定語從句講解

定語從句1.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation_____theycanseethemselvesdifferently.(09福建)thatB.whenC.whichD.where2.Ihavereachedapointinmylife_____Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown..(09浙江)A.whichB.whereC.howD.why3.Aftergraduation,shereachedapointinhercareer____sheneededtodecidewhattodo.(07江西)A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcases____beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly..(07陜西)A.whichB.whereC.howD.why5.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint_____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.(06山東)A.whereB.thatC.whichD.when6.Icanthinkofmanycases___studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.(03上海)A.whichB.whereC.howD.why7.Hehasgothimselfintoadangeroussituation____heislikelytolosecontroloftheplane.A.whereB.whichC.whileD.why----Whatabeautifulplace!----Thisisthepark____thebest.A.whereIlikeB.thatIlikeC.whatIlikeD.IlikeitBExercises2.____holdthespecialcardwillbefreeofchargeforthisbook.A.PeopleB.ThosepeopleC.ThoseonesD.ThosewhoD3.Thedays____Ispentinthecountrysideinmychildhoodwasthehappiesttime____Ihadeverhadinmylife.A.when;whenB.where;thatC.that;whichD.that;thatD4.Heisthesameteacher____spokeatthemeetingontheopeningceremony.A.asB.whomC.thatD.whoC5.Thesecondbook____IwanttoreadisTravelsinChinabyRewiAlley.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.asC6.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch______wasadvertised(登廣告）onTV.A.thatB.asC.whichD.it7.Iknowthegirl_____motherisafriendofmine.A.whoseB.whoC.whichD.ofwhom

B

A8.Haveyouseenthefilm“Titanic”,_____leadingactorisworldfamous?itsB.it’sC.whoseD.which(上海2000)9.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,_______personally（個(gè)人地）Idoubt(懷疑）verymuch.A.itB.thatC.whenD.which（NMET1999)CD1.ThegirlisJim’ssister.Wesawheryesterday.2.Let’sasktheman.Heisreadingthebookoverthere.Thegirl(that)wesawyesterdayisJim’ssister.Let’saskthemanthat/whoisreadingthebookoverthere.3.Theyplantedthetrees.Thetreesdidn’tneedmuchwater.4.Thefishwerenotfresh.Weboughtthefishyesterday.Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn’tneedmuchwater.Thefish(which)weboughtyesterdaywerenotfresh.5.TheforeignerisfromCanada.Hevisitedourschoolyesterday.6.TheboyiscalledMichael.Hebrokethewindow.TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.1.Iaminterestedineverything

thatIdon’tknow.2.ETisaboutayoungboycalledElliotwhomakesfriendswithasmallcreaturefromouterspaceandhelpshimtofindawaytogohome.3.Jawsisaboutabigwhiteshark

thatattacksswimmers

whoarespendingtheirholidaysinasmallvillagebythesea.4.Manypeople

whosawthefilmwereafraidtoswimintheseawhentheyrememberedthescenes

inwhichpeoplewereeatenbytheshark.5.InChinastudentslearnEnglishatschoolasaforeignlanguage,exceptforthoseinHongKong,wheremanypeoplespeakEnglishasafirstorasecondlanguage.6.Thereason

whyhecouldnotgotherewasthathisgradesweretoolow.定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。先行詞：代詞或名詞關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞的作用：1.引導(dǎo)定語從句2.代替先行詞3.在定語從句中充當(dāng)成分定語從句：限制性定語從句；非限制性定語從句

詞形

所指充當(dāng)從句的

關(guān)系代詞

who人主、賓、

whom人賓

which物/整句意思主、賓、

that人或物主、賓、表

as人或物主、賓、表whose(=ofwhom或=ofwhich)人或物定關(guān)系副詞when(=in等+which)時(shí)間詞狀where(=in等+which)地點(diǎn)詞狀why(=forwhich)reason狀如何判斷關(guān)系詞？

a.先行詞

b.確定關(guān)系詞/先行詞在從句中做何成分e.g.ThisisthehousewhereIworked2yearsago.Thisisthehouse（that/which/省略）

Ivisited.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.I’llneverforgettheday（that/which/省略）

wespenttogether.1.that(person/object/matter)1)

a.序數(shù)詞thefirst/last/nexte.g.HarryPotteristhefirstEnglishnovelthathehasread.

b.形容詞最高級(jí):thebest,themost,thehigheste.g.ETisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveeverseen.

c.

theonly,theverye.g.Iliketodrivetheverycarthatyoudroveyesterday2)不定代詞:nothing,all,little,much,all,every,few,any,no,none,some,something,everything,anythinge.g.Everythingthatcanbedonehasbeendone.Mostoftheparentswilldoanythingthattheycanfortheirchildren.Hehaslostallthathehasgot.Youcansellanybookthatyoudon’tknow?3)主句以

who/which開頭e.g.Whoistheboythatspoketoyoujustnow?

Whichisthebikethatyoulost?4)先行詞有人也有物時(shí)e.g.Doyouknowthethingsandpeoplethattheyaretalkingabout?Thebikeanditsriderthathadrunoveranoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.2.who/whom/whosee.g.Heistheonlymanwhocansolvetheproblem.Themanwhomyoumetinthesupermarketisafamouspoet.Iknowaboywhosefatherisanactor.Weliveinaroomwhosewindowsfacethesouth.Weliveinaroomthewindowsofwhichfacethesouth.3.which(objects)e.g.Thefilmwhichwesawlastmonthwasveryinteresting.Thisisthehouseinwhichhelivedtenyearsago./Thisisthehousewhichhelivedintenyearsago.Hetriedtocatchthattiger,whichwasimpossible.Hesaidhehadneverseenherbefore,whichwasnottrue.4.when(time)e.g.Octoberhereisamonthwhentheweatheriscool.ShecameonthedaywhenIwenttoattendthemeeting.5.where(place)e.g.ThisisaplacewhereIgrewup.Hehasgonehomewherehewillstayforamonth.6.why(reason)

e.g.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslate?That’sthereasonwhyhedidn’tattendthemeeting.7.ase.g.1).Heisnotsuchacleverboyashelooks.Ihavethesametroubleasyou(have).2).ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.ThisisthesamepenasIlost.3).ThisissuchaneasyquestionasIcananswer.ThisissuchaneasyquestionthatIcananswerit.非限制定語從句中的as,which4).Asisreportedinthenewspaper,Saddamhasletinspectorscometoinspect.

Asisknowntoall,SARSisakindofdeadlydisease.Hetriedtocatchthattiger,whichwasimpossible.1.Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour,____wastrue.(NMET2001)heB.thisC.whichD.who2.____isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.ItB.AsC.ThatD.WhatCB3.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.whatB.whichC.thatD.it4.____ismentionedabove,thenumberofstudentsinseniorschoolsisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.ItBB8.Notice:1)介詞＋關(guān)系詞基本結(jié)構(gòu)：介詞+which/whom①如何添加介詞？HegavemeapenwithwhichIcouldunderlinethekeypointsinthetext.Weneedtakethemapwithoutwhichwemaybelost.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.②

that可做介詞的賓語，但介詞不可放在that前面：e.g.Thewomanthatyoutalkedtojustnowishismother.(正)Thewomantothatyoutalkedjustnowishismother.(誤)

that不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句③“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前還可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,,each,few,等代詞或數(shù)詞。Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,threeofwhichareaboutcountrylife.Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.④復(fù)合介詞短語+which引導(dǎo)定語從句，常用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Helivedinabighouse,infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.⑤介詞+which/whom+todoThepoormanhasnohouseinwhichtolive.=Thepoormanhasnohouseinwhichhecanlive.2)主謂一致：

e.g.Thegunwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.Thegunswhichwerelosthavebeenfound.TitanicisoneofthemostwonderfulmoviesthathavebeenproducedinHollywood.Titanicisthe(only)

oneofthemostwonderfulmoviesthathasbeenproducedinHollywood.3)關(guān)系詞的省略a.作及物動(dòng)詞賓語時(shí)e.g.Thepeople(who,whom,that)wemetatthepartywereveryfriendlytous.

b.作介詞賓語時(shí)且介詞放句尾e.g.Heistheman(that,who,whom)youhavebeenlookingfor.Iwanttotakeaphotoofthegirlthat/who/whom/省略/mymothertakescareof./looksafter.Heisthemanforwhomyouhavebeenlooking.c.在從句中做表語e.g.Shanghaiisnolongerthecity(that)itusedtobe.d.在先行詞為way時(shí)e.g.Idon’tliketheway(that,inwhich,省略)youtalktosomebodyelse.

4)定語從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句：Itistheplacewheretheylivedbefore.Itisintheplacethattheylivedbefore.Where

isitthathefoundthelostwatch?Whereisthewatchthathefoundyesterday？5.定語從句與并列結(jié)構(gòu)

Hehastwosons,neitherofwhomlookslikehim.

Hehastwosons,andneitherofthemlookslikehim.

Hehastwosons.Neitherofthemlookslikehim.

第一個(gè)句子為定語從句，關(guān)系代詞whom指代twosons,在定語從句中作介詞of的賓語。第二個(gè)句子為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，由并列連詞and連接，人稱代詞them指代twosons。第三個(gè)為兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子，兩個(gè)句子中間用句號(hào)，兩句開頭處的第一個(gè)字母都大寫。

6.注意theway后接定語從句的情況that/which/inwhich/不填1.Theway______________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.2.Theway_____________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.歸納：當(dāng)way作為先行詞，在從句中作狀語時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞可用that/inwhich/不填；在從句中作賓語時(shí)，屬于定語從句的一般情況。that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填當(dāng)先行詞為situation,case,point,stage，position,degree時(shí)，并且在從句中作狀語，則用where引導(dǎo)定語從句Theaccidenthasreachedapointwhereboththeirparentsaretobecalledin.Youcan’timaginethesituationwhereIwas.Itwasterriblydangerous.Correctthesentences:

1.ThatisthelastplacewhenIwanttogoto._______

*2.Soontheycametoafarmhouse,andinfrontofwhichsatasmallboy._______*3.Thereasonwhichheexplaineditsoundsreasonable.___________

that________

why（定語從句中缺原因狀語）it(并列句）

4.Thoseatthedeskwanttobuyticketswritedownyournames._______5.Thatwasthereasonbecauseshelookedold._______6.MissChenistheonlyoneofthefewteacherswhogiveuswonderfulEnglishlessonsinourschool._______7.Taiwan,thatweknow,belongstoChina._______aswho_____________giveswhy

（定語從句中缺原因狀語）^

8.Itistheonlyoneofthebestfilmsthathavebeenshownrecently._______9.ThethirdplacewhichwearegoingtovisitisHangzhou._______10.Whichisknowntoall,manysatellitearegoingaroundinthesky._______11.Thestudentsandthingswhichyouspokeofareknowntous._______that_________hasAsthat________12.Einsteinissuchagreatscientistthatwemustlearnfrom._______13.IstillremembertheholidaysIstayedwiththem._______14.Whoistheworkerwhotooksomepicturesofthefactory._____15.ThebikebywhichItravelledwashis._______16.Whichisthebookwhichshewantstoborrow?______as___that__on____^

whenthat_____1.Isthisfactory____youvisitedtheotherday?2.Isthisthefactory____youvisitedtheotherday?3.Isthisthefactory____thesekindsofbikesaremade?A.whereB.thatC.theoneD.inthatCBAExercises4.Itisintheoldhouse____hisgrandparentslivedthatheislivingnow.5.Itistheoldhou