【高二 拓展閱讀-生活和運動】Crazy Cool Sports Facts

CrazyCoolSportsFactsDoyouknowjusthowhighasnowboarderfliesintotheairoverahalf-pipeorwhattimeofdaytorunaraceifyouwanttosetaworldrecord？Canyouguessjusthowmanymilessoccerplayersruninamatch？Sportsarefullofamazingfeatsthatarealmosttoocrazytobelieve-athleteswhoinverttricks，breakspeedrecordsanddefygravity.Here’salookatsomeofthecoolestfactswecouldfind.AnOlympicsnowboardertypicallysoars20feetoverahalf-pipe.Thatmeanstheyarecloseto46feet-aboutfourstories-abovetheground.Askijumpertakesoffat60milesperhour.Thereisalittlevariety，duetospeeddownthein-run（thehillbeforethejump），howmuchanindividualskierweighsandfrictionbetweentheskisandsnow，butgenerally，theyareclockingspeedsyoucanonlyreachinyourcar.Asoccermidfielder（中場隊員）runsapproximatelysevenmilesineachfull-lengthmatch.Andrefereesrunevenfarther.Left-handedathletesmaybebetteratsomesports，About10percentofpeopleintheworldareleft-handedInboxingandbaseball，20to30percentoftop-rankedandprofessionalplayersareleft-handed.Contrarytocolbelief,humanshavemorethanfivesensesandthose“extra”senseshelppeopleexcelinsports.Forexample，proprioception（本體感受）isknowingwhereyourbodyisinspace，andit’sanimportantpartofbalanceinsports.Addthatonetoyourkidsvocabtest.Athletesaremorelikelytobreakrecordsintheafternoonandearlyeveningbecauseoftheircircadianrhythm-the24-hourbuilt-inbodyclockthateverypersonhasDifferenthormonesarereleasedthroughouttheday，andthosehormonescanhelpwithperformance.Trackathletesarealsomorelikelytobreakrecordsintheafternoonbecausetheirbodytemperatureishigher.KeepyourparentsawayfromtheWorldCup！Heartattacksincreasedby25percentamongviewerswhenEnglandlosttoArgentinainthe1998WorldCup，aftertheknockout（淘汰賽的）gamecamedowntoapenaltyshootout（點球大戰(zhàn)）.Similaranomalieshavebeenrecordedinotherstressfulsituations，suchasnaturaldisasters.Inasoccergame，playerschangedirectioneveryfivetosixseconds.Allofhockeyisonebigphysicsproblem.Theaverageforceofahockeysticksendapuck43，000feet!ReadingComprehensionChoosethecorrectanswerforeachquestion.1.What’stheheightdoesanOlympicsnowboardertypicallysoaroverahalf-pipe?A.12feet.B.20feet.C.46feet.D.60feet.2.Howfardoesasoccermidfielderrunineachfull-lengthmatchapproximately?A.Sevenmiles.B.Seventeenmiles.C.Sixtymiles.D.Twenty-fourmiles.3.Howmanypeopleareleft-handedintheworld?A.About10percentofpeople.B.About20percentofpeople.C.About30percentofpeople.D.About40percentofpeople.4.Whenareathletesmorelikelytobreakrecords?A.Inthemorning.B.Throughouttheday.C.Intheafternoonandearlyevening.D.Lateatnight.5.Howoftendoplayerschangedirectioninasoccergame?A.Everytwotothreeseconds.B.Everythreetofourseconds.C.Everyfourtofiveseconds.D.Everyfivetosixseconds.Vocabulary基礎(chǔ)詞gravity n.重力；萬有引力詞根記憶：grav（重）+ity（表性質(zhì)）重力搭zerogravity零重力Olympic adj.奧運會的搭WinterOlympicGames冬奧會，冬季奧運會variety n.多樣化，多樣性；變化；（同一事物）不同種類英severaldifferentsortsofthesamething記詞根記憶：vari變化）+ety（表性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)）→多樣化frictionn.摩擦力，摩擦；不合，抵觸英theactionofoneobjectorsurfacemovingagainstanother記聯(lián)想記憶：潤滑油的功能（function）是減小摩擦力（（friction）approximatelyadv.接近；近似地；大約記詞根記憶：ap（表加強）+proxim（接近）+ate（表形容詞）+ly（表副詞）不斷接近→接近referee n.裁判；仲裁者；推薦人英theofficialwhocontrolsthegameinsomesports記詞根記憶：refer提到）+ee（表人）（雙方鄘都提到的人→裁判搭chiefreferee裁判長boxing n.拳擊運動記來自box（v.用拳頭打）contrary n.反面；對立面；相反的事實或情況adj.相反的；相違的英differentfromsth；againststh記詞根記憶：contra（相反）+ry（表性質(zhì)）→對立面搭onthecontrary相反belief n.信念；信仰；（政治或宗教的）觀念英thefeelingofbeingcertainthatsthexistsoristruebeyondbelief難以置信balance vt.使平衡；權(quán)衡n.天平；均衡；平衡搭keepbalance保持平衡Vocabulary進(jìn)階詞feat n.功績，壯舉記聯(lián)想記憶：f+eat（吃）取得了功績，好好吃一頓犒勞一下→功績invert v.使倒轉(zhuǎn)，使倒置，使顛倒記詞根記憶：in（使…）+vert（轉(zhuǎn)）→使倒轉(zhuǎn)例Ifyouinvertafullglassofwatersealedwithpaper，thewaterwillnotleak如果你用紙將裝滿水的杯子封口，然后倒置杯子，水不會漏出來。defy v.公然反抗，挑戰(zhàn)；違抗英torefusetoobeyaperson，decision，law，situation，etccircadian adj.生理節(jié)奏的，晝夜節(jié)律的搭circadianclock生物鐘rhythm n.節(jié)奏，韻律，節(jié)律；有規(guī)則的變化聯(lián)想記憶：音樂好聽的原因（reason）是有節(jié)奏（（rhythm）therhythmofthemusic音樂的節(jié)奏 hormonen.激素，荷爾蒙growthhormone生長激素track n.徑賽運動；跑道；小路；軌跡，軌道；足跡，痕跡v.跟蹤，追蹤記聯(lián)想記憶：原聲大碟OriginalSoundTrack搭trackathletes田徑運動員railroadtrack鐵軌ontherighttrack思路對頭，做法對路trackdown追蹤到，搜尋到keeptrackof記錄；與…保持聯(lián)系attackn/v.（尤指常發(fā)疾病的）突然發(fā)作；進(jìn)攻；抨擊英asudden，shortperiodofillness，usuallysevere，especiallyandiseasethatyouhaveoften聯(lián)想記憶：at（表加強）+tack（看作tank，坦克）→用坦克加強進(jìn)攻→進(jìn)攻anomaly n.反?，F(xiàn)象，異常事物英athing，situation，etc.thati