山西省高速公路隧道工程消防設計指南

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11

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12

·································································

22.1

··································································

22.2

··································································

43

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53.1

······························································

53.2

···········································53.3

···························································63.4

···························································73.5

···························································83.6

···························································83.7

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94

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104.1

·····························································

104.2

·····························································

104.3

·····························································

114.4

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11

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·

1

·mL30003000≥L10001000≥L500L≤5001 1.0.1

1.0.2

1.0.3

1.0.4

1.0.5

1.0.6

1.0.6

1.0.6

1.0.6

22.1 2.1.1

annual

average

daily

traffic

volume2.1.2

隧道單洞設計年平均日交通量

annual

average

daily

volume

years2.1.3

oneway

traffic

tunnel2.1.4

cross

channel2.1.5

cross

channel2.1.6

cross

channel2.1.7

ancillary

facility2.1.8

fire

water2.1.9

fire

water

supply

source2.1.10

constant

high

pressure

fire

protection

water

supply

system2.1.11

stable

high

pressure

fire

protection

water

supply

system2.1.12

temporary

high

pressure

fire

water

supply

system2.1.13

gravity

fire

reservoir·

3

·2.1.14

low

fire

reservoir2.1.15

longitudinal

smoke

extraction2.1.16

transverse

smoke

extraction2.1.17

semi-transverse

smoke

extraction2.1.18

critical

velocity2.2

·

4

·3 3.1 3.1.1

1

2

5

3

10

3.2 3.2.1

高速公路隧道交通工程與附屬設施配置等級應根據(jù)隧道單洞長度和設計年度預測隧道單洞年

3.2.1

A+BCD

3.2.1

·

5

·A+BCD●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●●

500m

●●●●●●●■●●●■●●●■一級四級h2.002.001.501.003.2.2

3.2.2

3.2.2

1

3.2.2

1

“●”“■”

“—”3

長度小米

200m

的高速公路隧道，且不設置照明的隧道可不設電光標志（電光標志：又4

1000m

3.33.3.1

3.3.1

3.3.1

3.3.2

3.3.1

3.3.2

3.3.2

一級四級h2.001.501.00

3.3.2

3.3.3

3.3.2

3.3.3

B1

2

3

3.3.4

隧道內的附屬設備用房、風井和消防救援出入口的耐火等級應為一級，地面的重要設備用房、3.4 3.4.1

3.4.2

GB50016

相關3.4.3

3.4.4

柴油發(fā)電機房設置儲油間時，應獨立設置，并應采用耐火極限不低于

3.00h

的防火隔墻和能

1.00m33.4.5

3.4.6

3.4.7

3.5 3.5.1

交通工程與附屬設施》D70/2

1

750m

1000m2

4.50m3

4

利用車行橫通道兼作人行橫通道時，防火分隔設施應同時具備緊急情況下車行與人行疏散的功3.5.2

交通工程與附屬設施》D70/2

·

7

·1

中、長、特長隧道應設置人行橫通道，設置間距宜為

250m，并不應大于

350m；車行橫通道2

2.00m

2.50m3

3.63.6.1

1

2h

3000m

3h2

各項性能應符合《防火卷簾》GB14102、《防火卷簾、防火門、防火窗施工及驗收規(guī)范》GB508773.6.2

1

2

3

GB

12955

4

5

隧道長度小于3000m2h3000m

3h3.6.3

3.00h3.73.7.1

3.7.2

長、特長雙洞隧道，應在洞外適當位置設置聯(lián)絡通道，轉彎半徑不宜小于

15m，條件受限時

12m，有條件的隧道，可設置滅火救援場地。3.7.3

消防車道上方

4.50m

以內的凈空范圍不應設置妨礙滅火救援的架空管線和設施、設備；消防·

8

·4 4.1 4.1.1

4.1.2

通工程與附屬設施》

D70/2

和《公路隧道消防給水系統(tǒng)設計細則》DB14/T

2319

的有關規(guī)定執(zhí)4.1.3

4.1.4

1

6s

2

6s

4.1.5

2.5m/s4.1.6

GB

50974

10

4.1.7

工程中采用的消防給水及消火栓系統(tǒng)的組件和設備等應為符合國家現(xiàn)行有關標準和準入制度4.1.8

4.24.2.1

4.2.2

4.2.3

48h4.2.4

4.2.5

4.2.6

48h

4.2.7

4.2.8

GB

50013

4.2.9

4.3 4.3.1

·

9

·

Lm10001000≤L3000L3000m31218181

2.40MPa2

1.0MPa3

1.60MPa

1.20MPa4.3.2

4.4 4.4.1

4.4.2

1

2

3

DN1004

48h

DN1004.4.3

GB

50974

中第

5.1

5.5

1

2

4.4.2

2

3

3

8h

DN324

5

4.4.3

6

7

4.4.3

6

4.4.4

1

設置

4.4.3

6

7

的規(guī)定；2

GB

50974

5.15.3

5.5

3

1%3%

2.5L/s4

應設置防止穩(wěn)壓泵頻繁啟停的技術措施，當采用氣壓水罐時，其調節(jié)容積應根據(jù)穩(wěn)壓泵啟泵次

15

300L·

10

·4.54.5.1

D70/2

10.2.3

10.2.4

4.5.2

DN804.5.3

4.5.4

4.5.5

101

2

3

40

4.6 4.6.1

消防給水系統(tǒng)中采用的設備、器材、管材管件、閥門和配件等系統(tǒng)組件的產(chǎn)品工作壓力等級，4.6.2

1

采用室外架空明管或埋深不滿足防凍要求時，應有冬季排空補水管道的有關措施或有對管道進2

0.30m3

1

4.6.3

1

2

0.30m3

4

5

隧道主干消防管道室外架空部分與直埋管道之間的豎管，應安裝在直埋過渡井內，豎管上應設4.6.4

1 應設隧道外橫向連通管道。相鄰隧道合并設置給水系統(tǒng)時，如相鄰隧道最短間距小于或等50m2

1000m·

11

·3

4

5

6

4.6.5

Y

4.6.6

4.6.7

4.6.8

1

2

3

50mm4

5

4.7 4.7.1

GB

50140

4.7.2

ABC

1

5kg

8kg2

50m

40m3

滅火器應成組設置在滅火器箱內，一個計算單元內配置的滅火器數(shù)量不得少

2

具，每個設置點

5

“”4.8 4.8.1

控制與操作應符合《消防給水及消火栓系統(tǒng)技術規(guī)范》GB

50974-2014

中第

11

章的有關4.8.2

1

2

3

IP30

IP554

控制柜應采取防止被水淹沒的措施，在高溫潮濕環(huán)境下，水泵控制柜內應設置自動防潮除濕裝·

12

·4.8.3

4.8.4

4.8.5

4.8.6

·

13

·

LmL500030500L≤500020注：運煤專用通道、客車專用通道及通行危險品車輛的隧道火災最大熱釋放率應按運輸物品的種類203050m3506060808010055.1 5.1.1

L1000m

5.1.2

5.1.3

1

2

應利于人員安全疏散，避免火災隧道的煙氣侵入人行與車行橫通道、相鄰隧道或平行導洞以及3

4

5

5.1.4

5.1.5

5.2 5.2.1

5.2.1

5.2.1

5.2.2

5.2.1

5.2.2

5.2.2

5.2.2

5.2.3

5.2.3

203050m32.03.03.04.04.05.0

5.2.3

5.2.3

5.2.4

2

5000m3

4

5.2.5

1

2.0m/s2

1000m3

300m4

60m5

隧道內煙霧應通過沿隧道縱向布置的排煙口排出。排煙口應設置在隧道頂部或側壁上部，排煙6

全橫向通風系統(tǒng)轉換為排煙系統(tǒng)時，起火點附近應停止送入新鮮空氣；隧道送風型半橫向系統(tǒng)7

280℃

60min5.2.6

15.0m/s

10.0m/s5.3 5.3.1

1

250℃環(huán)境條件下連續(xù)正常運行時間不應小于

60min

排煙風機消聲器應在250℃2

3

90s

4

15cm5.4 5.4.1

專用避難疏散通道、獨立避難所的前室余壓值不應小于

30Pa

50Pa5.4.2

1.2m/s

5.4.3

獨立避難所防煙設計的加壓送風量應按地面面積每平方米不小于

30m3

·

15

·5.4.4

7.0m/s5.5 5.5.1

5.5.2

5.65.6.1

250℃

1.0h5.75.7.1

5.7.2

1

2

應具有安全疏散、火災救援等不同階段、不同排煙方式的防煙與排煙、逃生誘導、救援指揮等3

4

5.7.3

5.7.4

1.5m5.7.5

5.7.6

·

16

·66.16.1.1

6.2 6.2.1

CCTV）監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)主控設備應設置在隧道管理站；系統(tǒng)應能根據(jù)火災報警信息自動6.2.2

CCTV

6.2.3

100m150m6.2.4

6.36.3.1

6.3.2

6.4 6.4.1

1

2

3

4

5

6

·

17

·7

6.4.2

1

交通監(jiān)控計算機應具有下列功能：采集和處理交通基本信息，包括交通量、車速、占有率等；2

火災報警及消防控制計算機應具有下列功能：采集和處理火災報警設施提供的數(shù)據(jù)信息；采集3

緊急呼叫計算機應具有下列功能：采集緊急電話設施的呼叫信息和狀態(tài)信息、隧道廣播設施的4

通風、照明控制計算機應具有下列功能：采集和處理隧道內外環(huán)境信息，包括

濃度、能見6.4.3

1

系統(tǒng)軟件應按下列原則選擇：應綜合考慮其功能、性能、可靠性、安全性、可擴展性、系統(tǒng)管2

應用軟件設計應符合下列規(guī)定：應與管理要求相適應，應具有信息采集功能、數(shù)據(jù)處理功能、3

原始數(shù)據(jù)保存時間不應少于

1

年，統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)保存時間不應少于

1

年，視頻數(shù)據(jù)保存時間不應少

30

·

18

·

2.5m兼用疏散通道的連通道出

2.5m

50m

0.5m

1.3m7 7.17.1.1

7.1.2

度在正常供電時不應低于

0.2cd/

10%

0.2cd/7.2 7.2.1

7.2.2

7.2.3

7.2.4

7.2.4

7.2.4

88.1 8.1.1

隧道交通工程及附屬設施等級為

B

8.1.2

隧道火災自動報警系統(tǒng)設計應符合《火災自動報警系統(tǒng)設計規(guī)范》GB

50116

的規(guī)定，合理8.1.3

在需要區(qū)域報警時，系統(tǒng)應采用光纖環(huán)網(wǎng)結構，區(qū)域報警主機應負責相關區(qū)域的自手動8.1.4

32

8.1.5

8.2 8.2.1

150m8.2.2

GB-50116

8.2.3

8.38.3.1

8.3.2

8.3.3

1

2

2

10m

0.15m0.20m8.3.4

1

單洞車行道少于四車道時，探測器宜單側設置，并設置在隧道側壁，底部距路面高差不應小4.50m·

20

·2

10m

8.3.5

1

單洞車行道少于四車道時，探測器宜單側設置；單洞車行道為四車道時，探測器應雙側交錯設2

探測器宜從隧道洞口頂部以內

10m

處開始設置；應設置在隧道側壁，底部距檢修道高差宜為2.50m3.50m8.4 8.4.1

隧道內手動報警按鈕設置間距不應大于

50m，宜與消火栓等滅火設施同址設置，距檢修道高

1.30m1.50m

IP658.4.2

隧道運營管理附屬建筑的手動報警按鈕應按現(xiàn)行《火災自動報警系統(tǒng)設計規(guī)范GB

501168.4.3

2.5m

60dB

15dBGB

26851

8.5 8.5.1

8.5.2

GB

50116

8.5.3

8.6 8.6.1

1

2

8.6.2

8.6.2.1

1

2

200m3

4

200m

·

21

·8.6.2.2

8.6.2.3

1

2

3

4

5

6

8.6.3

1

2

隧道內設置的消防應急廣播可與隧道內設置的有線廣播合用，其設置應參照《公路隧道設計規(guī)

D70/2

3

隧道應急廣播主控設備應設置在控制室，應具有單點、分組和全線播報的控制功能，應提供與4

隧道應急廣播應能自動循環(huán)播報警示語音，確定火災發(fā)生時應能自動切換至疏導語音播報且人5

隧道內應急廣播的音區(qū)劃分應與隧道防火管理分區(qū)相對應。確定火災發(fā)生時，應能根據(jù)隧道火8.78.7.1

1

2

3

4

應能聯(lián)動啟動火災交通控制模式，應能聯(lián)動啟動火災防煙排煙控制模式；5

8.7.2

8.7.3

隧道火災自動報警系統(tǒng)尚可利用隧道

檢測器、

檢測器及視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)等的輔助功能。8.7.4

8.7.5

“”8.7.6

·

22

·8.7.7

8.7.8

GB

50116

·

23

·9 9.1 9.1.1

9.1.2

30s

30min9.1.3

小于3h9.1.4

隧道和橫通道內以及疏散通道內消防應急照明及疏散指示標志的應急電源應選用應急供電裝

0.3s

20min/km

30min9.1.5

荷）宜設置應急電源，允許供電中斷時間均不應大于

30s，在發(fā)生火災時的持續(xù)供電時間均不應小于30min9.1.6

9.1.7

9.2 9.2.1

隧道內線纜的燃燒性能不應低于現(xiàn)行國家標準《電纜及光纜燃燒性能分級》GB

31247

規(guī)定

B1

9.2.2

9.2.3

在隧道側壁上暗敷時，線纜應穿金屬管且不燃結構體保護層厚度不應小于

30mm；一級負荷9.2.4

在有流淌火侵入風險的隧道電纜溝內敷設時，線纜應穿

C15

混凝土包封的金屬管保護且一級

9.2.5

9.2.6

·

24

·9.3 9.3.1

9.3.2

大于

；無監(jiān)控設施的隧道，洞口接地裝置接地電阻不應大于

，該接地裝置應與隧道洞內的接地9.3.3

消防設施設備外露的非帶電可導電部分及工程使用的非埋地金屬構件、金屬管件、金屬槽盒、·

25

·系統(tǒng)內各消防用電設備的供電電源和備用電源工作狀態(tài)和欠壓

A

A

A

正面詞采用“必須”反面詞采用“嚴禁”正面詞采用“應”反面詞采用“不應”或“不得”正面詞采用“宜”或“可”反面詞采用“不宜”·

27

·

·

28

·

1山西省高速公路隧道工程消防設計指南條文說明·

29

··

30

·

······································································

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31

·

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·

32

·1 1.0.1

1.0.2

·

33

·3 3.23.2.1

工程與附屬設施劃分為

A+BCD

3.2.1

3.2.2

36

V3.43.4.3

·

34

·44.1 4.1.4

設計時首先按《公路隧道設計規(guī)范

第二冊

交通工程與附屬設施》

D70/2

確定每一座隧4.1.6

GB

50974

10

4.2 4.2.2

4.2.34.2.7

4.34.3.2

4.54.5.2

《消防給水及消火栓系統(tǒng)技術規(guī)范》GB

50974

7.4.6

“建筑高度小于或等于

24.0m且體積小于或等于

5000m3的多層倉庫可采用

1

支消防水槍的

1

股充實水柱到達室內任何部位”；第·

35

·7.4.10.2

條提出“消火栓按

1

支消防水槍的

1

股充實水柱布置的建筑物，消火栓的布置間距不應大于50.0m”

7.4.16.4

“城市交通隧道室內消火栓間距不應大于

50m”對用水量的要求類似建筑高度小于或等于

24.0m

且體積小于或等于

5000m3的多層倉庫類。公路隧道特點與城市交通隧道相似，公路行業(yè)規(guī)范亦要求隧道內消火栓間距不大于

50m，因此參考借鑒《消防給水及消火栓系統(tǒng)技術規(guī)范》GB

50974

有關要求，認為采用

1

支消防水槍的

1

股充實水柱到達室為提高滅火控制率，建議公路隧道采用在單立管上設雙出口消火栓，間接實現(xiàn)

2

股充實水柱。但

DN80

4.5.5

D70/2

·

36

·5 5.1 5.1.2

5.1.3

GB50016-2006“…·5.2 5.2.1

本指南結合國內公路隧道安全隱患嚴重的實際情況，參考了

PIARC

2007

年技術報告引用的

5.2.1

5.2.2

PIARC5.2.3

·

37

·5.2.4

火災發(fā)生后的

810min

700m

0.5m/s5.2.5

采用排煙道集中排煙的公路隧道，火災煙霧通過位于隧道頂部或側壁上部的排煙口排出隧道，5.2.6

5.35.3.1

GA211-2009“

250℃

60min”5.4 5.4.15.4.4

GB50016統(tǒng)技術標準》（GB51251）、《采暖通風與空氣調節(jié)設計規(guī)范》（GB50019）等提出了獨立避難所5.55.5.2

GB50016·

38

·6 6.26.2.1

6.4 6.4.1

隧道消防設計國家及行業(yè)標準更多的關注主體結構設計、消防滅火系統(tǒng)和應急救援設施方面，·

39

·7 7.1 7.1.1

根據(jù)《公路隧道照明設計細則》（

70/2-01-2014）第

8

章應急照明與洞外引道照明8.1.1

長度

L>500m

的高速公路隧道應設置應急照明系統(tǒng)，并應采用不間斷供電系統(tǒng)；8.1.2

應急照

30min7.1.2

根據(jù)《公路隧道照明設計細則》（

70/2-01-2014

3

章一般規(guī)定

3.0.1

公路隧道CIE·

40

·88.4 8.4.3

根據(jù)《公路隧道設計規(guī)范

第二冊

交通工程與附屬設施》

D70/2

9

章第

9.6

火災聲光線廣隧道設置聲光報器災聲警報設置隧道控制、隧口前方100150m

2.5m

60dB

的場所設置火災

15dBGB26851

8.58.5.1

·

41

·9 9.19.1.5

1

不間斷電源裝置（UPS

1

UPS

UPS

30min2UPS

的額定輸出功率不應小于計算機各設備額定功率總和的

1.2

1.3

3UPS

4UPS

2

EPS

1

EPS

EPS

30min2EPS

1.3

3EPS

0.3s4EPS

·

42

·

2 ·

43

·1 行駛暢通的狀態(tài)，此時的隧道交通控制預案應為“隧道單向行車方案”。在非正常情況下，當隧道有事·

44

·

1

·

45

·

2

·

46

·

3

·

47

·

4

·

48

·

5

·

49

·2

檢測器、Ⅵ檢測器、風機等。隧道通風監(jiān)控主

的檢測數(shù)據(jù)信息以及風隧道通風控制預案應包括：CO/VI

聯(lián)動控制方案、風機時間分段控制方案、火災通風控制方案等。2.1 VI

即系統(tǒng)能夠根據(jù)隧道內

的新鮮風量，稀釋煙霧濃度

VI

濃度，以維持隧道良好的通風環(huán)境，達到設計要求的洞內衛(wèi)生與·

50

·

6

2.2 即系統(tǒng)以時間為基準原則，按照一定的時間區(qū)間進行劃分，分成不同的時間段（如早晨、中午、·

51

·2.3·

52

·3 ·

53

·4 隧道火災報警設施主要包括：手動報警按鈕、火災自動探測器以及火災報警控制器等。當隧道發(fā)·

54

·

確認解除報警

確認發(fā)生火災

8

·

55

·55.1 某隧道長

11km，洞口設置了隧道管理站和消防救援站，隧道按照規(guī)范設置了完備的機電設施，通風、排煙系統(tǒng)采用通風井分

3

段縱向通風、排煙方式，假設隧道右洞中央?yún)^(qū)域（洞內第二區(qū)段）1

當監(jiān)控中心的“監(jiān)控值班人員”“”2

無論哪種報警方式，當“監(jiān)控值班人員”接到報警后，都應立即切換顯示火災事故區(qū)段的監(jiān)控視頻，通過直觀的視頻觀察，對火災報警進行確認，判斷火災等級。當確認火災地點和等級后，“”a）啟動應急照明控制方案。c2

·

56

·23ms“”“”另一側隧道入口（非事故隧道）前方的可變信息標志顯示“禁止車輛駛入、臨側隧道洞內發(fā)生”“”e“”“紅叉”

YKXX+XXX“”“”“”f火災事故隧道的火災事故點（右洞

YKXX+XXX）下游的可變信息標志顯示“請保持車距、安”

（右洞

YKXX+XXX“”“”3

YKXX+XXX

4

具、30m

DN65

2

19mm

水槍

2支，

水成膜泡沫滅火裝置一套。其中

1000

立方的常高壓消防水池供水滿足火災延續(xù)時間

6

30L

30

1·

57

·234acef）監(jiān)控中心需保持對火災現(xiàn)場的實時監(jiān)視，與現(xiàn)場處理人員的實時聯(lián)系，并要根據(jù)火災處