考研《英語一》襄樊市襄陽區(qū)2023年全真模擬試卷含解析

考研《英語一》襄樊市襄陽區(qū)2023年全真模擬試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thepurposeofaletterofapplication(求職信)istohelpyouto"sell"yourself.Itshouldstate1thejobyouwant,andshouldtellwhatyourabilitiesareandwhatyouhave2Itshouldbesimple,human,personalandbriefwithout3outanynecessaryfacts.Inwritingaletterofapplication,keepin4thatthethingsapossibleemployerismost5towanttoknowaboutareyourqualifications(條件),yourachievementsandyouraims.Theopeningparagraphisperhapsthemostimportantpart6thefirstfewsentencesfailto7thereader’sattention,therestofthelettermaynotbe8atall.Trytokeyyouropeningremarkstotheneedsorinterestsoftheemployernot9yourownneedordesires.Forexample,insteadofbeginningwith“Isawyour10ofyouradvertisingduringthepastsixmonths”or“Ihavemadeasurveyinmyneighborhoodtofindouthowmanyhousewives11yourproductandwhytheylikeit.”Tryto12generalities(概述).Beclearaboutthekindofjobforwhichyouarenow13Collegegraduateslookingfortheirfirstpositionsoftenask“WhatcanI14has.”Theansweristhateverythingyouhaveeverdoneis15Itisimportanttowriteagoodstrongclosingforyourletter16istoenclose(內(nèi)附)astamped,self-addressedenvelopewithyourletter.Thatmakesit17forapossibleemployertogetintouchwithyou.1、A．easilyB．carefullyC．obviouslyD．clearly2、A．doneB．foundC．knownD．heard3、A．sendingB．leavingC．takingD．picking4、A．brainB．sightC．mindD．order5、A．probableB．possibleC．a(chǎn)bleD．likely6、A．WhileB．AlthoughC．IfD．As7、A．winB．payC．showD．fix8、A．keptB．readC．writtenD．continued9、A．fromB．forC．intoD．to10、A．a(chǎn)rticleB．reportC．a(chǎn)dvertisementD．introduction11、A．watchB．studyC．searchD．discussion12、A．useB．makeC．sellD．change13、A．gainB．rememberC．protectD．a(chǎn)void14、A．a(chǎn)pplyingB．losingC．preparingD．fitting15、A．offerB．supplyC．provideD．mean16、A．workerB．managerC．ownerD．beginner17、A．successB．experienceC．practiceD．development18、A．StateB．AskC．MakeD．Get19、A．resultB．ideaC．promiseD．decision20、A．easierB．happierC．cheaperD．saferSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1ManyofusknowaboutRussia’sLakeBaikalfromourtextbooks,orbylisteningtoChinesesingerLiJian’shitsong,LieBaikal.Butoverthepastdecade,theworld’sdeepestfreshwaterlakehasbeeninthespotlightforanextremesport.EachMarchsince2005,about150peoplefromaroundtheworldsignupfortheBaikalIceMarathon.Theycometoexplorethelake’sbreathtakingbeautyandchallengethemselvesinunpredictableconditions.The26-mile(41.84-kilometers)journeystartsonthelake’seasternshore.InMarch,theiceisameterthickandiron-hard.Runnerscrossthisfrozensurface,finishingonthewesternsideofthelake.Knownasthe“blueeyeofSiberia”,LakeBaikalhasexceptionallyclearwaters.Thismeansitsiceisalmostperfectlytransparent(透明的).“Seenfromabove,arunnerontheicelooksasifheorshewerejoggingthroughspace.”TheNewYorkTimesnoted.Thelandscapemightbebeautiful,butit’salsoharsh.Strongwindsblast(侵襲)acrossthelakeandfrostbitecanoccurwithinhalfanhour.Runnerssaythecoldclimateiswhatdrawsthem.Theywanttotesttheirlimits.“Whenyouareinsuchanenvironment,youdon’thavecarsaroundyou,andyoudon’thavethenoisearound.Ithinktheseextremeracesallowyoutobealonewithnature.”AlicjaBarahona,a64-year-oldrunnerfromtheUS,toldABCnews.Thelocationofferssomestrangeanduniquecharacteristicsforthismarathon.Thefinishinglineisvisiblefromthestart,buttheendlesswhiteoffersnoprogressmarkers.Theracealsoendswithlittlefanfare(隆重的歡迎).Touristscrowdingtheicearemostlyaddictedtosnappingselfies(自拍)andjustignoretherunners.Forsomerunners,theabsenceofspectatorsmakestheracemorechallenging,becauseit’slonely.Theymustfightwiththemselves.“YouarealoneonBaikal.Itisyourrace.Youarealonewithyourself.Allyouneedtodoistodefeatyourself.”VeroniqueMessina,aFrenchrunner,toldtheTelegraph.1、WhatcanweknowabouttheBaikalIceMarathonfromthearticle?A．Ittakesrunnersfromthenorthernendtothesouthernendofthelake.B．Itinvolvesextremeweatherandbeautifulscenery.C．Itattractsmoreandmoreparticipantseachyear.D．Itisabout26kilometersinlength.2、HowdoestheBaikalIceMarathondifferfromothermarathons?A．Onlymenareallowedtoruninthisrace.B．Therunnersareoftendistractedbytourists.C．Therearemanyprogressmarkersontheice.D．Therunnerscanseethefinishinglinefromthestart.3、WhatisthemostchallengingpartoftheraceforMessina?A．Thecoldclimate. B．Thelongdistance.C．Noisysurroundings. D．Loneliness.4、Howmanyreasonsarelistedtoshowtheloneliness?A．5. B．4.C．3. D．2.Text2Policearoundtheworldhaveforalmost100yearsreliedonliedetectorstohelpspotcriminals.Buttherehaslongbeenmuchskepticisminthescientificandlegalcommunitiesabouttheliedetector’sreliability.Hopefully,itcouldsoonbenolongerinuse.ResearchersinBritainandtheNetherlandshavemadeabreakthrough,developingamorereliablemethodtohelpconductinterviews.Ratherthanjustrecordchangesinpulse,bloodpressure,sweatingandbreathing,thenewsysteminvolvesmonitoringfull-bodymotionstoprovideanindicatorofsignsofguiltyfeelings.Thereisabasicfactthatliarstendtokeepmovingtheirhandsandfeetandsoanall-bodymotionsuitwillpickthisup.Thesuitcontains17sensorsthatrecordmovementin23jointsupto120timespersecond.“Theliedetectorhasbeenaroundsincethe1920sandbymeasuringphysiologicalstresscausedbyanxiety,youcanonlygetasuccessrateofabout60%.”,saidRossAnderson,professorofsecurityengineeringatCambridgeUniversity.Hesaidthenewmethod,bycontrast,achievedareliabilityratingofover70%andhewasquitesurethattheywouldbeabletodobetter.Inoneoftheirexperiments,theteamhasalreadyachievedmorethan80%.Theexperimentinvolved180studentsandemployeesatLancasterUniversity,ofwhichhalfweretoldtotellthetruthandhalftolie.Theywereeachpaid￡7.50fortheirparticipationinthe70-minuteexperiment,involvingtwotest.Somewereinterviewedaboutacomputergame“NeverEnd”thattheyplayedforsevenminutes,whileothersliedaboutplayingithavingonlybeenshownnotesaboutit.Thesecondtestinvolvedalostwalletcontaining￡5.Somewereaskedtobringthewallettoalost-and-foundboxwhileothershiditandliedaboutit.“Overall,wecorrectlyclassified82.2%oftheintervieweesaseitherbeingtruthfulordishonest.”,thereportsaid.Buttheuseofall-bodysuitsisexpensive—theycostabout￡30,000—andcanbeuncomfortable,soAndersonandhiscolleaguesarenowlookingatlow-costalternatives.1、Theresearchersusedtheall-bodymotionsuitto.A．discoverpeople’sjointproblemsB．recordpeople’schangesintheirhealthC．helpfindoutinterviewees’mentalactivitiesD．preventliarsfrommovingtheirhandsandfeet2、Whatisthemaindisadvantageoftheliedetector?A．IthasalowsuccessrateB．ItisveryuncomfortableC．ItistoocomplextouseD．Itcostsalotofmoney3、HowdoesAndersonfeelaboutthenewmethod?A．ConfusedB．ConfidentC．DoubtfulD．DisappointedText3Three-day－oldOskarLundesleepsinasmallbedatanEstonian(愛沙尼亞)hospital.Acrosstheroom,hisfatherturnsonalaptopcomputer."Nowwewillregisterourchild,"AndreiLundesaysasheliftshisidentificationcardintothecardreader.Hiswife,Olga,lookson.Andjustlikethat,OskarisEstonia’snewestcitizen.Nopaper.Notimespentstandinginaline.Estoniahaslaunchedaprojecttomakegovernmentadministrationcompletelydigital.Thegoalistoreducethesizeofthegovernmentworkforce,openupthedecision-makingprocessandfueleconomicgrowth.Needmedicine?Reachforacomputerandsendanemailortextmessagetoadoctor.Needhelpfromthelocalgovernment?Clickonalinktothegovernmentwebsites…Estoniahascreatedasystemthatsupportselectronicauthentication(身份驗證)anddigitalsignatures.Itprovidespaperlesscommunicationsforboththegovernmentandprivateindustry.However,thereareafewthingsthatonecannotdoelectronicallyinEstonia:marry,endamarriageorbuyandsellproperty.Thatisonlybecausethegovernmenthasdecideditisveryimportanttoshowupinpersonforsomebiglifeevents.WhenEstoniadeclaredindependencefromtheformerSovietUnionin1991,ithadtobuildaneweconomy.Governmentleaderslookedforanindustrywherethecountrycouldcompete.TheydecidedoninformationtechnologyandtheInternet.Whenthepoorcountryneededtoreplacea1930sphonesystem,formerPresidentToomasHendrikIlvesrejectedtheofferofafreeanalog(模擬)systemfromFinlandandarguedforadigitalone.Lastyear,informationandcommunicationsmadeup5.9percentoftheeconomy.Thegovernmenthopestoincreasethatfigurewithan"e-residency"programthatletsbusinessmenaroundtheworldregistertheirbusinessesinEstonia,thusgainingapresenceintheEuropeanUnion.Morethan51,000peoplefrom167countrieshaveregisteredatacostofonly100euros,or＄114each.1、WhatpurposedoesParagraph1serveinthepassage?A．Toprovidebackgroundinformationofthetopic.B．Toattractreaders’attentiontothetopicC．TodescribethedailylifeofanEstonianD．TooffersomebasicknowledgeofEstonia2、InwhichcaseshallpeopleshowupinpersoninEstonia?A．Registeringanewlybornbaby.B．RegisteringabusinessC．Purchasingahouse.D．Signinganame.3、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．The"e-residency"programdidn'tworkinpracticeB．The"e-residency"programappealstonativeEstoniansC．PeopleregisterbusinessesinEstoniaatverylowpricesD．EstoniausedtobeamemberstateoftheEuropeanUnion.4、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．EstonianGovernmentAimstoEndPaperworkB．"e-residency"ProgramFuelsEstonianEconomyC．EstoniaIsBecomingStrongerWithITIndustryD．GovernmentAdministrationIsGoingDigitalText4InsiderTravelTipsforYourNextJourneyAnyonecanbookatrip,butnoteveryonecanplananadventurethat’saffordable,accommodating,andfunforeveryoneinyourgroup.AtT,weaimtoprovideyouwiththebestinsidersecretsinthetravelbusinessandastate-of-the-arttravelcomparisontooltomakeplanningeasierthanever.EmbraceTuesdayTravelThestrategyofbuyingairlineticketsonTuesdaysforthebestdealsisstillagoodidea.Forticketspurchasedthreeormoreweeksinadvance,theaveragepriceofaticketonTuesdayischeaperthananyoftheotherdaysbetweenMondayandFriday.PricesskyrocketwhenyoupurchaseonSaturdaysandSundays.AskforaCornerRoomWhenyoucheckinatahotel,askifthere’sacomerroomavailable.Theseareusuallylargerandquieterforthesamepriceasonesinthemiddleofthehall.Upgradesaremostoftenofferedattheendofthedaywhenhotelshaveabettersenseoftheiroccupancy.GettheWeeklyCarRentalRateIt’sabitpuzzlingthatcarrentalcompanieschargemorefordrivingless,buttheweeklyrateisoftencheaperthandrivingjustfourdays.Youmaybeabletogettheweeklyrateforjustfivedays,sokeepthecarabitlongerifyoucan.FillUpaReusableWaterBottleBottledwateroncruiseshipscancostupto$4!Savemoneybybringinganemptyreusableoneinyourbag.Thewateriscleanandflowsfromafilteredreservoirontheship.1、Itisgenerallythemostexpensivetobuyanairlineticketon.A．SaturdayB．TuesdayC．WednesdayD．Friday2、Youcansavemoneybythefollowingtipsexcept.A．a(chǎn)skingforaComerRoomB．takingareusablebottlewithyouC．keepingthecaraslongaspossibleD．bookanairlineticketonTuesdaysinadvance3、Thepassageistakenfrom.A．AwebsiteB．AtravelbrochureC．AscientificreportD．AlocalnewspapePartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect,Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankIt'sthattimeoftheyearagain:schoolhasstartedinfullswing,homeworkispilingupandyourealizethatyoucan’tpossiblywaitforsummernextyear“Ineedaholiday,”you1．bethinkingButwait-isitaholidaythatyoutrulyneed?Whenwethinkofholidays,wethinkoftravelling,benches,funandadventureButtherealityis,wespendmostofourholidaysonourpersonaldevicesSmartphoneshavetakentheworldbystorm,2．(influence)themannerweinteractwitheachotherDoesthissoundlikeyou?Ifso,itsoundslikeyouneedadigitaldetox(數(shù)碼產(chǎn)品戒毒期)3．itmayseemthatsendingaquicktextmessageoruploadingaphototoWechat4．(take)littletime,thesethingseventuallyaddupwithoutusevenknowingitItwasdiscoveredinastudy5．(conduct)onLastminutecomthat90percentofBritonsspendmorethanfourhoursadayusingtheirelectronicdeviceswhiletheyareonholidayWhethertogiveyourselfadigitaldetoxisadifficultdecision6．(make)Tohelpyoualong,itisprobablyagoodideatochoosearemotearea,somewhereclosetonature,7．youcantrulyrelaxyourself,andmostimportantly,not8．(tempt)toswitchonyoursmartphoneTakingatech-freeholidaywouldbeagoodtimetopickupsomethingnew,9．returntohobbieswhichyouneverhadtime10．,Youcouldsketchtheview-ofthe-coast,ortakephotoswithyouroldfilmcamera,Ifyou'regoingwithfriendsorfamily,perhapsbringalongsomeboardgamestospendtimerebuildingtiredrelationshipsDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblankUh-oh,thenewyear'sjustbegunandalreadyyou'refindingithardtokeepthoseresolutionstojunkthejunkfood,getoffthecouchorkicksmokingThere'sabiologicalreasonwhyalotofourbadhabitsaresohardtobreak–theyget1．(wire)intoourbrains"Whyarebadhabitsstronger?You'refightingagainstthepowerofanimmediatereward,"saysDrNoraVolkow,directoroftheNationalInstituteonDrugAbuseandanauthorityonthebrain'spleasurepathway"Weallascreaturesarebehavingthatway,togivegreatervaluetoanimmediaterewardasopposedto2．isdelayed,"VolkowsaysHowthisbitofhappinessturnsintoahabitinvolvesapleasure-sensingchemicalnameddopamineItcausesthebrain3．(pursue)thatrewardagainandagainstrengtheningtheconnectioneachtime–especiallywhenitgetstherighthintfromyourenvironmentPeopletendtooverestimatetheirabilitytoresisttemptationsaroundthem,thus4．(destroy)attemptstogiveupbadhabitsEvenscientistswhorecognizeit5．showweakness"IknowpopcornsarenothealthyButeverytimeIgotothecinema,Ihavetoeatit,"Volkowsays，"It'sfascinating"Amovementtopaypeopleforbehaviorchangesmayexploitthatconnection,assomecompaniesofferemployeesoutrightpaymentsorinsurancereductionforadoptingbetterhabits6．wellpayingforbehaviorplaysout,researcherssaytherearestillsomestepsthatmayhelpfightyourbrain'shold7．newly-establishedhabits:Repeat,repeat,repeatthenewbehavior–thesameroutineatthesametimeofdayYoudecidetoexerciseDoingitatthesametimeofthemorning,ratherthanfittingitincasually,8．(make)thestriatum(終腦皮層)recognizethehabitTherefore,ifyoudon’tkeepdoingit,youwillfeelfrustratedExerciseitselfraisesdopaminelevels,soeventuallyyourbrainwillgetafeel-goodhit9．yourmusclesprotestBesides,trytorewardyourselfwith10．thatyoureallydesireForinstance,ifyouexerciseallweekorsticktoyourdiet,youcouldtryafancyrestaurant-saferperhapsthanaboxofcookiesbecausethepriceinhibitsthequantitySectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)FivestepstomakeadifferencetotheoceansTheoceansarebeingseriouslypollutednow.Plasticsareharmingthemarine(海產(chǎn)的)life.Carbonpollutioniswarmingtheoceansandincreasingtheiracidity(酸度).Watersarebeingoverfished.1、Herearesomestepswecantaketohelpmakeadifference.1.Bringourownbags.2、Trycarryingareusablebagatalltimes,includingwhiletraveling,andbringingourownthingstoworktoavoidrelyingonplasticitems.2.Talkaboutitnow.Weshouldcarrythatconversationintopublicplaces.Talktoourfriendsandfamilyaboutwhytheoceanisimportantandwhywetakestepstohelpit,andchallengethemtodothesame.3.3、Agoodwaytomakeadifferenceistoorganizeagarbagecleanupnow.Whetherit’saninlandcleanuporonenearthecoast,planoneinourcommunity.4.Throwawayourcars.4、Whenwehangout,weshouldreduceourcarbonfootprint,whichmayhelpslowglobalwarmingandoceanacidificationaswellasconserveenergy5.Recycle,obviously.Expertssayrecyclingisanobviousactiontotake.Checkonwhatcanberecycledinourcommunity,andmakesureyou’reseparatingoutyourplastic.Insummary,thinkaboutitmoreandactonitmore.Themoresomeonethinksaboutplasticsandplasticspollution,theenvironmentandtheconsequencesofouractions,themorelikelytheyaretoactonit.5、A．Planacleanup.B．Choosepublictransportationoverdrivingourcars.C．Drivingcarsisnotagoodwaytoprotecttheoceans.D．However,expertssaythere’sstillhopetomakeadifference.E.However,marinelifeplaysaveryimportantroleintheoceans.F.Ifeveryonecancontributetotheoceans,theoceanswillbewellpreserved.G.Wheneverweputsomething,weshouldbringourownbag,butnotaplasticone.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。PersonalShoppersIwasshoppingwithThomas,whohasbeenworkingasapersonalshopperforthepastfiveyears.“Personalshoppersareingreatdemandthesedays,”hetoldmeaswewerewalkingpastdesignerclothesshops.1、Hesai