【高一 拓展閱讀-職業(yè)】Great Minds Vincent van Gogh

GreatMinds:VincentvanGoghVincentvanGoghwasafamousartistandpainter.Today,heisknownforsuchpaintingsasTheStarryNight(星月夜)andSunflowers.Butthefunnythingaboutfameisthatsometimesyoudon’tgetappreciatedwhileyou’realive.SuchisthecasewithVanGogh.Hewasn’trecognisedforthisgreatworkuntilafterhisdeathHewasbornin1853intheNetherlands.Whenhewasyoung,VanGoghenjoyeddrawingbutneverconsidereditasacareer.Infact,hehadmanyotherjobsbeforebecomingafull-timeartist.Forexample,heworkedasateacher,asalesclerkinabookstore,andfollowedhisfather’sfootstepsasaministerandmissionary(傳教士).Butattheageof27,hedecidedtofollowhisheartandpursueartfull-time.Hisfirstdrawingsweremadeusingpencils,charcoal(炭筆)sticks,andwatercolours.OneofhisearliestfamouspaintingswascalledThePotatoEaters.Itshowedapeasantfamilychewingdownonsomepotatoesfordinner.Soonafter,VanGoghstartedusingoilpaints.Inthebeginning,helikeddarkercolours.Notonlythat,buthispaintingswereoftensadandabitgloomy.HisbrotherTheotriedtosellhispaintings,butnobodywantedtobuythem.ThenTheointroducedhimtoanewstyleofpaintingcalledImpressionism（印象主義）.VanGogheventuallymovedtoParistolearnmoreaboutthisstyle.HisworkwasinfluencedbysuchpaintersasclaudemonetandPaulGauguin.Hestartedtousebrightercoloursandchangedthewayheusedhispaintbrush.Hewasalsopassionateaboutpaintingportraitsofpeople.Inthelastfewyearsofhislife,hepaintedhundredsofpictures.Manyofthesebecamehisbestworks.Hewasobsessedwithhisart.Somedays,hewouldbarelyeatHenevergotmarriedorhadchildren,andbecamethestereotypical（典型的）“crazyandintenseartist”.Onenight,hehadanargumentwithhisfriendPaulGauguin.Rightafterthat,hecutoffpartofhisearlobe（耳垂）inafitofpassion.Soonafter,hecheckedhimselfintoamentalhealthhospital.ItissaidthathesufferedfrommentalillnessanddepressionHealsohadepilepsy（癲癇）.Buthecontinuedtopaint.In1890,hetookhislifeatonly37yearsold.Today,he’sconsideredoneofthegreatestpaintersofalltime.Andasyoucanimagine,someofhispaintingssellformillionsofdollars.PortraitofDoctorGachetwassoldfor$82.5million.That’saworldrecord！ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion1.WhowasanimportantsupporterofVanGogh’sartcareer?A.Hisbrother,TheoB.HisfatherC.Hisfriend,PaulGauguinD.Nobodysupportedhim2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTafamouspaintingbyVincentvanGogh?A.TheStarryNightB.SunflowersC.PortraitofdoctorGachetD.MonaLisa3.WhathappenedbeforeVincentvanGoghcutoffpartofhisear?A.HepaintedawonderfulpictureB.HehadadinnerwithhisparentsC.HeboughtalotofnewpaintingtoolsD.Hehadanargumentwithhisfriend4.WhyisthepaintingPortraitofDoctorGachetsofamous?A.Itwassoldfor$82.5millionandsetaworldrecordB.ItwasthefirstpaintingbyVincentvanGoghC.ItwasthelastpaintingbyVincentvanGoghD.Gachetwashisbestfriendinhislife5.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaboutVincentvanGogh?A.HenevergotmarriedorhadchildrenB.HebecamethestereotypicalcrazyandintenseartistC.Hedecidedtofollowhisheartandpursueartattheageof17D.HisworkwasinfluencedbyClaudeMonetandPaulGauguinVocabulary基礎(chǔ)詞painting n.繪畫(huà)（作品）油面 英apicturethathasbeenpainted記詞根記憶paint（繪畫(huà)）+ing（表名詞,行為的產(chǎn)物）→繪畫(huà)（作品） 搭oilpainting油畫(huà)fame n.名聲；名望 記聯(lián)想記憶name（名字）變n為f成了fame（名聲） 搭rise/shoottofame聲名鵲起alive adj.有活力的；有生氣的；活（著）的 英living；notdead 記詞根記憶a（…的）+live（活）→活的→有生氣的 搭bealivewithsth.充滿,到處都是（活物）death n.死亡 記來(lái)自dead（adj.死的） 搭putsb.todeath殺死；處死career n.生涯；經(jīng)歷；事業(yè),職業(yè)例Jennyrejectedapromisingcareerinlawtobecomeanactor.珍妮拒絕了有前途的法律職業(yè),轉(zhuǎn)而成了一名演員clerk n.售貨員；職員；接待員；辦事員 英apersonwhosejobistoservecustomersinashop 搭abankclerk一名銀行職員footstep n.足跡；腳步聲 記組合詞foot（腳）+step（步）腳步聲 搭followinsb’sfootsteps步某人的后塵；繼承某人的事業(yè)chew v.嚼碎；咀嚼 搭chewinggum口香糖introduce vt.介紹；引進(jìn) 英tomakesth.availableforuse,discussionetcforthefirsttime 記詞根記憶into（進(jìn)入）+duc（引導(dǎo)）+e→引進(jìn)例WhenwascoffeeintroducedintoChina？咖啡是什么時(shí)候傳入中國(guó)的？

Vocabulary進(jìn)階詞appreciate vt.賞識(shí)；鑒賞；欣賞；感激 英torecognisethegoodqualitiesofsb./sth.例She’slearnedtoappreciatethesculptures.她已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了欣賞雕塑作品recognise vt.認(rèn)出；承認(rèn),認(rèn)可；意識(shí)到記詞根記憶re（再,又）+cogn（知道）+ise（表動(dòng)詞）再次知道→認(rèn)出例Companiesshouldrecognisethattheiremployeesareasignificantpartoftheirfinancialassets.公司應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到,雇員是其金融資產(chǎn)的重要組成部分。minister n.部長(zhǎng)；外交使節(jié)；牧師pursue vt.繼續(xù)進(jìn)行；致力于；追擊,追捕；追求例Fewpredatorsfailtopursuesuchobviouslyvulnerableprey.絕大多數(shù)食肉動(dòng)物都能追捕到如此明顯易受攻擊的獵物。gloomy adj.憂郁的；（令人）淚喪的；昏暗的,陰暗的,陰沉的 英nearlydark,orbadlylitinawaythatmakesyoufeelsad 記詞根記憶gloom（陰暗）+y（多…的）陰暗的portrait n.肖像,畫(huà)像；照片；描寫(xiě),描繪 搭afamilyportrait一張全家福obsess vt.（使）迷戀；（使）著迷記詞根記憶ob