2024屆高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí) 北師大版 必修第二冊(cè) UNIT 4　INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

UNIT4

INFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY北師大版必修第二冊(cè)2024屆高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)回顧·自主排查核心考點(diǎn)·互動(dòng)探究跟蹤演練·強(qiáng)化提升基礎(chǔ)回顧·自主排查?核心詞匯——寫(xiě)其形1．____________n.效應(yīng)；影響2．____________vt.保持；維持3．____________vi.&vt.承認(rèn)4．____________n.基礎(chǔ)；基點(diǎn)5．____________vi.訂閱，訂購(gòu)6．____________n.擔(dān)憂，憂慮vt.與……有關(guān)；使擔(dān)心7．____________vi.&vt.遞送；傳送8．____________vi.給予某物關(guān)注n.焦點(diǎn)9．____________vi.&vt.做實(shí)驗(yàn)，進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)n.實(shí)驗(yàn)10．____________n.恩惠；善意的行為effectmaintainadmitbasissubscribeconcerndeliverfocusexperimentfavour?閱讀詞匯——知其意1．emojin.________________2．opinionn.________________3．tabletn.________________4．profilen.________________5．contentn.________________6．trivialadj.________________7．fantasyn.________________8．a(chǎn)vatarn.________________9．virtualadj.________________10．gendern.________________表情符號(hào)意見(jiàn)；看法；主張平板電腦；藥片；碑，牌人物簡(jiǎn)介；傳略內(nèi)容沒(méi)有什么價(jià)值的；微不足道的幻想作品(網(wǎng)絡(luò)上代表個(gè)人的)頭像，虛擬替身，圖標(biāo)虛擬的；模擬的性別?拓展詞匯——通其變1．optionn．選擇；選擇的事物→________adj.可選擇的；非強(qiáng)制的2．conveniencen．方便，便利→_________adj.方便的，便利的3．pressvt.按→________n．壓力→________adj.迫切的，急需的4．viewvt.看，把……視為→________v．采訪；會(huì)見(jiàn)，接見(jiàn)→_________n．面試者，采訪者5．varyvi.多變；相異→________n．多樣化，變化→________adj.多種多樣的；多樣性的optionalconvenientpressurepressinginterviewinterviewervarietyvarious6．createvt.創(chuàng)造→________adj.創(chuàng)造性的→________n．創(chuàng)造力；獨(dú)創(chuàng)性7．sensen．感覺(jué)；理解力→________adj.樸素實(shí)用的；明智的，合理的8．imagen．圖像；形象→________v．想，想象→____________n．想象；想象力→________adj.想象的，假想的9．obviousadj.明顯的→________adv.顯易見(jiàn)地，明顯地10．a(chǎn)ccessn．進(jìn)入，到達(dá)→________adj.易懂的；易得到的creativecreativitysensibleimagineimaginationimaginaryobviouslyaccessible?高頻短語(yǔ)——記得牢1．________________以自我為中心的；關(guān)注自我的2．________________虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)(VR)3．________________移動(dòng)設(shè)備4．________________關(guān)注5．________________沉迷6．________________增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)實(shí)(AR)7．________________關(guān)心……8．________________發(fā)人深省的，令人深思的9．________________各種各樣的10．________________混合現(xiàn)實(shí)(MR)11．________________除此之外self-focusedVirtualRealitymobiledevicefocusonbeaddictedtoAugmentedRealitybeconcernedwiththought-provokingavarietyofMixedRealityinaddition?典型句式——懂其用1．so...that如此……以至于……，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句Sheis________kind________wealllikeherverymuch.她如此善良以至于我們都非常喜歡她。2．That/Thisiswhy...那/這就是……的原因。That's________Icomeheretomeetyou.那就是我來(lái)這里見(jiàn)你的原因。3．while/when＋doing...狀語(yǔ)從句的省略___________________thetrain，Iboughtamagazine.等火車時(shí)，我買了本雜志。sothatwhyWhile/Whenwaitingfor4．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/was...＋that/who...Itwasinthestreet________Icameacrossmyformerteacher.我是在大街上偶遇了我以前的老師。5．Itis＋adj./n.＋that...Itis________(遺憾)thatyoumissedtheparty________weenjoyedourselves.很遺憾你沒(méi)有參加這次聚會(huì)，我們玩得很高興。thatapitywhere核心考點(diǎn)·互動(dòng)探究?第一版塊|重點(diǎn)單詞1．enablevt.使可能；使發(fā)生ableadj.有能力的abilityn．能力unableadj.不能的

(1)enablesb.todosth.使某人能做某事beabletodosth.能做某事havetheabilitytodosth.有能力做某事beunabletodosth.不能做某事(2)前綴en-表示“使……”couragen．勇氣→encouragevt.鼓勵(lì)；支持largeadj.大的→enlargevt.使擴(kuò)大dangern．危險(xiǎn)→endangervt.使處于險(xiǎn)境richadj.富有的→enrichvt.使富有◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thiswill________(able)theaudiencetositincomfortwhilewatchingtheshows.②Shehasthe________(able)tokeepcalminanemergency.③IregretthatIam________(able)toacceptyourkindinvitation.④[2020·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷]Givingemployeesthetoolsenablesthem______________(communicate)honestly.⑤Theolderchildshouldbeable________(prepare)asimplemeal.⑥Listeningtomusic________(enable)ustofeelrelaxed.enableabilityunabletocommunicatetoprepareenables2．conveniencen．方便，便利；便利的事物；便利設(shè)施convenientadj.方便的；便利的

convenientlyadv.方便地；便利地inconveniencen．不方便inconvenientadj.不方便的forconvenience為了方便起見(jiàn)forone'sconvenience＝fortheconvenienceofsb.為了方便某人atone'sconvenience在某人方便時(shí)arrangeaconvenienttime安排一個(gè)方便的時(shí)間beconvenientforsb.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是方便的Itisconvenient(forsb.)todosth.(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))做某事是方便的。◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theymayuseacreditcard________convenience.②Istockupongroceriesatthe__________(convenient)store.③Wehaveprovidedseats________theconvenienceofourcustomers.④Thehotelis__________(convenient)situatedclosetothebeach.⑤Pleaseacceptourapologiesforany____________(convenience)wehavecaused.⑥Canyoucomeat10：30?Iknowit's__________(convenient),butIhavetoseeyou.⑦Canyoutelephoneme________yourconveniencetoarrangeameeting?⑧TheInternetmakesit_________(convenience)forustogetintouchwitheachother.forconvenienceforconvenientlyinconvenienceinconvenientatconvenient3.impactn．影響；作用v．沖擊，撞擊；產(chǎn)生影響(1)makeanimpacton...對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響aconsiderable/great/dramaticimpact相當(dāng)大的/巨大的/戲劇性的影響impacton影響；對(duì)……沖擊/碰撞(2)haveaneffect/influenceon對(duì)……有影響havenoeffect/influenceon對(duì)……沒(méi)有影響makeadifference(to)(對(duì)……)有影響makenodifference(to)(對(duì)……)沒(méi)有影響，沒(méi)有作用[詞語(yǔ)辨析]impact,affect與influenceimpact常作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示對(duì)某物有強(qiáng)烈的影響＝

haveastrongeffect(＋on)。affect的主語(yǔ)通常是物而不是人，往往指一物對(duì)另一物產(chǎn)生的消極影響。influence側(cè)重在思想、性格、行為等方面所產(chǎn)生的潛移默化的影響，也可指自然力的影響?！騿尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空①Thecomputerhasmadeagreatimpact________modernlife.②Highinterestrateshaveimpacted________retailspending.◎辨析填空：impact,affect,influence③Thelabourenthusiasmoftheworkersstrongly________us.④Thesecostswill________onourprofitability.⑤Thetaxincreaseshave________usall.ononinfluencedimpactaffected4．a(chǎn)ddictedadj.對(duì)……著迷的；沉迷的addictn．對(duì)……著迷的人addictionn．癮；入迷，嗜好addictiveadj.(藥物等)使人上癮的；使人著迷的be/get/becomeaddictedto(doing)sth.

對(duì)(做)某事上癮/入迷沉溺于……，對(duì)……癡迷(to是介詞)aTV/sportsaddict電視迷/運(yùn)動(dòng)迷alcoholaddiction酒癮anInternetaddict網(wǎng)絡(luò)成癮者addictiontosth.對(duì)……上癮highlyaddictive非常令人上癮/著迷[學(xué)法點(diǎn)撥]beaddictedto中的to是介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Peopleaddicted________theweboftenbecomeinactiveinreallife.②Teenagerswhoare________(addict)totheInternetaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.③TheycomefromasfarawayasAustralia,theCaribbeanandChina,buttheyallshareacommon________(addict).④Someareaddictedto________(smoke)cigarettes,onlyseveralpacketsofwhichwillhurttheirlungs.⑤Ifindjoggingveryhighly________(addict).toaddictedaddictionsmokingaddictive5．downloadvt.&n．下載loadn．重?fù)?dān)；裝載量v．裝載downloadagame下載游戲downloadsoftware下載軟件downloadanapp下載應(yīng)用程序downloadadocument下載文件uploadvt.上傳(up＋load)uploadphotosandvideos上傳圖片和視頻load...with...在……里裝載……loadthetruckwithvegetables.在卡車?yán)镅b蔬菜◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Heputhalf________loadofwashinginthemachine.②Hetookovertheunionwhenitwasloaded________debt.③Icandownloadthematerial________thecomputerintheoffice.◎完成句子④Whenyou________________(下載軟件),youcanselectdifferentstoragechannels.awithtodownloadsoftware6.admitvi.&vt.承認(rèn)；允許……進(jìn)入；準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入；容納admissionn．(俱樂(lè)部的)加入許可；(大學(xué)的)入學(xué)許可；準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入(某地)；接納；入場(chǎng)費(fèi)；承認(rèn)admit(to)sth.承認(rèn)某事admit(to)doingsth.承認(rèn)做了某事admit(tosb.)that...(向某人)承認(rèn)……admitsb.to/into允許某人進(jìn)入……；接納某人為……的成員beadmittedas...作為……被接受beadmittedto/into被接受；被接納；被錄取Itisgenerally/universallyadmittedthat...人們普遍承認(rèn)……applyforadmission申請(qǐng)加入admissioncharges入場(chǎng)費(fèi)gainadmissionto獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thatmanadmittedto___________(steal)thejewelsfromtheshop.②Theyadmittedhim________amemberofthetradeunion.③_________(admit)isatnormalchargesandyoudon'tneedtobook.④Mybrother___________(admit)intoauniversity,whichdelightedusall.⑤Sufferingfromburns,hewasadmitted________thehospital.⑥Yourfaultdoesnotadmit________anyexcuse.⑦Itisgenerallyadmitted________themoonisaworldofsilence.havingstolenasAdmissionwasadmittedto/intoofthat7．varietyn．多樣化，變化varyv．變化variousadj.各種各樣的variedadj.各種各樣的avarietyof＝varietiesof各種各樣的varywith隨……而變化varyin在……方面有差異varyfrom...to...從……到……不等，在……到……之間變化varybetween...and...在……和……之間變化[誤區(qū)警示]avarietyof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞varietiesof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞thevarietyof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞Avarietyofactivities/Varietiesofactivitiesareofferedbythepark.公園提供各種各樣的活動(dòng)。Thevarietyofactivitiesinthisparkisrich.這個(gè)公園里的活動(dòng)多種多樣?！騿尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空①Joinustotastea________(vary)offreshlocalfoodanddrinks.②Thereareseveral________(variety)ofnoodlesavailableonthemarket.③Iwasimpressedby________varietyofdishesonoffer.④Thereare________(vary)waysofsolvingtheproblem.⑤Demandforcertainproductsvaries________theseasons.⑥Herfeelingsvaried________joyandfearasshewatchedhimfight.varietyvarietiesthevariouswithbetween8.sensibleadj.樸素實(shí)用的；明智的，合理的sensiblyadv.明智地；合理地sensen．感覺(jué)；理解力；判斷力v．感覺(jué)到，意識(shí)到sensitiveadj.敏感的；靈敏的besensibleof...知道……/覺(jué)察到……Itissensibletodosth.做某事是明智的。Itissensibleofsb.todosth.某人做某事是明智的。eatasensiblediet飲食合理sensibleadvice合理的建議insensibleshoes穿著樸素的鞋子makesenseof理解；明白besensitiveto...對(duì)……敏感[詞語(yǔ)辨析]sensible與sensitivesensibleadj.明智的；合理的；意識(shí)到的。指人有理智、具有良好的判斷力。如：asensibleperson理智的人sensitiveadj.敏感的，靈敏的。

指人敏感、易生氣或善于理解別人的心情和問(wèn)題。如：besensitiveto對(duì)……敏感asensitiveperson敏感的人◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Areyousensible________thedangersofyourposition?②Rareresourcesshouldbeused________(sensible).③The________(sense)thingistoleavethemalone.④Itissensible________(go)toworkbysubwayinsteadofbycarinthemorning.◎辨析填空：sensible,sensitive⑤Asyouknow,coralisvery________towatertemperature.⑥Wefiguredthe________thingtodowastowait.ofsensiblysensibletogosensitivesensible9.experimentvi.&vt.做實(shí)驗(yàn)，進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)n．實(shí)驗(yàn)experimentaladj.實(shí)驗(yàn)的，試驗(yàn)性的experimentwith/on拿……做實(shí)驗(yàn)do/carryoutanexperiment做/進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)perform/conductanexperiment(＝doanexperiment)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)anexperimentshows/proves...實(shí)驗(yàn)表明/證明……ascientificexperiment科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thisopensthewayforallsortsofclothes-based___________(experiment).②Thetechniqueisstillatthe___________(experiment)stage.③Duringhisstudies,Meuccistartedtoexperiment________electricity.experimentsexperimentalwith10．selectionn．供選擇的同類物品；選擇selectvt.選擇，挑選n．被挑選出來(lái)的人或物selectiveadj.選擇的；選擇性的aselectionof...精選的……aselectionoffolksongs民歌選naturalselection物競(jìng)天擇makeawiseselection做出明智的選擇selectfrom...從……中挑選selectfor...為……而挑選beselectedtodosth.被選拔做某事beselected/chosenas...被選作……beselectedforthenationalteam入選國(guó)家隊(duì)beselectedastheleader被選為隊(duì)長(zhǎng)[詞語(yǔ)辨析]select/elect/pick/chooseselect強(qiáng)調(diào)“精心挑選”；elect則指“投票選舉”；pick強(qiáng)調(diào)挑剔和苛刻地“挑選”；choose指一般意義的“選擇”?！騿尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空①A________(select)ofreaders'commentsispublishedbelow.②Helookedthroughthesuitsandselectedthecheapestone________me.③Daffwasselected________thewholeclasstogoonthetrip.④Salesstillhappen,butbuyersaremore________(select).selectionforfromselective11．concernn．擔(dān)憂，憂慮；關(guān)心，關(guān)心的事vt.與……有關(guān)；使擔(dān)心；涉及concerningprep.關(guān)于；涉及

(1)withconcern關(guān)切地show/expressconcernabout/for...對(duì)……表示擔(dān)心/關(guān)心concernoneselfabout/over...為……擔(dān)憂；關(guān)心，掛念concernoneselfwith關(guān)心(2)beconcernedthat...擔(dān)心……beconcernedabout...擔(dān)心/關(guān)心……beconcernedwith...與……有關(guān)，關(guān)于asfarassb.isconcerned在某人看來(lái)；就某人而言asfarassth.isconcerned就某事而言[誤區(qū)警示]concerned作前置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，意為“擔(dān)心的；關(guān)心的”，作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，意為“有關(guān)的”。concernedparents憂心忡忡的家長(zhǎng)thepeopleconcerned有關(guān)的人◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Heheardnothing__________(concern)thismatter.②It'sawasteoftimetoconcernyourself__________otherpeople'stroubles.③Manyparentsdiscouragetheirkidsfromplayingsportsoradventuring________concernoftheirsafety.④Theteachershowedparticularconcern________thedisabledchild.⑤Thesecondquestion________(concern)ourmethodofwork.⑥Nowsimilar________(concern)arebeingraisedbythegiantsthatdealindata,theoilofthedigitalage.concerningabout/overwithforconcernsconcerns12．a(chǎn)ccommodationn．住處；住宿；調(diào)和，和解accommodatev．提供住宿；適應(yīng)；容納

accommodationfee住宿費(fèi)provideaccommodationfor為……提供住宿travelandhotelaccommodations旅行及酒店住宿accommodate/adaptto適應(yīng)Hereyestookawhiletoaccommodatetothedarkness.她的眼睛過(guò)了一會(huì)兒才適應(yīng)黑暗。[誤區(qū)警示]accommodation表示“住處，住宿，膳宿”等時(shí)，在英式英語(yǔ)中是不可數(shù)名詞，但在美式英語(yǔ)中通常用復(fù)數(shù)?！騿尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空①Aftertheearthquake,thefirstthingthelocalgovernmentdidwastoprovideaccommodation________thehomelessfamilies.②Ifyou'reluckyenoughtolandsuchan____________(accommodate),though,besureyou're100percentontime.foraccommodation13．ensurevt.確保，保證sureadj.確信的，肯定的；一定的adv.(口語(yǔ))的確；當(dāng)然surelyadv.當(dāng)然；無(wú)疑；(用于否定句，表示難以置信)

ensure＝makesure確保，保證ensurethesafetyof...確?！陌踩玡nsuresb.sth.確保某人……makecertain/sureof弄清楚；確保becertain/sureof/about對(duì)……有把握becertain/surewho/what/how...對(duì)……有把握f(shuō)orcertain/sure確定，無(wú)疑Itiscertainthat...肯定會(huì)……[誤區(qū)警示](1)besuretodosth.用于祈使句表示“務(wù)必要做某事”時(shí)，不能用certain替換sure。(2)It'scertainthatwewillsucceed.(√)It'ssurethatwewillsucceed.(×)◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Knowledgealonecan't________(sure)youasuccess.②Iwalkedfastenoughtomakesure________gettingthereintime.③Heknewthatifhelpdidnotarrivesoontheywould________(sure)die.④Ican'tensure________hewouldbehereintime.ensureofsurelythat14．devicen．設(shè)置，裝置(1)adevicefordoingsth.用于做某事的設(shè)備adevicetodosth.做某事的設(shè)備leavesb.totheirowndevices

聽(tīng)任某人自行其是；對(duì)某人不加干涉(2)adeviceforseparatingmetalfromgarbage

將金屬與垃圾分開(kāi)的設(shè)備digitaldevices數(shù)字設(shè)備mobiledevices移動(dòng)設(shè)備electronicdevices電子設(shè)備awater-savingdevice節(jié)水裝置electricallabour-savingdevicesaroundthehome

節(jié)省勞力的各種家用電器[詞語(yǔ)辨析]device與equipmentdevice多指為某一特殊用途或解決某一特定機(jī)械問(wèn)題而設(shè)計(jì)或改裝的精巧的儀器或裝置，為可數(shù)名詞。equipment多指成套的或重型的設(shè)備或裝備。通常用作不可數(shù)名詞?！騿尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空①Therearesomesafety________(device)toensureworkersagainstaccidents.◎完成句子②Thesearetheapplicationsbuiltfor____________(移動(dòng)設(shè)備).③Thecompanysupplied__________________(一些醫(yī)療設(shè)備)tothedisasterarea.devicesmobiledevicessomemedicaldevices15.pressv．按；壓；催促；擁擠n．新聞界；出版社；報(bào)刊；新聞?shì)浾?；印刷機(jī)pressuren．?dāng)D壓；壓力pressagainst貼/頂/按著……presssth.for敦促；不斷要求presssth.onto/into...把……按入/塞進(jìn)presson堅(jiān)定地繼續(xù)(尤指工作)；堅(jiān)持thelocal/national/foreignpress地方/全國(guó)/外國(guó)報(bào)刊thepressconference記者招待會(huì)，新聞發(fā)布會(huì)underpressure處于壓力下relieve/reducepressure減壓putpressureonsb.向某人施壓[詞語(yǔ)辨析]press與squeezepress指力量來(lái)自上方。squeeze指外在的力量作用于物體上，力量可來(lái)自各個(gè)方面，可用于比喻。Pressthebutton,andthemachinewillwork.按下按鈕，機(jī)器就能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)了。Squeezethespongesothatallthewatercomesout.捏緊海綿，把所有的水?dāng)D出來(lái)。[誤區(qū)警示]press作“新聞界”講時(shí)，要與定冠詞the連用。Theyhaveleakedtheinformationouttothepress.他們已經(jīng)把消息泄露給了新聞界?！騿尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空①Shepressedherface________theglass.②Agovernmentspokespersonmadeastatementto________press.③Thestudentgotup,stoodthere,andsaidnothing.Theteacherpressedhim________ananswer.④Shallwestophereorpress________tothenexttown?⑤[2019·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷]Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthecadence(節(jié)奏)withwhichonetypesandthe________(press)fingersapplytoeachkey.againsttheforonpressure16．confirmvt.確認(rèn)；證實(shí)confirmedadj.已被證實(shí)的；根深蒂固的confirmationn．確認(rèn)書(shū)；證實(shí)；證明書(shū)confirmsb.insth.使某人確信某事confirmsb.inone'sbelief/opinion/view/suspicion

確認(rèn)某人的信念/觀點(diǎn)/看法/懷疑confirmthat...證實(shí)……Itisconfirmedthat...據(jù)確認(rèn)……◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①The________(confirm)nationaldeathtollreached12，300by2amWednesday.②SheglancedoveratJamesfor___________(confirm).③It__________(confirm)byexperiencethatthisistherightapproachtothecommandofgrammar.④Hegavemanyexamplestoconfirmhim________hisview.confirmedconfirmationisconfirmedin17．delivervi.&vt.遞送；傳送；發(fā)表(演講)；生(孩子)；接生；解救deliveryn．傳送；遞送；分娩，生產(chǎn)deliversth.tosb.把某物傳送給某人deliveraspeech/lecture發(fā)表演講deliverababy接生；助產(chǎn)deliversb.ofababy給某人接生孩子bedeliveredof生孩子deliver...from...從……把(某物)發(fā)送出去；把(某人)從……中解救出來(lái)◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquick________(deliver).②Oncehismessage___________(deliver),heallowedmetostayandwatch.③Thedeerwasdelivered________thelion'smouth.④[2020·天津二考]Oncethebookyou'verequestedisdelivered________thenearestbranch,theywillinformyoubye-mail,soyoucanpickitup.⑤Thesnowstormdelayedthe________(deliver)ofthemail.deliverywasdeliveredfromtodelivery◎?qū)懗鼍渲衐eliver的詞義⑥Theprofessordeliveredaninspirationalspeechattheconference.____________⑦Ifinallyquitdeliveringnewspapersanddidn'tseeMrs.Stanleyforseveralyears.____________⑧Theyoungwomanhasjustbeendeliveredofababy.____________發(fā)表遞送生(孩子)18．a(chǎn)rgumentn．論點(diǎn)；論據(jù)；爭(zhēng)論；理由arguev．爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)吵；表明

anargumentfor/againststh.支持/反對(duì)某事的論點(diǎn)haveanargumentwithsb.about/oversth.與某人就某事?tīng)?zhēng)吵getintoanargumentwithsb.與某人爭(zhēng)吵起來(lái)win/loseanargument在辯論中獲勝/失敗arguefor支持argueagainst反對(duì)arguewithsb.about/oversth.因某事與某人爭(zhēng)辯arguesb.into/outofdoingsth.說(shuō)服某人做/不做某事[詞語(yǔ)辨析]argument與debateargument指辯論雙方均以事實(shí)或理由來(lái)說(shuō)服對(duì)方的辯論。debate通常指經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)組織和計(jì)劃的個(gè)人或團(tuán)體之間的辯論?！騿尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空①Theytriedtoarguehim________joiningthem.②Shethoughtitbesttohumourhimratherthangetinto________argument.③Her________(argue)wasthatitwouldbecheapertobuyanewradiothantogettheoldonerepaired.④Aswe'veseen,theexpertsargue________whichdietisthebest.⑤[2019·江蘇卷]Achimpanzeecan'twinanargument________amodernman,butitcantearthemanapartlikearagdoll.⑥Theemployeesfeltthepolicyabouttheirpromotionwasunfairandargued________it.intoanargumentaboutwithagainst19．replacevt.取代；接替replacementn．替代品；更換；替換；接替者replaceableadj.可代替的(1)replaceAwith/byB用B代替Areplacesb.as取代某人成為……(2)takeplace發(fā)生；舉行taketheplaceof＝takeone'splace代替；取代inplace在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；?zhǔn)備妥當(dāng)inplaceof代替；取代◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Wehavereplacedhumanlabour________machines.②Theliving-roomtelevision_________(replace)andgetsplantedinthekids'room...③Aperson,unlikeamachine,isnot_________(replace).④Icannotreplaceyou________herassistant.⑤Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasits__________(replace)：reusableshoppingbags.⑥Allthearrangementsarenow________placefortheirvisit.⑦Therewon'tbeanydifficultyinfinding________replacement.withisreplacedreplaceableasreplacementina20．concentratevi.專注，專心；集中注意力concentratedadj.集中的；全力以赴的concentrationn.專心，專注；集中，聚集(1)concentrateone'sattention/mind/energyon

集中注意力/心思/精力于(2)“集中”的其他短語(yǔ)：focuson集中于fixone'sattentionon集中注意力于putone'sheartinto全神貫注于◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Youcannotaffordtorelaxyour_______________(concentrate)foramoment.②Itwasuptohimtoconcentrate________hisstudiesandmakesomethingofhimself.③[2019·全國(guó)Ⅲ卷]Theyreflecta_____________(concentrate)beamoflightontothetown'scentralsquare,creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.◎一句多譯我們必須把注意力集中在效率上。④_____________________________________.(concentrate)⑤________________________________.(focus)concentrationonconcentratedWemustconcentrateourattentiononefficiencyWemustfocusourattentiononefficiency21.focusv.給予某物關(guān)注；聚集；使集中；使聚集n.焦點(diǎn)；焦距；中心focusedadj.注意力集中的(1)focuson/upon關(guān)注；集中于focusone'sattention/mind/energyon/upon把注意力/精力集中在……befocusedon/upon集中于infocus/outoffocus(照片、相機(jī)等)焦點(diǎn)對(duì)準(zhǔn)/沒(méi)有對(duì)準(zhǔn)；對(duì)焦/失焦comeintofocus成為焦點(diǎn)bringsthintofocus使某事成為焦點(diǎn)thefocusofattention注意的焦點(diǎn)(2)“全神貫注于/專心于”的表達(dá)：beabsorbedin belostinbeburiedin

beoccupiedinbedevotedto◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Youwillwanttocontinuetofocus________positivechoices.②Ithinkmyfaceinthispictureisabit________offocus.③Heis________(focus)onnothingbutwinning.④Recentlytheproblemhasbeenbrought________focus.⑤Igother________focusbeforeItookthephoto.⑥Healwayswantstobe________focusofattention.onoutfocusedintointothe22．limitingadj.局限的，限制性的limitn.限度；限制；界限vt.限制；限定limitedadj.有限的；被限制的setalimitto/on限制，控制withinthelimitsof...在……范圍內(nèi)Thereisno/alimit/arelimitsto/on...

……是無(wú)限制的/有限制的limit...to...把……限定在……belimitedto限定在……◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thereisalimit________whatonepersoncanauthoritytolerate.②Speecheswerelimited________tenminuteseach.③Theymayonlyhavea________(limit)amountoftimetogettheirpointsacross.④Setalimit________thenumberoftasksyoutakeoneachdayandsticktoit.⑤Teachingshouldn't________(limit)onlytotheclassroom.to/ontolimitedto/onbelimited?第二版塊|重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1．lookforwardto期望；期待；盼望“動(dòng)詞＋副詞＋介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)還有：lookdownon輕視，瞧不起getdownto開(kāi)始做breakawayfrom脫離；逃離doawaywith擺脫，廢除addupto總數(shù)為liveupto不辜負(fù)catchupwith趕上comeupwith提出，想出(答案等)putupwith容忍makeupfor彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償geton/alongwith與……相處runoutof用完，用盡thinkhighlyof用……評(píng)價(jià)高[易錯(cuò)提示]to是介詞，后面接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Sheislookingforward________thechallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.②Nomatterhowlowyouconsideryourself,thereisalwayssomeonelookingup________youwishingtheywerethathigh.③Hesaysthathe'slooking________(forward)toincreasingtypesofbooksinthelibrary.④Ihaverun________ofpatiencewithher.⑤Peoplethink________(high)ofthemovie.totoforwardouthighly2.(be)knownas作為……而出名；被稱為……(后接身份)(1)beknownfor因……而出名(后接原因)beknownto為……所知(后接對(duì)象)(2)asisknowntoall/asweallknow/aseveryoneknows眾所周知(as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Sheisknown________aself-focusedpoet.②Heisbetterknown________hisfilmandTVworks.③[2020·浙江二考閱讀]Theselights________(known)asadaptivesignals,haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.asforknown3．relateto涉及；與……相關(guān)；和……相處很好；和……合得來(lái)；理解，喜歡；把……與……聯(lián)系起來(lái)relatev.聯(lián)系；使有聯(lián)系；講述relatedadj.相關(guān)的；有聯(lián)系的relationn.關(guān)系，聯(lián)系

relateAtoB把A與B聯(lián)系起來(lái)(be)relatedto與……有關(guān)系(be)/closely/stronglyrelatedto與……有密切關(guān)系(be)directlyrelatedto與……有直接關(guān)系berelatedtotheotherproducts關(guān)聯(lián)其他產(chǎn)品berelatedtotheothermembers與其他成員有關(guān)arelatedissue/question相關(guān)的課題/問(wèn)題astress-relatedillness壓力導(dǎo)致的疾病inrelationto關(guān)于……；與……相比[誤區(qū)警示]relatedto...和connectedwith...常在句中作后置定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于which/that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句?！騿尉湔Z(yǔ)法填空①Soheforcedhimself________(relate)thepartthatmadehimuneasy.②Wemadesolidstridesinreforms________(relate)toagriculture,ruraldevelopmentandsocialprograms.③Traineesshouldbeinvitedtorelatenewideas________theiroriginalexperiences.④Likemostquestions_______(relate)toourhealthanddailyhabits,thisanswerisbothyesandno.torelaterelatedtorelated4．compare...to...把……比作……compare...with...把……與……比較compare...to...把……比作……(用于比喻)comparenoteswithsb.與某人交換意見(jiàn)comparedwith/to作方式狀語(yǔ)，表示“與……相比”◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①[2020·浙江一考]Thefirstisdecliningbirthrates,whichmeansoldgenerationsarelarge________(compare)toyoungergenerations.②Iguess,compared________mostofthem,wearewelloff.◎完成句子③亨利可以比作她心目中的太陽(yáng)。Henrycan_____________thesuninhereyes.④與容納約25萬(wàn)人的城市大競(jìng)技場(chǎng)相比，這只是小巫見(jiàn)大巫。[2021·全國(guó)乙卷閱讀]Thatwassmallfry____________thecity'sCircusMaximus,whichaccommodatedaround250，000people.comparedwith/tobecomparedtocomparedwith5.stayintouchwith與……保持聯(lián)系

(1)表動(dòng)作getintouchwith...

和……取得聯(lián)系losetouchwith...

和……失去聯(lián)系(2)表狀態(tài)keep/stayintouchwith...

和……保持聯(lián)系beintouchwith...

和……有聯(lián)系beoutoftouchwith...

和……失去聯(lián)系◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①Youcanstay________touchwithfriendsnomatterwhereyouareorwhatyouaredoing.②Tomakeiteasiertogetintouch________us,you'dbetterkeepthiscardathand.③Thanksforshowingusyourproductsoverandover—we'llbe________touch.④I'mtryingtogetintouch________Jane.Doyouhaveherphonenumber?⑤I'llputyou________touchwithsomeoneinyourarea.inwithinwithin◎完成句子⑥兩周前，我的兒子，本，聯(lián)系上了。Twoweeksearlier,myson,Ben,had___________．⑦幸運(yùn)地是，我設(shè)法與那位官員取得了聯(lián)系，并給她寄去了一張照片。Fortunately,Imanagedto____________theofficerandsendheraphoto.gotintouchgetintouchwith6.referto提到，談到；參考，查看，查閱；涉及referencen．參考

referto...as把……稱為……refertohisexperiences談到他的經(jīng)歷refertoadictionary查詞典refertothetelephonedirectory查電話簿givethespeechwithoutreferringtonotes脫稿發(fā)表演講refertoAsianproblems涉及亞洲問(wèn)題◎單句語(yǔ)法填空①ThePritzkerArchitecturePrizeisoftenreferredto________theNobelPrizeinarchitecture.◎完成句子②當(dāng)我遇到難題時(shí)，我通常會(huì)選擇查閱相關(guān)的學(xué)習(xí)資料或網(wǎng)頁(yè)。WhenIamfacedwithadifficulty,Iusuallychooseto_________relevantlearningmaterialsorWebpages.asreferto?第三版塊|典型句式1．by＋時(shí)間到……時(shí)為止，到……的時(shí)候[教材原句]Bythelate1990s,theyhadbeenusedinwebchats.20世紀(jì)90年代末，虛擬形象被用于網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天。[句式分析]by＋過(guò)去的時(shí)間，句子常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。by＋將來(lái)的時(shí)間，句子常用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。[歸納拓展](1)bythetime＋一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句通常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示截止到從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，主句動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。Bythetimehewasfourteenyearsold,hehadlearnedmathsallbyhimself.到他十四歲的時(shí)候，他已經(jīng)自學(xué)了數(shù)學(xué)。(2)bythetime＋一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(表示將來(lái))，主句通常用將來(lái)完成時(shí)，表示截止到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間為止，主句動(dòng)作將已經(jīng)完成。BythetimethisletterreachesyouIwillhaveleftthecountry.你收到這封信時(shí)，我已離開(kāi)這個(gè)國(guó)家了。(3)如果主句動(dòng)作不強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)完成，只是說(shuō)明某個(gè)時(shí)候的狀況，主句不用完成時(shí)，而應(yīng)根據(jù)需要選用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)，此時(shí)bythetime相當(dāng)于when。Bythetime