetv.和…打招呼;迎接4.Mexicon.墨西哥Mexicann.墨西哥的；墨西哥人5.relaxedadj.放松的;自在的relaxingadj.令人放松的relaxv.使放松；休息6.unexpectedadj出乎意料的expectationn.期待；期望7.valuevaluableadj.貴重的；寶貴的；有用的8.capitaln.首都;國(guó)都9.madadj.很生氣;瘋的(maddermaddest)madnessn.瘋狂，愚蠢的行為10.passport11.tiev.捆綁；系n.領(lǐng)帶12.blackboard13.coastn.海岸;海濱14.seasonn.季;季節(jié)15.northernadj.北方的；北部的16.southernadj.南方的；南部的17.knockv.敲;擊n.敲擊聲;敲擊18.worthadj.值得;...價(jià)值(的)19.mannern.方式;方法(pl)禮貌;禮儀Phrasesbesupposedtodo應(yīng)該做…beexpectedtodo應(yīng)該做/被期望做…shakehandswith和…握手bowtosb.向…鞠躬greetsb.inthewrongway以錯(cuò)誤的方式問候某人assoonas…一…就…assoonaspossible/sbcan/could盡可能快holdout（myhand）伸出（我的手）kisssb.onbothsidesofone’sfaces親某人的雙頰tomysurprise/joy/excitement令某人驚訝、開心、興奮的是berelaxedabout對(duì)…隨意、放松inoureverydaylives在我們的日常生活中dropby…順便拜訪，隨便進(jìn)入dropin(onsb./atsp.)順便拜訪(某人/地)…thecapitalofclocksandwatches鐘表之都atnoon在中午get/bemadat…對(duì)…生氣/氣憤get/bemadabout…對(duì)…著迷makeaneffort(todosth.)努力做某事avoidheavytraffic避免交通擁擠withoutcallingfirst沒有事先打goabroad出國(guó)abroadandathome在國(guó)內(nèi)外thenortherncoastofNorway挪威的北海岸duringthewinterseason在冬季knockat/on敲（門，窗…）takeoff脫下，起飛beworththetrouble值得費(fèi)事beworthdoing值得做…insocialsituations在社交場(chǎng)合wearashirtandtie穿西裝打領(lǐng)帶afterall畢竟cleanthechalkoff擦掉粉筆灰It’snobigdeal.沒什么大不了Sentences1.Youaresupposedtoshakehands.你應(yīng)該握手。2.Inyourcountry,whatareyousupposedtodowhenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttime?在你們國(guó)家,你與某人初次見面時(shí),你應(yīng)該做些什么?3.ImetaJapaneseboycalledSato,andassoonasIheldoutmyhand,hebowed.我遇到了一個(gè)名叫佐藤的日本男孩,我一伸出手他就鞠躬了。4.SoIjuststoodtherewithmyhandout.所以我就伸著手站在那里。5.WhereI’mfrom,we’reprettyrelaxedabouttime.在我的家鄉(xiāng)，我們對(duì)時(shí)間的要求相當(dāng)寬松。6.Wevaluethetimewespendwithourfamily…我們珍惜與家人在一起的時(shí)間…7.Weoftenjustdropbyourfriends’homeifwehavetime.如果有時(shí)間，我們會(huì)經(jīng)常到朋友家拜訪。8.Ifyou’reeven15minuteslate,yourfriendmaygetmad.如果你遲到15分鐘，你的朋友可能會(huì)生氣。9.SoImakeanefforttobeontimewhenImeetmyfriends.因此當(dāng)我去見朋友的時(shí)候我努力做到準(zhǔn)時(shí)。10.Afterclass,studentsaresupposedtocleanthechalkofftheblackboard.下課后，學(xué)生們應(yīng)該把黑板上的粉筆字擦掉。11.InmanyeasternEuropeancountries,youaresupposedtotakeoffyourglovesbeforeshakinghands.在許多東歐國(guó)家,握手前你應(yīng)該先脫下手套。12....butitishelpfultolearnasmanyofthesecustomsaspossible.…但是盡可能多地學(xué)習(xí)這些文化風(fēng)俗是有幫助的。13....butitisworththetroubleifyouwanttounderstandanotherculture.…但是如果你想了解另一種文化，再麻煩也是值得的。知識(shí)精講知識(shí)精講知識(shí)點(diǎn)01suppose的用法【課文詳解】Youaresupposedtoshakehands.你應(yīng)該握手?！揪湫推饰觥浚?）動(dòng)詞suppose意為“猜想、假設(shè)”，suppose后接that從句，that可以省略。例如：Isupposeheisnotyettwenty.我猜想他不到二十歲。（2）besupposedto后面用動(dòng)詞原形，表示“被期望做某事、應(yīng)該做某事”，相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should。例如：Youaresupposedtosayhellototheforeigners.你應(yīng)該跟這些外賓打招呼。【句型拓展】（1）當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是人的時(shí)候，besupposedto表示“應(yīng)該做某事、被期望做某事”，經(jīng)常用來表示勸告、建議、義務(wù)和責(zé)任等。這里besupposedto相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should。例如：Youaresupposedtoaskourteacherifyouwanttoleavetheclassroom.如果你要離開教室，應(yīng)該先問一問我們的老師。（2）當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)是物的時(shí)候，besupposedto表示“本應(yīng)該”的意思，經(jīng)常用來表示某事物本應(yīng)該發(fā)生而沒有發(fā)生。ThemeetingwassupposedtotakeplaceonTuesday,butwehavetoputitoff.這個(gè)會(huì)議本應(yīng)該在星期二舉行，但我們不得不把他推遲了。（3）短語(yǔ)besupposedtodosth.的否定形式是benotsupposedtodosth，表示“命令和禁止”，意為“不應(yīng)該做某事”。Youarenotsupposedtotalkloudlyinclass.你不應(yīng)該在課堂上大聲交談。（4）besupposedto的后面接have+過去分詞，表示“本應(yīng)該做完的事情而沒有做完”。Mymotherissupposedtohavearrivedanhourago.我的媽媽應(yīng)該一個(gè)小時(shí)前就到了。【即學(xué)即練】—InChina,what________whenyoumeetpeopleforthefirsttime?—Weoftenshakehands.A．a(chǎn)reyousupposedtodo B．yousupposetodoC．a(chǎn)reyousupposeddo D．youaresupposedtodo【答案】A【詳解】句意：在中國(guó)，當(dāng)你和別人第一次見面時(shí)，你應(yīng)該做什么？——我們經(jīng)常握手?？疾樘厥庖蓡柧洹８鶕?jù)“Weoftenshakehands.”可知，問句問的是第一次遇見別人時(shí)應(yīng)該做的事情；besupposedtodosth.“應(yīng)該做某事”，此處是特殊疑問句，故將be動(dòng)詞提前。故選A。知識(shí)點(diǎn)02forthefirsttime的用法【課文詳解】Inyourcountry,whatareyousupposedtodowhenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttime?在你們國(guó)家,你與某人初次見面時(shí),你應(yīng)該做些什么?【句型剖析】forthefirsttime意為“第一次(做某事)”,在句中常作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),它修飾的謂語(yǔ)常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),也可以用一般過去時(shí)。Ihavebeenhereforthefirsttime.我是第一次到這里。Imethimforthefirsttime.我第一次見到了他?！就卣埂縡orthelasttime最后一次【比較】thefirsttime是名詞短語(yǔ),后接一個(gè)分句時(shí),thefirsttime相當(dāng)于連詞,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,相當(dāng)于assoonas。如:ThisisthefirsttimeI'vebeenhere.這是我第一次到這兒。ThefirsttimeIsawyou,IfeltIseemedtohavemetyousomewherebefore.當(dāng)我第一次見到你時(shí),我感覺似乎以前在哪里見過你?！就卣埂坑蓆ime構(gòu)成的其他短語(yǔ):intime及時(shí)ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)attimes/fromtimetotime有時(shí);偶爾bythetime..到時(shí)候;到之前allthetime總是;一直【即學(xué)即練】Mycarcanonlyholdfourpersons________,soI’mafraidtheresttwohavetotakeataxi.A．fromtimetotime B．ontime C．bythetime D．a(chǎn)tatime【答案】D【詳解】句意：我的轎車一次只能坐四個(gè)人，因此恐怕余下的兩個(gè)人不得不打的了。考查短語(yǔ)。fromtimetotime時(shí)不時(shí)；ontime按時(shí)；bythetime等到；atatime一次。根據(jù)“onlyholdfourpersons”，可知句子表達(dá)“一次只能坐四個(gè)人”，用短語(yǔ)“atatime”。故選D。知識(shí)點(diǎn)03assoonas的用法【課文詳解】ImetaJapaneseboycalledSato,andassoonasIheldoutmyhand,hebowed.我遇到了一個(gè)名叫佐藤的日本男孩,我一伸出手他就鞠躬了?！揪湫推饰觥縜ssoonas意為“一......就......”常用來引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)候,從句也用一般過去時(shí)?！就卣埂吭诤衋ssoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中,若主句是一般將來時(shí)、祈使句或含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。IllcallyouassoonasIarrivehome.我一到家就會(huì)給你打。Pleasecallmeassoonasheesback.他一回來就請(qǐng)給我打。YoucanwatchTVassoonasyoufinishyourhomework.你一完成作業(yè)就可以看電視了?！炯磳W(xué)即練】I’llsendyouamessage________Igettoschool.A．since B．sothat C．a(chǎn)ssoonas D．though【答案】C【詳解】句意：我一到學(xué)校就給你發(fā)送信息?？疾闋钫Z(yǔ)從句連詞的用法。since自從；sothat以至于；assoonas一……就……；though雖然。根據(jù)I’llsendyouamessage____Igettoschool.可知句意為：我一到學(xué)校就給你發(fā)送信息。考查assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，遵循主將從現(xiàn)的原則，故答案選C。知識(shí)點(diǎn)04withmyhandout的用法【課文詳解】SoIjuststoodtherewithmyhandout.所以我就伸著手站在那里?！揪湫推饰觥縲ithmyhandout意為“伸出我的手”?！皐ith+名詞+副詞形容詞”是介詞with的常見復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。Shewassleeping,withthetelevisionon.她睡著了,電視機(jī)開著。【拓展】with還可用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):with+名詞+介詞(短語(yǔ))Jimcamebackwithaletterinhishand.吉姆手里拿著一封信回來了。with+名詞+不定式短語(yǔ)Withsomuchhouseworktodo,shecan'tgototheparty.有這么多的家務(wù)活要做,她不能去參加聚會(huì)。with+名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))Ican'tgettosleepwithallthisnoisegoingon.這么吵,我睡不著。with+名詞+過去分詞(短語(yǔ))Withherhomeworkfinished,shewentouttoplay.完成了家庭作業(yè)后,她便出去玩了。"with+名詞短語(yǔ)”,在句中作定語(yǔ),位于所修飾的名詞之后Sheisagirlwithlonghair.她是個(gè)長(zhǎng)頭發(fā)的女孩。【即學(xué)即練】Theboywasborn________theabilitytosing.A．of B．in C．for D．with【答案】D【詳解】句意：這個(gè)男孩天生就有唱歌的能力。考查介詞。of屬于……；in在……里；for對(duì)于，為了；with帶有。根據(jù)“theabilitytosing”可知，男孩帶有唱歌的能力。故選D。知識(shí)點(diǎn)05value的用法【課文詳解】Wevaluethetimewespendwithourfamily…我們珍惜與家人在一起的時(shí)間…【句型剖析】（1）value作動(dòng)詞，表示“看重，重視”。例如：Iftheyvaluethesedata,letthempayforthem.他們要是看重這些數(shù)據(jù)，就讓他們出錢買。Ifyouvalueyourhealththenyou’llstartbeingalittlekindertoyourself.如果你重視自己的健康，你就要開始對(duì)自己好一點(diǎn)。（2）value作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“評(píng)價(jià)，估價(jià)”。后接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)后接具體價(jià)格時(shí)，常用介詞at。例如：Ivaluedthebikeat200yuan.我估計(jì)這輛自行車值200元。Theusedcarhasrecentlybeenvaluedat3750pounds.這輛二手車作價(jià)為3750英鎊。【拓展】（1）value用作名詞，基本意思是“價(jià)值，價(jià)格”，引申還可表示“用處，益處，重要性”。例如：Becauseofcontinualpriceincreases,thevalueofthepoundhasfalleninrecentyears.近年來由于物價(jià)不斷上漲，英鎊貶值了。Thevalueofthisworkexperienceshouldnotbeunderestimated.這種工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的重要性不應(yīng)該被低估。（2）value常用于ofvaluetosb.結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“對(duì)某人有……價(jià)值”。例如：Goodbooksareofgreatvaluetostudents.好書對(duì)學(xué)生非常有用?！炯磳W(xué)即練】—Thefouryearlifeinmiddleschoolwillbe________toallofus.—Therearemanymovingstories________inourclass.A．value,tohappen B．valuable,happened C．ofvalue,thathavehappened【答案】C【詳解】句意：——四年的中學(xué)生活對(duì)我們所有人都是有價(jià)值的?！谖覀儼喟l(fā)生了許多感人的故事?？疾槊~的用法和不及物動(dòng)詞。value“價(jià)值”，名詞；valuable“有價(jià)值的”，形容詞?！皐illbevaluable”與“willbeofvalue”意思相同，表示“有價(jià)值的”，排除A；happen是不及物動(dòng)詞，沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，所以不能使用動(dòng)詞過去分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞movingstories，所以使用that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。故選C。知識(shí)點(diǎn)06dropby的用法【課文詳解】Weoftenjustdropbyourfriends’homeifwehavetime.如果有時(shí)間，我們會(huì)經(jīng)常到朋友家拜訪?！揪湫推饰觥縟ropby意為“順便訪問；隨便進(jìn)入”，常用于口語(yǔ)中，多指臨時(shí)決定，偶爾（順便）走訪、串門。dropby后可接地點(diǎn)或人作賓語(yǔ)，也可不接賓語(yǔ)。1)Youcandropbywhenyouarefree.你有空時(shí)可以順便來玩兒。2)Don’tforgettodropbyyoursister’shome.別忘了順便去你姐姐家看看。拓展:dropin也意為“拜訪”，dropinonsb.意為“拜訪某人”，dropinatsp.意為“拜訪某地”。YesterdayIdroppedinonmyfriendTom,andtomorrowI’lldropinathisoffice.昨天我拜訪了我的朋友湯姆，明天我將去看看他的辦公室?！炯磳W(xué)即練】Weoftendrop________ourfriends’homesafterschool.A．for B．with C．by D．of【答案】C【詳解】句意：放學(xué)后我們經(jīng)常去朋友家玩。A.for為了；B.with帶有，具有；C.by通過……方式；D.of……的。短語(yǔ)dropbyone’shome表示順便去某人家。根據(jù)題意，故選C。知識(shí)點(diǎn)07條件狀語(yǔ)從句【課文詳解】Ifyou’reeven15minuteslate,yourfriendmaygetmad.如果你遲到15分鐘，你的朋友可能會(huì)生氣?！揪湫推饰觥窟@是含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，if譯為“如果”。條件狀語(yǔ)從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來，要注意if條件句的時(shí)態(tài)搭配：（1）if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般將來時(shí)。例如：

Thecatwillscratchyouifyoupullhertail.如果你拉貓的尾巴，它就會(huì)抓你。Iftheraindoesn’tstop,wewillstayhere.如果這場(chǎng)雨不停的話，我們就呆在這兒。（2）if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如：If

you

want

to

lose

weight,

you

should

eat

less

bread.如果想減肥，你應(yīng)該少吃面包.（3）if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用祈使句。例如：Ifyouwanttogetthereontime,hurryup!如果你想準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那里，要快一點(diǎn)?！揪湫推饰觥縢etmad意為“大動(dòng)肝火；氣憤”，相當(dāng)于getangry，其中mad用作形容詞，意為“生氣的，憤怒的”。Don’tgetmadallthetime,mydearfriend.Itwillbebadforyourhealth.不要總是生氣，我親愛的朋友，那將對(duì)你的健康不利。提示:bemadat/withsb.對(duì)某人生氣She’smadatmeforbeinglate.我遲到了，她非常氣憤?！炯磳W(xué)即練】IfyoukissagirlinChinawhenyoumeetherforthefirsttime,shemay________．A．behappy B．getsad C．getmad D．getexcited【答案】C【詳解】句意：如果你在中國(guó)第一次見到一個(gè)女孩時(shí)吻她，她可能會(huì)生氣。A.behappy高興；B.getsad變得悲傷；C.getmad變得生氣；D.getexcited感到興奮。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知如果在中國(guó)第一次見到一個(gè)女孩時(shí)如果你親吻她，她會(huì)生氣，高興C。知識(shí)點(diǎn)08makeanefforttodosth【課文詳解】SoImakeanefforttobeontimewhenImeetmyfriends.因此當(dāng)我去見朋友的時(shí)候我努力做到準(zhǔn)時(shí)?！揪湫推饰觥縨akeanefforttodosth.意為“努力去做某事”Youshouldmakeanefforttolearnsomethingneweveryday.你應(yīng)該每天努力去學(xué)一點(diǎn)新東西?！就卣埂颗ceffort相關(guān)的常用短語(yǔ):beyondeffort力所不能及inamoneffort共同努力withouteffort毫不費(fèi)力地;輕松地makenoeffort不努力with(an)effort艱難地【即學(xué)即練】Chinaismaking________tohelpmoredevelopingcountriesfightagainstCOVID19.A．a(chǎn)decision B．a(chǎn)mistake C．a(chǎn)neffort【答案】C【詳解】句意：中國(guó)正在努力幫助更多發(fā)展中國(guó)家抗擊新冠肺炎。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。makeadecision作決定；makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤；makeaneffort努力。根據(jù)“tohelpmoredevelopingcountriesfightagainstCOVID19.”可知，應(yīng)是努力幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家抗擊新冠肺炎，故選C。知識(shí)點(diǎn)09clean...off的用法【課文詳解】Afterclass,studentsaresupposedtocleanthechalkofftheblackboard.下課后，學(xué)生們應(yīng)該把黑板上的粉筆字擦掉?！揪湫推饰觥縞lean...off意為“把…擦掉”Pleasecleanthedropsofwateroffthemirror.請(qǐng)把鏡子上的水滴擦掉。拓展:cleanup意為“打掃干凈”。Afterclass,thestudentscleaneduptheclassroom.下課后，學(xué)生們清掃了教室。【即學(xué)即練】—WhatdoyouusuallydoonVolunteerDay?—Iusuallyhelp________thecityparks.A．callup B．cleanup C．cheerup【答案】B【詳解】句意：——在“志愿者日”通常你會(huì)干什么？——我通常幫忙打掃城市公園?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。callup給……打；cleanup打掃；cheerup振作起來。根據(jù)此空搭配的賓語(yǔ)“thecityparks”可知，應(yīng)用“打掃”。故選B。知識(shí)點(diǎn)10takeoff的用法【課文詳解】InmanyeasternEuropeancountries,youaresupposedtotakeoffyourglovesbeforeshakinghands.在許多東歐國(guó)家,握手前你應(yīng)該先脫下手套?！揪湫推饰觥縯akeoff在該句中表示“脫下”,其反義短語(yǔ)為puton(穿上)。It'stoocold.Youshouldn'ttakeoffyourcoat.Putitonquickly.太冷了。你不應(yīng)該脫掉外套?？禳c(diǎn)穿上。【拓展】takeoff還可表示“(飛機(jī)等)起飛”,此時(shí)其反義短語(yǔ)為landon降落;著陸)。Theplanewilltakeoffsoon.飛機(jī)馬上就要起飛了。【即學(xué)即練】—Sir,couldyoupleasehurryup?Myplanewill________inanhour.—I’msorry,butthetrafficistooheavynow.A．takeoff B．turnoff C．putoff D．cutoff【答案】A【詳解】句意：——先生，你能快點(diǎn)嗎？我的飛機(jī)將在一小時(shí)后起飛。——對(duì)不起，但是現(xiàn)在交通太擁擠了。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。takeoff起飛；turnoff關(guān)掉；putoff推遲；cutoff切斷。根據(jù)“Sir,couldyoupleasehurryup?Myplanewill...inanhour.”可知需要快點(diǎn)趕飛機(jī)，因?yàn)轱w機(jī)將要在一小時(shí)后起飛。故選A。知識(shí)點(diǎn)11worth的用法【課文詳解】butitisworththetroubleifyouwanttounderstandanotherculture.......但是如果你想了解另一種文化,麻煩一點(diǎn)也值得?！揪湫推饰觥縲orth為形容詞,意為“值得;有.價(jià)值(的)”,一般作表語(yǔ)，后面通常跟ving形式或表示金錢的名詞。其用法如下:①“beworthdoing”意為“值得做”,句子的主語(yǔ)一般是do的賓語(yǔ)。Theplaceisworthvisiting.這個(gè)地方值得參觀。②“beworth+錢”意為“值多少錢”。Thepictureisworth$30.這幅畫值30美元。③“beworth+名詞”意為“值得Idon'tthinkit'sworthourwork.我覺得這件事不值得我們付出勞動(dòng)。【拓展】worth前面可用well、reallyhardly、easily等詞修飾,但不可以用very修飾。表示“很值得”時(shí),應(yīng)說wellworth,而不說veryworth。Thebookiswellworthreading.這本書很值得一讀?！炯磳W(xué)即練】—Doyouknowwherethelasttwopictureswent?—Amillionaireboughtbothofthem.Hethoughtthey________themoney.A．wereworth B．a(chǎn)reworth C．worthed D．worth【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你知道最后兩幅畫去哪里了？——一位百萬(wàn)富翁把它們兩個(gè)都買走了。他認(rèn)為它們值那些錢。考查時(shí)態(tài)和worth的用法。worth“值得的”，是形容詞，beworth“值得”，主句謂語(yǔ)thought是一般過去時(shí)，后面接的賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)用一般過去時(shí)，故選A。能力拓展能力拓展考法01relax的用法relaxed形容詞，意為“輕松的，舒適的”。berelaxedabout意為“對(duì)……隨意；對(duì)……感到放松”。e.g.1)We’rerelaxedaboutourbreakfast.我們對(duì)早餐較隨意。2)Iamrelaxedafterplayingthegame.玩過游戲后我很放松。辨析：relaxed與relaxingrelaxed:“舒適的；放松的”，既可作表語(yǔ)，也可作定語(yǔ)。多用來形容人，表示人本身很放松；relaxing:“令人放松的”，指物，表示事或物使人感到放松。【典例】Afterlisteningtothesoftmusic,Jillfeels________.A．relax B．relaxing C．relaxed D．torelax【答案】C【詳解】句意：聽了這首柔和的音樂，吉爾感到很放松?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。relax放松，動(dòng)詞原形；relaxing令人放松的；relaxed輕松的；torelax不定式；此處填形容詞與feel構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，所以排除A和D；現(xiàn)在分詞（ing）當(dāng)表語(yǔ)表主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或特征；過去分詞（ed）當(dāng)表語(yǔ)表主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)（情感、情緒）；此處表人的情緒，排除B；故選C?？挤?2wish,hope和expect的辨析【辨析】wish,hope和expect的辨析wish意為＂希望，想要＂，可加todo作賓語(yǔ)。wishsb.todosth.意為＂希望某人做某事＂。wish后可跟that從句，表＂愿望＂，且從句多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。Iwishyoutogowithme.我希望你和我一起去。hope意為＂希望，期望＂，不能用hopesb.todosth.，但可以用hopetodosth.。hope也可跟that從句，表＂希望＂。IhopetovisitGuilin.我希望去參觀桂林。expect意為＂期待，期望，盼望＂。強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的＂期望＂。Theshopexpectstomakeasmallprofitthisyear.這家店鋪期望今年能賺點(diǎn)兒錢?！镜淅縏hisissucha________moviethatI________myparentstowatchitsoon.A．successfully;hope B．successful;hope C．successfully;expect D．successful;expect【答案】D【詳解】句意：這是一部如此成功的電影，以致于我期待我父母能盡快去看。考查形容詞作定語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞辨析。successfully副詞，成功地；hope希望；successful形容詞，成功的；expect期望。movie是名詞，所以第一空使用形容詞successful修飾名詞；expectsb.todosth.期望某人干某事；hopetodosth.希望干某事，根據(jù)“myparentstowatchitsoon”可知，第二空使用expect。故選D?？挤?3surprise的用法toone’ssurprise意為＂使/讓某人吃驚/驚訝的是＂。其中surprise用作名詞，意為＂驚奇；意想不到的事＂。Tooursurprise,LiuWeiplayedthepianobyfootsowellinChina’sGotTalentsShow.令我們驚訝的是，在《中國(guó)達(dá)人秀》里，劉偉用腳彈鋼琴?gòu)椀萌绱酥?。Ihaveasurpriseforyou.我要告訴你一件意想不到的事。【拓展】（1）insurprise驚奇地Roselookedathermotherinsurprise.羅絲驚奇地看著她母親。（2）besurprisedat對(duì)……感到吃驚。Weareverysurprisedatthenews.我們對(duì)這個(gè)消息感到非常吃驚。（3）besurprisedtodosth.做某事令人感到驚訝。Iwassurprisedtoseeyouhere.在這里見到你，我很驚訝?！镜淅縚_________,hesucceededfinally!A．Surprising B．Tohesurprise C．Tohissurprise D．Surprised【答案】C【詳解】句意：令他驚訝的是，他最后成功了！本題考查介詞短語(yǔ)和形容詞。surprising令人驚訝的，修飾事物；toone’ssurprise令某人驚訝的是，surprised感到驚訝的，描述人的感受。此處修飾整個(gè)句子，用介詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)。故選C?？挤?4take的詞組常見的含有take的詞組：takecareof照顧takecare當(dāng)心;小心;注意takeplace發(fā)生takephotos照相takeaway拿走takeout(of..(從...里)拿出;取出takeafter與......相像take...to...把......帶到......takeiteasy別緊張takenotes記筆記taketurns輪流takedown拿下;取下takeover接管;接任takepartin參加【典例】It’swarmoutside.Whynot________yourcoat?A．takeoff B．takeaway C．takeup D．takedown【答案】A【詳解】句意：外面很暖和。為什么不脫掉你的外套？考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。takeoff脫掉；takeaway拿走；takeup占據(jù)；takedown記錄下；根據(jù)“It’swarmoutside.”可知，外面很暖和，因此建議你脫掉外套。故選A。分層提分分層提分題組A基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練1．（2022·湖北襄陽(yáng)·中考真題）—Isawyourhandsshakingwhenyouspokeonthe100thbirthdayofCYL(共青團(tuán)).—Asanewmember,Ifeltvery_________.A．surprised B．relaxed C．excited D．interested【答案】C【詳解】句意：——我看到你在共青團(tuán)100歲生日上講話時(shí)手在顫抖?！鳛橐幻鲁蓡T，我感到非常興奮?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。surprised驚訝的；relaxed放松的；excited激動(dòng)的；interested感興趣的。根據(jù)“Isawyourhandsshaking”可知因?yàn)榕d奮而手抖，故選C。2．（2022·湖北黃石·中考真題）—Whydoyouwanttobeavolunteer?—IguessI________mymother.Sheisalwayshelpingothers.A．takedown B．takeafter C．takein D．takeoff【答案】B【詳解】句意：——你為什么想當(dāng)志愿者？——我想我很像我媽媽。她總是幫助別人。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。takedown記下；takeafter（長(zhǎng)相、舉止或性格）像；takein領(lǐng)會(huì)；takeoff起飛。根據(jù)“Sheisalwayshelpingothers.”可知此處指像媽媽親一樣總幫助別人。故選B。3．（2022·遼寧鞍山·中考真題）—DoyouknowBingDwenDwen?—Yes.Itshowsthe________ofOlympics,includingastrongmindandahealthybody.A．promise B．spirit C．value D．rule【答案】B【詳解】句意：——你知道冰墩墩嗎？——是的。它展示了奧林匹克精神，包括堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的頭腦和健康的身體?？疾槊~辨析。promise承諾；spirit精神；value價(jià)值；rule規(guī)則。根據(jù)“includingastrongmindandahealthybody.”可知堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的頭腦和健康的身體都是奧林匹克精神，故選B。4．（2022·江蘇南通·中考真題）Mrs.SmithhaslivedinChinafortwentyyears,soshehas________Chinesefood.A．lookedforwardto B．gotusedtoC．madeadifferenceto D．paidattentionto【答案】B【詳解】句意：史密斯太太在中國(guó)住了二十年，所以她已經(jīng)習(xí)慣吃中國(guó)菜了?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。lookforwardto期待；getusedto習(xí)慣于；makeadifferenceto有影響；payattentionto注意。根據(jù)“Mrs.SmithhaslivedinChinafortwentyyears,soshehas...Chinesefood.”可知，在中國(guó)生活了二十年，習(xí)慣了中國(guó)菜，故選B。5．（2022·湖北荊州·中考真題）—Ialwaysfeel________whenspeakinginfrontofothers.—Takeiteasyandbebrave.A．glad B．nervous C．proud D．relaxed【答案】B【詳解】句意：——在其他人面前講話的時(shí)候我總會(huì)感到緊張?！泡p松，勇敢一些?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。glad高興的；nervous緊張的；proud自豪的；relaxed放松的。根據(jù)“Takeiteasyandbebrave.”可知，應(yīng)是感到緊張，所以才會(huì)安慰賭坊放輕松。故選B。6．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真題）—Tom,turnoffthelight.Don’tkeepiton.—________.A．You’dbetternot B．OK.Iwill C．Notatall D．You’rewele【答案】B【詳解】句意：湯姆，關(guān)掉燈。不要讓它一直開著?？疾榍榫敖浑H。You’dbetternot“你最好不要”；OK.Iwill“好的。我會(huì)的”；Notatall“不客氣”；You’rewele“不客氣”。根據(jù)“Tom,turnoffthelight.Don’tkeepiton.”可知，題干表示提醒某人要做某事，應(yīng)用“Iwill”回復(fù)。故選B。7．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真題）—Maria,don’tforgetto________thesportsshoes.YouhaveaP.E.classtoday.—Thanks,mom.Iwon’t.A．getup B．puton C．takeoff D．cutdown【答案】B【詳解】句意：——瑪麗亞，別忘了穿上運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。你今天有體育課。——謝謝你，媽媽。我不會(huì)忘的?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。getup起床；puton穿上；takeoff脫衣服；cutdown砍倒。根據(jù)“YouhaveaP.E.classtoday”可知有體育課，要穿上運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。故選B。8．（2017·湖北襄陽(yáng)·中考真題）—Canyoutellmewhenyouaregoingtoarrivethere?—I’mnotsure.ButI’llringyouupassoonasI________theretomorrow.A．a(chǎn)rrive B．a(chǎn)rrived C．willarrive D．a(chǎn)mgoingtoarrive【答案】A【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我你什么時(shí)候到那里嗎？——我不確定。但我明天一到那兒就給你打。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句表將來的事時(shí)，這時(shí)主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在，即：主將從現(xiàn)。本句主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是I，動(dòng)詞用原形。故選A。9．（2018·貴州銅仁·中考真題）—Jenny,it’scoldoutside.________yourcoatwhenyougoout.—OK,dad.A．Putaway B．Puton C．Takeoff D．Takeaway【答案】B【詳解】句意：——珍妮，外面冷。當(dāng)你出去的時(shí)候穿上你的大衣。——好的，爸爸。考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。Putaway收拾，整理；Puton穿上；Takeoff脫下；Takeaway帶走。根據(jù)“it’scoldoutside”可知外面冷，所以外出的時(shí)候要穿上大衣。故選B。10．（2021·廣西河池·中考真題）—Bob,please________yourspelling.You’vedroppedthe“d”intheword“knowledge”.—Oh,yes.I’llbemorecarefulnexttime.A．listento B．lookforwardto C．payattentionto D．getusedto【答案】C【詳解】句意：——Bob，請(qǐng)注意拼寫。你把“knowledge”中的“d”漏掉了?！?，是的。我下次一定更仔細(xì)?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。listento聽；lookforwardto期待；payattentionto注意；getusedto習(xí)慣。根據(jù)“You’vedroppedthe“d”intheword“knowledge””可知，是提醒對(duì)方要注意單詞的拼寫，故選C。題組B能力提升練補(bǔ)全對(duì)話（2022·湖北黃石·中考真題）根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容，從AG七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出五個(gè)能補(bǔ)全對(duì)話的最佳選項(xiàng)（有兩項(xiàng)多余）。LiHua:Hello,Mr.Xu!Mr.Xu:Hi,LiHua.Wherehaveyoubeen?LiHua:_____11_____Mr.Xu:Really?That’sgreat!DidyoutalkwithMarkandJudy?LiHua:Yes,butonlyafewwords.AndIamnotsureiftheyunderstoodme.Mr.Xu:Noproblem._____12_____LiHua:ButIamafraidofmakingmistakeswhenIspeak.Mr.Xu:_____13_____Youshouldbelieveinyourself.LiHua:Butdoyouthinktheyliketotalkwithusbeginners?Mr.Xu:_____14_____LiHua:ButIamstillverynervous.Youknowmypronunciationispoor.Mr.Xu:That’sabadexcuse.Trytotalkwiththemasmuchasyoucan.LiHua:Allright._____15_____A．Thanksalot,Mr.Xu.B．Yes,unlesstheyarebusy.C．Youhavemadeagoodstart.D．No,I’mnot.E．CanIhelpyou?F．IhavejustebackfromEnglishCorner.G．Wealllearnfrommistakes,don’twe?【答案】11．F

12．C

13．G

14．B

15．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是李華和許老師之間的對(duì)話，許老師鼓勵(lì)李華多與Mark和Judy交談來練習(xí)英語(yǔ)。11．根據(jù)“Wherehaveyoubeen?”可知要回答去了哪里，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“我剛從英語(yǔ)角回來。”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。12．根據(jù)“Yes,butonlyafewwords.AndIamnotsureiftheyunderstoodme.”可知李華與Mark和Judy在英語(yǔ)角交談，這是個(gè)好的開始，C選項(xiàng)“你已經(jīng)開了個(gè)好頭?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選C。13．根據(jù)“ButIamafraidofmakingmistakeswhenIspeak.”可知此處要鼓勵(lì)李華別怕犯錯(cuò)，G選項(xiàng)“我們都能從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)，不是嗎？”符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。14．根據(jù)“Butdoyouthinktheyliketotalkwithusbeginners?”可知用yes或no回答，告知Mark和Judy是否喜歡與初學(xué)者談話，B選項(xiàng)“是的，除非他們很忙?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選B。15．根據(jù)“Trytotalkwiththemasmuchasyoucan.”及上文可知要感謝許老師的開導(dǎo)，A選項(xiàng)“非常感謝，許老師?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選A。（2022·遼寧丹東·中考真題）Text1:LiuYang,borninOctober1978,waschosenasthefirstChinesewomanastronautinspaceinJune,2012.Shemadehistory.InJune,2022,shewassenttospaceagainbyShenzhou14.PictureAText2：LhasaisthecapitalofTibet.ThePotalaPalace(布達(dá)拉宮)inLhasamakesTibetfamousallovertheworld.Ontheotherhand,Tibetisalsowellknownforitsbeautifulnaturalsights.Soalotofvisitorsgothereeveryyear.PictureBText3:Recently,shortvideoplatforms(平臺(tái))haveofferedafunandeasywaytoshowthetraditionalartforms,suchaspapercutting,shadowplayworks(皮影戲),PekingOpera.YoungusersknowmoreabouttraditionalChineseculturefromthosevideos.PictureCText4:Handsinthepockets—Thisismonlyseemindailylife.InSwedenandFrance,puttingyourhandsinyourpocketswouldbeconsideredimpoliteinabusinessmeeting,eventhoughyoumaywearasuit.PictureD16．WhenwasLiuYangsenttospaceforthesecondtime?A．In1978. B．In2012. C．In2021. D．In2022.17．Thereare________reasonswhyTibetiswellknownaccordingtoText2.A．two B．three C．four D．five18．WhichpictureshowsthetraditionalartformmentionedinText3?A．PictureA． B．PictureB． C．PictureC． D．PictureD．19．WherecanyoungpeoplelearnaboutthetraditionalChineseartformseasily?A．Inspace. B．InthePotalaPalace.C．Onshortvideoplatforms. D．InSwedenandFrance.20．WhichonewouldbeconsideredimpoliteinabusinessmeetinginSwedenandFrance?A．Puttingyourhandsoutofyourpockets.B．Shakinghandswithbusinesspartners.C．Wearingasuitwithpockets.D．Puttingyourhandsinyourpockets.【答案】16．D

17．A

18．A

19．C

20．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是四篇文本，分別介紹劉洋，布達(dá)拉宮，皮影戲和雙手插兜。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InJune,2022,shewassenttospaceagainbyShenzhou14.”可知，2022年6月，她被神舟14號(hào)再次送入太空。故選D。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThePotalaPalaceinLhasamakesTibetfamousallovertheworld.Ontheotherhand,Tibetisalsowellknownforitsbeautifulnaturalsights.”可知，根據(jù)文本2，西藏之所以出名，有兩個(gè)原因。故選A。18．推理判斷題。分析四張圖片可知，PictureA展示了文本3中提到的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式——皮影戲。故選A。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“shortvideoplatformshaveofferedafunandeasywaytoshowthetraditionalartforms”可知，短視頻平臺(tái)為傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式的展示提供了一種有趣而簡(jiǎn)單的方式，故選C。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InSwedenandFrance,puttingyourhandsinyourpocketswouldbeconsideredimpoliteinabusinessmeeting,eventhoughyoumaywearasuit.”可知，在瑞典和法國(guó)，即使你穿著西裝，在商務(wù)會(huì)議上把手放在口袋里也會(huì)被認(rèn)為是不禮貌的。故選D。（2022·湖南益陽(yáng)·中考真題）InancientChina,willowbranches（柳枝）wereoftenusedasagifttofriendsandfamilymemberswhowouldleave.Doyouknowwhywillowbranchesareasymbolofsayinggoodbye?Onereasonisthatwillowtreesarestrong.Theycanliveinanysoil,wetordry,northorsouth.Becauseofthisspecialfeature,whensayinggoodbyetolovedones,givingawillowbranchisawaytotellthemyouhopetheywilleasilygetusedtotheirnewlivingenvironment.Anotherreasonisthat,inChinese,thepronunciationforthewillowtree“柳”issimilartothecharacter“留”.SogivingawillowbranchinancientChinawaslikeaskingtheotherstostay,eventhoughyouknowthattheymustleave.It’ssaidthatthiscustombecamepopularduringtheHanDynasty.Atthattime,Baqiao,abridgeinChang’an,today’sXi’an,wasamonplacetosaygoodbye.Peopleoftenstoppedthereandhandedwillowbranchestopeoplewhoweregoingtodepart.Willowbranches,asasymbolofsayinggoodbye,wereoftenmentionedinpoems,especiallyatthetimeoftheTangandSongdynasties.21．WhowerewillowbranchesoftenusedasagifttoinancientChina?A．One’sparentswhowouldstay.B．One’sfriendsandfamilymemberswhowouldleave.C．One’slovewhowouldebackafterbeingawayforalongtime.22．Accordingtothepassage,thewillowtreescanliveinanysoilbecausetheyare________.A．magic B．beautiful C．strong23．GivingawillowbranchinancientChinawaslike________.A．a(chǎn)skingtheotherstostay B．a(chǎn)skingtheothersforhelp C．wishingtheotherstoleave24．Theunderlinedword“depart”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”inChinese.A．返回 B．離開 C．相遇25．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Akindofstrongtree—WillowtreesB．Amonplacetosaygoodbye—BaqiaoC．Asymbolofsayinggoodbye—Willowbranches【答案】21．B

22．C

23．A

24．B

25．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了柳枝在古代的含義。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InancientChina,willowbranches（柳枝）wereoftenusedasagifttofriendsandfamilymemberswhowouldleave.”可知在中國(guó)古代，柳枝經(jīng)常被用來作為禮物送給即將離開的朋友和家人。故選B。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Onereasonisthatwillowtreesarestrong.”可知一個(gè)原因是柳樹很結(jié)實(shí)。故選C。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SogivingawillowbranchinancientChinawaslikeaskingtheotherstostay”可知在中國(guó)古代，送一根柳枝就像請(qǐng)別人留下一樣。故選A。24．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Peopleoftenstoppedthereandhandedwillowbranchestopeoplewhoweregoingtodepart.”可知人們經(jīng)常在那里停下來，把柳枝遞給即將離開的人。由此可知depart指的是“離開”。故選B。25．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“Doyouknowwhywillowbranchesareasymbolofsayinggoodbye?”可知文章主要介紹了柳枝表示再見的含義。故選C。題組C培優(yōu)拔尖練（2022·四川雅安·中考真題）Therearemanyfestivalsaroundtheworld.DadshaveFather’sDay.MumshaveMother’sDay.Butdoourgrandparentshavea____26____?Yes,theydo.TheDoubleNinthFestivalisa____27____dayforoldpeopleinChina.ThefestivalisonlunarSeptember9th.Onthisday,peopleshow____28____andrespect(尊敬)fortheirgrandparents.RespectingoldpeopleisatraditioninChina.TherearemanywaysforChinesepeopleto___29___theirrespect.Whenanoldpersonentersaroom,everyoneshouldstandup.Also,peopleareintroducedfromthe____30____totheyoungest.Whenwegivesomethingtoanoldperson,twohandsareused.Theoldusuallydon’thavetobuyticketsforbusesandyoungpeoplealways___31___theirseatstooldpeopleonacrowdedsubwayorbus.However,inwesterncountries,oldpeoplehave____32____lifestylesfromthoseinChina.Theydon’toftenlivewiththeirchildren—theylive____33____.Theydon’twanttogethelpfromothers.Theyevendon’twanttobeofferedseatsbyothers.Westerners____34____respectoldpeople.Forholidays,familiesusually____35____atthegrandparents’homes.Agreatsmileandawarmhugareenoughforgrownchildrentoshowtheirrespect.26．A．house B．festival C．partner D．relative27．A．boring B．simple C．special D．surprising28．A．love B．interest C．hope D．invitation29．A．stop B．express C．find D．refuse30．A．richest B．tallest C．oldest D．strongest31．A．offer B．lend C．sell D．take32．A．usual B．strange C．same D．different33．A．wisely B．easily C．a(chǎn)lone D．sadly34．A．still B．even C．only D．just35．A．growup B．getoff C．makeup D．gettogether【答案】26．B

27．C

28．A

29．B

30．C

31．A

32．D

33．C

34．A

35．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了中西方尊重老人的不同方式。26．句意：但是我們的祖父母有節(jié)日嗎？house房子；festival節(jié)日；partner伙伴；relative親戚。根據(jù)“Therearemanyfestivalsaroundtheworld”可知，詢問祖父母有沒有對(duì)應(yīng)的節(jié)日，故選B。27．句意：重陽(yáng)節(jié)是中國(guó)老年人的一個(gè)特殊節(jié)日。boring無(wú)聊的；simple簡(jiǎn)單的；special特別的；surprising令人驚訝的。根據(jù)“TheDoubleNinthFestivalisa…dayforoldpeopleinChina”可知，重陽(yáng)節(jié)是一個(gè)針對(duì)老年人的特別節(jié)日，故選C。28．句意：在這一天，人們表達(dá)對(duì)祖父母的愛和尊敬。love喜愛；interest興趣；hope希望；invitation邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)“Onthisday,peopleshow…andrespect(尊敬)fortheirgrandparents.”可知，重陽(yáng)節(jié)是對(duì)祖父母表達(dá)愛和尊敬的節(jié)日，故選A。29．句意：中國(guó)人表達(dá)敬意的方式有很多。stop停止；express表達(dá)；find找到；refuse重復(fù)使用。根據(jù)“show…andrespect(尊敬)fortheirgrandparents”可知，此處指表達(dá)尊敬有很多方法，故選B。30．句意：此外，人們是由年長(zhǎng)的介紹給年幼的。richest最富有的；tallest最高的；oldest最老的；strongest最強(qiáng)壯的。根據(jù)“peopleareintroducedfromthe…totheyoungest”可知，為了表達(dá)尊敬，是從年長(zhǎng)的開始介紹，故選C。31．句意：在擁擠的地鐵或公共汽車上，老人通常不用買票，年輕人總是給老人讓座。offer提供；lend借出；sell售賣；take帶走。根據(jù)下文“Theyevendon’twanttobeofferedseatsbyothers.”可知，此處指給老人讓座，offeraseat“讓座”，故選A。32．句意：然而，在西方國(guó)家，老年人的生活方式與中國(guó)的老年人不同。usual普通的；strange奇怪的；same相同的；different不同的。根據(jù)“Theydon’toftenlivewiththeirchildren…”可知，西方老年人的生活與中國(guó)的不同，故選D。33．句意：他們不經(jīng)常和孩子住在一起——他們獨(dú)自生活。wisely明智地；easily容易地；alone獨(dú)自；sadly難過地。根據(jù)“Theydon’toftenlivewiththeirchildren”可知，老年人獨(dú)自生活，