高一上學(xué)期英語周練三（11.26）

英語周練三滿分100考試時間80分鐘閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOverthelastcentury,engineersallovertheworldhavesparednoefforttoachievetheunachievableinbridgedesign.Danyang-KunshanGrandBridgeNobridgeisaslongastheDanyang-KunshanGrandBridgeintheworld.The164.8-kilometre-longbridgebuiltin2011inChinaoperatesaspartoftheBeijing-ShanghaiHigh-SpeedRailway.ThetripfromNingbotoJiaxingthatpreviouslytook4.5hourshasbeenreducedtotwo,thankstothisbridge.Rio-NiteróiBridgeCompletedin1974,theRio-NiteróiBridgeinBrazilisthesecond-longestbridgeinallofLatinAmericaconnectingthecitiesofRioandNiteróiacrosstheGuanabaraBay.TheRio-NiteróiBridgeistechnicallyknownasa“box-girder(箱形梁)”bridge,madeofspecialconcrete.Itreceivesanastonishing140,000(ormore)vehiclesperday.HartlandCoveredBridgeTheHartlandCoveredBridgeistheworld’slongestcoveredbridge.The1,282-foot-longbridgewasopenedin1901andhasbeenonCanada’slistofNationalHistoricSitessince1980.Althoughitwasoriginallybuiltwithoutaroof,thebridgewascappedwithwoodenmaterialsduringtherepairsin1921.JiaozhouBayBridgeThenewly-builtJiaozhouBayBridgeinChinawasnamed“world’slongestbridgeoverwater”byGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsin2011,atitlepreviouslyheldbytheLakePontchartrainCauseway.Thedisputewassettledwhenthetitleof“l(fā)ongestcontinuousbridgeoverwater”wasgiventothecauseway,withtheJiaozhouBayBridgereceivingthetitleof“l(fā)ongestbridgeoverwater”.21.Onwhichofthefollowingcantrainspass?A.Danyang-KunshanGrandBridge.B.Rio-NiteróiBridge.C.HartlandCoveredBridge.D.JiaozhouBayBridge.22.WhatisspecialabouttheHartlandCoveredBridge?A.Itisabusybridge.B.Itwasbuiltin1980.C.Ithasaroof.D.Itisawoodenbridge.23.Wherecanyoufindthelongestbridgeoverwater?A.InAmericaB.InBrazil.C.InCanada. D.InChina.BWhenArvinKuipers,whograduatedfromBeijingUniversityofChineseMedicinein2017andlovesChineseculture,askshispatientstostickouttheirtonguesohecandiagnose(診斷)theirillness,manyareconfused.Kuipers,30,practicingTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)inAmsterdamintheNetherlands,said,“InTCMIneedtodofaceandtonguediagnosis.That’sstrangeforpeopleinmycountry.”O(jiān)neelderlywomanhadbeenvisitinghimoccasionallyforadvice,butherfirstexperiencewithTCMsurprisedher.Shehadneverexperiencedacupuncture(針灸)oranyotherTCMtreatment.“Shecamein,andIexaminedherfaceandtongue,”saidKuipers.“Itoldthepatientherkidneyswerenotdoingwellandthatshewasn’tgettingpropersleep.”Thewomanwasshockedbyhisinsightandaskedifhehadbeenspyingonher.“Actually,itwaseasytodiagnoseherconditionwhenIsawthedarkringsunderhereyes.Herenergylevelswerealsoverylowatthetime.”KuipersopenedhisTCMclinicinSeptember.Mostofhisworkinvolvesperformingacupuncture,cuppingaswellastuina—aTCMmassagethatpatientsintheWestlikethemost,hesaid.Insomecaseshealsogavehispatientstraditionalherbalmedicines.KuipersusuallymakesacupofChineseteatocalmhispatientsiftheyarenervousabouttheacupunctureneedles.Healsoexplainstothemthemeridian(經(jīng)絡(luò))system,whichisacentralconceptofTCM,yinandyang,andotherconcepts.“InTCM,goodhealthrequiresbalancedyinandyang,sopractitionersnotonlypayattentiontoapatient’sillness,butalsotohisorheroverallphysicalcondition,”saidKuipers.“TCMisalsoadifferentcultureandoffersanewperspective,insteadofbeingacuringmethod.”AsofearlyApril,Kuipershastreatedmorethan200patients,manyofwhomcometohiscliniceveryweek.“TCMdoeswork,andworkswell.Mypatientsreallyfeelbetterwithit,soIvalueit,andwhenmypatientsfeelbetterIalsofeelbetter.”24.Whatcanwelearnfromtheelderlywoman’sstoryinparagraph2?A.TheelderlywomantrustedTCMtreatmentinthebeginning.B.TCMisverydifferentfromthetreatmentinhercountry.C.TheelderlywomanusedtovisitKuipersalotforTCM.D.Theelderlywomanwasshockedatherkidneysnotdoingwell.25.WhichTCMtreatmentismostwelcomedbythepatientsintheWest?A.Acupuncture.B.Cupping.C.Tuina. D.Herbalmedicines.26.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.WhyKuipers’patientsarefondofChinesetea.B.HowKuipersexplainsmeridiansystemtohispatients.C.WhyKuiperspayslittleattentiontooverallphysicalcondition.D.HowKuipersappliesChinesecultureandtreatmentstopatients.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TopraiseKuipersforhisTCMtreatments.B.TostressthevalueofteachingforeignersTCM.C.TotellthestoryofKuiperspractisingTCMintheNetherlands.D.ToshowthepopularityofTCMwithpatientsintheNetherlands.CNativetoforestsofCentralandSouthAmerica,glassfrogsintheCentrolenidaefamilygettheirnamefromtheirskinandmusclesthathelpthembeperfectlyfittoliveintheirjungleenvironment.Turnthefrogsover,wheretheeffectisthemostimpressive,andyou’llmakeouttheirhearts,livers,andotherorgansthroughtheirhyalinebellies(肚子).AndinastudypublishedinthejournalScience,researchershavediscoveredanamazingmechanism(機(jī)制)theanimalsusetobecomesoclear.Whenglassfrogsgotosleep,theytakein89percentoftheirbrightlycoloredredbloodcellsintosacs(液囊)intheirlivers,whichreflectincominglightandmakethefrogsappearnearlyunseen.Withtheirredbloodcellsoutofview,thefrogsbecometwicetothreetimesmoreclear—atrickscientistsbelievehelpstheanimalsavoidbeingkilledandeatenbytheirnaturalenemies.“Thetrickisreallyhardtodo,becausetheirtissuesarefullofthingsthattakeinandspreadlight.Andtransparency(透明)isnormalformanycreaturesinwater,buthardonland,”saysstudyco-authorJesseDelia.“Redbloodcellsalsotakeinalotoflight,andwefoundthatthefrogscanactuallyhidethemselvesbypackingthemintotheliver.”Notonlyarethefindingsinteresting,buttheresearchersattachgreatimportancetothem.That’sbecausemanyredbloodcellsinoneplaceusuallyformaclot(血塊),whichcanblockandleadtoapotentiallylife-threateningcondition.Butthefrogscanseeminglyclotandexpandtheirredbloodcellsatwill—withoutanynegativeeffects.Thismaymeantheanimalsalreadyhavewhatmedicalresearchershavebeenseekingfordecades:abiologicalmechanismwhichpreventstoomuchbleedingwhilealsopreventingtoomuchclotting.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hyaline”meaninparagraph1?A.See-through.B.Powerful.C.Narrow. D.Good-looking.29.Whatisthenewdiscoveryaboutglassfrogs?A.Thefrogsfitintheirenvironmentbetter.B.Sacsfilledwithredbloodcellsmakethefrogsclear.C.Redbloodcellsinthefrogs’liverreflectlight.D.Thefrogsareabletotakeinalotofbrightcolors.30.WhatdoesJesseDeliathinkofglassfrogs’trick?A.Interesting.B.Unusual.C.Shocking. D.Annoying.31.Whydotheresearchersconsiderthefindingsimportant?A.Theyhelpcureseriousdiseases.B.Theyareablessingforwildanimals.C.Theycanleadtoadvancesinmedicine.D.Theywillpreventallclottingandbleeding.DOneoftheocean’snoisiestcreaturesissmallerthanyou’dexpect—snappingshrimp(鼓蝦).Theycreateawidespreadbackgroundnoiseintheunderwaterenvironment,whichhelpsthemcommunicate,protecttheirhomesandhuntforfood.Whenenoughshrimpsnap(發(fā)出噼啪聲)atonce,thenoisecanbedeafening.AranMooney,abiologistatWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitution,suggestedthatwithincreasedoceantemperatures,snappingshrimpwillsnapmoreoftenandlouderthanbefore.Thiscouldraisethebackgroundnoiseoftheglobalocean.“Theymakeasoundbyclosingaclawsofast.Thismakesabubble(泡泡)andwhenthatbubblebursts,itmakesthatsnappingsound,”saidMooney.Mooneydiscoveredastrongrelationshipbetweenwarmerwatersandmorefrequentsnappingshrimpsoundsafterexperimentingwiththeshrimpintanksinthelabandbylisteningtotheshrimpintheoceanatvariouswatertemperatures.“Asthetemperaturerises,thesnaprateincreases,”hesaid.Thismakessensebecauseshrimpareessentiallycold-bloodedanimals,meaningtheirbodytemperatureandactivitylevelsarelargelycontrolledbytheirlivingenvironment.“Wecanactuallyshowinthefieldthatnotonlydosnapratesincrease,butthesoundlevelsincreaseaswell.”Howtheloudersnappingshrimpwouldaffectorbenefitthesurroundingsremainedtobeseen.“Weknowthatfishusesoundtocommunicate,”Mooneysaid.“Iftheenvironmentgetsnoisy,ithasthepossibilitytoinfluencethatcommunication.That’ssomethingwehavetofollowupon.”Thereisalsothepossibilitythatthechangeofsnappingshrimpaffectsmachineshumansusetodiscovermines,whichcouldleadtounpleasantresults.32.Whatcanweknowaboutthesnappingshrimp’ssound?A.Itaimstoprotecttheshrimp.B.Itisimportanttotheecosystem.C.Ithasdifferentusesfortheshrimp.D.Itishardtobediscoveredbyothercreatures.33.HowdoesMooneydotheexperiment?A.Byobservingsnappingshrimpinthefield.B.Byrecordingthesnapratesinthelab.C.Byanalyzingthewayshrimpmakenoise.D.Bycomparingshrimp’ssoundindifferentplaces.34.WhatmightMooneyresearchnext?A.Otherusesofshrimp’ssound.B.Influencesofthenoiseonothercreatures.C.Meansofcommunicationamongfish.D.Methodsofstoppingshrimp’ssnapping.35.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.UnderwaterWorldIsNoLongerQuietB.SmallAnimalsMakeaBigDifferenceC.WarmingOceansAreGettingLouderD.SnappingShrimp’sNoiseSpeaksMuch第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）項(xiàng)。WhattoDoWhenYouFailinLifeMostpeopleareafraidoffailure.Thetruthisthateveryone,includingallsuccessfulpeople,haseverfailedtimeaftertimeandwillfailagain.36LearnfromitNomatterhowhardyoutrytoavoid(避免，逃避)it,failurewillhappen.Havinga“nofear”attitudetowardsfailuredoesnotmeanyoushouldexpecttofail,butacceptitwhenithappens.37Failuremakesusrethink,reconsider,andfindnewwaysandstrategiestoachieveourgoals.Throughfailure,wewillgettoknowourselvesbetter.Stopfearingit38Youaresupposedtopushyourselftogotothelimits.Whenyouhaveano-fearattitudeandacceptfailurewillingly,yourdeterminationcanbemadethebestuseof.Letgoofyourself-worthWhenyourself-worthisincharge,youwillnotlearnfromthemistakesyouhavemade,beopentootherpeople’sviewsorseethesituationsclearly.39Weneedtolearn,evaluate,andlistentootherpeopleifwewanttoseewhatneedstochangeinordertosucceed.Improveyourmood(情緒)andcheerupagainWeallfeelupsetafterhavingfailed,whichisnatural,human,andunavoidable.Buthowwerespondtoourfailuresiswhatdecidesourroadtosuccess.Onewayofimprovingyourmoodislistingthethingsyouaregratefulforatthemoment,whichwillstrengthenyourpositiveemotions.40A.Thereisvalueinfailure.B.Theonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself.C.Theordinarypeopleexperiencefailure,too.D.Italwaystendstogetinthewayofyouandyoursuccess.E.Inordertoreachyourpersonalbest,youdon’tneedtofearfailure.F.Sodonotbeafraidoffailure,whichisapartofyourroadtosuccess.第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Onceayear,Igivemytwochildrenmoney.Theonly41is,theyhavetogiveitaway.Igivethemeach$100.Theyknowitisalotofmoney,sotheyare42howtheyuseit.Itistheirjobtofindoutwhoinour43isdoingthingsthattheyfeelgoodabout,andthen44whowillgetthemoney,andwhy.Givingawaymoney,evenifitisonlytenortwentydollars,isawonderfulwaytolearnaboutthe45workpeoplearedoingrightinyourownneighborhood.Itmakesusgetoutofour46zone,askaround,talktopeoplewewouldn’t47talkto,andaskquestionsaboutwhattheproblemsareandwhatpeoplearedoingtomakethembetter.Everyone48.Mykidslearnaboutthecommunityandthepowerofgiving.Andpeopleinthecommunity,whoareoftenvolunteeringtheirowntimeandmoney,feelthattheireffortsareseenand49insomeway.Lastyear,theybothchosetogivetheirmoneytoashelterforrunaway50.Theyvisitedafewplacesthat51suggestionsorinstructionstoyoungpeople,andfeltthisplacewasespeciallywelcoming.Whentheyhandedthe52tothedirector,howgoodthedayturnedouttobe.Thisexercisemaybe54asoftenaspossible.Itcannotpossiblyfail.Youdonotneedto55holidays,andyoudon’tneedchildren.Youcandoityourself,onanydayyoulike.41.A.request B.question C.pity D.action42.A.nervous B.excited C.careful D.curious43.A.school B.world C.community D.family44.A.record B.decide C.ask D.remember45.A.physical B.daily C.hard D.positive46.A.development B.time C.safety D.comfort47.A.simply B.normally C.suddenly D.accidentally48.A.gains B.laughs C.nods D.talks49.A.impressed B.honored C.spared D.made50.A.adults B.teammates C.teens D.workers51.A.offered B.collected C.taught D.created52.A.gift B.box C.list D.money53.A.return B.person C.action D.surprise54.A.spread B.repeated C.hosted D.seen55.A.believein B.wishfor C.waitfor D.setaside第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2分，滿分20分）第二節(jié)（共10小題，每小題2分，滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ScientistsinFloridahave56(successful)grownplantsinmoonsoilcollectedduringNASA’sApollomissions(任務(wù))inthe1960sand1970s.57NASA-supportedstudyattheUniversityofFloridausedsoilcollectedbyastronauts58(grow)ThaleCress2(擬南芥).Tocompareresults,plantswerealsogrowninEarthsoil59wasmadetobesimilartomoonsoil.Theresearchers60(add)waterandthenseedstothesoil,aswellasdailynutrients(營養(yǎng)物).Afterjusttwodays,theirgrowthstarted.AccordingtoProfessorAnna-LisaPaul,alltheplantslookedthesame61thesixthday.Afterthesixthday,62,itwasclearthattheplantsgrowinginmoonsoilwerenotashealthyasthosegrowinginEarthsoil.DNAtestingshowedthatthoseThaleCress263(plant)inthemoonsoilwereunderstress.Itwasalsofoundthattheplantsgrewindifferentwaysinsoilfromdifferentpartsofthemoon.Thesoilcollectedduring