項(xiàng)目6 任務(wù) 1 氣源裝置

氣源裝置AirSupplyDevice任務(wù)1Task1任務(wù)描述TaskDescription1氣源裝置和液壓裝置很類似，但也有不同，了解常見(jiàn)氣源裝置的基本工作原理及符號(hào)，進(jìn)一步熟悉氣源裝置的種類，通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)，熟悉常見(jiàn)氣源裝置在不同場(chǎng)合的應(yīng)用。Taskdescription:Airsupplydeviceisverysimilartohydraulicdevice,buttherearesomedifferences.Thetaskistounderstandthebasicworkingprinciplesandsymbolsofcommonlyseenairsupplydevices,beacquaintedwiththetypesofairsupplydevices,andbefamiliarwiththeapplicationsofcommonlyseenairsupplydevicesindifferentscenariosthroughthestudy.任務(wù)描述TaskDescription1氣源裝置是在氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)中，為氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)提供滿足一定質(zhì)量要求的壓縮空氣，是氣壓傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分。如圖6-1-1所示，空氣壓縮機(jī)產(chǎn)生的壓縮空氣，經(jīng)過(guò)降溫、凈化、減壓、穩(wěn)壓等一系列操作后，才能供給控制元件和執(zhí)行元件使用，而使用過(guò)后的壓縮空氣排向大氣時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生噪音，此時(shí)應(yīng)采取相應(yīng)措施，已達(dá)到降低噪音，改善勞動(dòng)條件和環(huán)境質(zhì)量。Inapneumatictransmissionsystem,airsupplydeviceprovidesthepneumaticsystemwithcompressedairofcertainquality,anditisanimportantpartofthepneumatictransmissionsystem.AsshowninFigure6-1-1,thecompressedairproducedbytheaircompressorissuppliedtothecontrolcomponentandtheactuatingcomponentafteraseriesofoperationsincludingcooling,purification,depressurizationandvoltagestabilization;andnoiseisgeneratedwhendischargingtheusedcompressedairintoatmosphere,socorrespondingmeasuresshallbetakentoreducethenoise,therebyimprovingthelaborconditionsandtheenvironmentalquality.Figure6-1-1Aircompressor氣源裝置AirSupplyDevice2自然界中的空氣是一種混合物，主要由氮、氧、水蒸氣、以及其它微量氣體和一些雜質(zhì)組成，而在不同的環(huán)境和氣候條件下，空氣的組成成分還不同，氣動(dòng)系統(tǒng)工作時(shí)，壓縮空氣中水分和固體顆粒雜質(zhì)等的含量是系統(tǒng)能否正常工作的重要因素，對(duì)空氣進(jìn)行壓縮、凈化，從而向各個(gè)設(shè)備提供干凈、干燥的壓縮空氣稱之為壓縮空氣站或氣源如圖6-1-2所示即為氣源裝置的工作示意圖。Natureairisamixturewhichconsistsofmainlynitrogen,oxygen,vaporaswellassomeothertracegasesandimpurities.Theaircompositionisdifferentunderdifferentenvironmentalandclimaticconditions.Whenapneumaticsystemisworking,thecontentsofmoistureandsolidparticulateimpuritiesandalikeincompressedairareimportantfactorstothenormaloperationofsystem.Compressingandpurifyingairtoprovideeachpieceofequipmentwithcleananddrycompressedairisreferredtoasthecompressedairstationorairsupply;andFigure6-1-2showstheschematicoftheoperationofairsupplydevice.Figure6-1-2SchematicofOperationofAirSupplyDevice氣源裝置AirSupplyDevice2Figure6-1-3WorkflowofAirSupplyDevice氣源裝置AirSupplyDevice2Table6-1-1ConstitutingPartsofAirSupplyDeviceConstitutingpartFunctionalsymbolFunctionandeffectAirpumpCompressairintocompressedairCoolerCoolthecompressedairataircompressoroutlettobelow40℃,tocondensemostofthevaporandbadoilmistinairasliquidwaterandoildrops.Fluid-waterseparatorManualSeparatetheimpuritieslikewaterandoildropsdissolvedoutbyaftercoolerfromthecompressedair.AutoAirstoragetankStorethecompressedairandeliminatethepressurefluctuation,ensuringthecontinuousandstableairsupplyFilterFurtherremoveoilcontamination,wateranddustfromcompressedair,inordertopromotetheworkingefficiencyofdownstreamdrierandextendtheservicelifeoffinefilter.DryerFurtherremovethewater,oilanddustfromcompressedairFinefilterRemovetheoilcontamination,wateranddustfromcompressedairagain.氣源裝置AirSupplyDevice21氣源調(diào)節(jié)裝置AirSupplyRegulator（1）氣源調(diào)節(jié)裝置的組成(1)CompositionofAirSupplyRegulator氣源調(diào)節(jié)裝置的組成如圖6-1-4所示，是由過(guò)濾器、減壓閥和油霧器三部分組成的，稱之為三聯(lián)件。CompositionofairsupplyregulatorisasshowninFigure6-1-4;itconsistsofthreeparts,includingfilter,reliefvalveandatomizedlubricatorthatarereferredtoasFRLUnit.空氣過(guò)濾器的作用是濾除壓縮空氣中所含的液態(tài)水滴、油滴、固體粉塵顆粒及其他雜質(zhì)。空氣過(guò)濾器一般由殼體和濾芯組成。按濾芯采用的材料不同，空氣過(guò)濾器可分為紙質(zhì)、織物、陶瓷、泡沫塑料和金屬等形式。常用的是紙質(zhì)式和金屬式；Theairfilterremovesliquidwaterdrops,oildrops,soliddustparticlesandotherimpuritiesfromthecompressedair.Ingeneral,theairfilterconsistsofanenclosureandafilterelement.Accordingtothematerialsoffilterelement,theairfiltercanbeclassifiedintopaper,textile,ceramic,foamplasticandmetallictypes.Commonlyusedairfiltersarepaperandmetallictypes;氣源裝置AirSupplyDevice2減壓閥主要作用于將進(jìn)氣壓力調(diào)節(jié)至系統(tǒng)所需的壓力；

Thereliefvalveregulatestheairinletpressuretothepressurerequiredbythesystem;油霧器的作用是將潤(rùn)滑油霧化后噴入壓縮空氣管道的空氣流中，隨空氣進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)中，潤(rùn)滑相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)零件的表面。它有油霧型和微霧型兩種。Theatomizedlubricatoratomizesthelubricantandsprayitintotheairflowinsidecompressedairpipeline,therebythelubricantentersthesystemsalongwithairandlubricatesthesurfacesofrelativemovementparts.Atomizedlubricatorcanbeclassifiedintooilsprayandmicromisttypes.Figure6-1-4CompositionofAirSupplyRegulator氣源裝置AirSupplyDevice2隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，一些新技術(shù)新工藝的應(yīng)用，現(xiàn)在一些氣動(dòng)元器件已不需要在壓縮空氣中加以潤(rùn)滑油以潤(rùn)滑，因此氣源調(diào)節(jié)裝置只有過(guò)濾器和減壓閥組成，稱之為二聯(lián)件。Becauseofthetechnologicaladvancementandtheapplicationofsomenewtechniques,nowsomepneumaticcomponentsdonotneedlubricantinthecompressedair,thustheairsupplyregulatorconsistsofonlythefilterandthereliefvalve,whicharereferredtoasFRUnit.Figure6-1-5RealFRUnitandFRLUnitandSymbolsThereof（2）氣源調(diào)節(jié)裝置的符號(hào)(2)SymbolofAirSupplyRegulator氣源裝置AirSupplyDevice2（1）請(qǐng)保持機(jī)器清潔。

(1)Keepthemachineclean.2空氣壓縮機(jī)的日常維護(hù)及保養(yǎng)事項(xiàng)DailyMaintenanceandServicePrecautionsofAirCompressor（2）儲(chǔ)氣罐的放水閥需每日打開(kāi)一次以便排除油水。在濕氣較重的地方，請(qǐng)每四小時(shí)打開(kāi)一次。

(2)Openthedrainvalveofairstoragetankeverydaytodischargeoilwater.Inhumidplaces,openthevalveonceeveryfourhours.（3）潤(rùn)滑油位，每天檢查一次，確保空壓機(jī)的潤(rùn)滑作用。

(3)Checkthelubricantleveleveryday,ensuringthelubricationofaircompressor.（4）空氣濾清器應(yīng)15天清理或更換一次（濾芯為消耗品）。(4)Cleanorreplacetheairfilteronceevery15days(filterelementisconsumable).氣源裝置AirSupplyDevice2（5）不定期檢查各部位螺絲的松緊程度。

(5)Checkthefixationofscrewsfromtimetotime.（6）潤(rùn)滑油最初運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)50小時(shí)或一周后請(qǐng)換新油。以后每300小時(shí)換新油一次（使用環(huán)境較差者應(yīng)150小時(shí)換一次油），每運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)36H加油一次。

(6)Replacethelubricantafter50hourssinceinitialoperation,orafteroneweek.Thereplacethelubricantonceevery300hours(onceevery150hoursinsevereserviceenvironment),andrefilllubricantonceevery36hoursofoperation.（7）使用500小時(shí)（或半年）請(qǐng)將氣閥拆出清洗。

(7)Removetheairvalveforcleaningonceevery500servicehours(orhalfayear).氣源裝置AirSupplyDevice2（8）每年將機(jī)器各部件清潔一次。

(8)Cleanthecomponentsofmachineonceeveryyear.（9）應(yīng)定期檢驗(yàn)所有的防護(hù)罩，告警標(biāo)志等安全防護(hù)裝置。(9)Inspectallprotectivecovers,warningsignsandsafetydevicesregularly.（10）應(yīng)定期檢查空壓機(jī)的壓力釋放裝置，停車保護(hù)裝置及壓力表（半年一次），安全閥靈敏性，確保空壓機(jī)處于正常工作狀態(tài)。

(10)Checkthepressurereliefdevice,shutdownprotectiondeviceandpressuregaugeofaircompressorregularly(oncehalfayear),andcheck