2023-2024學年北京海淀區(qū)八一學校高二（上）期中英語試題及答案

2023北京八一學校高二（上）期中英語第一部分知識運用共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。Robmadeendsmeetforhisfamilyasahandyman,doingoddjobs()aroundthearea.Butthoseoddjobsquicklydriedupduetoafinancialcrisis.Thenhelosthisapartment.This___1___hisfamilyintorentingamotelroom.havetopayrenteveryandI’mrunning___2___onRobsaid.the___3___handymantookthestreetswithasignthatread:“Handyman,25yearsexp.,Needwork.”Robaskingformoneyorlookingforahandoutbutratherforanopportunityearnhis___4___.Robstoodonthesideofthehighwayholdinghissignforaweek.Thetemperatureswerescorching(灼熱的)buthe___5___thehoteachdayinthehopesoffindingwork.Someonetookaphotoofhimand___6___onsocialmedia!Kyle,theownerofGreenstarHomeRemodeling,sawphotoonline.Andhethehandymanachancetohelphimgetbackonhisfeet.KylebroughtRobontohelpwithsomedemolition(拆除的)work.Robevenaskhowmuchthejobpaid.Hejustshowedup.“I___7___outasaandthenIbecamealandscaper—roofing—whatevercouldmakemoneyat,”thehandymanexplained.Rob___8___intendsputhisallintoworkingforKyleforaslongasKylehasjobsforhim.Andafterseeingdedicationand___9___,Kyleiswillingtodoallhecantohelpthebuildabrighterfuture.Sometimesallsomeoneneedsistobegivena____10____.1.A.fooled2.A.deepB.forcedB.freeC.frightenedC.hardD.persuadedD.short3.A.careless4.A.fameB.aimlessB.timeC.unwillingC.livingD.unemployedD.place5.A.braved6.A.leaked7.A.reached8.A.fullyB.escapedB.checkedB.startedB.hardlyC.expectedC.sharedD.enjoyedD.clickedD.hungC.droppedC.possiblyD.casuallyD.interestD.chance9.A.driveB.curiosityC.creativityB.choiceC.challenge10.A.lesson第二節(jié)(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Mostpeoplebelievewhentheyareliving(comfortable)andearningenoughtheywillhavenoworries.mostpeopleneverfeeltheyhaveearnedenough.JasonHarleydecided____12____(drop)outofthiskindoflifestyle,andhediscoveredthathavingonlyalittlemoneymadehimfree.Arethereanythingshemissesfromhispast?“No,I’mmuchhappier____13____Iamlivingaccordingmyvalues.Success____14____(measure)byhowyouunderstandthetruemeaningoflife.”B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。aredrowningaseaoffreeinformation.TheInternetisinourbusinesses,homesandourbedrooms.Anarmyofdesignersanddataengineersspendtheirworkinglife____15____(figure)outwaysmakeusstaypluggedinOurdesiresarerepackagedbygianttech____16____(company)andthensoldbacktousunderthecoveroffreecontent,butitfree.payingforitwithinvisiblecurrencies,suchasourtimeand____17____peopleareonlynowbeginningunderstand.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Whilebottledwaterisconvenient,itisreallybadfortheenvironment.Notonlydoescreaterubbish,butitalso____18____(use)moreresourcesbecauseisshippedthestore.bemoremakeit____19____habitcarryareusablewaterbottlewithyoueverywheresothatyoucandrinkwateronthego.Plasticbottlesareusuallythe____20____(light)andconvenient.canalsofindglasswaterbottlesthatareagreatchoiceifyoulikeusingplastic.第二部分閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。APicnicShelterReservationsParksandRecreationmaintainsfourcoveredpicnicsheltersthatareavailablereservationthefollowingparks:●FisherBasinCommunityPark●LeroyHaagenMemorialPark●MarineCommunityPark●MarshallCommunityParkPicnicsheltersareavailablereservebetweenMay1andSeptember30eachReservationsarefortheentiredaywithareservationfeeof$100.Whennotreserved,sheltersareavailableforfree.Reserveapicnicshelterbycalling360-487-7100.ShelterReservationCancellationPolicyIfcanceledonemonthormorebeforetherentaldate,100%ofthewillberefunded.Ifcanceled1-4weeksbeforetherentaldate,75%ofthefeewillberefunded.Norefundswillbegrantedthereservationiscanceledlessthanoneweekpriortotherentaldate.FrequentlyAskedQuestionsQ:Isthereawayfindoutifaneventisalreadyscheduledapark?ContactMarshallCommunityCenterat360-487-7100tofindoutabouteventstakingplaceinourparks.Q:Whatamenities(areincludedwithapicnicshelterreservation?Reservationsincludeuseofallpicnictableslocatedwithintheshelterandcentricity(thereisnoelectricityatMarinePark).Playgroundamenitiesandrestroomswillbesharedwiththepublic.ParkUsePermitsDependingonthetypeofeventyou’rehosting,youwillneedtogetaParkUsePermitfromParksandRecreation.AParkUsePermitgivesyoupermissiontobringspecialitemsandequipmentintothepark.21.Accordingtothepassage,picnicshelters________.A.allowvisitorstohosteventsB.canbeusedforfreewhennotreservedC.areavailabletoreserveyearroundD.picnictablesorelectricity22.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.explaintherulesofparkmanagement.B.recommendsheltersofdifferentparks.C.introducethefunctionsofpicnicshelters.D.provideinformationofshelterreservations.23.Whereisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?A.AbookB.Anewsreport.C.Atravelbrochure.D.Asciencejournal.BWhenschoolstartedonthatwarmAugustIthrewmyselfintoeverythingIdid,includingplayingvolleyball.Iwantedtobecomebeautiful,orattheveryleast,IstoppedeatingSoonIbeganlosingweight,whichthrilledme,andIevengrewtolovethetirednessandlightheadednessthatcamewithmypoordiet,forthosefeelingsmeantthatIwaswinning.Astheseasonprogressed,thingshadbecometensebetweenheadvolleyballcoach,CoachSmith,andme.Shefeltthatsomethingwaswrongwithhealth.ShetalkedwithaboutmyeatingandwasangrythatIwouldn’tlistentoherwhenshetriedtomakeeat.triedtopersuademeinadeterminedandwefoughtThenhungerstartedtomyperformance.Iwassotiredthatpracticeandgameswerebecomingastruggle.afternoon,withhurtinhereyes,CoachSmithaskedmewhatIhadeatenandItoldhernothingyet,butIwasgoingto.Shelookedatme,disappointmenthereyes,knowingmakemestop,andwalkedAcoupleofweekslaterIattendedaformaldinnerforourvolleyballteam.Istoodthereascoachmanagedtosaysomethingniceaboutme.IrealizedthenthatIhadruinedsenioryearbybeingdisrespectful,andIhadprobablyruinedhersaswell.SothateveningIwroteheraletterapologizingandthankingThenoneasIwasreadinginIfeltsomeonegentlytakemyarmandsayJones,howyoudoing?”Ilookedupandsawthefamiliarface.“Thanksfortheshesaid.“Itmeantalot.”WhenIthinkofacoach,Ithinkofsomeoneaboveme,someonewhogivesinstruction—notafriend.ButCoachSmithdifferent,and,likeanyothergoodfriend,shedealtwithmyprobleminadeterminedevenwhenIhatedherforitthattime.Ideserveherkindness,butshegaveIwillforeverbegratefulforherhelp,andnowforherfriendship.24.TheauthorfoughtwithCoachSmithbecause________.A.sherefusedtogoonadietB.shecausedfailureofherteamC.shechangedthetrainingcourseD.shekeptherideaoflosingweight25.WhydidauthorwritealetterCoachSmith?A.Shefeltsorryforeatingtoolittlefood.B.Shedesiredtoimproveherperformance.C.Shewasgratefulforcareforherhealth.D.ShewantedtobuildacloserelationshipwithSmith.26.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.UnexpectedFriendshipB.AFightwithMyCoachC.AStrictCoachD.MyofLosingCOnegardenersmightnotjusthearthebuzzofbeesamongtheirflowers,butthewhirrofrobots,too.Scientistshavemanagedtoturnanunassumingdrone無人機)intoaremote-controlledpollinator(授粉媒介)byattachinghorsehairscoatedwithaspecial,stickygelitsAnimalpollinatorsareneededforthereproductionof90%offloweringplantsandonethirdofhumanfoodcrops.Chiefamongthosearebees—butmanybeepopulationsintheUnitedStateshavebeeninsteepdeclinerecentdecades.Thus,thedeclineofbeesisn'tjustworrisomebecauseitcoulddisruptecosystems,butalsobecauseitcoulddisruptagricultureandPeoplehavebeentryingtocomeupwithreplacementtechniques,butnoneofthemareespeciallyeffectiveyet.Scientistshavethoughtaboutusingdrones,buttheyhaven'tfiguredhowtomakefree-flyingrobotinsectsthatcanrelyontheirownpowersourcewithoutbeingattachedtoawire.verytoughwork,”saidseniorauthorEijiroMiyako,achemistattheNationalInstituteofAdvancedIndustrialScienceandHisparticularcontributiontothefieldinvolvesagel,onehe’dconsideredamistake10yearsbeforeandstuckinastoragecabinet.Whenitwasrediscoveredadecadeitdriedupordegradedall.“IwassosurprisedbecauseitstillhadhighMiyakoThechemistnoticedthatwhendropped,thegelabsorbedanimpressiveamountofdustfromtheMiyakorealizedthismaterialcouldbeveryusefulforpickinguppollen(花粉).HeandhiscolleagueschoseadroneandattachedhorsehairstoitssmoothsurfacemimicafuzzyTheycoatedthosehorsehairsinthegel,andthencontrolledthedronesoverlilies,wheretheywouldpickupthepollenfromoneflowerandthendepositthepollenatanotherone,thusfertilizingit.Thescientistslookedatthehairsunderascanningelectronmicroscopeandcountedupthepollengrainsattachedtothesurfaceandfoundthatthedroneswhosehorsehairshadbeencoatedwiththegelabout10timesmorepollenthanthosethathadnotbeencoatedwiththegel.Miyakodoesnotthinksuchdroneswouldreplacebeesbutcouldsimplyhelpbeeswiththeirpollinatingduties.alotofworktobedonebeforethat'saSmalldroneswillneedtobecomemorecontrollableandefficient,aswellaswithbetterGPSandartificialintelligence.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“viscosity”Para.3probablymean?A.Hardness.B.Stickiness.D.C.28.canlearnfromthepassagethat______.A.beesdisruptbothagricultureandeconomyB.scientistshaveinventedself-poweredrobotinsectsC.beesintheUnitedStatesareontheedgeofextinctionD.Miyakofoundthespecialfeatureofthegelbychance29.Adroneworksbestinpickinguppollenwhen______.A.itsbodyismadelikeaB.itsGPSworksmoreefficientlyC.someflowersarecoatedwiththegelD.horsehairswiththegelattached30.AccordingtoEijiroMiyako,thedrones______.A.arenotyetreadyforpracticaluseB.mayeventuallyreplacebeesinfutureC.aremuchmorethanbeepollinatorsD.canprovideasolutiontoeconomicdepressionDLotsofhumanscannotresistinterpretingdogs'facesinthetermsdefinedbyhumanlanguages.Apuppylickingyourcheekenthusiasticallyisgivinga"kiss".Ifdogscouldspeakliketheirowners,manyhumanswanttowhatwouldtheirdogshavesay?IntothemarketforanswersstepChristinaauthorofthebookHowStellaLearnedandAlexisDevine,theownerofastarwithover6.3mfollowers.Aftercarefultraining,bothStellaandBunnycanpawaseriesofbuttonsthatmakearecordedvoicespeakoneofseveraldozenprogrammedwords.BothMs.DevineandMs.Hungerclaimthattheirdogsusinglanguage.Humanlinguiststendtobeskepticalof"talking"animals.understandconsiderNoamChomsky'scriticalreviewofBehaviour"byapioneerinbehavioralSkinnerdescribedhumanlanguageacquisitionashedidotherlearnedbehaviours:thestrengtheningofaresponseafterconditioningwithastimulus.Ifsaying"food"getsyoufood,you'remorelikelytosayit.Skinnerwrotethat"ifweareshownaprizedworkofartandshout‘Beautiful!',thespeedandoftheresponsewillhaveanontheChomskynotedthatthisreasoningmightleadpeople"tocryout'Beautiful'aloudvoice,repeatedlyandwithnodelay".Realhumans,bycontrast,mightfactshowappreciationthroughalongmomentofsilence,andthenbarelywhisperedpraise.Ms.Hungercameupwithherbuttonsystemafterworkingwithchildrenwerenotdevelopinglanguagenormallyundhashelpedanyyoungstersexpressthemselvesbetter(oftenwithtabletcomputers).Butsomedogexpertsdislikethepracticeofforcingword-basedcommunicationontodogs.focusingabasickindoflanguagethatseemshuman,itignoresdogs'abilitiesexpressthemselvesintheirways.Dogsarefondofeachwhoareusingsensitivenosestoexchangeinformation,aboutage,healthandotherthings.Dogsurinatefrequentlynot,asonceassumed,primarilytoclaimbutleavesimilarinformationforothers.Posture,too,conveysmassesofinformationbetweendogs;eyes,earsandteethcontributetoarangeofmessagestransmittedbetweenthem.theirownvocalizations,thoughhardlyofthewords-and-syntaxtypethatmakeuphumanlanguage,arecomplicated.Scientistshaveyetreportonthe"talking"abilitiesofdogslikeStellaandthemeantime,ordinaryownerscanhaveatrainingtheirdogswiththeadviceMs.HungerOrtheycananotherapproach:buyoneofthemanygoodbooksonunderstandinghowdogsnaturallycommunicate,andspendthetimetheymightinvestinprogrammingbuttonsongettingknowtheirpetsinstead.Eventhebest-traineddogisapoorconversationalistinhumanterms—butabrilliantoneontheirown.31.WhydoestheauthormentionStellaandBunny?A.presentanattempt.B.putforwardaD.proveassumption.C.settle32.Whatcanlearnfromthepassage?A.ChomskyfurtherdevelopedbehavioralB.Devine'sandHunger'spracticesagreewithSkinner'sC.Languageacquiredbystrengtheningaconditionedresponse.D.Hunger'sbuttonsystemhelpschildrenexpressthemselves33.Accordingtothethosetrytoprovedogs'languageability________.A.ignoredogs'psychologicalneedsB.suggestanewwaytogettoknowdogsD.believedogshavetheirownlanguagesystemC.failacknowledgewhatmakesadogadog34.Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveytodogowners?A.AdogdeservesmorecareandB.canhelpadoglearnhumanlanguage.C.Improvingtheirunderstandingofpetscrucial.D.Researchanimalbehaviorstillhasalonggo.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑，選項中有兩項為多余選項。HealthySee,HealthyDothegrocerystoreemptystomach,andyouprobablyhomewithafewthingsyoudidnotplanhungerisnottheonlycauseofadditionalpurchases.Thelocationofstoredisplays(擺放)alsoinfluencesourshoppingchoices.___35___Thecheckoutareaisaparticularhotspotforjunkfood.Studieshavefoundthattheproductsmostcommonlyfoundtheresugaryandsaltysnacks.___36___A2012studyintheNetherlandsfoundthathospitalworkersweremorelikelytogivejunkfoodforhealthysnackswhenthelatterweremorereadilyavailableoncanteenshelves,example.In2014NorwegianandIcelandicresearchersalsofoundthatreplacingunhealthyfoodswithhealthyonesinthecheckoutareasignificantlyincreasedlast-minutesalesofhealthierfoods.___37___Ithasbeenworkingwithmorethan1,000storeownerstoencouragethemtoorderandpromotenutritiousfoods.knowthatthestoresarefullofcues(暗示)meanttoencourageconsumption,”saysAdjoian,aresearchscientistatthedepartment,“Makinghealthyfoodsmoreconvenientorappealingcanleadtoincreasedsalesofthoseproducts.”Adjoianandcolleagueswonderedifsuchfindingswouldapplytheircrowdedurbancheckoutareas,theyselectedthreeBronxsupermarketstheirown___38___Thentheyrecordedpurchasesoversixthree-hourperiodsineachstorefortwoweeks.Ofthemorethan2,100shopperstheyobserved,just4percentboughtanythingfromthecheckoutarea.Amongthosewhodid,customersinthehealthylinespurchasednutritiousfoodsmorethantwiceasoftenasthoseinthestandardlines.___39___ThefindingswerereportedSeptembertheJournalofNutritionEducationandBehavior.Thepotentialinfluencemayseemsmall,Adjoianbelievesthatchangingmorecheckoutlineswouldopencustomers’eyestonutritious,lower-caloriefoods.HealthdepartmentofficialsarenowexploringwaystoexpandhealthyoptionsatcheckoutcountersthroughoutNewA.ThesefoodsgivepeoplemoreB.Theyboughtunhealthyfoods40percentlessoften.C.Anditmaymakeorbreaksomehealthyeatinghabits.D.Thesupermarketsbegantonutritious,lower-caloriefoods.E.ThesefindingscaughttheattentionofNewCityDepartmentofHealth.TheyreplacedcandiesandcookieswithfruitsandnutsnearthecheckoutG.Andafewstudieshavesuggestedthatsimplyswappinginhealthieroptionscanchangecustomer第三部分書面表達共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第、41題各2分，第題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。Fromthecheekysoundofawhoopeecushionaspring-loadedspiderrocketingfromaglass,pranks(惡作劇)areapopularwayofmakingfunofothersgettingalaugh.Whilesomeexpertspointoutpotentialnegatives,prankingcanalsodecreasestress,raiseasmile,andstrengthenrelationships.littlewonderthatbest-sellingauthorMattStantonhasshapedhislatestbookaroundpranksforyoungjokesters.PartofhisFunnyKidbookseries,PrankAliens,isaboutaboynamedMaxissearchingforthegreatestprankofalltime.Stantonsaidthatprankingthehomecanbuildstrongrelationshipsbetweenparentsandkids.“Someofthebestrelationship-buildingmomentsIhavewithownkidsarewhenIenterintotheirspace,”Stantonsaid.“Anadultjoiningtheirgamescanbesurprisingforkidsandbringwonderfulmomentsofagreatwaytodemonstratetoourkidsthatwecanlaughatourselvesandstillfeellovedandsecure,”headded.Butplayingtrickscancomewithunintendedconsequences,saidpsychiatristMarkCross.Pranksthatareintendedharmorembarrasscanangertheandevenruinarelationship.Crossalsoadded“Prankingcanbegoodwhentheoutcomeislaughterforeveryone,includingtheprankedperson.canbeagreatreleaseofstress.Whenyoulaugh,youbreathewhichhelpseaseSowhynottrysomepranks?vegetablesandshoesupaspresentsforkidsontheirbirthdaysalwaysgetsagreatreaction.Puttingplasticspidersinguests’drinksorplacingawhoopeecushiononanunsuspectingchairissuretocauseabellylaugh.Allthesemightjustbegoodforyouandeveryoneinvolved.40.Whatarebenefitsofpranking?41.Whencanpranksangertheorevenruinarelationship?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainPrankingisgoodwheneveryonelaughsattheprankedperson,sincelaughter.43.Inadditionpranking,whatotherwayscanyouusetostrengthenrelationshipswithfamilymembers?(Inabout40)第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學高二學生李華。你們學校下周五將要舉辦“綠色生態(tài)校園”的主題日活動。請你給交換生Jim寫一封郵件，邀請他參加此次活動，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動安排和活動內(nèi)容；2.詢問對方意向。注意：1.1002.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LiHua參考答案第一部分知識運用共兩節(jié)，分)【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.C5.A6.C7.B8.A9.A10.D【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了羅伯因經(jīng)濟危機而失去了房子和公寓，于是他只好在街上舉著牌子找工作，尋找謀生的機會，最后雇主凱爾看到羅伯如此有干勁和懂得奉獻，于是盡力幫助他?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這迫使他的家人租了一個汽車旅館房間。A.fooled愚弄；干傻事；B.forced強迫；用力推；C.frightened使害怕；D.persuaded勸說。根據(jù)前文“Butthoseoddjobsquicklydriedupduetoafinancialcrisis.Thenhelosthisapartment.(但由于金融危機，這些零工很快就枯竭了。然后他失去了他的公寓)”可知羅伯家由于經(jīng)濟危機失去了他們的公寓，這迫使他們租住在汽車旅館里。故選B。【2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我們每天都要付房租，我的錢快用完了，”羅伯說。A.deep深的；B.free自由的；免費的；C.hard困難的；硬的；D.short短的；矮的。根據(jù)前文“Butthoseoddjobsquicklydriedupdueafinancialcrisis.(但由于金融危機，這些零工很快就枯竭了)”可知羅伯失去工作又遇上經(jīng)濟危機，由此可推知他的錢快用完了。runshort是一個人固定短語，意為：用完。故選D?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，這位失業(yè)的雜工走上街頭，舉著一個牌子，上面寫著：“雜工，25年經(jīng)驗，需要工作?！?。A.careless粗心的；B.aimless沒有目標的；C.unwilling不愿意的；D.unemployed未被雇用的，失業(yè)的。根據(jù)前文“Butthoseoddjobsquicklydriedupduetoafinancialcrisis.(但由于金融危機，這些零工很快就枯竭了)”可知羅伯失去了工作，處于失業(yè)狀態(tài)。故選D。【4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：羅伯不是要錢，也不是要別人施舍，而是要一個謀生的機會。A.fame名譽，名氣；B.time時間；C.living生計，收入；生活方式；D.place地方。根據(jù)前文羅伯失業(yè)，錢快用完的細節(jié)可以推知他目前只是想謀生。earnliving謀生。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然氣溫越來越高，但他每天都勇敢冒著烈日，希望能找到工作。A.braved勇B.escaped逃離；C.expected期望；D.enjoyed享受。根據(jù)前文“Thetemperatureswerescorehing(灼熱的)”可知羅伯每天勇敢冒著烈日，期待找到工作。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有人拍了他的照片并在社交媒體上分享了!A.leaked滲入，漏出；B.checked檢查，核對；C.shared分享；D.clicked（用鼠標）點擊；發(fā)出咔嗒聲。根據(jù)下文“itonsocialmedia!”可知是將照片分享在網(wǎng)上。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我一開始是一個畫匠，然后我成為了一個庭院設(shè)計師——屋頂設(shè)計師——任何能賺錢的行業(yè)，”勤雜工解釋說。A.reached到達；B.started開始；dropped掉下；D.hung懸掛。根據(jù)下文“outasaandthenIbecamealandscaper—roofing—whatevercouldmakemoneyat”可知此處指羅伯最開始當過畫匠來謀生。故選B。【8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：只要凱爾還有工作給他，羅伯就會全力以赴為他工作。A.fully充分地，完全地，徹底地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.possibly可能地；D.casually隨意地，漫不經(jīng)心地；臨時地；偶然地。根據(jù)下文“puthisallintoworkingforKyleforaslongasKylehasjobsforhim”可知羅伯只要有工作就會全力以赴去做。故選A。【9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在看到羅布的奉獻和干勁后，凱爾愿意盡他所能幫助這個男人建立一個更光明的未來。A.drive干勁；B.curiosity好奇心；C.creativity創(chuàng)造力；D.interest興趣；利息?？崭裉幣c前文的“dedication”并列，由此可推知此處指羅伯的奉獻和干勁讓凱爾愿意幫助他。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時候一個人需要的只是一個機會。A.lesson課；教訓；B.choice選擇；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.chance機會。根據(jù)前文“Kyleiswillingtodoallhecantohelpthemanbuildabrighterfuture.”可知凱爾愿意幫助羅伯，讓他有了創(chuàng)造美好未來的機會。由此可知有時候一個人需要的只是一個機會。故選D。第二節(jié)(共小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】comfortably12.todrop13.because14.ismeasured【導語】這是一篇記敘文。JasonHarley放棄了舒適的生活，選擇按照自己的價值觀生活。他認為衡量成功的標準不是你有多少錢，而是你如何理解生命的真正意義。【題詳解】考查副詞。句意：大多數(shù)人相信，當他們生活舒適，賺到足夠的錢，他們就不會有煩惱。修飾動詞live應用副詞comfortably，故填comfortably。【12題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：JasonHarley決定放棄這種生活方式，他發(fā)現(xiàn)只要有一點錢，他就自由了。短語decidetodosth.表示“決定做某事”，故填todrop?！?3題詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：不，我現(xiàn)在快樂多了，因為我按照自己的價值觀生活。引導原因狀語從句，表示“因為”應用because。故填because?！?4題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：衡量成功的標準不是你有多少錢，而是你如何理解生命的真正意義。主語和動詞measure是被動關(guān)系，且陳述客觀事實，應用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)。故填ismeasured。【答案】15.panies17.which【導語】這是一篇說明文。我們正淹沒在自由信息的海洋中?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)在我們的企業(yè)、家庭和臥室中隨處可見。我們的欲望被大型科技公司重新包裝，然后在免費內(nèi)容的掩護下賣給我們，但它不是免費的。我們正在用無形的貨幣來支付，比如我們的時間和隱私，人們現(xiàn)在才開始理解這些?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：一大批設(shè)計師和數(shù)據(jù)工程師把他們的工作時間都花在了想辦法讓我們長時間上網(wǎng)上。此處為短語spendtimedoingsth.表示“花費時間做某事”。故填figuring。【16題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：我們的欲望被大型科技公司重新包裝，然后在免費內(nèi)容的掩護下賣給我們，但它不是免費的。company為可數(shù)名詞，前文沒有冠詞故用復數(shù)形式。故填companies。【17題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我們用無形的貨幣來支付，比如我們的時間和隱私，這些東西人們現(xiàn)在才開始了解。非限制定語從句修飾先行詞timeandprivacy，在從句中作賓語，指物，應使用關(guān)系代詞which引導。故填which?！敬鸢浮?8.uses19.a20.lightest【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了瓶裝水的缺點以及建議養(yǎng)成隨身攜帶可重復使用的水瓶的習慣。【18題詳解】考查主謂一致。句意：它不僅會產(chǎn)生垃圾，而且還會使用更多的資源，因為它是運到商店的。根據(jù)上文does可知為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為it，謂語用三單形式。故填uses?！?9題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：為了更環(huán)保，養(yǎng)成隨身攜帶可重復使用的水瓶的習慣，這樣你就可以在旅途中喝水了。此處habit為泛指，且是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：塑料瓶通常是最輕和最方便的。此處and并列兩個相同的成分。根據(jù)下文mostconvenient可知，此處應填light的最高級。故填lightest。第二部分閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)(共小題;每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.B22.DC【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了如何預定溫哥華公園和娛樂中心的野餐庇護所，包括預定費用，取消預定政策、和常見問題等。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ParksandRecreationmaintainsfourcoveredpicnicsheltersthatareavailablereservationthefollowingparks:(溫哥華公園和娛樂中心有四個帶頂?shù)囊安捅幼o所，可在以下公園預訂)”以及第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Whennotreserved,sheltersareavailablefree.(如果沒有被預訂，可以免費使用庇護所)”可知，溫哥華的野餐庇護所未被預定時可以免費使用。故選B項。【22題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“ParksandRecreationmaintainsfourcoveredpicnicsheltersthatavailablereservationthefollowingparks:(溫哥華公園和娛樂中心有四個帶頂?shù)囊安捅幼o所，可在以下公園預訂)”和下文具體介紹的預定信息，包括預定費用，取消預定政策、和常見問題等。由此推知，文章的主要目的是提供庇護所預訂信息。故選D項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及結(jié)合文章題目“PicnicShelterReservations(野餐庇護所預訂)”可知，本文主要介紹的是如何預定野餐庇護所，通常在旅行或出門游玩時人們會進行野餐。由此推知，這篇文章與旅行和閑暇活動有關(guān)，最有可能出自一本旅行手冊。故選C項。【答案】24.D25.C26.A【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者為了減肥而節(jié)食，甚至不惜和教練爭吵。后來得到教練的提醒，通過運動來減少體重，她十分感謝自己的教練，并且收獲了一段友誼。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ShetalkedwithmeabouteatingandwasangrythatIlistentoherwhenshetriedtomakeeat.triedtopersuademeinadeterminedandwefought她和我談論我的飲食，當她試圖讓我吃東西時，我不聽她的話，她很生氣。她試圖用堅定的方式說服我，所以我們經(jīng)常吵架)”可知，作者與史密斯教練爭吵，是因為她堅持減肥的想法。故選D。【25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“IrealizedthenthatIhadruinedmysenioryearbeingdisrespectful,andIhadprobablyruinedhersaswell.SothateveningIwroteheraletterapologizingandthanking那時我意識到，我的無禮毀了我的高三，可能也毀了她的高三。所以那天晚上我給她寫了一封信，向她道歉并感謝她)”可知，作者寫信是因為她感謝史密斯對她健康的照顧。故選C?！?6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Iwillforeverbegratefulforherhelp,andnowherfriendship.(我將永遠感激她的幫助，現(xiàn)在又感謝她的友誼)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了作者堅持自己的節(jié)食減肥方法，后來得到教練的提醒，通過運動來減少體重，她十分感謝自己的教練，并且收獲了一段友誼。故A選項“意外的友誼”最符合文章標題。故選A?！敬鸢浮?7.B28.DD30.A【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了蜜蜂數(shù)量的減少令人擔憂，因為這可能破壞生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，也可能破壞農(nóng)業(yè)和經(jīng)濟。人們一直在試圖想出替代技術(shù)，科學家們通過在馬毛的下腹部貼上一層特殊的粘性凝膠，成功地將一種不起眼的雄蜂變成了一種遙控傳粉器?！?7題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Whenitwasrediscoveredadecadeitdriedupordegradedatall.”可知，十年后被重新發(fā)現(xiàn)時，凝膠根本沒有干枯或退化。因此Miyako驚訝的是它仍然具有很高的粘性。結(jié)合選項，故選B?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Hisparticularcontributiontothefieldinvolvesagel,onehe’dconsideredamistake10yearsbeforeandstuckastoragecabinet.Whenwasrediscoveredadecadeitdriedupordegradedatall.”可知，Miyako是偶然間發(fā)現(xiàn)凝膠這種特殊特性的。結(jié)合選項，故選D?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thescientistslookedatthehairsunderascanningelectronmicroscopeandcountedupthepollengrainsattachedthesurfaceandfoundthatthedroneswhosehorsehairshadbeencoatedwiththegelhadabout10timesmorepollenthanthosethathadnotbeencoatedwiththegel.”可知，科學家們在掃描電子顯微鏡下觀察了這些毛發(fā)，并對附著在表面的花粉粒進行了計數(shù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)那些馬毛上涂有凝膠的雄蜂的花粉量大約是沒有涂有凝膠的雄蜂的10倍。結(jié)合選項，故選D。【30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“alotofworktobedonebeforethat'sa”可知，在投入使用之前，還有很多工作需要做。故可知，這種無人機還未投入使用。結(jié)合選項，故選A?！敬鸢浮?1.A32.B33.C34.C【分析】這是一篇說明文。很多人無法抗拒用人類語言定義的術(shù)語來解讀狗的面部表情，于是兩只狗的主人嘗試通過訓練自己的狗Stella和Bunny來訓練狗說話，作者對此并不認同，說明了狗進行交流的一些方式以及對狗主人的建議?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Ifdogscouldspeakliketheirowners,manyhumanswantwhatwouldtheirdogshavetosay?(如果狗能像主人一樣說話，許多人想知道，他們的狗會說什么？)”以及第二段中“IntothemarketforanswersstepChristinaauthorofthebookHowStellaLearnedtoandAlexisDevine,theownerofastarwithover6.3mfollowers.(《斯特拉如何學會說話》一書的作者ChristinaHunger和明星、擁有超過630萬粉絲的Bunny的主人AlexisDevine進入這一領(lǐng)域?qū)で蟠鸢?”可推知，作者提到Stella和Bunny是為了說明一次關(guān)于了解狗的語言的嘗試。故選A?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Aftercarefultraining,bothStellaandBunnycanpawaseriesofbuttonsthatmakearecordedvoicespeakoneofseveraldozenprogrammedwords.BothMs.DevineandMs.Hungerclaimthattheirdogsareusinglanguage.(經(jīng)過精心訓練，Stella和Bunny都可以用爪子抓住一系列按鈕，讓錄制好的聲音說出幾十個編程單詞中的一個。Devine和Hunger小姐都聲稱，他們的狗在使用語言)”以及第三段中“Skinnerdescribedhumanlanguageacquisitionashedidotherlearnedbehaviours:thestrengtheningofaresponseafterconditioningwithastimulus.Ifsaying"food"getsyoufood,you'remorelikelytosayit.(Skinner將人類語言習得描述為他所做的其他習得行為：在刺激條件反射后，強化反應。如果說“food”讓你得到食物，你更有可能說出來)”可知，Devine和Hunger的實踐與Skinner的理論一致。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“Butdogexpertsdislikethepracticeofforcingword-basedcommunicationontodogs.focusingonabasickindoflanguagethatseemshuman,itignoresdogs'abilitiestoexpressthemselvesintheirownways.(但一些狗狗專家不喜歡強迫狗狗進行基于語言的交流。通過關(guān)注一種似乎是人類的基本語言，它忽略了狗狗以自己的方式表達自己的能力)”可推知，作者認為，試圖證明狗的語言能力的人沒有認識到狗之所以是狗的原因。故選?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ortheycananotherapproach:buyoneofthemanygoodbooksonunderstandinghowdogsnaturallycommunicate,andspendthetimetheymightinvestinprogrammingbuttonsongettingtoknowtheirpetsinstead.Evenbest-traineddogisapoorconversationalistinhumanterms—butabrilliantoneontheirown.(或者，他們可以嘗試另一種方法：買一本關(guān)于了解狗狗如何自然交流的好書，然后把時間花在編程按鈕上，讓他們了解自己的寵物。即使是最訓練有素的狗，用人類的語言來說，也不善于交談——但它們自己卻很聰明)”可推知，作者向狗主人傳達的信息是提高他們