版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進行舉報或認領(lǐng)
文檔簡介
WhyYousay“Um”beforeCertainWords?Ifyoupaycloserattentiontothosemomentswhenan“um”,an“uh”oranawkwardpauseinsertsitselfintoyourconversation,youmaynoticethattheflub(失誤)usuallycomesjustbeforeanoun,accordingtoanewstudy.Researchersfoundthatwhenpeopleareinmid-sentenceandawordispronouncedmoreslowly,orseemsjustbeyondtheirgrasp,thatwordismorelikelytobeanounthanaverb.Thismighthappenbecausevisualisingnounsbeforewesaythemtemporarilyslowsourspeech,whileactionwordslikeverbsrequirelesstimeto“see”inourmindsbeforetheyleaveourmouths,thestudyauthorssaid.Thecomplexinteractionofvariousfactorsshapesthespeedofaperson’sspeechandthesefactorsincludethefrequencyandfamiliarity(熟悉)ofthewordsused,theresearcherswroteinthestud.Infact,scientistshavepreviouslyobservedthatpausesprecedingunfamiliarorcomplicatedwordsreflectthecomparativedifficultyofplanningthosewords,leadstudyauthorFrankSeifart,aresearcherwiththeDepartmentofLiteraryStudiesandLinguisticsattheUniversityofAmsterdamintheNetherlands,toldLiveScienceinanemail.Forthenewstudy,theresearchersanalysedthousandsofspeechrecordings,listeningfortherhythmsof288,848wordsintotal,fromphrasesinninediverselanguagesspokeninEurope,NorthAmerica,Mexico,Siberia,theHimalayas,theAmazonrainforestandtheKalahariDesert.Inallninelanguages,thescientistsfoundthatpauses--whethersilentor“filled”withaplaceholder(占位符)sound-were60percentmorelikelytooccurbeforenounsthanbeforeverbs,Theresearchersfurtherfoundthatpeopleweretwiceaslikelytohemandhaw(支支吾吾)beforesayinganounthantheywerebeforeutteringaverb,eveniftheverbwascomplexorunfamiliar.Incommonspeech,nounsaretypicallyusedonlywhentheyaddinformationthatisneworunexpected;otherwisetheyarefrequentlyomittedorreplacedwithpronouns,theresearcherssaid.Therefore,peopleneedmore“planningtime”tosaynounsthanverbs,evenwhenthenounsinquestionaren’tparticularlycomplicated,theresearchersnotedinthestudy.Theirfindingssuggestedthateventhoughthelanguagesdemonstratedsignificantdiversityingrammaticalstructureandculturalcontext,certainspeechrhythmspersistentlyfollowedstronguniversalpatterns-andthosepatternscanbelinkedtotheuseofnounsorverbs.Seifartsaidintheemail.ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion.1.Wheredoesanawkwardpauseusuallyhappeninyourconversation?A.Beforeanadverb.B.Beforeanadjective.C.Beforeanoun.D.Beforeaverb.2.WhyisitmorelikelytobeanounthanaverbwhenawordispronouncedmoreslowlyA.Becausevisualisingverbsbeforewesaythemmayslowourspeech.B.Becausewearemorefamiliarwithactionwordslikeverbsthanwithnouns.C.Becausenounsrequiremoretimeto“see”inourmindsbeforewesaythem.D.Becausenounsaremorecomplicatedinspellingandlessfrequentlyused.3.WhoisFrankSeifart?A.Ateacher.B.Aresearcher.C.Astudent.D.Ascholar.4.Howmanywordsdidtheresearcherslistenfortherhythms?A.288,448.B.288,848.C.248848.D.284.848.5.WhichinformationisNOTmentionedinthisarticle?A.Theflubusuallycomesjustbeforeanoun.B.Nounsaretypicallyusedonlywhentheyaddinformation.C.Peopleneedmoreplanningtimetosaynounsthanverbs.D.Apersonoftenpausesbeforeanunfamiliarverb.Vocabulary基礎(chǔ)詞awkward adj.令人尷尬的,別扭的;笨拙的;局促不安的英makingyoufeelembarrassedpause n./vi.停頓,暫停;中止例Thecarefulspypausedatthedoorandlookedbackbeforehewentintotheroom.那個謹慎的間諜進屋之前在門口停住了并向身后望了一下。grasp n./vt.領(lǐng)會;掌握;抓住;抓緊;控制英understandingofsthdifficult記聯(lián)想記憶:他見到她宛如抓?。╣rasp)-根救命稻草(grass)例Thequestionisbeyondthegraspofher.這個問題超出了她的理解能力。complexadj.復(fù)雜的,難懂的;復(fù)合的n.建筑群;相關(guān)聯(lián)的一組事物;情結(jié)記詞根記憶:com(表加強)+plex(重疊)→互相重疊的→復(fù)雜的搭complexmedicalinstruments復(fù)雜的醫(yī)療器械rhythm n.節(jié)奏,韻律;有規(guī)律的變化英astrongregularrepeatedpatternofsounds記聯(lián)想記憶:音樂好聽的原因(reason)是有節(jié)奏((rhythm)搭therhythmofthemusic音樂的節(jié)奏diverse adj.不同的;各不相同的;多種多樣的英variedordifferent記詞根記憶:di(分開)vers(轉(zhuǎn))+e→分開轉(zhuǎn)會產(chǎn)生很多變化→不同的;多種多樣的omit vt.遺漏;省略記聯(lián)想記憶:om(音似:嘔)+it(它)→把它嘔出去→省略例Pleasedon’tomitanydetails,nomatterhowtrivialtheymayseem.請不要遺漏任何細節(jié),無論它們看起來多么微不足道。universal adj.普遍的;通用的;全世界的;宇宙的英existingeverywhereorinvolvingeveryone記詞根記憶:uni(一個)+vers(轉(zhuǎn))+a(…的)+一個旋轉(zhuǎn)著的宇宙→宇宙的搭universalphenomenon普遍現(xiàn)象Vocabulary進階詞insert vt.插入記詞根記憶:in(在…里面)+sert(插入)→放在里面→插入例Nowinsertthekeyinthelock.現(xiàn)在把鑰匙插到鎖孔里。conversationn.交談,會話英aninformaltalkinwhichpeopleexchangenews,feelings,andthoughts記來自converse(vi.交談,會話)visualisev.構(gòu)思,設(shè)想;想象,使形象化記詞根記憶:vis(看)+ual(…的)+ise(使…)→使…看見→想象,使形象化例Anarchitectcantakealookatadrawingandvisualisetheshapeofthebuilding.建筑師看一眼設(shè)計圖,就能想象出建筑物的形狀。temporarily adv.臨時地,暫時地英lastingorintendedtolastorbeusedonlyforashorttimefrequencyn.頻繁;頻率搭frequencyrange頻率范圍previously adv.先前,以前英beforethepresenttimeorthetimereferredtocomparativeadj.比較的;比較級的;相對的n.比較級記詞根記憶:com(共同)+par(相等)+ative(…的)→放在一起看看是否相等→比較的linguistics n.語言學搭comparativelinguistics比較語言學utter vt.出聲;說adj.完全的英tosaysthortomakeaso
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負責。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 中國歐盟商會商業(yè)信心調(diào)查 European Business in China POSITIONPAPER 2024 2025
- 陜西省渭南市韓城市2024屆九年級上學期期中考試數(shù)學試卷(含答案)
- 神奇圣人王陽明課件
- 5年中考3年模擬試卷初中道德與法治八年級下冊05專項素養(yǎng)綜合全練(五)
- 人教版小學音樂教案三年級下冊
- 膾炙人口的歌-小城故事 課件 2024-2025學年粵教花城版(簡譜)(2024)初中音樂七年級上冊
- DB11-T 2056-2022 環(huán)境空氣總懸浮顆粒物網(wǎng)格化監(jiān)測技術(shù)規(guī)范
- DB11-T 1938-2021 引調(diào)水隧洞監(jiān)測技術(shù)導(dǎo)則
- 親子樂園裝修施工合同
- 港口至市區(qū)穿梭巴士協(xié)議
- 北京市建筑施工起重機械設(shè)備管理的若干規(guī)定
- 新建時速200公里客貨共線鐵路設(shè)計暫行規(guī)定
- 實行特殊工時工作制實施方案
- 微波測量概述及信號源測量技術(shù):4微波頻譜分析儀工作原理第四章
- 數(shù)控加工市級技能大師工作室的申報報告
- 現(xiàn)金工資領(lǐng)取單
- ED密封及其配合ED圈尺寸
- 人教版小學數(shù)學二年級上冊《長度單位認識米尺及米》PPT
- 三級醫(yī)院臨床重點專科建設(shè)情況自評表
- 蘇教版五年級上冊數(shù)學多邊形的面積整理與練習教學設(shè)計
- KET詞匯拼寫題學生版
評論
0/150
提交評論