Unit+4+Journey+across+a+vast+land+Discover+useful+structures高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊+

UNIT4JOURNEYACROSSAVASTLAND

LearningAboutLanguage1.Completethesentencesusingsuitablenounsintheircorrectforms.Circlethewordswhichcollocate（與……搭配）withthem.1Afterarisinginthemorning,thefirstthinghedoesistodrawthe__________.2Hewasimpressedbyher__________andcharm.3Thevisitorswereadmiringthe_________datingbacktothe17thcentury.

curtainantiquebreathbaycreature

highlightairlinebeautypeakdurationfrostbeautyantiquecurtainsBuildupyourvocabulary4Weallrememberthe______________ofthetrip—visitingtheHuangguoshuWaterfall.5Protectthe__________whichareuniquetoAustraliaandtheirnaturalhabitats.6What________didyoufly?7Itisoneofthemostdifficult________toclimbintheRockyMountains.peaksairlinecreatureshighlight8ThebeautyofQinghaiLaketookthevisitors'

________away.9Infreezingcoldwinter,windowsareoftencoveredwith______.10Wesailedintoabeautiful_______inthesouthwestofCanada.11Judyenrolledinaprogrammeofstudythatwaseightmonthsin___________,butshecompleteditinonlysixmonths.durationbayfrostbreath2.CompleteSamuel’sstorywiththecorrectphrases.1InCanada,________________________hasbeenspenttopreservetheforest,andthecountry'sdeforestationrateisamongtheworld'slowest.2Agrowingnumberofwoodworkershavedecidedtomovetothe___________forbetterjobs.

boundforcommercialworldurbanareasamassiveamountofmoneyamassiveamountofmoneyurbanareas3Aboardtheplane_________Toronto,Samuel,ayoungwoodworker,beganimaginingawholenewlifeinthebigcity.4However,healsohadsomeworries.Ideally,hewantedtomakealivinginthearts,buthealsoknewwellthatitwassomewhata_________________.boundforcommercialworld1Jane:ThewelcomepartyattheUniversityofOxford

helped

manystudentstomakenewfriends.You:Theymusthavespenta/an_________evening

together.2Jane:We’resurprisedtofindthatitiswarmerthan

usualthis

winterinLondon.You:

You’resoluckytohavea/an_______winter

here.3.SupposeyouweretalkingtoyourfriendJane.Choosethesuitableadjectivestocommentonthesituations.

awesomemildpleasantpleasantmild3Jane:WevisitedafamoustouristsiteinScotland:thebeautifulcoastlineandbreathtakinglandscape

ofStAndrews.You:Howwonderful!Youmusthavehada/an

__________experience.awesomeDiscoverUsefulStructuresPastparticiplesVSthe-ingform如果句中已經(jīng)存在一個(gè)_______動(dòng)詞，那么在沒有_____________的情況下，這個(gè)句子就是

______句，那么,另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞要選用______動(dòng)詞。Revision謂語連詞或引導(dǎo)詞簡單非謂語使用非謂語動(dòng)詞的條件：判斷下列句子應(yīng)使用謂語還是非謂語動(dòng)詞（1）Thebook__________(write)bySanMao.

（2）Ilikereadingthenovels________(write)bySanMao（3）He_____(go)intotheclassroom,openedhisbookandwroteontheblackboard.

（4）Althoughitiswinternow,thetreeintheschoolcampus____(look)beautiful.

（5）Thegirlthatlivesinthecity_____(make)aphonecalltothefarmeryesterday.

（6）Shegotoffthebus,but_____(leave)herbookinthebus.

（7）Shegotoffthebus,______(hold)herbook.

（8）_______(drive)byaburningdesireforadventure,LiMinglefthomeandstartedtotravelaroundhisearlytwentieswaswrittenwrittenwentlooksmadeleftholdingDriven確定謂語動(dòng)詞or非謂語動(dòng)詞？填非謂語動(dòng)詞：句子中已有_________且無______________。判斷非謂語動(dòng)詞的形式：12Summary謂語動(dòng)詞連詞或引導(dǎo)詞目的、將來，用_________主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行，用_________被動(dòng)、完成，用_________tododoingdone1．Forbothofthem,thethoughtofcrossingthewholecountrybyrailwasexciting.2．Beforestartingout,theyspentacoupleofdaysinVancouver,seeingthesights.3．Despitetheweather,theywereabletotakeaboatrideoutintothebay,andlatervisitanislandthathadwonderfulshopssellingcraftsandantiques.4.Seenfromthetrainwindow,themountainsandforestsofCanadalookedmassive.5.Lookingatthebeautifulscenery,theybothagreedthatitwasthemostawesomejourneytheyhadevertaken.6．However,theydidnotanticipateseeingsuchanopencountry,andweretrulyamazed.◎我的發(fā)現(xiàn)句1中動(dòng)詞-ing形式作_____；句2、5中動(dòng)詞-ing短語作_____；句3中動(dòng)詞-ing短語作_____；句4中過去分詞短語作_____；句6中過去分詞作_____。表語狀語定語狀語表語Readanddiscoverv-ingVSv-ed作狀語的區(qū)別030201感覺類及物動(dòng)過去分詞與動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語的區(qū)別詞的作定語的區(qū)別

a

（fly)bird（一只飛鳥）

a

（fall)leaf（一片落葉）___________（rise)sun（冉冉升起的太陽）

（pollute)water（污水）

the

（rule）class（統(tǒng)治階級）

the

（rule)class(被統(tǒng)治階級）flyingfallenrisingpollutedrulingruled語態(tài)上的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞—主動(dòng)；過去分詞—被動(dòng)現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)和過去分詞(V-ed)作定語時(shí)間上的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在分詞—正在進(jìn)行；過去分詞—已經(jīng)完成現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)和過去分詞(V-ed)作定語

一片葉子：a

（fall)leaf（正在飄落）

a

（fall）leaf(已經(jīng)落下)一個(gè)國家：a

（develop）country（發(fā)展中）

a

（develop）country(發(fā)展過)水：

（boil）water（正在沸騰）

(boil)water(已經(jīng)燒開)fallingfallendevelopingdevelopedboilingboiled1補(bǔ)全句子①Theman_______________isourteacher.站在那里的那個(gè)人是我們的老師。②Idon'tlikethecomposition__________________．我不喜歡用鉛筆寫的作文。standingtherewritteninpencil現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)和過去分詞(V-ed)作表語注意：①現(xiàn)在分詞作表語表示主語的特征(令人/使別人感到……)（修飾物）

②過去分詞作表語表示主語的狀態(tài)或者主觀心理感受。（修飾人）英語中有很多與感覺有關(guān)的及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞都變成了形容詞,和系動(dòng)詞(be,seem,remain,feel,look等)連用作表語，或者用作定語修飾名詞Ithinktennisisanexcitingsport.我認(rèn)為網(wǎng)球是一項(xiàng)令人興奮的運(yùn)動(dòng)。Hasitbeenawhilesinceyourlastvisittoapubliclibrary?Ifso,youmaybesurprisedtolearnthatlibrarieshavechangedforthebetter.你上次去公共圖書館已經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間了嗎？如果是這樣的話，你可能會(huì)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)圖書館已經(jīng)變得更好了。Hiswordsarediscouraging,whichmademanypeoplediscouraged.他的話令人泄氣，使得很多人灰心喪氣。exciting令人激動(dòng)的excited激動(dòng)的，興奮的surprising令人驚訝的surprised

驚訝的encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged受到鼓舞的frightening令人驚恐的frightened受驚的interesting令人感興趣的interested感興趣的moving令人感動(dòng)的moved感動(dòng)的pleasing令人高興的pleased高興的shocking令人震驚的shocked震驚的tiring令人勞累的tired感到勞累的worrying令人擔(dān)心的worried擔(dān)心的satisfying令人滿意的satisfied滿意的puzzling令人迷惑的puzzled迷惑的Readandmemorize過去分詞作表語時(shí)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別【Readanddiscuss】

Thecupisbroken.ThecupwasbrokenbyTom.杯子破了。（系表結(jié)構(gòu)—狀態(tài)）杯子是湯姆打破的。（被動(dòng)語態(tài)—?jiǎng)幼鳎㏒ummary：過去分詞作表語時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語所處的_______，而動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，強(qiáng)調(diào)_______。狀態(tài)動(dòng)作【Practice】TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnlglish.①門是關(guān)著的。

____________________________________②門被他關(guān)上了。

____________________________________Thedoorisclosed.Thedoorwasclosedbyhim.2用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Likehumans,polarbearscanfeelpain,haveemotionsandcanbe___________

(frighten).②Afterthe___________

(satisfy)explanation,the________

(puzzle)studentlooked__________

(delight).frightened

satisfyingpuzzleddelighted現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)和過去分詞(V-ed)作狀語youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.thecitylookslikeabiggarden.thegirlwasveryhappy.theywenttobed.when/how?when/how?when/why?when/why?Seeingfromthehill,Seenfromthehill,Havingfinishedhishomework,區(qū)別：過去分詞與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的______關(guān)系,即表示被動(dòng);動(dòng)詞-ing與句子的主語之間存在邏輯上的_______關(guān)系,即表示主動(dòng)。動(dòng)賓主謂Encouragedbytheteacher,作用：分詞在句中作狀語時(shí),修飾謂語動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子，說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的__________________________伴隨、結(jié)果、讓步情況等，其邏輯主語是句子的主語。相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句或and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)間、原因、條件、方式、主你從山上看風(fēng)景主動(dòng)關(guān)系城市被人從山上看到謂動(dòng)賓被動(dòng)關(guān)系主他們已完成作業(yè)主動(dòng)關(guān)系謂女孩被老師鼓勵(lì)動(dòng)賓被動(dòng)關(guān)系分詞作狀語記憶口訣分詞作狀語，主語是問題。前后兩動(dòng)作，共用一主語。主語找出后，再來判關(guān)系。主動(dòng)用-ing,被動(dòng)用-ed。havingdone表先后，千萬要牢記。3用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Theteachersstoodthere________

(talk)，___________

(surround)bythestudents.②_______

(see)thecat,themouseranoff.③______________

(wait)forhours,heleftindisappointment.talkingsurrounded

Seeing

Havingwaited

ReadanddiscoverLost/Absorbedindeepthought,shedidn’thearthesound.由于陷入沉思，所以她沒有聽到那個(gè)聲音。Dressedinanewdress,shelooksverybeautiful.穿著一件新衣服，她看上去很漂亮。注意1：部分過去分詞來源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語時(shí)不表示“被動(dòng)關(guān)系”而重在描述主語的狀態(tài)，其前不用being。這樣的過去分詞及短語常見的有：lostin(陷入某種狀態(tài))、seated(坐著的)、hidden(躲著)、lost/absorbed(沉溺于)、dressedin(穿著)、tiredof(厭煩了)等。1.________(give)thathehasworkedforawholeday,hedeservestohavearest.對比：_______(give)himthechance,Ididn’tfeelregretful.2.____________(consider)thesituation,hedecidedtotellthetruth.對比：__________(consider)oneofthesevenworldwonders,theGreatWallattractmillionsoftouristseveryyear.3.Frankly_________(speak),Idolovehim.GivenConsideringspeaking注意1：given(鑒于)/considering(考慮到)/judgingfrom等可獨(dú)立引導(dǎo)句子，作用相當(dāng)于介、連詞GivingConsidered即學(xué)即練P41練習(xí)1.PracticeandApplyseefrightenheadamazeThegirlswere___________toseesuchanopencountry.即學(xué)即練amazed修飾感到驚訝的姑娘們看到如此廣袤的國家甚為驚訝。這些農(nóng)場面積之大令人驚訝。Thefarmcoveredaverylargearea,whichwas__________.amazing修飾令人驚訝的表語seefrightenheadamaze2.Goingintothewildernessalonecanbe___________.即學(xué)即練frightening修飾獨(dú)自一人進(jìn)入荒野令人害怕。你一個(gè)人進(jìn)入荒野感到害怕嗎？

Doyoufeel________whengoingintothewildernessalone?frightened修飾令人害怕的表語感到害怕的seefrightenheadamaze_______fromthetopofthemountain,thescenerywasreallyfascinating.即學(xué)即練Seen景色被人從山頂上看到從山頂往下望，景色令人著迷。我在山頂看風(fēng)景，被秋天絢爛的色彩深深吸引。_______thesceneryfromthetopofthemountain,Iwasfascinatedbytheautumncolours.Seeing人從山頂看風(fēng)景狀語被動(dòng)關(guān)系主語主語主動(dòng)關(guān)系即學(xué)即練________eastwards,youwillpasstheCanadianRockies.Finally,thecompany—_______byitsnewmanager—staredtomakeaprofit.HeadingseefrightenheadamazeHeaded主動(dòng)關(guān)系被動(dòng)關(guān)系狀語往東，你會(huì)經(jīng)過加拿大落基山脈。最終，在新經(jīng)理的帶領(lǐng)下，公司開始盈利。即學(xué)即練excitesatisfytireboreP41練習(xí)2即學(xué)即練

boreexcitetiresatisfy1.Webecame________whenthinkingaboutthosebeautifullocationsinFinland.Weexpectedtoexperiencealotof_______thingsthere.想到芬蘭那些美麗的地方我們激動(dòng)起來。我們期待在那里檢驗(yàn)很多令人激動(dòng)的事情。excitedexciting感到激動(dòng)的令人激動(dòng)的做表語做定語P41練習(xí)2.即學(xué)即練

boreexcitetiresatisfy2.Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecausewewereso_______.Theeight–hourtrainridewasquite________.由于疲乏，我們一到賓館就上床休息了。長達(dá)八個(gè)小時(shí)的火車行程令人疲憊不堪。tiredtiring感到累的令人疲倦的做表語做表語即學(xué)即練

boreexcitetiresatisfy3.

I

was

not

_________withthehotel.ItwasnotascleanasIexpected.Butwehada________mealatthehotel’srestaurant,soIfeltabitbetterlateron.我對這家賓館不滿意，它的衛(wèi)生狀況沒有達(dá)到我的預(yù)期。不過我們在賓館餐廳吃的那頓飯令人滿意，因此后來我感覺好一些了。satisfiedsatisfying感到滿意的做表語令人滿意的做定語即學(xué)即練

boreexcitetiresatisfy4.Itwasraininghardthenextday,sowejuststayedinthehotelandwatchTV.Sadly,theTVprogrammesthatdaywere_______.Aswehadnothingelsetodo,wefeltpretty_______.第二天下起了大雨，因此我們只是帶在賓館看電視。不幸的是，當(dāng)天的電視節(jié)目索然無趣。我們無所事事，感覺百無聊賴。令人厭煩的做表語boringbored感到厭煩的做表語P41練習(xí)3.即學(xué)即練Example:

Step1切分主句與改寫部分Step2找到改寫部分的動(dòng)詞Step3找到邏輯主語Step4確定主被動(dòng)關(guān)系改寫部分主句部分時(shí)間狀語被動(dòng)關(guān)系即學(xué)即練P41練習(xí)3.Rewritethesentences

ButchartGardenswastransformedfromaquarry.Ithasnowbeco