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目錄
2015年桂林理工大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解
2016年桂林理工大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解
2017年桂林理工大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解
2018年桂林理工大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解
2015年桂林理工大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院
865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解
Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)
1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)
(1)“難道這也是個(gè)癡丫頭,又像顰兒來(lái)葬花不成”?因又自笑道:“若真
也葬花,可謂東施效顰了;不但不為新奇,而且更是可厭。”
【參考譯文】
“CanthisbeanothermaidcomeheretoburyflowerslikeDaiyu?”He
wonderedinsomeamusement.“Ifso,she’sTungShihimitatingHsiShih,
whichisn’toriginalbutrathertiresome.”(HsiShihwasafamousbeautyin
theancientKingdomofYueh,TungShihwasanuglygirlwhotriedto
imitateherway.)
(2)誰(shuí)能否認(rèn)海的偉大呢?我愛(ài)海,并不僅僅因?yàn)樗念伾利?,和?/p>
在海底那許多有趣的玩意兒,而是愛(ài)她的胸襟廣闊,化污穢為清潔。
【參考譯文】
Thereisnodenyingthemightinessofthesea.Ilovehernotonlybecauseshe
hasthebecautifulhuesandmanyintriguingobjectshiddendeepunderneath
her,butalsobecausesheisbroadandliberalenoughtoturnthefoulinto
pure.
(3)但我不能放歌,悄悄是別離的笙簫;夏蟲也為我沉默,沉默是今晚
的康橋。
【參考譯文】
ButIcan’tsingaloud,quietnessismyfarewellmusic;Evensummerinsects
heapsilenceforme,silentisCambridgetonight.
2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)
(1)Itwouldprovethatallisnotlost,thatthesunisgoingtorise,andthat
mencanstillhavehope.
【參考譯文】
可以證明,并非一切都完了,太陽(yáng)依然會(huì)升起來(lái),人們?nèi)匀挥邢M?/p>
(2)WhenItrytounderstandwhatitisthatpreventssomanyAmericansfrom
beingashappyasonemightexpect,itseemstomethattherearetwocauses,
ofwhichonegoesmuchdeeperthantheother.
【參考譯文】
當(dāng)我試圖去理解是什么阻擋了許多美國(guó)人得到他們應(yīng)有的快樂(lè)時(shí),我發(fā)
現(xiàn)個(gè)中原因?qū)嵲诓簧佟?/p>
(3)I’veletthecatoutofthebagalready,Mr.Corthell,andImightaswell
tellthewholethingnow.
【參考譯文】
我已經(jīng)泄露了秘密,科塞先生,我干脆現(xiàn)在把全部情況都告訴你吧。
Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)
1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)
我每次過(guò)上海,多半是匆匆三五天,只有很少幾次是超過(guò)一星期的。像
一個(gè)雖常見面但無(wú)深交的熟人,不很了解,但其音容笑貌卻是難忘的。
上海是一個(gè)神秘的地方!我在宜興農(nóng)村的童年時(shí)代,每見到上海人回
鄉(xiāng),也總愛(ài)擠在人叢中聽他們講講花花世界的見聞,夏天,他們穿著黑
色的香云紗,我以為香云紗就是上海人的標(biāo)志。在上海做事的人顯然
比鄉(xiāng)下人高貴多了,他們似乎很有錢,帶回來(lái)的整筒餅干和美女月份牌
就夠令人羨慕了,后來(lái)我才知道他們都是當(dāng)女工、小工和保姆的,掙
錢并不那么容易。和百分之九十九的鄉(xiāng)親們一樣,我的父母也從未見過(guò)
上海,雖然相距并不算遠(yuǎn),但上海對(duì)他們永遠(yuǎn)是一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的天國(guó)。近幾
年我每到北站候車,總聽到地道的鄉(xiāng)音,年邁的鄉(xiāng)親們常來(lái)上海觀光
了,他們的子女在工廠、大學(xué)及科研單位工作,他們有福氣了。
外灘是大上海的面貌特征吧,南京路一帶的高樓大廈曾是上海人向鄉(xiāng)下
佬描述的驕傲。后來(lái)當(dāng)我在倫敦過(guò)了一個(gè)暑假,發(fā)現(xiàn)那文藝復(fù)興時(shí)代式
樣的古代樓房、那狹窄的街道,與南京路一帶何其相似!不是倫敦像南
京路,而是按照倫敦的某些模式捏造了南京路,讓人們回憶上海灘形成
的史跡吧!然而南京路還是有自己的特色的:人多。這可與北京的王
府井爭(zhēng)冠軍,爭(zhēng)世界冠軍去!
【參考譯文】
WheneverIpassedthroughShanghai,Iwouldstaythereforonlythreeor
fourdays,seldommorethanaweek.Sothecity,likeapersonwhoismoreof
anoddingacquaintancethanaclosefriendofmine,isstillratherunfamiliar
tome.Butitslookandvoiceareunforgettable.
Shanghaiisamysteriousplace!WhenIwasachildlivinginthecountryside
ofYixing,Iusedtoelbowmywayintoabigcrowdsoastolistento
someonelatelyreturnedfromShanghaichattingaboutthingshehadseenand
heardinthedazzlingcity.Tome,theirsummerwearofdark-colored
xiangyuanshawascharacteristicofaShanghailander.Evidently,thosewho
hadbeenworkinginShanghaienjoyedamuchhigherstatusthantheirfellow
villagers.Theyseemedtobequiterich.Thetinsofbiscuitsandwall
calendarswithpinupgirlsonthemtheyhadbroughthomeweretheenvyof
allcountryfolks.Later,Ilearned,however,thattheyhadbeenearningmoney
thehardwaybybecomingfactoryworkers,oldjobbersorhousemaids.Like
99percentofourfellowvillagers,myparentshadneverbeentoShanghai.
ThoughlivingnotremotefromShanghai,theyhadtoregarditasan
inaccessibleparadiseonearth.Inrecentyears,ofteninthewaitingroomof
ShanghaiNorthernRailwayStation,Ihaveoverheardsometravelers
speakingwithapureaccentofmynativeplace.Theyareapparentlyelderly
villagersfrommyhometownwho,thankstotheirchildrenworkinginlocal
factories,universitiesorresearchinstitutes,cannowwellaffordtovisitthe
cityonsight-seeingtours.
TheBundisamarkedfeatureofGreaterShanghai.Shanghailandersusedto
describetocountryfolkswithpridehowNanjingRoadislinedwithhigh-
rises.Later,whileIwasinLondonforasummervacation,Inoticedthe
remarkableresemblancebetweensomeofthenarrowstreetstherewiththeir
renaissance-styleancientbuildingsandNanjingRoad.ButIwouldrathersay
thatitisNanjingRoadthathasbeenmodeledafterLondon.Well,let’s
reviewthehistoryofShanghai!Nevertheless,NanjingRoadhasa
characteristicofitsown,thatit,streetcongestion.Inthisrespect,itcanvie
withWangfujingofBeijingforchampionship,orworldchampionship.
2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese(35points)
IfearIcannotpictureAmericaasaltogetheranElysium—perhaps,fromthe
ordinarystandpointIknowlittleaboutthecountry.Icannotgiveitslatitude
andlongitude;Icannotcomputethevalueofitsdrygoods,andIhaveno
verycloseacquaintancewithitspolitics.Thesearematterswhichmaynot
interestyou,andtheycertainlyarenotinterestingtome.
ThefirstthingthatstruckmeonlandinginAmericawasthatifthe
Americansarenotthemostwell-dressedpeopleintheworld,theyarethe
mostcomfortabledressed.Menareseentherewiththedreadfulchimney-pot
hat,butthereareveryfewhatlessmen;menweartheshockingswallow-tail
coat,butfewaretobeseenwithnocoatatall.Thereisanairofcomfortin
theappearanceofthepeoplewhichisamarkedcontrasttothatseeninthis
country;where,toooften,peopleareseeninclosecontactwithrags.
Thenextthingparticularlynoticeableisthateverybodyseemsinahurryto
catchatrain.Thisisstateofthingswhichisnotfavorabletopoetryor
romance.HadRomeoorJulietbeeninaconstantstateofanxietyabout
trains,orhadtheirmindsbeenagitatedbythequestionofreturn-ticket,
Shakespearecouldnothavegivenusthoselovelybalconysceneswhichare
sofullofpoetryandpathos.
【參考譯文】
我恐怕不能把美國(guó)描繪成十足的天堂——從一般的角度來(lái)說(shuō),我對(duì)這個(gè)
國(guó)家所知甚少。我說(shuō)不出它的經(jīng)、緯度;我算不出來(lái)它出產(chǎn)谷物的價(jià)
值;我對(duì)它的政治也不十分熟悉。這些東西可能不會(huì)使你感興趣,當(dāng)然
也不會(huì)使我感興趣。
在美國(guó)上岸后得到第一個(gè)印象,就是美國(guó)人可能算不上是穿得最漂亮
的,但卻是穿得最舒服的民族。那里看得到頭頂不堪入目的煙囪是高頂
禮帽的男人,但很少有不戴帽子的男人;還看到穿著難看至極的燕尾服
的男人,但很少有不穿外套的男人。美國(guó)的穿戴透漏著舒適,這和在我
國(guó)??梢钥吹降娜藗円律酪h褸的情形形成了鮮明的對(duì)比。
我特別注意到的第二個(gè)特點(diǎn),是似乎每個(gè)人都在急著趕火車。這種情形
對(duì)詩(shī)歌和浪漫愛(ài)情是不利的。要是羅密歐和朱麗葉老是為乘火車而擔(dān)
心,或是為返程車票而煩惱,莎士比亞就不可能寫出那幾幕如此富有詩(shī)
意與傷感情調(diào)的陽(yáng)臺(tái)戲了。
Ⅲ.Composition(50points)
Direction:Writeacompositionwithnolessthan400wordswiththetheme
of“上善若水”。
【參考范文】
VictorHugosaid:“Themostimportantqualityforamaniskindness.”Why
kindnessisimportant?Kindnessisonemostimportantqualityforhuman
beingdistinguishedfromtheanimal.Withoutkindness,thehumankindwill
beselfish,indifferent,andnotsympathy.Therearemanynewsabouthow
peopleunfilial,hurtothersmaliciously,corruptandmanyotherimmoralities.
Notonlytheyarelackofconsciencebutalsotheyhavenokindness.
Kindnessistounderstandeachother,careaboutothers.Akindpeoplewould
liketohelpothers.Hewouldnothurtothers.Kindnessisimportantfornot
onlypeoplebutalsoimportanttothecountryandtheworld.Ifcountrieshave
akindheart,therewon’tbewars,andthewholeworldcanbeinharmony
whichwillbenefiteveryone.
Weshouldbekindheartedandgenerous.“Ifyouhavemuch,giveyour
wealth.Ifyouhavelittle,giveyouheart”.Itisafamousproverbthatspeaks
thetruth.Itisalwaysnicetobewithyourfamily,watchingTVshows
together,anddrinkhotchocolate.However,therearemanyhomelesspeople,
orevenchildrenouttherethatareabandoned,orhavenowheretogo.They
deservehappinessandloveasmuchaswedo.Weshouldbekindheartedand
generous,andhelpthemout.Therearesimplethingswecandotomakeour
societybetter,suchus,Asmile,ahandshake,ahug,orevensaying“hello”to
thelessfortunatepeople.Wehavetoexpressourlovetothem,toshowthat
theyarecared.Inthatcase,wecanmaketheworldabetterplacetolivein
foroneandforall!
Kindnessisnotakindofaccomplishment,anditismorethanakindof
virtue.Tobekinddoesnotmeanbeingsotimid,itmeansmagnanimousby
keepinganopenmind.Tobekindshouldownthecharactersofbeingstrictto
yourselfandtreatingotherswithaheartfullofmercy.Easilyforgiving
yourselfisnotkindnessandit’sweaknessinstead.Italsointermsofpeople
totreatotherswithaheartfullofmercy.Howwidetheworldis,butthere
existssomethingwiderthanit.Itispeople’sheart.Weallknowthatkindnees
canmakeourjourneylighterandmoreenjoyable.Let’slearntobeakind
person.
【解析】
本文第一段引入了“上善若水”這一主題;第二段闡述了善良的重要性;
第三段闡述了我們?cè)撊绾巫龅缴屏?;第四段總結(jié)全文呼吁大家做一個(gè)善
良的人。
2016年桂林理工大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院
865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解
Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)
1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)
(1)進(jìn)入桂花公園,陣陣桂香撲鼻而來(lái)。滿樹金花、芳香四溢的金桂;
花白如雪、香氣撲鼻的銀桂;紅里透黃、花多味濃的紫砂桂:花色似
銀、季季有花的四季桂,競(jìng)相開放,爭(zhēng)妍媲美。
【參考譯文】
TheparkofSweetOsmanthusisnotedforitsprofusionofosmanthustrees.
Flowersfromthesetreesindifferentcolorsareinfullbloomwhichpervade
thewholegaedenwiththefragranceoftheirblossoms.
(2)我更愛(ài)躺在潔凈輕柔的細(xì)沙上,靜聽著海潮的傾訴;當(dāng)微風(fēng)輕輕地
從我身邊掠過(guò),那種又清涼又輕松的感覺(jué),真是舒適極了,甜美極了!
【參考譯文】
I’mevenmoreinclinedtolieonthecleanandsoftsandybeachandlisten
quietlytotheseaunbosomingitself.Howcomfortableandrefreshediwillbe
tofeelthecoolgentleseabreezebrushingpastme!
(3)鼓起勇氣,做你的心指引你去做的事吧!這樣你就不會(huì)因?yàn)闆](méi)有做
而日后生出悔恨。
【參考譯文】
Screwupyourcouragetodosomethingtofollowyoursoul,leavingnoregret
fornevertryinginthefuture.
2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)
(1)Mr.Somerville—amostdelightfulman,towhommydebtisgreat—was
chargedwiththedutyofteachingthestupidestboysthemostdisregarded
thing—namely,towritemereEnglish.
【參考譯文】
薩默維爾先生,一位很和藹可親,令我感激不盡的老師,負(fù)責(zé)教最愚笨
的學(xué)生最受忽視的課程,即用英文寫作。
(2)Thetimecouldhavebeenmoreprofitablyspentinmakingadetailed
investigation.
【參考譯文】
如果當(dāng)初把時(shí)間花在細(xì)致的調(diào)查研究上,益處就更多了。
(3)ItisquiteunderstandablethattheUnitedNations,havingnolifeexcept
thatwhichitsmembersgivetoit,shouldshowevidenceofthemaladiesthat
ispresentintheworldtoday.
【參考譯文】
正因?yàn)槁?lián)合國(guó)的生命是它的成員國(guó)賦予的,因此聯(lián)合國(guó)也呈現(xiàn)出今天世
界上所存在的各種病癥,這是完全可以理解的。
Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)
1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)
毛澤東預(yù)測(cè)說(shuō)這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)將會(huì)持久而艱難。歷史上武裝斗爭(zhēng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人不向
其追隨者許諾速勝者可謂鳳毛麟角,毛澤東肯定是其中之一。他的坦率
事先消除了人們破碎夢(mèng)幻中的失敗主義情緒。另一方面,毛澤東正確地
估計(jì)了進(jìn)行革命動(dòng)員后以中國(guó)的人力和物資資源為后盾的強(qiáng)大的持久
力,從而有助于增強(qiáng)人們更為持久的自信。他指明了中國(guó)的民族戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)在
融入世界戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之前為了支撐下去而將不得不釆取的那種戰(zhàn)略和策略,這
場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)包括日本對(duì)英國(guó)人、法國(guó)人、荷蘭人以及美國(guó)人的進(jìn)攻。他警告
說(shuō)世界戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是不可避免的,雖然當(dāng)時(shí)許多歐洲人和美國(guó)人并不這么認(rèn)
為。
【參考譯文】
MaoZedongpredictedthatthewarwouldbelongandtough.MaoZedongis
certainlyoneofthefewleadersofarmedstruggleinhistorywhodidnot
promisetheirfollowersaquickvictory.Hisfranknessdispelleddefeatist
feelingsinbrokendreamsbeforehand.Ontheotherhand,MaoZedong
correctlyestimatedthegreatenduringpowerofrevolutionarymobilization
backedbyChina’shumanandmaterialresources,thushelpingtobuild
people’smoreenduringconfidence.Hepointedoutthekindofstrategiesand
tacticsthatChina’snationalwarwouldhavetoemploytosustainitselfbefore
itcouldbeintegratedintotheworldwar,whichincludedJapaneseattackson
theBritish,theFrench,theDutch,andtheAmericans.Hewarnedthatworld
warwasinevitable,thoughmanyEuropeansandAmericansdidnotthinkso
atthattime.
2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese(35points)
Themenwhofoundedmodernsciencehadtwomeritswhicharenot
necessarilyfoundtogether:immensepatienceinobservation,andgreat
boldnessinframinghypothesis.Thesecondofthesemeritshadbelongedto
theearliestGreekphilosophers;thefirstexisted,toaconsiderabledegree,in
thelaterastronomersofantiquity.Butnooneamongtheancients,except
perhapsAristarchus,possessedbothmerits,andnooneintheMiddleAges
possessedeither.Copernicus,likehisgreatsuccessors,possessedboth.He
knewallthatcouldbeknown,withtheinstrumentsexistinginhisday,about
theapparentmotionsoftheheavenlybodiesonthecelestialsphere,andhe
perceivedthatthediurnalrotationoftheearthwasamoreeconomical
hypothesisthantherevolutionofallthecelestialspheres.
Apartfromtherevolutionaryeffectoncosmicimagination,thegreatmerits
ofthenewastronomyweretwo:first,therecognitionthatwhathadbeen
believedsinceancienttimesmightbefalse;second,thatthetestofscientific
truthispatientcollectionoffacts,combinedwithboldguessingastolaws
bindingthefactstogether.NeithermeritissofullydevelopedinCopernicus
asinhissuccessors,butbotharealreadypresentinahighdegreeinhiswork.
【參考譯文】
創(chuàng)立近代科學(xué)的那些人有兩種不一定并存的長(zhǎng)處:做觀察時(shí)十分耐心,
設(shè)假說(shuō)時(shí)有大無(wú)畏精神。其中第二種長(zhǎng)處最早期的希臘哲學(xué)家先前曾有
過(guò),第一種長(zhǎng)處在古代晚期的天文家身上也有相當(dāng)程度的表現(xiàn)。但是在
古代人中間,也許除亞里士達(dá)克外,沒(méi)有人同時(shí)具備這兩種長(zhǎng)處,而中
世紀(jì)的時(shí)候更無(wú)人具備任何一種。哥白尼像他的一些偉大后繼者,兩者
兼有。關(guān)于各天體在天球上的外觀運(yùn)動(dòng),用當(dāng)時(shí)所有的儀器所能知道的
一切他都知道;并且他認(rèn)識(shí)到,地球每日自轉(zhuǎn)一周這種講法和所有天體
旋轉(zhuǎn)這種講法比起來(lái),是個(gè)較簡(jiǎn)便的假說(shuō)。
除了對(duì)宇宙想象的革命性影響之外,新天文學(xué)的巨大優(yōu)點(diǎn)有兩點(diǎn):第
一,認(rèn)識(shí)到自古以來(lái)人們所相信的可能是錯(cuò)誤的;第二,對(duì)科學(xué)真理的
檢驗(yàn)是耐心地收集事實(shí),并大膽猜測(cè)把事實(shí)結(jié)合在一起的規(guī)律。這兩種
優(yōu)點(diǎn)在哥白尼身上都沒(méi)有像在他的繼任者身上那樣得到充分發(fā)揮,但在
他的作品中,這兩種優(yōu)點(diǎn)都已經(jīng)得到了高度的體現(xiàn)。
Ⅲ.Composition(50points)
Direction:Writeacompositionwithnolessthan400wordswiththetitleof
“RealFriend”.
【參考范文】
RealFriend
Friendsareveryimportantforus.Whenweareintrouble,weneedfriendsto
offerusanencouragementandhelp.Weallliketomakefriends,becauseno
onecansurvivewithoutafriend.Indeed,wemakefriendsindifferentstage,
evenweareold,westillmakefriends.Thus,onemayhavelotsoffriends.
However,notallfriendsarerealfriens.
Everyoneneedsafriend,becausewearenottheonlyoneintheworld.We
needsomeonetotalktoandshareourhappinessandsorrow.Afriendis
someonewhowecantrust,wedon’thavetohideourselvesandjustwhowe
are.Wewillfeelcomfortablewiththem.Whenweareintrouble,wewill
thinkofthemandtheywillcometohelp.Formillionsofyears,peoplehave
heapedbeautifulversesandessaysuponfriendship.Yet,they,too,have
mercilesslyaccusedfalsefriendship,fortherearealwayssomemean
characterswhoapproachedyouandactasdearfriendswhenyouarewealthy
orinfluential,butdesertorevenbetrayyoutheinstantyoucomedowninthe
worldorareentrappedbyunfortunatethings.Therefore,peopleallattach
greatimportancetotherecognitionoftruefriendship.
Whatisarealfriend?Still,itisnaturalthatdifferentpeopleobservedifferent
principlesinmakingfriends.Someviewitimportanttomakefriendswith
whomtheymaysharesimilarinterestsorhobbieswith.Iamofthosewho
thinkverylittleofsimilarityorpositionorpower.Solongasapersonhasa
heartofgold,beingselflessandhonest,Iamwillingtomakefriendswith
himorher,givemyduesupportandhelp,andremainfaithfultohimorher
allmylife.Afaithfulfriendisconsideredevenmorepreciousthanapriceless
pearlorapreciousstone.
Astheoldsayingsays,“afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”Knowinghow
valuablefriendshipis,weshouldbeverycarefulinmakingfriends.Real
friendsarethosewhohavegoodcharacter,superiorabilityandkindnessof
heart.Realfriendscansharealloursorrowsanddoubleallourjoys.While
makingfriends,weshouldtakecaretoselectthosewhohavesuchfine
qualities.Thenweshouldtreatourfriendswithcourtesy,becarefulnotto
interfereunreasonablywiththem,andnottoridiculetheirproceedings.We
shouldforgivetheirfailuresanddoourbesttohelpthem.Inshort,whenwe
haveestablishedfriendship,weoughttocherishandtreasureitbymeansof
wordsanddeeds.Onlythus,canwedeveloprealfriendshipandkeepthe
sacredlampoffriendshipburningallourlife.
【解析】
本文第一段引出“朋友”這一主題;第二段闡述了“虛假朋友”的存在;第
三段過(guò)渡引出“真正的朋友”這一概念;第四段總結(jié)升華主旨,教我們?nèi)?/p>
何建立真正的友誼。
2017年桂林理工大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院
865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解
Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)
1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)
(1)從前線回來(lái)的人說(shuō)起白求恩,沒(méi)有一個(gè)不佩服,沒(méi)有一個(gè)不為他的
精神所感動(dòng)。
【參考譯文】
Noonewhoreturnedfromthefrontfailedtoexpressadmirationforthe
Bethunewheneverhisnamewasmentionedandnoneremainedunmovedby
hisaction.
(2)孔乙己不回答,對(duì)柜里說(shuō),“溫兩碗酒,要一碟茴香豆”,便排出九
文大錢。
【參考譯文】
KongYijididnotanswer,hesaidtothewaiter,“warmtwobowlsofwine,
andIwantadishoffennelbeans”,thenhegaveninecoins.
(3)欲把西湖比西子,淡妝濃抹總相宜。
【參考譯文】
TheWestLakelookslikethefairladyatherbest.Whethersheisrichly
adornedorplainlydressed.
2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)
(1)BeforemygraduationfromColumbia,thefamilymetwithsevere
financialreversesandIfeltitmydutytoleavecollegeandtakeajob.
【參考譯文】
在我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及從哥倫比亞大學(xué)畢業(yè)前,家里遭遇了嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)困難。
我深知作為家中的一員,自己有責(zé)任幫助家里擺脫困境,于是退學(xué)去找
了一份工作。
(2)Theyhavedevelopedabiodegradablematerialthatcanabsorb5,000
timesitsweightinwater,2.5timesthecapacityofearlierexperimental
materials.
【參考譯文】
他們已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種生物可降解材料,在水里可以吸收自身5000倍的重
量,是早期實(shí)驗(yàn)材料的2.5倍。
(3)Mr.Bennetwassooddamixtureofquickparts,sarcastichumor,reserve
andcaprice,thattheexperienceofthreeandtwentyyearshadbeen
insufficienttomakehiswifeunderstandhischaracter.
【參考譯文】
本內(nèi)特先生是這樣的一個(gè)混合物,反應(yīng)很快,諷刺而又幽默,不太講
話,變化無(wú)常,以至于二十又三年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)都不足以使他的妻子懂得他的
性格。
Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)
1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)
書房,是讀書人心目中的一個(gè)私人領(lǐng)地,一個(gè)精神家園,一個(gè)智慧的世
界。到過(guò)幾位朋友家的書房,盡管大小各不相同,陳設(shè)各異,但四壁書
櫥架上,層層疊疊的書籍,或排成整齊的行列,或縱橫交錯(cuò)如阡陌叢
林,滿屋子到處都是書,則大體相同。新時(shí)期以來(lái),各種多卷本全套硬
面精裝的文集,形形色色的選集,足以令書房生輝。其間不乏名著佳
作,可作為文化積累,但也難免混雜一些文化垃圾。當(dāng)然,這些都無(wú)礙
于書房主人坐擁書城之樂(lè)。
書房永遠(yuǎn)是令人向往的去處。我從事筆耕數(shù)十年,從來(lái)沒(méi)有一間自己的
書房,一間獨(dú)立的、完整的、名副其實(shí)的書房。
【參考譯文】
Thestudyistoascholarhisprivatedomain,hisspiritualhomeandhis
intellectualworld.I’vebeentothestudiesofseveralfriends.Thoughof
differentsizesandwithdifferentfurnishings,theyareneverthelessaboutthe
sameinboastingaroomfulofbooks.Booksshelvedinbookcasesliningthe
fourwalls.Bookseitherpileduponeuponanother,ordisplayedinneatrows,
orlaidoutindisorderlikefieldswithcrisscrossfootpathsorajungle.In
recentyears,theappearanceofvariousmultivolumecollectedworksin
deluxeeditionsaswellasselectedworksofeverydescriptionhasaddedto
thesplendorofastudy.Amongthemthereisnolackofgreatclassicsand
masterwritings.Ontheotherhand,sometrashisinevitablymixedwiththem
too.Butthatdoesn’thindertheownerofthestudyfromenjoyingthe
companyofhislibrary.
Astudyisalwaysaplaceofenormousappealtous.I’vebeenengagedin
writingforseveraldecades,butI’veneverhadastudyofmyown–astudy
thatisindependent,intactandtruetoitsname,thatis.
2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese(35points)
Weareallthroughourlives,aburdentoothers.Fromthemomentof
conception,wearenourishedandnurturedbyothers.Asadultswelearnto
payforornegotiateourmutualneeds,butthefactremainsthatittakesan
invisiblearmyofotherpeopletogrowourfood,cleanourclothes,maintain
ourroads,fuelourfurnaces.Whenwemarry,weacceptanother’spledgeto
stickwithusinsicknessandhealth,prosperityandpoverty.Theyloadwelay
onothersonlybecomesmorevisible,lessdeniable,asweage.
Ourstillrelativelynewculture,whichmakesbothlivinganywhereandliving
longerpossible,willnodoubtdevoteagooddealofpublicresourcesand
privateenergyinthenearfuturetofiguringouthowbesttocareforitsolder
members.ShouldIliveanother20years,Iwillbeaburden—tomyspouseor
mychildrenorthestate,ifnotallthree.WhatImostwanttolearnduring
decades,therefore,isnothowtolivelonger,notnecessarilyevenhowlivea
healthierormoreproductivelife,buthowbesttobeaburden.Onethatmight
alsobeablessing.
【參考譯文】
我們的一生,都是別人的負(fù)擔(dān)。從懷孕的那一刻起,我們就被別人滋養(yǎng)
著。作為成年人,我們學(xué)會(huì)了為彼此的需求買單或進(jìn)行談判,但事實(shí)仍
然是,我們需要一支他人組成的無(wú)形的大軍來(lái)種植食物、清潔衣服、修
路、給爐子加燃料。當(dāng)我們結(jié)婚時(shí),我們接受另一個(gè)人的承諾,無(wú)論疾
病與健康、繁榮與貧窮都與我們相伴。隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),我們對(duì)他人施
加的壓力只會(huì)變得更明顯、更不容否認(rèn)。
在不久的將來(lái),我們?nèi)匀幌鄬?duì)較新的文化無(wú)疑會(huì)投入大量的公共資源和
私人精力來(lái)研究如何最好地照顧老年人。如果我再活20年,我將成為我
的配偶、孩子或國(guó)家的負(fù)擔(dān),如果不是全部的話。因此,在過(guò)去的幾十
年里,我最想學(xué)習(xí)的不是如何活得更長(zhǎng),甚至不一定是如何活得更健康
或更富有成效,而是如何成為最好的負(fù)擔(dān)。這也可能是一種祝福。
Ⅲ.Composition(50points)
Direction:Writeacompositionwithnolessthan400wordswiththetitleof
“UniversityStudents’Innovation.”
【參考范文】
UniversityStudents’Innovation
Inrecentyears,thecreativityofuniversitystudentsisalwaysmentioned
becauseofthefactthatitisgenerallyacceptedthatcollegestudentsare
largelydeficientofthecreativeabilities.Itseemsthatanincreasingamount
ofthestudentsaremerelysatisfiedwithcomprehendingorevencopying
others’thinkings,ideasorachivementsratherthandevelopingsomething
newoftheirown.
Themainreasonthatgivesrisetotheissuereferedabove,inmyview,isthat
collegeshavenotfullyfulfilledtheirresponsibilitiestocultivategeneral,
creativeandqualifiedstuentsandtheuniversitystudentsarenotactivein
innivativeactivities.Allofthesecolleges’attentionareonthebasisofthe
tests,whichforcesthestudentsstudymorefortheirgradesthanfortheir
synchronizedqualities.Asaresult,moststudentshavenoenoughtimeand
energytopractisetheircreativeabilities.Thereisnodoubtinsayingthat
withoutinnovation,wewilllackthecompetenceweneedtohaveafoothold
insociety.Therefore,onlythroughinnovationcanwemakeourselves
competentandcompetitive.Owingtotheseriousissueswehavetoconfront
with,thewholesocietyshouldtakemeasurestosolveit.
Collegesaresupposedtopaymoreattentiononthequalityeducation.
Therefore,Istronglysuggestthatschoolauthoritiestakesomeactionsto
cultivatestudents’scientificandtechnologicalinnovationcapacities.First,
schoolauthoritiesshouldestablishastudents’scientificandtechnological
innovationcenteranddevelopsomeprogramsthatfacilitateinnovation
activities.Secondly,asteachersplayanessentialroleingeneratingnew
technologyandnewresearchapproachesintheirin-classinstructionand
createanenvironmentforinnivation-orientedlearning,theyaresupposedto
takeactivemeasurestocreatesuchchannels.Thirdly,someleturetopics
shouldfocusonfosteringthetransformationofknowledgeintotheproducts,
processes,systemsandservicesthatfueleconomicdevelopment,create
wealthandgenerateimprovementsinthestandardofliving.Collegesand
universitiesaremakinggoodeffortstostrengthentheeducationofcollege
studentsininnovationandentrepreneurship,helpingthemsetupthethoughts
ofinnovationandentrepreneurshipandcultivatingtheirconsciousnessof
innovationandentrepreneurship,whichmeetstherequirementsof
developmentoftheeraandthedemandofmarketeconomydevelopment,and
alsoistheinevitablechoicefortheinnovation-orientedconstructionofour
country.Atpresent,thetraditionaleducationmodeofuniversitiesand
collegesareraisingtheirconsciousnessofinnovation.
Innovationcomesfromhands-onpractise.Thus,inthecontextoftheir
ability,schoolsshouldoperatemoreexperimentalcourse.Letstudentsdo
hands-onpracticeandletthemdiscoverandsolvetheproblemsduringthe
processofpractice.Anditishightimethatweshouldsetourmindfreeand
strideforwardtomakeoueselvesjointhestreamofinnovation.
【解析】
本文第一段介紹了大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新的現(xiàn)狀;第二段闡釋了這一現(xiàn)狀存在的原
因;第三段闡述了解決問(wèn)題的措施;第四段總結(jié)升華主題。
2018年桂林理工大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院
865翻譯與寫作考研真題及詳解
Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)
1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)
(1)他讀了很多書,古今中外都有。
【參考譯文】
Hereadallkindsofbooks,ancientandmodern,Chineseandforeign.
(2)交翻譯之前,必須讀幾遍,看看有沒(méi)有需要修改的地方。
【參考譯文】
Beforehandinginyourtranslation,youhavetoreaditoverandoveragain
andseeifthereisanythinginittobecorrectedorimproved.
(3)這些價(jià)值觀和孔子宣揚(yáng)的一些思想有很多相同之處,孔子的思想強(qiáng)
調(diào)的是中庸適度。
【參考譯文】
Thesevalueshavemuchincommonwithsomeofthevirtuesof
Confucianism,theChinesephilosophythatstressesmoderation.
2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)
(1)Anthropologistshavediscoveredthatfear,happiness,sadness,and
surpriseareuniversallyreflectedinfacialexpressions.
【參考譯文】
人類學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn),恐懼、快樂(lè)、憂傷和驚奇都會(huì)行之于色,這在全人
類是共通的。
(2)Itismoredifficulttowritesimply,directly,andeffectivelythanto
employflowerybutvagueexpressionsthatonlyobscureone’smeaning.
【參考譯文】
簡(jiǎn)單、直接、有效的表達(dá)比采用華麗的辭藻含糊的表達(dá)更困難,后者只
是含糊的表達(dá)某人的意圖。
(3)Thedevelopmentofmechanicaltimepiecesspurredthesearchformore
accuratesundialswithwhichtoregulatethem.
【參考譯文】
機(jī)械計(jì)時(shí)器的發(fā)展促使人們尋求更精確的日晷,以便校準(zhǔn)機(jī)械計(jì)時(shí)器。
Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)
1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)
小巷的動(dòng)人之處就是它無(wú)比的悠閑。無(wú)論誰(shuí),只要你到巷里去躑躅一
會(huì),你的心情就會(huì)如巷尾不波的古井,那是一種和平的靜穆,而不是陰
森和肅殺。它鬧中取靜,別有天地,仍是人間。它可能是一條現(xiàn)代的烏
衣巷,家家有自己的一本哀樂(lè)帳一部興衰史,可是重門疊戶,諱莫如
深。夕陽(yáng)影里,野花閑草,燕子低飛,尋覓歸家。只是一片澄明如水的
氣氛,凈化一切,籠罩一切,使人忘憂。
巷,是人海洶洶中的一道避風(fēng)塘,給人帶來(lái)安全感;是城市擾攘中的一
帶洞天幽靜,勝似皇家閣道,便于平常百姓徘徊徜徉。愛(ài)逐臭爭(zhēng)利,錙
銖必較的,請(qǐng)到長(zhǎng)街鬧市去;愛(ài)輕嘴薄舌的,爭(zhēng)是論非的,請(qǐng)到茶館酒
樓去;愛(ài)鑼鼓鉦鏜,管弦嗷嘈的,請(qǐng)到歌臺(tái)劇院去:愛(ài)寧?kù)o淡泊,沉思
默想的,深深的小巷在歡迎你。
【參考譯文】
Thecharmofthealleyliesinitsabsoluteserenity.Nomatterwhoyouare,if
youloiteraroundinthelaneforawhile,yourmindwillbecomeasunruffled
astheancientwellattheendofthelane.Thereyouwillexperienceakindof
peacefulcalmnessratherthangloomysternness.Therereignspeaceandquiet
inthemidstofnoisybustle.Itisaworldofitsownonearth.Itmaybea
modernversionofWuyiXiang,aspecialresidentialareaofnobilityintheJin
dynastysoutheastoftoday’sNanjing,whereeachfamily,secludedbehind
closeddoors,hasitsowncovered-upstoryofjoysandsorrows,andriseand
decline.Whenthesunissetting,swallowswillflylowoverwildflowersand
grassontheirwaytotheirnests.Theall-pervadingandall-purifying
atmosphereofwater-likeplacidnessmakesoneforgetallcaresandworries.
Thelaneisasafehavenforthosestrugglingintheturbulentseaofhumansto
enjoyasenseofsecurity.Itisaheavenlyabodeinthemidstofconfusion.
Unliketheerstwhileplank-pavedpathusedexclusivelybytheimperial
familyfortheirvehiclestomoveonsmoothly,thelaneisplaceforthe
commonpeopletoroamaboutleisurely.Thosewhostriveafterfameand
gain,andhaggleovereverypenny,pleasegotothedowntownarea!Those
whoaresharp-tonguedandquarrelsome,pleasegototheteahouseor
restaurant!Thosewholovedeafeninggongsanddrumsaswellasnoisywind
andstringinstruments,pleasegototheoperahouseo
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