2022年中考英語(百色專用)復(fù)習(xí)精講教學(xué)案-專題12非謂語動詞

專題十二非謂語動詞非謂語動詞指在句中充當(dāng)除謂語以外的其他句子成分的動詞形式，可作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補語等，在句中起名詞、形容詞或副詞的作用。百色中考近8年對非謂語動詞的考查主要涉及兩種形式：動詞不定式和動名詞。過去分詞未考查。動詞不定式(2020/2019/2018考，選擇填空、完形填空考查)選擇填空。(B)1.(2021天津)WhenIwasyoung,myparentstaughtme________olderpeoplekindly.A．treatsB．totreatC．treatedD．treat(D)2.(2021大連)Don'tworry.WewillmeetnextMonday________theprojectagain.A．discussB．discussedC．discussingD．todiscuss(B)3.(2021宿遷)Thepolicemantoldthechildren________intheriver.It'stoodangerous!A．tonotswimB．nottoswimC．notswimD．notswimming(C)4.(2021南通)Thecommunityworkerispatientenough________totheoldhowtouseHealthCode(碼).A．explainB．explainsC．toexplainD．explaining(A)5.Ourgovernmenttriestodoeverythingtheycan________peopleliveabetterlife.A．tohelpB．helpC．helpingD．helped(A)6.—Whydomanyfarmersputtheirproductsonlinethesedays?—________themmoreeasily.A．TosellB．SellC．SellingD．Toselling1．動詞不定式的基本形式其基本形式是to＋動詞原形(注意省略to的動詞不定式的用法)。2．動詞不定式的用法成分用法例句主語不定式作主語時，常用it作形式主語，而把不定式后置ItisnoteasyforustospeakEnglish.對我們來說，說英語不容易。表語多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語可轉(zhuǎn)換為作主語Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.＝Tocleantheroomeverydayismywork.我的工作是每天打掃房間。賓語(2020、T50；2018、T35)通常只能跟在某些動詞后作賓語，不能用作介詞的賓語Hehopestogetagoodjobinthecity.他希望在城里找個好工作。賓語補足語(2019、T33)在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役動詞、感官動詞后，省略不定式符號toMymothermademeplaythepianoallthetime.我媽媽總是讓我彈鋼琴。定語不定式作定語，要放在所修飾的名詞或代詞后面Haveyougotanythingtosay？你有什么要說的嗎？狀語不定式作狀語，其邏輯主語要和句子的主語一致IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.我去圖書館學(xué)習(xí)英語了。動名詞(2021/2019/2017/2014考，選擇填空、完形填空、選詞填空考查)選擇填空。(D)1.(2021蘇州)Duringourholidays,weshouldavoid________upatnightandoversleepinginthemorning.A．stayB．tostayC．stayedD．staying(C)2.(2021貴港)—Mygrandmaisusedto________inthecountryside.—Oh.Soismygrandma.A．liveB．livesC．livingD．lived(B)3.(2021柳州改編)—Doesthemethodyouthoughtof________theproblemmakeanysense?—Ofcourse.A．solveB．ofsolvingC．tosolvingD．solving(C)4.—Whatdidshesayinherletter?—Shesaidshewaslookingforwardto________toherhometown.A．returnB．returnedC．returningD．returns(B)5.Thesingerwasoftenseentopractice________songsnearthewoodsthreeyearsago.A．singB．singingC．tosingD．sang1．動名詞的基本形式其基本形式由動詞的-ing形式構(gòu)成。2．動名詞的用法成分用法例句主語謂語動詞用單數(shù)Readingaloudisveryhelpful.大聲朗讀很有用。作主語時常用it作形式主語It'snousearguing.爭論是沒用的。表語多數(shù)情況下，動名詞作表語可轉(zhuǎn)化為作主語HisjobisteachingEnglish.＝TeachingEnglishishisjob.他的工作是教英語。定語表示所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等，置于修飾語之前Hecan'twalkwithoutawalkingstick.沒有拐杖他不能走路。續(xù)表成分用法例句賓語(2021、T30&T74&T76；2019、T47；2014、T72作動詞或介詞的賓語，表示一般的習(xí)慣、抽象行為或經(jīng)常性的動作Wearethinkingofmakinganewplan.我們正在考慮制訂一個新的計劃。若動名詞后跟有賓語補足語，則常用it作形式賓語Wefounditnotgoodmakingfunofothers.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)取笑他人不好。狀語(2017、T38；2014、T35)表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、行為方式或伴隨等Doyouhavedifficultygettingup？你起床有困難嗎？非謂語動詞易混用法辨析(近8年未考，僅作了解)選擇填空。(C)1.—Whydon'tthedoctorsstop________lunch?—Becausetheyarebusy________apatient.A．tohave；tosaveB．having；savingC．tohave；savingD．having；tosave(A)2.Don'tforget________theTVwhenyougotosleep.A．toturnoffB．turningoffC．toturnonD．turningon有些動詞(短語)后既可跟不定式也可跟動名詞，但含義不同。如：eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(stoptodosth.停下來去做某事,stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(remembertodosth.記得要去做某事（未做）,rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事（已做）))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(forgettodosth.忘記要去做某事（未做）,forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事（已做）))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(trytodosth.盡力做某事,trydoingsth.試著做某事))選擇填空。(B)1.(2021臨沂改編)Remembertousesunglassestostopthesunfrom________directlyinyoureyes.A．shineB．shiningC．toshineD．shone(C)2.(2021丹東)Turntheworldintoabigfamily,andwe'llmakepeople'swish________trueearlier.A．comesB．willcomeC．comeD．tocome(B)3.________withmyfather'shandwriting，mineispoor.A．CompareB．ComparedC．ComparingD．Compares(A)4.(2021益陽改編)Ourteachersdon'tallowus________mobilephonesintheschool.A．touseB．useC．usingD．used(B)5.(2021大慶)—Englishisdifficult________atthebeginning.—Yes,butifyoukeep________，youcanmakeprogress.A．tobelearned；tryingB．tolearn；tryingC．tobelearned；totryD．tolearn；totry(D)6.(2021營口)Thelecture(講座)isworth________．PleasetellJohn________late.A．a(chǎn)ttend；notbeB．toattend；tobeC．a(chǎn)ttended；tobeingD．a(chǎn)ttending；nottobe(C)7.(2021銅仁)—Look!The