桂林理工大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院865翻譯與寫作歷年考研真題及詳解

目錄

2015年桂林理工大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解

2016年桂林理工大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解

2017年桂林理工大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解

2018年桂林理工大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解

2015年桂林理工大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院

865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解

Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)

1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)

(1)“難道這也是個癡丫頭，又像顰兒來葬花不成”？因又自笑道：“若真

也葬花，可謂東施效顰了；不但不為新奇，而且更是可厭。”

【參考譯文】

“CanthisbeanothermaidcomeheretoburyflowerslikeDaiyu?”He

wonderedinsomeamusement.“Ifso,she’sTungShihimitatingHsiShih,

whichisn’toriginalbutrathertiresome.”(HsiShihwasafamousbeautyin

theancientKingdomofYueh,TungShihwasanuglygirlwhotriedto

imitateherway.)

(2)誰能否認海的偉大呢？我愛海，并不僅僅因為她的顏色美麗，和藏

在海底那許多有趣的玩意兒，而是愛她的胸襟廣闊，化污穢為清潔。

【參考譯文】

Thereisnodenyingthemightinessofthesea.Ilovehernotonlybecauseshe

hasthebecautifulhuesandmanyintriguingobjectshiddendeepunderneath

her,butalsobecausesheisbroadandliberalenoughtoturnthefoulinto

pure.

(3)但我不能放歌，悄悄是別離的笙簫；夏蟲也為我沉默，沉默是今晚

的康橋。

【參考譯文】

ButIcan’tsingaloud,quietnessismyfarewellmusic;Evensummerinsects

heapsilenceforme,silentisCambridgetonight.

2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)

(1)Itwouldprovethatallisnotlost,thatthesunisgoingtorise,andthat

mencanstillhavehope.

【參考譯文】

可以證明，并非一切都完了，太陽依然會升起來，人們?nèi)匀挥邢Ｍ?/p>

(2)WhenItrytounderstandwhatitisthatpreventssomanyAmericansfrom

beingashappyasonemightexpect,itseemstomethattherearetwocauses,

ofwhichonegoesmuchdeeperthantheother.

【參考譯文】

當(dāng)我試圖去理解是什么阻擋了許多美國人得到他們應(yīng)有的快樂時，我發(fā)

現(xiàn)個中原因?qū)嵲诓簧佟?/p>

(3)I’veletthecatoutofthebagalready,Mr.Corthell,andImightaswell

tellthewholethingnow.

【參考譯文】

我已經(jīng)泄露了秘密，科塞先生，我干脆現(xiàn)在把全部情況都告訴你吧。

Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)

1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)

我每次過上海，多半是匆匆三五天，只有很少幾次是超過一星期的。像

一個雖常見面但無深交的熟人，不很了解，但其音容笑貌卻是難忘的。

上海是一個神秘的地方！我在宜興農(nóng)村的童年時代，每見到上海人回

鄉(xiāng)，也總愛擠在人叢中聽他們講講花花世界的見聞，夏天，他們穿著黑

色的香云紗，我以為香云紗就是上海人的標(biāo)志。在上海做事的人顯然

比鄉(xiāng)下人高貴多了，他們似乎很有錢，帶回來的整筒餅干和美女月份牌

就夠令人羨慕了，后來我才知道他們都是當(dāng)女工、小工和保姆的，掙

錢并不那么容易。和百分之九十九的鄉(xiāng)親們一樣，我的父母也從未見過

上海，雖然相距并不算遠，但上海對他們永遠是一個遙遠的天國。近幾

年我每到北站候車，總聽到地道的鄉(xiāng)音，年邁的鄉(xiāng)親們常來上海觀光

了，他們的子女在工廠、大學(xué)及科研單位工作，他們有福氣了。

外灘是大上海的面貌特征吧，南京路一帶的高樓大廈曾是上海人向鄉(xiāng)下

佬描述的驕傲。后來當(dāng)我在倫敦過了一個暑假，發(fā)現(xiàn)那文藝復(fù)興時代式

樣的古代樓房、那狹窄的街道，與南京路一帶何其相似！不是倫敦像南

京路，而是按照倫敦的某些模式捏造了南京路，讓人們回憶上海灘形成

的史跡吧！然而南京路還是有自己的特色的：人多。這可與北京的王

府井爭冠軍，爭世界冠軍去！

【參考譯文】

WheneverIpassedthroughShanghai,Iwouldstaythereforonlythreeor

fourdays,seldommorethanaweek.Sothecity,likeapersonwhoismoreof

anoddingacquaintancethanaclosefriendofmine,isstillratherunfamiliar

tome.Butitslookandvoiceareunforgettable.

Shanghaiisamysteriousplace!WhenIwasachildlivinginthecountryside

ofYixing,Iusedtoelbowmywayintoabigcrowdsoastolistento

someonelatelyreturnedfromShanghaichattingaboutthingshehadseenand

heardinthedazzlingcity.Tome,theirsummerwearofdark-colored

xiangyuanshawascharacteristicofaShanghailander.Evidently,thosewho

hadbeenworkinginShanghaienjoyedamuchhigherstatusthantheirfellow

villagers.Theyseemedtobequiterich.Thetinsofbiscuitsandwall

calendarswithpinupgirlsonthemtheyhadbroughthomeweretheenvyof

allcountryfolks.Later,Ilearned,however,thattheyhadbeenearningmoney

thehardwaybybecomingfactoryworkers,oldjobbersorhousemaids.Like

99percentofourfellowvillagers,myparentshadneverbeentoShanghai.

ThoughlivingnotremotefromShanghai,theyhadtoregarditasan

inaccessibleparadiseonearth.Inrecentyears,ofteninthewaitingroomof

ShanghaiNorthernRailwayStation,Ihaveoverheardsometravelers

speakingwithapureaccentofmynativeplace.Theyareapparentlyelderly

villagersfrommyhometownwho,thankstotheirchildrenworkinginlocal

factories,universitiesorresearchinstitutes,cannowwellaffordtovisitthe

cityonsight-seeingtours.

TheBundisamarkedfeatureofGreaterShanghai.Shanghailandersusedto

describetocountryfolkswithpridehowNanjingRoadislinedwithhigh-

rises.Later,whileIwasinLondonforasummervacation,Inoticedthe

remarkableresemblancebetweensomeofthenarrowstreetstherewiththeir

renaissance-styleancientbuildingsandNanjingRoad.ButIwouldrathersay

thatitisNanjingRoadthathasbeenmodeledafterLondon.Well,let’s

reviewthehistoryofShanghai!Nevertheless,NanjingRoadhasa

characteristicofitsown,thatit,streetcongestion.Inthisrespect,itcanvie

withWangfujingofBeijingforchampionship,orworldchampionship.

2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese(35points)

IfearIcannotpictureAmericaasaltogetheranElysium—perhaps,fromthe

ordinarystandpointIknowlittleaboutthecountry.Icannotgiveitslatitude

andlongitude;Icannotcomputethevalueofitsdrygoods,andIhaveno

verycloseacquaintancewithitspolitics.Thesearematterswhichmaynot

interestyou,andtheycertainlyarenotinterestingtome.

ThefirstthingthatstruckmeonlandinginAmericawasthatifthe

Americansarenotthemostwell-dressedpeopleintheworld,theyarethe

mostcomfortabledressed.Menareseentherewiththedreadfulchimney-pot

hat,butthereareveryfewhatlessmen;menweartheshockingswallow-tail

coat,butfewaretobeseenwithnocoatatall.Thereisanairofcomfortin

theappearanceofthepeoplewhichisamarkedcontrasttothatseeninthis

country;where,toooften,peopleareseeninclosecontactwithrags.

Thenextthingparticularlynoticeableisthateverybodyseemsinahurryto

catchatrain.Thisisstateofthingswhichisnotfavorabletopoetryor

romance.HadRomeoorJulietbeeninaconstantstateofanxietyabout

trains,orhadtheirmindsbeenagitatedbythequestionofreturn-ticket,

Shakespearecouldnothavegivenusthoselovelybalconysceneswhichare

sofullofpoetryandpathos.

【參考譯文】

我恐怕不能把美國描繪成十足的天堂——從一般的角度來說，我對這個

國家所知甚少。我說不出它的經(jīng)、緯度；我算不出來它出產(chǎn)谷物的價

值；我對它的政治也不十分熟悉。這些東西可能不會使你感興趣，當(dāng)然

也不會使我感興趣。

在美國上岸后得到第一個印象，就是美國人可能算不上是穿得最漂亮

的，但卻是穿得最舒服的民族。那里看得到頭頂不堪入目的煙囪是高頂

禮帽的男人，但很少有不戴帽子的男人；還看到穿著難看至極的燕尾服

的男人，但很少有不穿外套的男人。美國的穿戴透漏著舒適，這和在我

國?？梢钥吹降娜藗円律酪h褸的情形形成了鮮明的對比。

我特別注意到的第二個特點，是似乎每個人都在急著趕火車。這種情形

對詩歌和浪漫愛情是不利的。要是羅密歐和朱麗葉老是為乘火車而擔(dān)

心，或是為返程車票而煩惱，莎士比亞就不可能寫出那幾幕如此富有詩

意與傷感情調(diào)的陽臺戲了。

Ⅲ.Composition(50points)

Direction:Writeacompositionwithnolessthan400wordswiththetheme

of“上善若水”。

【參考范文】

VictorHugosaid:“Themostimportantqualityforamaniskindness.”Why

kindnessisimportant?Kindnessisonemostimportantqualityforhuman

beingdistinguishedfromtheanimal.Withoutkindness,thehumankindwill

beselfish,indifferent,andnotsympathy.Therearemanynewsabouthow

peopleunfilial,hurtothersmaliciously,corruptandmanyotherimmoralities.

Notonlytheyarelackofconsciencebutalsotheyhavenokindness.

Kindnessistounderstandeachother,careaboutothers.Akindpeoplewould

liketohelpothers.Hewouldnothurtothers.Kindnessisimportantfornot

onlypeoplebutalsoimportanttothecountryandtheworld.Ifcountrieshave

akindheart,therewon’tbewars,andthewholeworldcanbeinharmony

whichwillbenefiteveryone.

Weshouldbekindheartedandgenerous.“Ifyouhavemuch,giveyour

wealth.Ifyouhavelittle,giveyouheart”.Itisafamousproverbthatspeaks

thetruth.Itisalwaysnicetobewithyourfamily,watchingTVshows

together,anddrinkhotchocolate.However,therearemanyhomelesspeople,

orevenchildrenouttherethatareabandoned,orhavenowheretogo.They

deservehappinessandloveasmuchaswedo.Weshouldbekindheartedand

generous,andhelpthemout.Therearesimplethingswecandotomakeour

societybetter,suchus,Asmile,ahandshake,ahug,orevensaying“hello”to

thelessfortunatepeople.Wehavetoexpressourlovetothem,toshowthat

theyarecared.Inthatcase,wecanmaketheworldabetterplacetolivein

foroneandforall!

Kindnessisnotakindofaccomplishment,anditismorethanakindof

virtue.Tobekinddoesnotmeanbeingsotimid,itmeansmagnanimousby

keepinganopenmind.Tobekindshouldownthecharactersofbeingstrictto

yourselfandtreatingotherswithaheartfullofmercy.Easilyforgiving

yourselfisnotkindnessandit’sweaknessinstead.Italsointermsofpeople

totreatotherswithaheartfullofmercy.Howwidetheworldis,butthere

existssomethingwiderthanit.Itispeople’sheart.Weallknowthatkindnees

canmakeourjourneylighterandmoreenjoyable.Let’slearntobeakind

person.

【解析】

本文第一段引入了“上善若水”這一主題；第二段闡述了善良的重要性；

第三段闡述了我們該如何做到善良；第四段總結(jié)全文呼吁大家做一個善

良的人。

2016年桂林理工大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院

865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解

Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)

1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)

(1)進入桂花公園，陣陣桂香撲鼻而來。滿樹金花、芳香四溢的金桂；

花白如雪、香氣撲鼻的銀桂；紅里透黃、花多味濃的紫砂桂：花色似

銀、季季有花的四季桂，競相開放，爭妍媲美。

【參考譯文】

TheparkofSweetOsmanthusisnotedforitsprofusionofosmanthustrees.

Flowersfromthesetreesindifferentcolorsareinfullbloomwhichpervade

thewholegaedenwiththefragranceoftheirblossoms.

(2)我更愛躺在潔凈輕柔的細沙上，靜聽著海潮的傾訴；當(dāng)微風(fēng)輕輕地

從我身邊掠過，那種又清涼又輕松的感覺，真是舒適極了，甜美極了！

【參考譯文】

I’mevenmoreinclinedtolieonthecleanandsoftsandybeachandlisten

quietlytotheseaunbosomingitself.Howcomfortableandrefreshediwillbe

tofeelthecoolgentleseabreezebrushingpastme!

(3)鼓起勇氣，做你的心指引你去做的事吧！這樣你就不會因為沒有做

而日后生出悔恨。

【參考譯文】

Screwupyourcouragetodosomethingtofollowyoursoul,leavingnoregret

fornevertryinginthefuture.

2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)

(1)Mr.Somerville—amostdelightfulman,towhommydebtisgreat—was

chargedwiththedutyofteachingthestupidestboysthemostdisregarded

thing—namely,towritemereEnglish.

【參考譯文】

薩默維爾先生，一位很和藹可親，令我感激不盡的老師，負責(zé)教最愚笨

的學(xué)生最受忽視的課程，即用英文寫作。

(2)Thetimecouldhavebeenmoreprofitablyspentinmakingadetailed

investigation.

【參考譯文】

如果當(dāng)初把時間花在細致的調(diào)查研究上，益處就更多了。

(3)ItisquiteunderstandablethattheUnitedNations,havingnolifeexcept

thatwhichitsmembersgivetoit,shouldshowevidenceofthemaladiesthat

ispresentintheworldtoday.

【參考譯文】

正因為聯(lián)合國的生命是它的成員國賦予的，因此聯(lián)合國也呈現(xiàn)出今天世

界上所存在的各種病癥，這是完全可以理解的。

Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)

1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)

毛澤東預(yù)測說這場戰(zhàn)爭將會持久而艱難。歷史上武裝斗爭的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人不向

其追隨者許諾速勝者可謂鳳毛麟角，毛澤東肯定是其中之一。他的坦率

事先消除了人們破碎夢幻中的失敗主義情緒。另一方面，毛澤東正確地

估計了進行革命動員后以中國的人力和物資資源為后盾的強大的持久

力，從而有助于增強人們更為持久的自信。他指明了中國的民族戰(zhàn)爭在

融入世界戰(zhàn)爭之前為了支撐下去而將不得不釆取的那種戰(zhàn)略和策略，這

場戰(zhàn)爭包括日本對英國人、法國人、荷蘭人以及美國人的進攻。他警告

說世界戰(zhàn)爭是不可避免的，雖然當(dāng)時許多歐洲人和美國人并不這么認

為。

【參考譯文】

MaoZedongpredictedthatthewarwouldbelongandtough.MaoZedongis

certainlyoneofthefewleadersofarmedstruggleinhistorywhodidnot

promisetheirfollowersaquickvictory.Hisfranknessdispelleddefeatist

feelingsinbrokendreamsbeforehand.Ontheotherhand,MaoZedong

correctlyestimatedthegreatenduringpowerofrevolutionarymobilization

backedbyChina’shumanandmaterialresources,thushelpingtobuild

people’smoreenduringconfidence.Hepointedoutthekindofstrategiesand

tacticsthatChina’snationalwarwouldhavetoemploytosustainitselfbefore

itcouldbeintegratedintotheworldwar,whichincludedJapaneseattackson

theBritish,theFrench,theDutch,andtheAmericans.Hewarnedthatworld

warwasinevitable,thoughmanyEuropeansandAmericansdidnotthinkso

atthattime.

2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese(35points)

Themenwhofoundedmodernsciencehadtwomeritswhicharenot

necessarilyfoundtogether:immensepatienceinobservation,andgreat

boldnessinframinghypothesis.Thesecondofthesemeritshadbelongedto

theearliestGreekphilosophers;thefirstexisted,toaconsiderabledegree,in

thelaterastronomersofantiquity.Butnooneamongtheancients,except

perhapsAristarchus,possessedbothmerits,andnooneintheMiddleAges

possessedeither.Copernicus,likehisgreatsuccessors,possessedboth.He

knewallthatcouldbeknown,withtheinstrumentsexistinginhisday,about

theapparentmotionsoftheheavenlybodiesonthecelestialsphere,andhe

perceivedthatthediurnalrotationoftheearthwasamoreeconomical

hypothesisthantherevolutionofallthecelestialspheres.

Apartfromtherevolutionaryeffectoncosmicimagination,thegreatmerits

ofthenewastronomyweretwo:first,therecognitionthatwhathadbeen

believedsinceancienttimesmightbefalse;second,thatthetestofscientific

truthispatientcollectionoffacts,combinedwithboldguessingastolaws

bindingthefactstogether.NeithermeritissofullydevelopedinCopernicus

asinhissuccessors,butbotharealreadypresentinahighdegreeinhiswork.

【參考譯文】

創(chuàng)立近代科學(xué)的那些人有兩種不一定并存的長處：做觀察時十分耐心，

設(shè)假說時有大無畏精神。其中第二種長處最早期的希臘哲學(xué)家先前曾有

過，第一種長處在古代晚期的天文家身上也有相當(dāng)程度的表現(xiàn)。但是在

古代人中間，也許除亞里士達克外，沒有人同時具備這兩種長處，而中

世紀(jì)的時候更無人具備任何一種。哥白尼像他的一些偉大后繼者，兩者

兼有。關(guān)于各天體在天球上的外觀運動，用當(dāng)時所有的儀器所能知道的

一切他都知道；并且他認識到，地球每日自轉(zhuǎn)一周這種講法和所有天體

旋轉(zhuǎn)這種講法比起來，是個較簡便的假說。

除了對宇宙想象的革命性影響之外，新天文學(xué)的巨大優(yōu)點有兩點：第

一，認識到自古以來人們所相信的可能是錯誤的；第二，對科學(xué)真理的

檢驗是耐心地收集事實，并大膽猜測把事實結(jié)合在一起的規(guī)律。這兩種

優(yōu)點在哥白尼身上都沒有像在他的繼任者身上那樣得到充分發(fā)揮，但在

他的作品中，這兩種優(yōu)點都已經(jīng)得到了高度的體現(xiàn)。

Ⅲ.Composition(50points)

Direction:Writeacompositionwithnolessthan400wordswiththetitleof

“RealFriend”.

【參考范文】

RealFriend

Friendsareveryimportantforus.Whenweareintrouble,weneedfriendsto

offerusanencouragementandhelp.Weallliketomakefriends,becauseno

onecansurvivewithoutafriend.Indeed,wemakefriendsindifferentstage,

evenweareold,westillmakefriends.Thus,onemayhavelotsoffriends.

However,notallfriendsarerealfriens.

Everyoneneedsafriend,becausewearenottheonlyoneintheworld.We

needsomeonetotalktoandshareourhappinessandsorrow.Afriendis

someonewhowecantrust,wedon’thavetohideourselvesandjustwhowe

are.Wewillfeelcomfortablewiththem.Whenweareintrouble,wewill

thinkofthemandtheywillcometohelp.Formillionsofyears,peoplehave

heapedbeautifulversesandessaysuponfriendship.Yet,they,too,have

mercilesslyaccusedfalsefriendship,fortherearealwayssomemean

characterswhoapproachedyouandactasdearfriendswhenyouarewealthy

orinfluential,butdesertorevenbetrayyoutheinstantyoucomedowninthe

worldorareentrappedbyunfortunatethings.Therefore,peopleallattach

greatimportancetotherecognitionoftruefriendship.

Whatisarealfriend?Still,itisnaturalthatdifferentpeopleobservedifferent

principlesinmakingfriends.Someviewitimportanttomakefriendswith

whomtheymaysharesimilarinterestsorhobbieswith.Iamofthosewho

thinkverylittleofsimilarityorpositionorpower.Solongasapersonhasa

heartofgold,beingselflessandhonest,Iamwillingtomakefriendswith

himorher,givemyduesupportandhelp,andremainfaithfultohimorher

allmylife.Afaithfulfriendisconsideredevenmorepreciousthanapriceless

pearlorapreciousstone.

Astheoldsayingsays,“afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”Knowinghow

valuablefriendshipis,weshouldbeverycarefulinmakingfriends.Real

friendsarethosewhohavegoodcharacter,superiorabilityandkindnessof

heart.Realfriendscansharealloursorrowsanddoubleallourjoys.While

makingfriends,weshouldtakecaretoselectthosewhohavesuchfine

qualities.Thenweshouldtreatourfriendswithcourtesy,becarefulnotto

interfereunreasonablywiththem,andnottoridiculetheirproceedings.We

shouldforgivetheirfailuresanddoourbesttohelpthem.Inshort,whenwe

haveestablishedfriendship,weoughttocherishandtreasureitbymeansof

wordsanddeeds.Onlythus,canwedeveloprealfriendshipandkeepthe

sacredlampoffriendshipburningallourlife.

【解析】

本文第一段引出“朋友”這一主題；第二段闡述了“虛假朋友”的存在；第

三段過渡引出“真正的朋友”這一概念；第四段總結(jié)升華主旨，教我們?nèi)?/p>

何建立真正的友誼。

2017年桂林理工大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院

865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解

Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)

1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)

(1)從前線回來的人說起白求恩，沒有一個不佩服，沒有一個不為他的

精神所感動。

【參考譯文】

Noonewhoreturnedfromthefrontfailedtoexpressadmirationforthe

Bethunewheneverhisnamewasmentionedandnoneremainedunmovedby

hisaction.

(2)孔乙己不回答，對柜里說，“溫兩碗酒，要一碟茴香豆”，便排出九

文大錢。

【參考譯文】

KongYijididnotanswer,hesaidtothewaiter,“warmtwobowlsofwine,

andIwantadishoffennelbeans”,thenhegaveninecoins.

(3)欲把西湖比西子，淡妝濃抹總相宜。

【參考譯文】

TheWestLakelookslikethefairladyatherbest.Whethersheisrichly

adornedorplainlydressed.

2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)

(1)BeforemygraduationfromColumbia,thefamilymetwithsevere

financialreversesandIfeltitmydutytoleavecollegeandtakeajob.

【參考譯文】

在我還沒來得及從哥倫比亞大學(xué)畢業(yè)前，家里遭遇了嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟困難。

我深知作為家中的一員，自己有責(zé)任幫助家里擺脫困境，于是退學(xué)去找

了一份工作。

(2)Theyhavedevelopedabiodegradablematerialthatcanabsorb5,000

timesitsweightinwater,2.5timesthecapacityofearlierexperimental

materials.

【參考譯文】

他們已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種生物可降解材料，在水里可以吸收自身5000倍的重

量，是早期實驗材料的2.5倍。

(3)Mr.Bennetwassooddamixtureofquickparts,sarcastichumor,reserve

andcaprice,thattheexperienceofthreeandtwentyyearshadbeen

insufficienttomakehiswifeunderstandhischaracter.

【參考譯文】

本內(nèi)特先生是這樣的一個混合物，反應(yīng)很快，諷刺而又幽默，不太講

話，變化無常，以至于二十又三年的經(jīng)驗都不足以使他的妻子懂得他的

性格。

Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)

1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)

書房，是讀書人心目中的一個私人領(lǐng)地，一個精神家園，一個智慧的世

界。到過幾位朋友家的書房，盡管大小各不相同，陳設(shè)各異，但四壁書

櫥架上，層層疊疊的書籍，或排成整齊的行列，或縱橫交錯如阡陌叢

林，滿屋子到處都是書，則大體相同。新時期以來，各種多卷本全套硬

面精裝的文集，形形色色的選集，足以令書房生輝。其間不乏名著佳

作，可作為文化積累，但也難免混雜一些文化垃圾。當(dāng)然，這些都無礙

于書房主人坐擁書城之樂。

書房永遠是令人向往的去處。我從事筆耕數(shù)十年，從來沒有一間自己的

書房，一間獨立的、完整的、名副其實的書房。

【參考譯文】

Thestudyistoascholarhisprivatedomain,hisspiritualhomeandhis

intellectualworld.I’vebeentothestudiesofseveralfriends.Thoughof

differentsizesandwithdifferentfurnishings,theyareneverthelessaboutthe

sameinboastingaroomfulofbooks.Booksshelvedinbookcasesliningthe

fourwalls.Bookseitherpileduponeuponanother,ordisplayedinneatrows,

orlaidoutindisorderlikefieldswithcrisscrossfootpathsorajungle.In

recentyears,theappearanceofvariousmultivolumecollectedworksin

deluxeeditionsaswellasselectedworksofeverydescriptionhasaddedto

thesplendorofastudy.Amongthemthereisnolackofgreatclassicsand

masterwritings.Ontheotherhand,sometrashisinevitablymixedwiththem

too.Butthatdoesn’thindertheownerofthestudyfromenjoyingthe

companyofhislibrary.

Astudyisalwaysaplaceofenormousappealtous.I’vebeenengagedin

writingforseveraldecades,butI’veneverhadastudyofmyown–astudy

thatisindependent,intactandtruetoitsname,thatis.

2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese(35points)

Weareallthroughourlives,aburdentoothers.Fromthemomentof

conception,wearenourishedandnurturedbyothers.Asadultswelearnto

payforornegotiateourmutualneeds,butthefactremainsthatittakesan

invisiblearmyofotherpeopletogrowourfood,cleanourclothes,maintain

ourroads,fuelourfurnaces.Whenwemarry,weacceptanother’spledgeto

stickwithusinsicknessandhealth,prosperityandpoverty.Theyloadwelay

onothersonlybecomesmorevisible,lessdeniable,asweage.

Ourstillrelativelynewculture,whichmakesbothlivinganywhereandliving

longerpossible,willnodoubtdevoteagooddealofpublicresourcesand

privateenergyinthenearfuturetofiguringouthowbesttocareforitsolder

members.ShouldIliveanother20years,Iwillbeaburden—tomyspouseor

mychildrenorthestate,ifnotallthree.WhatImostwanttolearnduring

decades,therefore,isnothowtolivelonger,notnecessarilyevenhowlivea

healthierormoreproductivelife,buthowbesttobeaburden.Onethatmight

alsobeablessing.

【參考譯文】

我們的一生，都是別人的負擔(dān)。從懷孕的那一刻起，我們就被別人滋養(yǎng)

著。作為成年人，我們學(xué)會了為彼此的需求買單或進行談判，但事實仍

然是，我們需要一支他人組成的無形的大軍來種植食物、清潔衣服、修

路、給爐子加燃料。當(dāng)我們結(jié)婚時，我們接受另一個人的承諾，無論疾

病與健康、繁榮與貧窮都與我們相伴。隨著年齡的增長，我們對他人施

加的壓力只會變得更明顯、更不容否認。

在不久的將來，我們?nèi)匀幌鄬^新的文化無疑會投入大量的公共資源和

私人精力來研究如何最好地照顧老年人。如果我再活20年，我將成為我

的配偶、孩子或國家的負擔(dān)，如果不是全部的話。因此，在過去的幾十

年里，我最想學(xué)習(xí)的不是如何活得更長，甚至不一定是如何活得更健康

或更富有成效，而是如何成為最好的負擔(dān)。這也可能是一種祝福。

Ⅲ.Composition(50points)

Direction:Writeacompositionwithnolessthan400wordswiththetitleof

“UniversityStudents’Innovation.”

【參考范文】

UniversityStudents’Innovation

Inrecentyears,thecreativityofuniversitystudentsisalwaysmentioned

becauseofthefactthatitisgenerallyacceptedthatcollegestudentsare

largelydeficientofthecreativeabilities.Itseemsthatanincreasingamount

ofthestudentsaremerelysatisfiedwithcomprehendingorevencopying

others’thinkings,ideasorachivementsratherthandevelopingsomething

newoftheirown.

Themainreasonthatgivesrisetotheissuereferedabove,inmyview,isthat

collegeshavenotfullyfulfilledtheirresponsibilitiestocultivategeneral,

creativeandqualifiedstuentsandtheuniversitystudentsarenotactivein

innivativeactivities.Allofthesecolleges’attentionareonthebasisofthe

tests,whichforcesthestudentsstudymorefortheirgradesthanfortheir

synchronizedqualities.Asaresult,moststudentshavenoenoughtimeand

energytopractisetheircreativeabilities.Thereisnodoubtinsayingthat

withoutinnovation,wewilllackthecompetenceweneedtohaveafoothold

insociety.Therefore,onlythroughinnovationcanwemakeourselves

competentandcompetitive.Owingtotheseriousissueswehavetoconfront

with,thewholesocietyshouldtakemeasurestosolveit.

Collegesaresupposedtopaymoreattentiononthequalityeducation.

Therefore,Istronglysuggestthatschoolauthoritiestakesomeactionsto

cultivatestudents’scientificandtechnologicalinnovationcapacities.First,

schoolauthoritiesshouldestablishastudents’scientificandtechnological

innovationcenteranddevelopsomeprogramsthatfacilitateinnovation

activities.Secondly,asteachersplayanessentialroleingeneratingnew

technologyandnewresearchapproachesintheirin-classinstructionand

createanenvironmentforinnivation-orientedlearning,theyaresupposedto

takeactivemeasurestocreatesuchchannels.Thirdly,someleturetopics

shouldfocusonfosteringthetransformationofknowledgeintotheproducts,

processes,systemsandservicesthatfueleconomicdevelopment,create

wealthandgenerateimprovementsinthestandardofliving.Collegesand

universitiesaremakinggoodeffortstostrengthentheeducationofcollege

studentsininnovationandentrepreneurship,helpingthemsetupthethoughts

ofinnovationandentrepreneurshipandcultivatingtheirconsciousnessof

innovationandentrepreneurship,whichmeetstherequirementsof

developmentoftheeraandthedemandofmarketeconomydevelopment,and

alsoistheinevitablechoicefortheinnovation-orientedconstructionofour

country.Atpresent,thetraditionaleducationmodeofuniversitiesand

collegesareraisingtheirconsciousnessofinnovation.

Innovationcomesfromhands-onpractise.Thus,inthecontextoftheir

ability,schoolsshouldoperatemoreexperimentalcourse.Letstudentsdo

hands-onpracticeandletthemdiscoverandsolvetheproblemsduringthe

processofpractice.Anditishightimethatweshouldsetourmindfreeand

strideforwardtomakeoueselvesjointhestreamofinnovation.

【解析】

本文第一段介紹了大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新的現(xiàn)狀；第二段闡釋了這一現(xiàn)狀存在的原

因；第三段闡述了解決問題的措施；第四段總結(jié)升華主題。

2018年桂林理工大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院

865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解

Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)

1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)

(1)他讀了很多書，古今中外都有。

【參考譯文】

Hereadallkindsofbooks,ancientandmodern,Chineseandforeign.

(2)交翻譯之前，必須讀幾遍，看看有沒有需要修改的地方。

【參考譯文】

Beforehandinginyourtranslation,youhavetoreaditoverandoveragain

andseeifthereisanythinginittobecorrectedorimproved.

(3)這些價值觀和孔子宣揚的一些思想有很多相同之處，孔子的思想強

調(diào)的是中庸適度。

【參考譯文】

Thesevalueshavemuchincommonwithsomeofthevirtuesof

Confucianism,theChinesephilosophythatstressesmoderation.

2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)

(1)Anthropologistshavediscoveredthatfear,happiness,sadness,and

surpriseareuniversallyreflectedinfacialexpressions.

【參考譯文】

人類學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，恐懼、快樂、憂傷和驚奇都會行之于色，這在全人

類是共通的。

(2)Itismoredifficulttowritesimply,directly,andeffectivelythanto

employflowerybutvagueexpressionsthatonlyobscureone’smeaning.

【參考譯文】

簡單、直接、有效的表達比采用華麗的辭藻含糊的表達更困難，后者只

是含糊的表達某人的意圖。

(3)Thedevelopmentofmechanicaltimepiecesspurredthesearchformore

accuratesundialswithwhichtoregulatethem.

【參考譯文】

機械計時器的發(fā)展促使人們尋求更精確的日晷，以便校準(zhǔn)機械計時器。

Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)

1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)

小巷的動人之處就是它無比的悠閑。無論誰，只要你到巷里去躑躅一

會，你的心情就會如巷尾不波的古井，那是一種和平的靜穆，而不是陰

森和肅殺。它鬧中取靜，別有天地，仍是人間。它可能是一條現(xiàn)代的烏

衣巷，家家有自己的一本哀樂帳一部興衰史，可是重門疊戶，諱莫如

深。夕陽影里，野花閑草，燕子低飛，尋覓歸家。只是一片澄明如水的

氣氛，凈化一切，籠罩一切，使人忘憂。

巷，是人海洶洶中的一道避風(fēng)塘，給人帶來安全感；是城市擾攘中的一

帶洞天幽靜，勝似皇家閣道，便于平常百姓徘徊徜徉。愛逐臭爭利，錙

銖必較的，請到長街鬧市去；愛輕嘴薄舌的，爭是論非的，請到茶館酒

樓去；愛鑼鼓鉦鏜，管弦嗷嘈的，請到歌臺劇院去：愛寧靜淡泊，沉思

默想的，深深的小巷在歡迎你。

【參考譯文】

Thecharmofthealleyliesinitsabsoluteserenity.Nomatterwhoyouare,if

youloiteraroundinthelaneforawhile,yourmindwillbecomeasunruffled

astheancientwellattheendofthelane.Thereyouwillexperienceakindof

peacefulcalmnessratherthangloomysternness.Therereignspeaceandquiet

inthemidstofnoisybustle.Itisaworldofitsownonearth.Itmaybea

modernversionofWuyiXiang,aspecialresidentialareaofnobilityintheJin

dynastysoutheastoftoday’sNanjing,whereeachfamily,secludedbehind

closeddoors,hasitsowncovered-upstoryofjoysandsorrows,andriseand

decline.Whenthesunissetting,swallowswillflylowoverwildflowersand

grassontheirwaytotheirnests.Theall-pervadingandall-purifying

atmosphereofwater-likeplacidnessmakesoneforgetallcaresandworries.

Thelaneisasafehavenforthosestrugglingintheturbulentseaofhumansto

enjoyasenseofsecurity.Itisaheavenlyabodeinthemidstofconfusion.

Unliketheerstwhileplank-pavedpathusedexclusivelybytheimperial

familyfortheirvehiclestomoveonsmoothly,thelaneisplaceforthe

commonpeopletoroamaboutleisurely.Thosewhostriveafterfameand

gain,andhaggleovereverypenny,pleasegotothedowntownarea!Those

whoaresharp-tonguedandquarrelsome,pleasegototheteahouseor

restaurant!Thosewholovedeafeninggongsanddrumsaswellasnoisywind

andstringinstruments,pleasegototheoperahouseo