【新高考Ⅰ卷】2023年高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷（新課標(biāo)1）英語(yǔ)試卷真題（含答案）

絕密★啟用前

2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（新課標(biāo)I卷）

英語(yǔ)

本試卷共12頁(yè)?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。

2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆

跡清楚。

3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試

卷上答題無效。

4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。

5.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。

第一部分聽力（1-20小題）在筆試結(jié)束后進(jìn)行。

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題海小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

BikeRental&GuidedTours

WelcometoAmsterdam,welcometoMacBike.Youseemuchmorefromtheseatofabike!Cyclingisthemost

economical,sustainableandfunwaytoexplorethecity,withitsbeautifulcanals,parks,squaresandcountlesslights.

YoucanalsobikealonglovelylandscapesoutsideofAmsterdam.

WhyMacBike

MacBikehasbeenaroundforalmost30yearsandisthebiggestbicyclerentalcompanyinAmsterdam.With

over2,500bikesstoredinourfiverentalshopsatstrategiclocations,wemakesurethereisalwaysabikeavailablefor

you.Weofferthenewestbicyclesinawidevariety,includingbasicbikeswithfootbrake（殺U車）,bikeswithhand

brakeandgears（排擋）,bikeswithchildseats,andchildren'sbikes.

Prices

HandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrakeNoGears

1hour€7.50€5.00

3hours€11.00€7.50

1day（24hours）€14.75€9.75

Eachadditionalday€8.00€6.00

GuidedCityTours

The2.5-hourtourcoverstheGooyerWindmill,theSkinnyBridge,theRijksmuseum,HeinekenBreweryand

muchmore.ThetourdepartsfromDamSquareeveryhouronthehour,startingat1:00pmeveryday.Youcanbuy

yourticketinaMacBikeshoporbookonline.

1.WhatisanadvantageofMacBike?

A.Itgiveschildrenadiscount.B.Itofoffersmanytypesofbikes.

C.Itorganizesfreecycletours.D.Ithasover2500rentalshops.

2.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?

A.€15.75.B.€19.50.C.€22.75.D.€29.50.

3.Wheredoestheguidedcitytourstart?

A.TheGooyer,Windmill.B.TheSkinnyBridge.

C.HeinekenBrewery.D.DamSquare.

B

WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolved

problems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretiny

creatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeople

weremaking.

Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandasking

questions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria（細(xì)菌）？Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?

Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.He

decidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.

ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge（污泥）.First,heconstructed

aseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbrought

backsomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegot

usedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.

Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbeganto

eatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.

Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage

（污水）from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,a

cityinsoutheastChina.

''Ecologicaldesign“isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.U6LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsforthe

inventor,hesays."Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat'shappening.Thenyouletthesenew

systemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.^^

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Hewasfondoftraveling.B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.

C.Hehadaninquiringmind.D.Helongedtobeadoctor.

5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?

A.lbfeedtheanimals.B.Tobuildanecosystem.

C.Toprotecttheplants.D.Totesttheeco-machine.

6Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?

A.ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans.B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.

C.TocompareJohn'sdifferentjobs.D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention.

7.WhatisthebasisforJohn'swork?

A.Naturecanrepairitself.B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.

C.LifeonEarthisdiverse.D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.

C

Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasks

andwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightforyou.

Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigital

minimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople'sdigitallivesincreasingly

intolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.

Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy:thedigitaldeclutter.This

processrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesfbrthirtydays.Attheendofthethirtydays,youwill

thenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonlineactivitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitsto

thethingsyouvalue.

Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I'llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldeclutter.Indoingso,I'll

drawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperformadigitaldeclutter.You'llhear

theseparticipants5storiesandlearnwhatstrategiesworkedwellforthem,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyou

shouldavoid.

Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate（培養(yǎng)）asustainable

digitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchastheimportanceofsolitude（獨(dú)處）andthe

necessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethetimemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapter

concludeswithacollectionofpractices,whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcan

viewthesepracticesasatoolboxmeanttoaidyoureffortstobuildaminimalistlifestylethatwordsforyourparticular

circumstances.

8.Whatisthebookaimedat?

A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.

C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter”inparagraph3mean?

A.Clear-up.B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take-over.

10.Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?

A.Theoreticalmodels.B.Statisticalmethods.

C.Practicalexamples.D.Historicalanalyses.

11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowiththepracticesofferedinparttwo?

A.Usethemasneeded.B.Recommendthemtofriends.

C.Evaluatetheireffects.D.Identifytheideasbehindthem.

D

OnMarch7,1907,theEnglishstatisticianFrancisGaltonpublishedapaperwhichillustratedwhathascometo

beknownasthe“wisdomofcrowds“effect.Theexperimentofestimationheconductedshowedthatinsomecases,

theaverageofalargenumberofindependentestimatescouldbequiteaccurate.

Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren'talwaysthesame.Some

peoplewilltendtooverestimate,andsometounderestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,they

canceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,

thentheirerrorswon'tcanceleachotherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople's

estimatesbeindependent.Iffbrwhateverreasons,people'serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracyof

theestimatewillgodown.

ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist（轉(zhuǎn)折）onthisclassicphenomenon.Thekey

findingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohavea

discussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependent

individuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantly

moreaccuratethantheaverageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.

Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroup

membersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Did

theyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?Thishappenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn'tthedominant

response.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether.^^Somehow,these

argumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitations

andmanyquestionsremainthepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.

12.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Themethodsofestimation.B.Theunderlyinglogicoftheeffect.

C.Thecausesofpeople'serrors.D.ThedesignofGalton'sexperiment.

13.Navajas'studyfoundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseevenif

A.thecrowdswererelativelysmallB.therewereoccasionalunderestimates

C.individualsdidnotcommunicateD.estimateswerenotfullyindependent

14.Whatdidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?

A.Thesizeofthegroups.B.Thedominantmembers.

C.Thediscussionprocess.D.Theindividualestimates.

15.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardNavajas5studies?

A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.D.Approving.

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

PersonalForgiveness

Takingresponsibilityformistakesisapositivestep,butdon'tbeatyourselfupaboutthem.ToeiT（犯錯(cuò)）is

human.16Youcanusethefollowingwritingexercisetohelpyoudothis.

Inajournaloronapieceofpaper,puttheheading"Personalstrengths.^^17Areyoucaring?Creative?

Generous?Agoodlistener?Funtobearound?Theydon'thavetobeworld-changing,justaspectsofyourpersonality

thatyou'reproudof.

Atthetopofasecondpage,puttheheading“Actsofkindness.^^Onthisone,listallthepositivethingsyou've

doneforothers.Itmightbethetimewhenyouhelpedafriendwiththeirhomework,whenyoudidtheironingwithout

beingasked,orwhenyoubakedcookiesafterthefamilyhadhadatiringday.18

Youcouldaskafriendorfamilymembertohelpaddtoyourlist.19Thatway,youcouldexchange

thoughtsonwhatmakeseachofyouspecialandtheaspectsofyourpersonalitythatshinethrough.Infact,don'twait

untilyou'vemadeamistaketotrythis—ifsagreatwaytoboostself-confidenceatanytime.

It'ssomethingofacliche（陳詞濫調(diào)）thatmostpeoplelearnnotfromtheirsuccessesbuttheirmistakes.The

thingis,it'strue.20We'reallchangingandlearningallthetimeandmistakesareapositivewaytodevelop

andgrow.

A.Alittleself-fbrgivenessalsogoesalongway.

B.Nowlistallthecharacteristicsyoulikeaboutyourself.

C.Theymightevenliketohaveagoatdoingtheexercise.

D.It'sjustasimportanttoshowyourselfsomeforgiveness.

E.Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoignorewhat'shappenedorforgetit.

F.Whateveritis,nomatterhowsmallitmightseem,writeitdown.

G.Whateverthemistake,rememberitisn'tafixedaspectofyourpersonality.

第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave

21thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her22camebecauseshewascarryinga23across

thefinishline.

Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher24whena

runnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She25tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytook

herarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith26.Shecouldn't.Baileythen27toletLenoue

climbontoherbackandearnedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget

28attention.

Oncethere,Lenouewas29andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuries

inoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme30tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithout

Bailey'shelp.

AsforBailey,sheismore31aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig32.“Shewasjustcrying.

Icouldn'l33her,^^Baileytoldthereporter.feellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.,,

Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe34、they'vesincebecomefriends.Neither

wontherace,butthe35ofhumankindnesswontheday.

21.A.designedB.followedC.changedD.finished

22.A.delayB.chanceC.troubleD.excuse

23.A.judgeB.volunteerC.classmateD.competitor

24.A.raceB.schoolC.townD.training

25A.agreedB.returnedC.stoppedD.promised

26.A.courageB.aidC.patienceD.advice

27.A.wentawayB.stoodupC.steppedasideD.bentdown

28.A.medicalB.publicC.constantD.equal

29.A.interruptedB.assessedC.identifiedD.appreciated

30.A.hungerB.painC.coldD.tiredness

31.A.worriedB.ashamedC.confusedD.discouraged

32.A.gameB.problemC.lessonD.deal

33.A.leaveB.cureC.botherD.understand

34.A.rideB.testC.meetD.show

35A.secretB.displayC.benefitD.exchange

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,

36(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplings

anivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether37(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,

releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出)，38toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehot

soupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe39(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfood

historianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao'sbirthplace.Thereyou

willfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed40hand

ratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem41(lift)outofthe

steamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof42(they)contents.Themeatshouldbe

freshwith43touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.

NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris44(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalways

left45(want)morenexttime.

第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（滿分15分）

46.假定你是李華，外教Ryan準(zhǔn)備將學(xué)生隨機(jī)分為兩人一組，讓大家課后練習(xí)口語(yǔ)，你認(rèn)為這樣分組存

在問題。請(qǐng)你給外教寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括；

1.說明問題；

2.提出建議。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右：

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearRyan,

I'mLiHuafromClass3.

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

WhenIwasinmiddleschool,mysocialstudiesteacheraskedmetoenterawritingcontest.Isaidnowithout

thinking.Ididnotlovewriting.MyfamilycamefromBrazil,soEnglishwasonlymysecondlanguage.Writingwas

sodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherhadallowedmetopresentmypaperonthesinkingoftheTitanicby

actingoutaplay,whereIplayedalltheparts.Noonelaughedharderthanhedid.

So,whydidhesuddenlyforcemetodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail?Hisreply:"BecauseIloveyour

stories.Ifyou'rewillingtoapplyyourself,Ithinkyouhaveagoodshotatthis."Encouragedbyhiswords,Iagreedto

giveitatry.

IchosePaulReveredhorseasmysubject.PaulReverewasasilversmith作艮匠）inBostonwhorodeahorseat

nightonApril18,1775toLexingtontowarnpeoplethatBritishsoldierswerecoming.Mystorywouldcomestraight

fromthehorse'smouth.Notabrilliantidea,butfunny;andunlikelytobeanyoneelse'schoice.

Whatdidthehorsethink,ashespedthroughthenight?Didhegettired?Havedoubts?Didhewanttoquit?I

sympathizedimmediately.Igottired.Ihaddoubts.Iwantedtoquit.But,likeReveredhorse,Ikeptgoing.Iworked

hard.Icheckedmyspelling.Iaskedmyoldersistertocorrectmygrammar.IcheckedoutahalfdozenbooksonPaul

Reverefromthelibrary.Ievenreadafewofthem.

WhenIhandedintheessaytomyteacher,hereadit,laughedoutloud,andsaid,"Great.Now,writeitagain."I

wroteitagain,andagainandagain.WhenIfinallyfinishedit,thethoughtofwinninghadgivenwaytotheenjoyment

ofwriting.IfIdidn'twin,Iwouldn'tcare.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Afewweekslater,whenIalmostforgotthecontest,therecamethenews.

Iwenttomyteacher'sofficeaftertheawardpresentation.

2023年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（新高考全國(guó)I卷）

英語(yǔ)學(xué)科

本試卷共12頁(yè)?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生

信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。

2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工

整、筆跡清楚。

3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草

稿紙、試卷上答題無效。

4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。

5.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺,不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。

第一部分聽力（1-20小題）在筆試結(jié)束后進(jìn)行。

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

[1~3題答案】

【答案】1.B

【4~7題答案】

【答案】4.C

（8-11題答案】

【答案】8.B

【12~15題答案】

【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

【16~20題答案】

【答案】16.D17.B18.F19.C20.G

第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

【21?35題答案】

【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.B30.B31.

C32