高中英語語法填空、短文改錯專項練習(xí)試題

./專題練習(xí)一A<2017·XX省XX市靈丘縣模擬>TheArtofWarisanancientChinesemilitarybook__1__<date>fromthe5thcenturyBC.__2__<write>bytheancientChinesemilitarystrategistSunTzu<"MasterSun",alsospelledSunzi>,thebookconsistsof13chapters,eachof__3__isdevotedtooneaspectofwarfare.Itis__4__<common>thoughtof__5__agreatworkonmilitarystrategyandtactics<戰(zhàn)術(shù)>.It__6__<place>attheheadofChina'sSevenMilitaryClassicsin1080byEmperorShenzongoftheSongDynasty,__7__ithaslongbeenthemostinfluentialstrategytextinEastAsia.Ithashad__8__influenceonEasternandWesternmilitarythinking,businesstactics,legalstrategyandbeyond.ItsfirstcompleteEnglishtranslationwascompletedandpublishedbyLionelGilesin1910.__9__<leader>suchasMaoZedong,GeneralVoNguyenGiap,GeneralDouglasMacArthurandsoonhavedrawn__10__<inspire>fromthework.答案與解析文章介紹了"孫子兵法"這本中國古代杰出的軍事作品,以及對后人的影響。1．dating考查非謂語動詞。此處datingfrom是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語,修飾book。2．Written考查非謂語動詞。分析句式可知,write和句子主語thebook之間是被動關(guān)系,故用過去分詞形式表示被動。3．which考查關(guān)系代詞。根據(jù)句式可知,此處是一個非限制性定語從句,先行詞為13chapters,所以用which。4．commonly考查副詞。此處用副詞來修飾thinkof...as短語,句意為普遍被認(rèn)為是……。5．a(chǎn)s考查介詞。結(jié)合4題可知,thinkof...as為固定短語,把……當(dāng)做是……。6．wasplaced考查被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)句式可知,這本書被放置在……。place和thebook之間是被動結(jié)構(gòu)。7．a(chǎn)nd考查連接詞。分析句式可知,and此處連接兩個并列句。8．a(chǎn)n考查冠詞。此處考查固定短語,haveaninfluenceon意思是對…產(chǎn)生影響。9．Leaders考查名詞。根據(jù)后面的"MaoZedong,GeneralVoNguyenGiap,GeneralDouglas"可知,這些人都是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。10．inspiration考查名詞。句意為像毛澤東等偉大的領(lǐng)袖都從書中獲得激勵和鼓舞。B<2017·XX省華中師大聯(lián)盟>Chinesekungfu,alsoknownaswushuorChinesemartialarts,isoneofthemostwell-knownexamplesoftraditionalChineseculture.Itis__1__<probable>oneoftheearliestandlongest__2__<last>sportswhichusesbothmusclesandbrain.Thetheoryofkungfuisbased__3__classicalChinesephilosophy<哲學(xué)>.Overitslonghistoryit__4__<develop>asauniquecombinationofexercise,practicalself-defense,self-discipline,andart.ItisestimatedthatChinesekungfudatesbacktoprimitivesociety.Atthattimepeopleusedsticks__5__<fight>againstwildbeasts.Graduallythey__6__<accumulate>experienceinselfdefense.Chinesekungfuisalargesystemoftheoryandpractice.Itcombines__7__<technique>ofself-defenseandhealth-keeping.InChinesekungfu,however,a__8__<different>ismadebetween"external<外家的>"and"internal"kungfu.__9__issaidthat"Inexternalkungfu,youexerciseyourtendons,bones,andskin;ininternalkungfu,youtrainyourspirit,yourqi,andyourmind."Andsointernalkungfucancontinuelaterinlife,__10__theexternalbodyweakens.答案與解析1．probably考查副詞。句意：中國功夫可能是同時使用肌肉和大腦的持久性運(yùn)動中最早的以及歷史最悠久的運(yùn)動之一。這里用副詞修飾句子,故用probably。2．lasting考查形容詞。這里用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語,相當(dāng)于形容詞。lasting持久的,lastingsports持久性運(yùn)動。故這里用lasting。3．on/upon考查固定搭配。句意：武術(shù)的理論基于中國古典哲學(xué)。bebasedon/upon以……為基礎(chǔ)。故這里用on/upon。4．hasdeveloped考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：經(jīng)過一段很長的歷史,武術(shù)已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一項運(yùn)動,自衛(wèi)、自律和藝術(shù)于一體的獨(dú)特運(yùn)動。根據(jù)句意可知,這里要用現(xiàn)在完成時,故用hasdeveloped。5．tofight考查不定式。句意：那時人們用木棍來抵御野獸。用不定式表示目的,用tofight。6．a(chǎn)ccumulated句意：他們逐漸在自衛(wèi)中積累經(jīng)驗。根據(jù)上下文可知,這里是在敘述原始社會的事情,故用一般過去式的accumulated。7．techniques考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：它結(jié)合了自衛(wèi)和養(yǎng)生的技術(shù)。self-defense和health-keeping是兩個方面的技術(shù),故用techniques。8．difference句意：然而,中國功夫有"外家"和"內(nèi)家"之分。不定冠詞a后接名詞形式的difference。9．It考查形式主語。這里用it做本句的形式主語,真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。句意：據(jù)說,外家功夫練習(xí)的是肌腱、骨骼、皮膚；內(nèi)家功夫練習(xí)的是精、氣、神。故這里用It。10．when考查連詞。句意：因此當(dāng)外在身體變?nèi)鯐r,內(nèi)家功夫能在后來的時間里繼續(xù)。根據(jù)句意可知這里用when。C<2017·XX三湘名校聯(lián)考>Overweightchildrenandteenagersagedbetween5and18intheChinamainland__1__<reach>8.5millionin2025,anumber__2__surpasses<超過>thepopulationofSpain,astudysaid.Accordingtothestudy,amongtheobeseChineseyouth,millionsofthem__3__<report>tosufferfromallkindsofdiseases.Italsostatedthatinalltherewouldbe268millionoverweightschoolagedchildrenworldwideby2025,__4__<include>91millionobesechildren,ifnoeffective__5__<measure>couldbetakentostoptheexistingtrends.Inactivityandtheconsumptionofjunkfoodandsodadrinkcontributed__6__thegrowingnumberofoverweight__7__<young>intheworld.__8__<respond>totheincreaseofobesechildreninChina,theStateCouncilreleasedaguidelinethisyear.TheguidelineaimedtopreventmorechildrenfrombecomingobeseanditurgedthatthelocalgovernmentinChina__9__<strength>thetrainingofmedicalstaffaroundchildren'shealthandpromoteknowledgeof__10__<balance>eatinganddrinkinghabitsamongtheirparents.答案與解析本文為新聞報道。中國肥胖青少年人數(shù)在迅速增長,今年國務(wù)院發(fā)布了一個指導(dǎo)性文件以防止肥胖人數(shù)的增多。1．willreach根據(jù)時間狀語in2025可知設(shè)空處需用一般將來時,故設(shè)空處填willreach。2．that/which此處為定語從句,先行詞在定語從句中作主語,且先行詞指"物",故填that或which。3．werereported根據(jù)下句中stated<一般過去時>,可推知本句需用一般過去時。主語與report之間為被動關(guān)系,故填werereported。4．including根據(jù)句意可知,此處意為"包括",故填including。5．measures設(shè)空處在句中作主語,measure<措施>在本句中應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)概念,故填measures。6．tocontributeto為固定短語,意為：導(dǎo)致。7．youth根據(jù)本句中的介詞of可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)為名詞且表示"人"。youth在表示"年輕人的總稱"講時,為不可數(shù)名詞,故填youth。8．Torespond設(shè)空處在句中作目的狀語,故設(shè)空處填Torespond。9．<should>strengthen在"urge＋that從句"中,that從句中的謂語動詞需用should＋動詞原形,且should可以省略。該用法屬于虛擬語氣用法。10．balanced本題考查非謂語動詞作定語。設(shè)空處作定語,修飾habit,且設(shè)空處表示狀態(tài),故填過去分詞balanced。D<2017·XX省山師大附中模擬>NowadaysSenior3studentsaregeneralfacedwithalotofpressure,whichisrathercommon.Toreduceit,thefollowedsuggestionsmayhelp.Firstofall,knowexactlywhatleadtoyourpressure,andthenyoucantakemeasurestodealwithit.Secondly,setupagoalwhatisnottoohigh,inanotherwords,don'tputtoomuchpressureonyourself.Thirdly,findawaytorelaxyouoccasionally.Forexample,youcanlistentomusic,goswimorjustsimplygowalking.Eventually,makefriendwithothers,forexample,yourclassmates,yourteachers,yourparents.Theywillunderstandyouandcometoyourhelpwhenyouarereallyinthetrouble.Inaword,nevergetyourselfstuckinthepressurefor"impossibleisnothing"．答案與解析本文主要講述高三學(xué)生面臨許多壓力,告訴他們?nèi)绾螠p壓。1．general改為generally考查副詞。修飾動詞短語befacedwith應(yīng)用副詞。2．followed改為following考查形容詞。形容詞following意為"下面的",作名詞suggestions的定語。3．lead改為leads考查主謂一致和時態(tài)。根據(jù)句意：首先,準(zhǔn)確地知道什么導(dǎo)致你的壓力。根據(jù)前后句動詞時態(tài)可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語是what,表示單數(shù)概念,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。4．what改為that/which考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知這是一個定語從句,先行詞是agoal,在從句中作主語,用關(guān)系代詞that/which。5．a(chǎn)nother改為other考查固定搭配。inotherwords意為"換句話說",是固定搭配。6．you改為yourself考查代詞。根據(jù)句意：第三,找個方法使你自己放松。relaxoneself意為"放松自己"。7．swim改為swimming考查固定短語。goswimming意為"去游泳",是固定搭配。8．friend改為friends考查固定搭配。makefriendswithsb.意為"與某人交朋友",是固定搭配。9．加or/and考查并列連詞。yourclassmates,yourteachers,yourparents為并列關(guān)系,應(yīng)在最后兩個短語間加入and或or起連接作用。10．去掉the考查固定搭配。introuble意為"陷入麻煩",是固定搭配。E<2017·XX省棗陽市白水高中六模>Unionisstrengthnomatterwhenyou'refacingdifficultiesorinadilemma.Cooperationplaysanimportantpartingettingyououtoftrouble.TherewasatimewhenIwastooproudthatIoverlookedmyclassmate,refusingtoworktogetherwiththem.Therefore,itwasnodoubtthatIwasleftalone,sufferingfromlonelinessandfailure.Unfortunatelyateacherimpressedonmethevalueofcooperation.Fromthenon,IlearnedtohelpothersandturntomyfriendsforthehelpwheneverIhaddifficultyfinishataskonmyown.Surelycooperationmadeagreatdifference.NowIamgettingwellwithmyfriends.Myexperiencehasteachmethatonlyifweattachgreatimportancewithcooperation,canwegobeyondourselves.Asthesayinggo"United,westand;divided,wefall"．答案與解析本文主要講述合作的重要性,我們只有重視合作,我們才能超越我們自己。1．too改為so考查固定搭配。so...that...意為"如此/這么……以至于……",句型中的so是副詞,常常用來修飾形容詞或副詞,常用句型為：主語＋謂語＋so＋adj./adv.＋that從句。2．classmate改為classmates考查名詞。classmate是可數(shù)名詞,此處"不止一個同學(xué)",要用復(fù)數(shù)。3．it改為there考查固定搭配。thereisnodoubtthat...意為"毫無疑問……",是固定句型。4．Unfortunately改為Fortunately考查副詞。老師讓他知道合作的重要性,這是幸運(yùn)的事情。5．去掉the考查冠詞。turntosb.forhelp意為"向某人求助",此處是泛指,去掉the。6．finish改為finishing考查動名詞。havedifficultyindoingsth."做……有困難",是固定搭配。7．getting后加on/along考查固定搭配。getalongwellwithsb.意為"與……相處得好",是固定短語,在get后加on或along。8．teach改為taught考查動詞時態(tài)。has后面接過去分詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時。9．with改為to考查固定搭配。attachimportanceto意為"重視",是固定搭配。10．go改為goes考查主謂一致。thesaying是單數(shù)形式,謂語動詞也應(yīng)是第三人稱單數(shù)形式。F<2017·XX省XX市二模>DearLiMing,Thesummerholidayisaroundcorner.Doyouhaveanyplanforthem？IplantoreadsomeEnglishbookduringtheholidayandIneededyourrecommendations.Firstly,Iwanttoimp