2023年考研外語考前沖刺試卷5

考研外語考前沖刺試卷5

一、UseofEnglish

1、Atthemomentthesecondplanewasslammingintothesouth

tower,PresidentBushwas(1)tothesecond-gradersof

EmmaE.BookerElementaryinSarasotaFTA.Whenhearrivedat

theschoolhehadbeenwhisked(2)aholdingroom:National

SecurityAdvisorCondoleezzaRiceneededto(3)tohim.

Buthesoonappearedintheclassroomandlistened(4)as

thechildrenwentthroughtheirreadingdri11.Ashewasgetting

readytopose(5)pictureswiththeteachersandkids,

chiefofstaffAndyCardenteredtheroom,walked(6)to

thePresidentandwhisperedinMsrightear.ThePresident's

facebecame(7)tenseandserious.(8)nodded,Card

leftandforseveralminutesthePresidentseemeddistracted

andsomberbutthenhe(9)_____hisinteractionwiththeclass.

“Reallygoodreaders,whew!”hetold(10)_____"Thesemustbe

six-graders!”

Meanwhile,intheroom(11)Bushwasscheduledtogivehis

remarks,about200,people,(12)localofficials,school

personnelandstudents,waitedunderthehotlights.,Wordof

thecrashbeganto(13)reporterscalledtheireditors,

butdetailsweresparseuntilsomeone(14)therewasaTV

inanearbyoffice.ThePresidentfinallyentered,about35

minuteslater,and(15)hisbriefcomments."Thisisa

(16)timeforAmerica,，zhebegan.Heorderedamassive

(17)to“huntdownthefolks(18)committedthis

act."Meanwhilethebombdogstookafewextrapassesthrough

AirForceOne,andanextrafighterescortwasadded.(19)

thePresidenttoowasgoingtohavetrouble(20)home.

A.tointroduce

B.introduced

C.introducing

D.beingintroduced

2、(2)

A.into

B.for

C.in

D.at

3、⑶

A.talk

B.speak

C.say

D.discuss

4、(4)

A.appreciatively

B.attentively.

C.happily

D.absent-mindedly

5、(5)

A.to

B.from

C.at

D.for

6、(6)

A.over

B.forward

C.backward

D.soon

7、(7)

A.visually

B.visibly

C.virtually

D.vitally

8、⑻

A.Card

B.She

C.He

D.They

9、(9)

A.assumed

B.resumed

C.consumed

D.assured

10、(10)

A.theteachers

B.them

C.thekids

D.both

IK(11)

A.that

B.when

C.where

D.inthat

12、(12)

A.inaddition

B.including

C.excluding

D.except

13、(13)

A.circulate

B.speak

C.appear

D.keep

14、(14)

A.tracedback

B.remembered

C.memorized

D.conceived

15、(15)

A.presented

B.took

C.had

D.made

16、(16)

A.horrible

B.terrible

C.difficult

D.frightening

17、(17)

A.experiment

B.research

C.examination

D.investigation

18、(18)

A.and

B.who

C.that

D.what

19、(19)

A.But

B.Instead

C.Furthermore

D.Despite

20、(20)

A.tohelp

B.getting

C.toget

D.helping

二、ReadingComprehension

1PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestions

beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

Onekeyanswertotheproblemoffindingandkeeping

customers一andturningtheirgoodwillintosales—ishaving

goodcustomerrelationshipmanagement(CRM).CRM'sgoalisto

createacooperationamongsales,marketing,and

customer-serviceactivitieswithinanorganizationinorderto

obtainandretaincustomers.CRMontheInternet一e-CRM—uses

Webtechnologytocreatesuchacooperation.

E-CRMmeansdifferentthingstodifferentcompanies.Someenter

e-CRMthroughtraditionalcontact-managementandsales-force

automationsoftwarefromsuchvendorsasGoldMineSoftware

Corp,orInteractCommerceCorp.Manycompaniesseee-CRMas

anaturalextensionoftheircallcenters.Inanidealsystem,

historicalinformation,suchascustomers'buyingpreferences,

orcircumstantialinformation,suchascustomer-contract

volumes,canlaunchactionsanddatascreens.Finally,

companieswithcorporateenterpriseresourceplanning(ERP)

systemsseee-CRMasanaturalpartofcomputer-faci1itated

management.

Youdon'tneedtobeginonagrandscale;youcantakesmal1

stepstowardacomprehensivee-CRMsystemwithexperienced

contactmanagementcompaniessuchasCommenceCorp.GoldMine

SoftwareCorp.,InteractCommerceCorp.,andMultiactive

Software.GoldMine5.0isaimedatteamsof1to50userswho

wanttotrack,refer,andactontelephoneande-mailcontacts

fromcustomers.Theusersneedn'tresideonalocalnetworkto

coordinateanaction.AlleachuserneedsisanIPaddress.Gold

MineFrontOfficeofferstemplatesforspecificindustries;

thesedefinerolesandrelationshipsandincluderulesfor

workflowprocesses.Similarly,InteractCommerceCorp,hasa

multi-layerproductfamily,includingACT2000and

SalesLogix2000.Eachcanintegratetheactivitiesofsales,

marketing,andsupportteams.

Smallerorganizationscanalsotakeadvantageoftheservices

ofdot-comcompaniessuchassalesforce,comandUpShot.com,

whichfocusprimarilyonsales-forceautomation.These

companieswillputyourbasice-CRMservicesonlineforunder

$50peruserpermonth.Onthedownside,youdon'tgetmuch

customizationorintegration.

Somee-CRMcompanieshavefeweroptions,andoftenconcentrate

onverticalmarkets.JannaSystems,forexample,specializes

ine-CRMsolutionsforthefinancialservicesindustry.Some

companies,suchaseGainCommunicationsCorp,andTalismaCorp.

specializeine-mailbasedCRMandofferbothhostedandonline

services.SocratesTechnologiesCorp,takestheonlineASP

approachandofferstheSalesLogix2000suiteontheWebalong

withothere-businessapplications.

Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby

A.posingacontrast.

B.makingacomparison.

C.explainingaterm.

D.defininganinvention.

2、

CompaniesworkingonCRMaimat

A.gettingandkeepingcustomersandthuspromotingsales.

B.controllingtheactivitiesofsales,marketingand

customerservice.

C.takingadvantageofthewebtechnologytoimprovebusiness

performance.

D.enhancingtheircompetitiveabilityandupgradingtheir

customerservice.

3、

Towhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormost

likelyagree?

A.GoldMineSoftwareCorp,isamodelofsuccessfule-CRM.

B.ERPismoreadvancedthane-CRMwhichiscommonplacein

computer-facilitatedmanagement.

C.Togettheservicefromexperiencedcompanies,youneed

yourownIPandanaccessiblelocalnetwork.

D.ACT2000isane-CRMsoftwarewiththefunctionof

integratingsales,marketingandcustomersupport.

4、

Thephrase"Onthedownside^(Paragraph4)denotes

A.inanadvantageousaspect.

B.inadownwarddirection.

C.inadisadvantageousaspect.

D.onadownwardpath.

5、

Welearnfromthepassagethatdot-comcompanies

A.usuallyfocusonaspecificaspectofe-CRM.

B.offerperfectservicetosmallerorganizationsatalow

rate.

C.havemoreadvantagesinbothhostedandonlineservices.

D.providedifferentservicesfordifferententerprisesfrom

thoseofferedbylargercompanies.

6、Theenergycrisis,whichisbeingfeltaroundtheworld,

hasdramatizedhowthecarelessuseoftheearth'sresources

hasbroughtthewholeworldtothebrinkofdisaster.The

over-developmentofmotortransport,withitsincreaseofmore

cars,morehighways,morepollution,moresuburbs,more

commuting,hascontributedtothenear-destructionofour

cities,thebreakupofthefamily,andthepollutionnotonly

oflocalairbutalsooftheearth'satmosphere.Thedisaster

hasarrivedintheform,oftheenergycrisis.

Ourpresentsituationisuniikewar,revolutionordepression.

Itisalsounlikethegreatnaturaldisastersofthepast.

Worldwideresourcesexploitationandenergyusehavebrought

ustoastatewherelong-rangeplanningisessential.Whatwe

needisnotacontinuationofourpresentseriousstate,which

endangersthefutureofourcountry,ourchildren,andourearth,

butamovementforwardtoanewnorminordertoworkrapidly

andeffectivelyonplanetaryproblems.

Thiscountryhasbeenfallingbackunderthecontinuing

exposuresoflossmoralityandtherevelationthatlawbreaking

hasreachedintothehighestplacesintheland.Thereisa

strongdemandformoralrevivalandforsomedevotionthatis

vastenoughandyetpersonalenoughtoenlistthedevotionof

all.Inthepastithasbeenonlyinawayindefenseoftheir

owncountryandtheirownidealsthatpeoplehavebeenableto

devotethemselveswholeheartedly.

Thisisthefirsttimethatwehavebeenaskedtodefend

ourselvesandwhatweholddearincooperationwithallthe

otherinhabitantsofthisplanet,whosharewithusthesame

endangeredairandthesameendangeredoceans.Thereisacommon

needtoreassessourpresentcourse,tochangethatcourseand

todevisenewmethodsthroughwhichtheworldcansurvive.This

isapricelessopportunity.

Tograspitweneedawidespreadunderstandingofnatureifthe

crisisconfrontingusandtheworldisnopassinginconvenience,

nobyproductoftheambitionsoftheoil-producingcountries,

noenvironmentalists(merefears,nobyproductofanypresent

systemofgovernment.Whatwefaceistheoutcomeofthe

inventionofthelastfourhundredyears.Whatweneedisa

transformedlifestyle.Thisnewlifestyle,canflowdirectly

fromscienceandtechnology,butitsacceptancedependsona

sinceredevotiontofindingahigherqualityoflifeforthe

world，schildrenandfuturegeneration.

Whichconditiondoestheauthorfeelhasnearlydestroyedour

cities?

A.Lackoffinancialplanning.

B.Thebreakupofthefamily.

C.Naturaldisastersinmanyregions.

D.Theexcessivegrowthofmotors.

7、

Accordingtotheauthor,whatisoneexampleofourlossof

morality?

A.Disregardforlaw.

B.Lackofdevotion.

C.Lackofcooperation.

D.Exploitationofresources.

8、

Bycomparingpastproblemswithpresentones,theauthordraws

attentiontothe

A.significanceofthiscrisis.

B.inadequacyofgovernments.

C.similarityofthepasttothepresent.

D.hopelessnessofthesituation.

9、

Whatcontributiondoestheauthorfeelpeoplemustmakenow?

A.Searchfornewenergysources.

B.Banmotortransportation.

C.Acceptanewlifestyle.

D.Adoptanewform,ofgovernment.

10、

Theauthorwrotethepassageinorderto

A.callforcooperationofthewholeworld.

B.inform,thereadersofthefactthatwearefacingenergy

crisis.

C.recommendanewlifestyle.

D.callfordevotiontothenatureandourfuturegeneration.

11、Scienceisthenever-endingstruggletofindtruth.You

maydismissthisstatementastheramblingofanamateur

philosopher,butitholdssomepracticalvalue.Truthisa

temporaryphenomenon.Itis1imitedbyhumancommunication

systems,technology,andskills.Forexample,duringtheDark

AgesinEurope,theworldwasperceivedasflat.Thisflatness

wasacceptableas"truth“becausetravelandhumanknowledge

ofcelestialphenomenaweresolimitedthatnootherconcept

wasneeded.Afamilylivedinasmallareaandconfinedits

activitytoasmallregion.Thisregionappearedtobeflat,

soforallpracticalpurposes,theearthwasflat,too.When

travelandexplorationbecamewidespread,andespeciallywhen

shipswereabletosailfaroutontheAtlantic,thevisionof

aflatearthhadtochange.Manyobservationsofstarsand

planetsandofships;movementsatsealedtonewprinciples

andtoanewtruth.Thosewhowereinthepositiontodosocould

exploitthenewtruthabouttheearth'sshapeandturnitinto

riches.TheSpanish,knowingtheywouldnotfallofftheedge

ofaflatearth,foundtheNewWorldandbroughtgoldandsilver

backtoSpain.

ThesituationhasnotchangedmuchsincetheDarkAges.Truth

isstillsoughtbecauseithasvalue,andthescientificmethod

remainsthemostsystematicwayofpursuingit.Themethod

startswithaproblem.Oncetheproblemiswelldefined,

informationthatmighthaveaneffectonitisgathered.The

informationissortedandanalyzed,andthatwhichisuseful

iskept—tobeusedasabasisforgeneralprinciples.Inthe

socialsciences,theprinciplesareoftenusedtohelp

formulatepolicies.Thepoliciesultimatelyareaimedat

removingtheproblemandimprovingpeople'slives.

Ineconomics(andinothersocialsciences),thepursuitof

truthisslowedbecausehumanbehavior,cannotbesubjectedto

thekindsofcontrolledexperimentsthatarepossiblewith

whiteratsandguineapigs.Theeconomistmustfollowthesteps

inasearchfornewtruthsabouteconomicbehavior,but

followingthemisfrustratingandoftenleadsupblindalleys.

Nevertheless,problems,facts,principles,andpoliciesmust

beconsideredinasystematicway.

Whatcanweinferfromthefactthattheworldwasperceived

asflat?

A.MostpeopleduringtheDarkAgeswereilliterate.

B.PeopleduringtheDarkAgeswerelackinginsocial

knowledge.

C.Peopletodayweremoreknowledgeablethanthoseduringthe

DarkAges.

D.People'scognitionoftheworldwasrelatedtothe

scientificdevelopment.

12、

Whatdoestheauthormeanby"turnitintoriches，/(Paragraph

D?

A.Makelotsofprofits.

B.Makethelandmorefertile.

C.Helppoorpeoplebecomericher.

D.Turnthelandintoanareaofgold.

13、

Accordingtothepassage,truth

A.isoftenfoundbychance.

B.haslittleeffectonpeople'slife.

C.willneverbechangedsinceitisfound.

D.maybechangedasmoreandmoreinformationabouttheearth

isgathered.

14、

Policiesinthesocialsciencestargetto

A.laythefoundationoffindingnewtruth.

B.laythefoundationoffiningnewprinciples.

C.solvesomepracticalproblemsexistinginhumanlives.

D.analyzeproblemsoccurringalongthedevelopmentof

societies.

15、

Thewritersuggeststhatthewayoffindingnewtruthsabout

economicbehavior

A.shouldbetterbeconductedsystematically.

B.hasnothingtodowiththewayoffindingnewprinciples.

C.shouldbeoppositetothewayoffindingeconomic

principles.

D.issimilartothewayoffindingnewprinciplesinthatboth

areconductedcasually.

16、Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbegintomakemoral

discriminationsaboutharmfulactionscommittedagainst

themselvesorothershasbeenthefocusofrecentresearchinto

themoraldevelopmentofchildren.Untilrecently,child

psychologistssupportedpioneerdevelopmentalistJeanPiaget

inhishypothesisthatbecauseoftheirimmaturity,children

underagesevendonottakeintoaccounttheintentionsofa

personcommittingaccidentalordeliberateharm,butrather

simplyassignpunishmentforoffencesonthebasisofthe

magnitudeofthenegativeconsequencescause.

AccordingtoPiaget,childrenunderagesevenoccupythefirst

stageofmoraldevelopment,whichischaracterizedbymoral

absolutism(rulesmadebyauthoritiesmustbeobeyed)and

imminentjustice(ifrulesarebroken,punishmentwillbemeted

out).Untilyoungchildrenmature,theirmoraljudgmentsare

basedentirelyontheeffectratherthanthecauseofanoffence.

However,inrecentresearch,Keaseyfoundthatsix-year-old

childrennotonlydistinguishbetweenaccidentaland

intentionalharm,butalsojudgeintentionalharmasnaughtier,

regardlessoftheamountofdamageproduced.Bothofthese

findingsseemtoindicatethatchildren,atanearlieragethan

Piagetclaimed,advanceintothesecondstageofmoral

development,moralautonomy,inwhichtheyacceptsocialrules

butviewthemasmorearbitrarythandochildreninthefirst

stage.

Keasey'sresearchraisestwokeyquestionsfordevelopmental

psychologistsaboutchildrenunderageseven:dotheyrecognize

justificationsforharmfulactions,anddotheymake

distinctionsbetweenharmfulactsthatarepreventableand

thoseactsthathaveunforeseenharmfulconsequences?Studies

indicatethatjustificationsexcusingharmfulactionsmight

includepublicduty,self-defense,andprovocation.For

example,NesdaleandRuleconcludedthatchildrenwerecapable

ofconsideringwhetherornotanaggressor，sactionswas

justifiedbypublicduty:fiveyearoldsreactedvery

differentlyto"BonniewrecksAnn，spretendhouse“depending

onwhetherBonniedidit"sosomebodywon'tfal1overit"or

becauseBonniewanted“tomakeAnnefeelbad."Thus,achild

offivebeginstounderstandthatcertainharmfulactions,

thoughintentional,canbejustified:theconstraintsofmoral

absolutismnolongersolelyguidetheirjudgments.

Psychologistshavedeterminedthatduringkindergarten

childrenlearntomakesubtledistinctionsinvolvingharm.

Darleyobservedthatamongactsinvolvingunintentionalharm,

six-year-oldchildrenjustenteringkindergartencouldnot

differentiatebetweenforeseeable,andthuspreventable,harm

andunforeseeableharmforwhichtheoffendercannotbeblamed.

Sevenmonthslater,however,Darleyfoundthatthesesame

childrencouldmakebothdistinctions,thusdemonstratingthat

theyhadbecomemorallyautonomous.

Astothepunishmentthatchildrenundersevenareassigned

towrongdoing,Piagetsuggests

A.thepunishmentistobeadministeredimmediatelyfollowing

theoffence.

B.themoreimmatureachild,themoreseverethepunishment

assigned.

C.thepunishmentforactsofintentionalharmislesssevere

thanitisforactsinvolvingaccidentalharm.

D.theseverityoftheassignedpunishmentisprimarily

determinedbytheperceivedmagnitudeofnegativeconsequences.

17、

PiagetandKeaseywouldnothaveagreedon

A.thekindsofexcuseschildrengiveforharmfulactsthey

commit.

B.thecircumstancesunderwhichchildrenpunishharmfulacts.

C.thejustificationschildrenrecognizeforrelieving

punishmentforharmfulacts.

D.theageatwhichchildrenbegintodiscriminatebetween

intentionalandunintentionalharm.

18、

Keasey'sfindingssupporttheconclusionaboutsix-year-old

childrenthat

A.theydonotunderstandtheconceptofpublicduty.

B.theyhavetheabilitytomakeautonomousmoraljudgments.

C.theyregardmoralabsolutismasathreattotheirmoral

autonomy.

D.theyacceptmoraljudgmentsmadebytheirpeersmoreeasily

thandoolderchildren.

19、

Itcanbeinferredthattheterm“publicduty“denotes

A.thenecessitytoapprehendoffenders.

B.theresponsibilitytopunishoffenders.

C.anobligationtopreventharmtoanother.

D.theassignmentofpunishmentforharmfulaction.

20、

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfive-year-old

childrendoestheresearchofNesduleandRulesuggest?

A.Theyjustifyanyactionsthatprotectthemfromharm.

B.Theyviewpublicdutyasajustificationforaccidental,

butnotintentionalharm.

C.Theyconsiderthemotivationofactionswhenjudgingthe

behavior,ofotherchildren.

D.They,asdoersofharmfulacts,disregardthefeelingsof

thechildrentheyharm.

21、PartB(10points)

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.For

Questions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizethese

paragraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelist

A-G.Someoftheparagraphshavebeenplacedforyou.(10points)

A.Afterahostofexperimentsandyearsoftestingtheyhave

foundout:Thatityourvocabularyislimitedyourchancesof

successare1imited.Thatoneoftheeasiestandquickestways

togeta-headisbyconsciouslybuildingupyourknowledgeof

words.Thatthevocabularyoftheaveragepersonalmoststops

growingbythemiddletwenties.Andthatfromthenonitis

necessarytohaveanintelligentplanifprogressistobemade.

Nohaphazardhit-or-missmethodswilldo.

B.SimilarlyithasbeenfoundbyProfessorLewisM.Terman,

ofStanfordUniversity,thatavocabularytestisasaccurate

ameasureofintelligenceasanythreeunitsofthestandard

andacceptedStanford-BinetI.Q.tests.Thestudyofwordsis

notmerelysomethingthathastodowithliterature.Wordsare

yourtoolsofthought.Youcan，teventhinkatallwithoutthem.

Tryit.Ifyouareplanningtogodowntownthisafternoonyou

willfindthatyouaresayingtoyour-self:"IthinkIwillgo

downtownthisafternoon.，zYoucan'tmakesuchasimpledecision

asthiswithoutusingwords.

C.Twoclassesinahighschoolwereselectedforanexperiment.

Theiragesandtheirenvironmentwerethesame.Eachclass

representedanidenticalcross-sectionofthecommunity.One,

thecontrolclass,tookthenormalcourses.Theotherclasswas

givenspecialvocabularytraining.Attheendoftheperiodthe

marksofthelatterclasssurpassedthoseofthecontrolgroup,

notonlyinEnglish,butineverysubject,including

mathematicsandthesciences.

D.Yousee,therearecertainfactorsinsuccessthatcanbe

measuredasscientificallyasthecontentsofatest-tube,and

ithasbeendiscoveredthatthemostcommoncharacteristicof

outstandingsuccessis“anextensiveknowledgeoftheexact

meaningofEnglishwords”.Theextentofyourvocabulary

indicatesthedegreeofyourintelligence.Yourbrainpower

willincreaseasyoulearntoknowmorewords.Here'stheproof.

E.Ithaslongsincebeensatisfactorilyestablishedthatahigh

executivedoesnothavealargevocabularymerelybecauseof

theopportunitiesofhisposition.Thatwouldbeputtingthe

cartbeforethehorse.Quitethereverseistrue.Hisskillin

wordswasatremendoushelpingettinghimhisjob.Dr.Johnson

0,ConnoroftheHumanEngineeringLaboratoryofBostonandof

theStevensInstituteofTechnologyinHoboken,NewJersey,

gaveavocabularytestto100youngmenwhowerestudyingto

beindustrialexecutives.Fiveyearslaterthosewhohadpassed

intheuppertenpercentall,withoutexception,hadexecutive

positions,whilenotasingleyoungmanofthelowertwenty-five

percenthadbecomeanexecutive.

F.Withoutwordsyoucouldmakenodecisionsandform,no

judgmentswhatsoever.Apianistmayhavethemostbeautiful

tunesinhishead,butifhehadonlyfivekeysonhispiano

hewouldnevergetmorethanafractionofthesetunesout.Your

wordsareyourkeysforyourthoughts.Andthemorewordsyou

haveatyourcommandthedeeper,clearerandmoreaccuratewill

beyourthinking.AcommandofEnglishwillnotonlyimprove

theprocessesofyourmind.Itwillgiveyouassurance;build

yourself-confidence;lendcolortoyourpersonality;increase

yourpopularity.

G.Yourbosshasabiggervocabularythanyouhave.That,sone

goodreasonwhyhe，syourboss.Thisdiscoveryhasbeenmade

inthewordlaboratoriesoftheworld.Notbytheoretical

Englishprofessors,butbypractical,hard-headedscholarswho

havebeensearchingforthesecretsofSuccess.

Order:GisthefirstparagraphandFisthelast.

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26、PartC

Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthen

translatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChines