【初高中銜接】專題09 名詞性從句

2022年初升高英語無憂銜接（通用版）專題09名詞性從句名詞性從句在功能上相當(dāng)于名詞,在復(fù)合句中能充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、同位語等。主語

{Hisnovelisimportant.Whathewritesisimportant.表語Thisishisnovel.Thisiswhathewriteseveryday.

{賓語Idon’tlikehisnovel.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位語Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefact

thatheisaclerk.指出下列各名詞性從句的種類。1.Theweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.2.Shewonderedifthetellermachincewouldstillberunning.3.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.4.Shesensedthatshewasdoingsomethingwrong.5.

Whenwewillstartisnotclear.6.

Ihadnoideathatyouweregoodatskating.賓語從句賓語從句表語從句賓語從句主語從句同位語從句

Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主語謂語賓語（簡(jiǎn)單句）主語謂語賓語從句連詞從句主語從句謂語

主句（復(fù)合句）句子做賓語就是賓語從句，跟在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句+連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+賓語從句。ObjectClauses

賓語從句一、賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞

引導(dǎo)詞

句子類型that陳述句一般疑問句if/whether(是否)特殊疑問詞特殊疑問句

一、連詞（引導(dǎo)詞）

1.當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時(shí)（包括肯定句和否定句），連詞由that引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)閠hat在從句中不作任何成分，也沒有任何具體意思，因此在口語或非正式文體中常省略。Theplayerfeels(that)hisownteamisevenbetter.

Shesays(that)shewon’tgiveupherplan.Jimthought(that)thepartywasfun.

賓語從句中的連接詞that在以下三種情況下不能省略：（1）當(dāng)that從句與另一名詞性從句并列作賓語時(shí)，第二個(gè)that不能?。唬?）當(dāng)that從句作介詞賓語時(shí)，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式賓語的賓語從句。Everyoneknewwhathappenedand

thatshewasworried.Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.在主句為動(dòng)詞be加某些形容詞（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表語時(shí)，后面所跟的省略that的從句也可算是賓語從句。I’msorry

(that)

Idon’tknow.We’resure

(that)

ourteamwillwin.I’mafraid

(that)

hewon’tpasstheexam.2.當(dāng)賓語從句是一般疑問句時(shí)，由連詞whether或if引導(dǎo)，“是否”，不能省略。Lilywantedtoknow

if/whether

hergrandmalikedthehandbag.Let’ssee

if/whether

wecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.Sheaskedme

if/whether

shecouldborrowthesebooks.1).whether和if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語從句a.當(dāng)有ornot時(shí)就用whether,不用if.Idon’tknowwhetherornotIwillgototheparty.b.介詞后面的賓語從句不能用if.

IworryaboutwhetherIcanpasstheexam.c.whether也可與動(dòng)詞不定式連用但if不能。Ihavenotdecidedwhethertogoornot.

d）whether常與or連用表示一種選擇，if不能這樣用Thequestionofwhethertheyareoldoryoungisnotimportant.whether和if的使用區(qū)別:即學(xué)即練if/whether

1.Iaskedher____________shehadabike.

2.We’reworriedabout_________heissafe.

3.Idon’tknow_________heiswellornot.

4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

5.Idon’tknow__________Ishouldgo.

if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether/if_______togo.whether3.當(dāng)賓語從句是特殊疑問句時(shí)，由疑問詞（what,who,whom,which,whose

when,where,how,why等）引導(dǎo)，因?yàn)橐蓡栐~在從句中擔(dān)任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意義，所以不可以省略。Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?Idon’trememberwhenwearrived.IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney.Pleasetellmewho\whomwehavetosee.Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves?Idon’tknow______isyourbrother.Isthemanindarkglasses?Idon’tknow_______oftheboysisyourbrother.Idon’tknow_______goodtheywilldo.I’mworriedabout_______hewillsoongetwell.Iwanttoknow_________shehasgoneshopping.Wewondered_________thatwasaspyornot.whowhichwhatwhetherwhether/ifwhetherTheyhavedecided_____theywillleaveforNewYork.ThatisnextSunday.Wedon’tknow_______theydidn’tfinishthejobintime.Motherwaspleased______herdaughterhadpassedthecollegeexams.MadamCuriediscovered______shecalledradium.Wouldyoumindtellingme_______languageyourfriendspeaks?Wouldyoumindtellingme_______languageyourfriendspeaks,EnglishorFrench?whenwhythatwhatwhatwhich二、時(shí)態(tài)1.如果主句是現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)），從句的時(shí)態(tài)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定，（包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)等）。Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.2.如果主句是過去的時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)），那么從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（包括一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)）Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.3.當(dāng)從句是客觀真理，定義，公理，定理時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.三、語序賓語從句的語序用陳述語序：連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分。Idon’tknowwhatisthematter\thetrouble\wrongwithhim.1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.

2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhathewantstobuy.Idon’tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.四.賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是think,believe,suppose,expect等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時(shí)，常把否定前移至主句表示。Idon’tthinkyouareright.Idon’tthinkitisrightforhimtotreatyoulikethat.Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,____________?IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,___________?Wesupposeyouhavefinishedtheproject,___________?ishe?won'tshe/he

haven'tyou當(dāng)主句的主語是第二、三人稱時(shí)，其反義疑問句一般與主句保持一致。1.Yoursistersupposessheneedsnohelp,_________?2.Youthoughttheycouldhavecompletedtheproject,___________?3.Theydon'tbelieveshe'sanengineer,___________?4.Shedoesn'texpectthatwearecomingsosoon,__________?doesn'tshe

didn'tyoudotheydoesshe1.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime

4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC5.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgoC.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgoBCD表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句,放在系動(dòng)詞之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的系動(dòng)詞有be,look,remain,seemPredicativeClauses

表語從句連接詞：

that/whether/asif/asthough

（if不引導(dǎo)表語從句)

who/whom/whose/which/what

when/where/why/how/becauseThequestioniswhether

wecanrelyon

him.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyat

thattime.Helookedasif

hewasgoingtocry.That’swhyIwaslate.在表語從句中，表“是否”時(shí)，只能用“whether”不能用“if”。一般情況下，“that”不能省。

Itis/wasbecause….Itis/waswhy….3.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….4Thereasonisbecause/why…that….1.That’s___thePartycalledonustodo.A.whyB.whatC.howD.that2.Thereasonis___heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.Whether3.Thatis___theyseparated.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.Janeisnolonger___shewasfouryearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.when主語從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)主語成分。1)

Thathewillsucceediscertain.2)

Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3)Whathesaidisnottrue.4)

Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5)

Whoevercomesiswelcome.6)It’scertainthathewillsucceed.7)

Howwecanhelpthetwins

willbediscussedatthemeeting.8)Whenthey’llstarttheproject

hasnotbeendecidedyet.SubjectClauses

主語從句一.由that

引導(dǎo)that無意義,后接一個(gè)完整的句子.that不可省。1.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.2.________________________isknowntoall.(地球是圓的)3.________________________isapity.

(你錯(cuò)過了這次機(jī)會(huì))

ThattheearthisroundThatyoumissedthechance二whether“if”不能引導(dǎo)主語從句三.疑問詞引導(dǎo)詞Summary

注意一:主語從句后置!為了避免主語冗長(zhǎng),句子頭重腳輕,經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語.Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1.Thattheearthisroundisknowntoall.--2.Thatyoumissedthechanceisapity.--

由連詞whether,連接代詞what,who,which和連接副詞when,where,why,how等引導(dǎo),也常常后置:

Itisapitythatyoumissedthechance.It’sknowntoallthattheearthisround.It

的用法：（形式主語）

It’possible/important/necessary/clear…that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’ssaid/reported…that..據(jù)說/據(jù)報(bào)道…It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat..已經(jīng)通知/宣布…Itseems/appears/happens..that…

顯然、明顯、碰巧..It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/無疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(眾所周知/acommonsaying….（俗話說）注意二注意：主語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可根據(jù)表語決定Whatheneeds__thatbook.Whatheneeds__somebooks.isare

what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分,如主語,賓語,表語,而that則不然,它在句子中只起連接作用。例如：(1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.(2)Thatsheisstillaliveisapuzzle.注意三：What與that引導(dǎo)主語從句

___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.

A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere3.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry____theFirstWorld.Which;belongtob.As,belongedtoc.What;belongingtod.It;belongingto4.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.A.waterisB.thatwateris

C.iswaterD.thatwaterto5.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when6.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.A.isB.areC.hasDhave同位語從句

1.跟在某些名詞后面，對(duì)該名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋說明。常用名詞有belief,fact,idea,hope,news,doubt,result,thought,information,opinion等。Suggestion,suggestorderdemandwish等2.常用連詞：that;when,where,why,howe.g.1.消息傳來，拿破侖要來視察他的軍隊(duì)。2.問題是他如何做這件事的。

WordcamethatNapoleonwouldcomeandinspecthisgrandarmy.

It’sthequestionhowhedidit.注意：1.同位語從句多用that引導(dǎo)，無意義不可省。2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引導(dǎo)同位語從句。Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Ihavenoideawhenhedidit.Ihavenoideawhathedid.1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight._____________________________________________________

Thefact

that

twothirdsofallgirlsareonadiet

worriestheirparentsandteachersalot._____________________________________________________________Weheardthenewslastnightthat

theQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.4.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.5.Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime./Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.3.Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyBritishparentsholdtheview.____________________________________________________ManyBritishparentsholdtheview

that

teenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.____________________________Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea

that

timetravelispossible.______________________________________________________Thesuggestion

that

Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.比較：1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpected.我們表達(dá)了他們?cè)?jīng)表達(dá)過的那種希望。2.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.我們希望他們?cè)賮碇袊?guó)訪問。定語從句同位語從句區(qū)別that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句和定語從句：引導(dǎo)同位語的連詞that在句中不作任何句子成分，而在定語從句中，that充當(dāng)?shù)目梢允菑木涞闹髡Z或賓語等。同位語從句是對(duì)前面名詞的內(nèi)容的具體說明，而定語從句是對(duì)前面名詞進(jìn)行修飾，解釋為“….的”連詞that在同位語從句中不可省略,而在定語從句中當(dāng)它充當(dāng)賓語時(shí)可以省略。判斷下列各句是同位語從句還是定語從句1.TheyexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.2.

ThehopethatsheexpressedisthattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain.

3.Thefactthatsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.4.Ican'tstandtheterriblenoisethatsheiscryingloudly.同位語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句1.____madetheschoolproudwas____morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.AWhat/becauseBWhat/thatCThat/whatDThat/because2.___shecouldn’tunderstandwas___fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.AWhat/whyBThat/whatCWhat/becauseDWhy/thatBAB3.Heisabsentfromschool.Itis__heisseriouslyill.A.whyB.becauseC.thatD.thereason4___hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.AWhoBTheoneCAnyoneDWhoever5.Informationhasbeenputforward__moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.AthatBhowCwhereDwhatDA6---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.---Isthat___youhadafewdaysoff?AwhyBwhenCwhatDwhere7

---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?

---Oh,that’s___.AwhatmakesmefeelexcitedBwhateverIfeelexcitedaboutChowIfeelaboutit

DwhenIfeelexcitedAA.__fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.AWhatBThatCThisDWhich10.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:

Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly__hewants.AwhatBwhichCwhenDthat11.Wemadethesuggestionthathe___hiswork.AcontinuesBcontinueCcontinuedDhadcontinuedBAB12.Therewillbeaspecialpricefor____buysthingsinlargenumberhere.A.whoB.whomC.whoeverD.Whomever13.Marywroteanarticleon____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.whyB.whatC.whoD.that14.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept__helphecanget.

A.whicheverB.howeverC.wh