ISO 8573-5 2001(en)壓縮空氣 第5部分：油蒸汽和有機(jī)溶劑含量測(cè)試方法

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BRITISHSTANDARD

Compressedair—

Part5:Testmethodsforoilvapourandorganicsolventcontent

ICS71.100.20;23.140

NOCOPYINGWITHOUTBSIPERMISSIONEXCEPTASPERMITTEDBYCOPYRIGHTLAW

BSISO

8573-5:2001

BSISO8573-5:2001

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Nationalforeword

ThisBritishStandardreproducesverbatimISO8573-5:2001andimplementsitastheUKnationalstandard.

TheUKparticipationinitspreparationwasentrustedtoTechnicalCommitteeMCE/8,Compressors,pneumatictools,pneumaticmachinesandvacuum

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—aidenquirerstounderstandthetext;

—presenttotheresponsibleinternational/Europeancommitteeany

enquiriesontheinterpretation,orproposalsforchange,andkeepthe

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Alistoforganizationsrepresentedonthiscommitteecanbeobtainedonrequesttoitssecretary.

Cross-references

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sectionentitled“InternationalStandardsCorrespondenceIndex”,orbyusingthe“Find”facilityoftheBSIStandardsElectronicCatalogue.

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directionoftheEngineeringSectorPolicyandStrategy

Committeetitlehere,was

publishedundertheauthorityoftheStandardsPolicyand

StrategyCommitteeon

1March2002

?BSI1March2002

ISBN058039039X

Summaryofpages

Thisdocumentcomprisesafrontcover,aninsidefrontcover,theISOtitlepage,pagesiitoiv,pages1to11andabackcover.

TheBSIcopyrightdatedisplayedinthisdocumentindicateswhenthedocumentwaslastissued.

Amendmentsissuedsincepublication

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INTERNATIONAL

STANDARD

ISO

8573-5

Firstedition2001-12-15

Compressedair—

Part5:

Testmethodsforoilvapourandorganicsolventcontent

Aircomprimé—

Partie5:Méthodesd'essaipourlateneurenvapeursd'huileetensolvantsorganiques

ReferencenumberISO8573-5:2001(E)

ii

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iii

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

Page

Contents

Foreword iv

1Scope

1

2Normativereferences

1

3Termsanddefinitions

2

4Oilvapourclasses

2

5Testmethods

2

6Sampling

2

7Measurement

3

8Evaluationoftestresults

4

9Uncertainty

4

10Testreport

5

AnnexA(normative)Testprocedures

7

AnnexB(informative)Dalton’slawofpartialpressure

10

Bibliography

11

iv

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

Foreword

ISO(theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization)isaworldwidefederationofnationalstandardsbodies(ISO

memberbodies).TheworkofpreparingInternationalStandardsisnormallycarriedoutthroughISOtechnical

committees.Eachmemberbodyinterestedinasubjectforwhichatechnicalcommitteehasbeenestablishedhas

therighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationalorganizations,governmentalandnon-governmental,in

liaisonwithISO,alsotakepartinthework.ISOcollaboratescloselywiththeInternationalElectrotechnical

Commission(IEC)onallmattersofelectrotechnicalstandardization.

InternationalStandardsaredraftedinaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheISO/IECDirectives,Part3.

ThemaintaskoftechnicalcommitteesistoprepareInternationalStandards.DraftInternationalStandardsadoptedbythetechnicalcommitteesarecirculatedtothememberbodiesforvoting.PublicationasanInternationalStandardrequiresapprovalbyatleast75%ofthememberbodiescastingavote.

AttentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthispartofISO8573maybethesubjectofpatentrights.ISOshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.

InternationalStandardISO8573-5waspreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC118,Compressors,pneumatictoolsandpneumaticmachines,SubcommitteeSC4,Qualityofcompressedair.

ISO8573consistsofthefollowingparts,underthegeneraltitleCompressedair:

—Part1:Contaminantsandpurityclasses

—Part2:Testmethodsforaerosoloilcontent

—Part3:Testmethodsformeasurementofhumidity

—Part4:Testmethodsforsolidparticlecontent

—Part5:Testmethodsforoilvapourandorganicsolventcontent

—Part6:Testmethodsforgaseouscontaminantcontent

—Part7:TestmethodsforviablemicrobiologicalcontaminantcontentThefollowingpartsareunderpreparation:

—Part8:Testmethodsforsolidparticlecontentbymassconcentration

—Part9:Testmethodsforliquidwatercontent

AnnexAformsanormativepartofthispartofISO8573.AnnexBisforinformationonly.

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INTERNATIONALSTANDARD

ISO8573-5:2001(E)

Compressedair—

Part5:

Testmethodsforoilvapourandorganicsolventcontent

1Scope

ThispartofISO8573specifiesthegaschromatographytestmethodfordeterminingthecontentofoilvapour(hydrocarbonsofsixormorecarbonatoms)incompressedair,regardlessofthesourceofthecompressedair,aswellasofanyorganicsolventsinthevapour,difficulttoseparatefromtheotherhydrocarbons.Italsogivesguidelinesontheuseofchemicalindicatortubesasaninitialindicationofthepresenceofoilvapour.

ThispartofISO8573elaboratessampling,measurement,evaluation,uncertaintyconsiderationsandreportinginrespectofthecompressedairpurityclassparameter,oilvapour,inaccordancewithISO8573-1.

NOTELighterhydrocarbonscomposedoffiveorlesscarbonatomsaredealtwithasgaseouscontaminantsin8573-6.

2Normativereferences

Thefollowingnormativedocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsofthispartofISO8573.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentsto,orrevisionsof,anyofthesepublicationsdonotapply.However,partiestoagreementsbasedonthispartofISO8573areencouragedtoinvestigatethepossibilityofapplyingthemostrecenteditionsofthenormativedocumentsindicatedbelow.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthenormativedocumentreferredtoapplies.MembersofISOandIECmaintainregistersofcurrentlyvalidInternationalStandards.

ISO2591-1,Testsieving—Part1:Methodsusingtestsievesofwovenwireclothandperforatedmetalplate

ISO3857-1,Compressors,pneumatictoolsandmachines—Vocabulary—Part1:General

ISO5598,Fluidpowersystemsandcomponents—Vocabulary

ISO8573-1:2001,Compressedair—Part1:Contaminantsandpurityclasses

ISO8573-2:1996,Compressedairforgeneraluse—Part2:Testmethodsforaerosoloilcontent

ISO8573-3,Compressedair—Part3:Testmethodsformeasurementofhumidity

ISO9486,Workplaceair—Determinationofvaporouschlorinatedhydrocarbons—Charcoaltube/solventdesorption/gaschromatographicmethod

ISO9487,Workplaceair—Determinationofvaporousaromatichydrocarbons—Charcoaltube/solvent

desorption/gaschromatographicmethod

2

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

3Termsanddefinitions

ForthepurposesofthispartofISO8573,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninISO3857-1,ISO5598andISO8573-1,andthefollowingapply.

3.1

mesh

indicationofparticlesizeresultingfromthegradingofsolidsbytheuseofsieveswithdefinedholesizes

3.2

oil

mixtureofhydrocarbonscomposedofsixormorecarbonatoms(C6)

3.3

organicsolvent

mixtureofoneoracombinationofthefollowingidentifiedgroups:alcohols,halogenichydrocarbons,esters,esters/etheralcohols,ketones,aromatic/alfatichydrocarbons

NOTEThesecompoundsarecharacterizedbyaconsiderablevapourpressureundergivenconditions,whenairsamplesareanalysed.

4Oilvapourclasses

OilvapourisincludedinthetotaloilconcentrationfigureusedforclassificationinTable4ofISO8573-1:2001.

5Testmethods

Selectionoftheavailabletestmethodsdependsontherangeofoilvapourcontentinthecompressedair.

—Gaschromatography(seeclauseA.1)isapplicableforoilvapourcontentintherange0,001mg/m3to10mg/m3.

—Chemicalindicatortubes(seeclauseA.2)aretobeusedasapreliminarymethodonly,forcheckingpurposesandasaninitialinvestigation,afterwhichthegaschromatographymethodshallbeemployed.

6Sampling

6.1General

Thequantificationoftheoilvapourcontentinacompressedairsystemshallbecarriedoutwithinthefollowingconstraints.

Thesampleshallbefreefrominterferingcontaminants,forexample,watervapour,oilaerosol.

Thesamplingandanalysisoftheoilvapourshallbeperformedusingaconstantflowrate.

Airflowisnormallydivertedthroughthetestequipmentviasuitablein-linevalves.Theseshallhavebeencheckedtoensuretheydonotcontributetothelevelofcontaminationalreadypresent.Particularattentionshallbegiventothecleanlinessofthetestequipment,andotherprecautionsshallbetaken,forexample,valvepurgingandstabilizationtoconstanttestconditions.Goodanalyticaltechniqueshelpimprovetheconfidencelevelofthemeasurements.

Flowmeasurementisrequiredtodeterminethevolumeofairusedduringthetest,regardlessofthemethod.

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

Thetemperatureandvelocityrangeshallbewithintherangesspecifiedbythemanufacturerofthetestequipment.

SeeclauseA.1forthesamplingprocedure.

6.2Extraction

Theprobeshallbeinstalledinasmallextractiontube,whichconductsanairsamplefromthemainpipeintothemeasurementchamber,wherethemeasurementshallbemadeundersystempressure.

6.3Samplingandmeasurementconditions

6.3.1Repeatability

Dependingontherepeatabilityofthemethodandtheexperienceofthepartiesinvolvedintheprovisionofmeasurementfacilities,anumberofsequentialmeasurementsmayneedtobecarriedout.

6.3.2Samplingsystem

Materialsusedforconductingtheairinthesamplingsystemshallnotaffecttheoilvapourcontentofthesample.

Thesamplingsystempressureshallberecordedduringmeasurement.

Thesamplingsystemtemperatureshallbehigherthantheprevailingdew-pointandshallberecordedduringmeasurement(seeISO8573-3).

6.3.3Measurementsystem

Thecompressedairsystemandsamplingsystemshallhavereachedasteadystatebeforeanymeasurementiscarriedoutandshallbekeptsteadyduringmeasurement.Thereadingsfromtwoconsecutivemeasurements,havingbetweenthemanintervalofatleast20minutes,maynotdifferbymorethanisimpliedbytheaccuracyofthemeasuringsystem.

6.3.4Testequipment

ThegeneralarrangementofthetestequipmentforextractingasampleshallbeasshowninFigureA.1.Itisimportantthatthetestequipmentnotaffectthecollectedsample.

Precautionsshallbetakentoensurethereisnotemperaturedropbetweenthecompressedairsystemandthecollectionpoint.PracticalproceduresasidentifiedinISO8573-2shouldalsobeconsidered.

7Measurement

Considerationshallbegiventothecalibrationrequirementsofthemeasurementequipmentused,asdescribedinapplicableinstructions,andtothedegreeofvapourconcentrationbeingmeasured.

Therequirementsonequipmenthandling,measurementandevaluationshallbeaccordingtoMethodB2ofISO8573-2:1996.

SeeclauseA.1forspecificationofthegaschromatographytestprocedure.

Prepareformeasurementbycleaninganddegreasingthemeasuringandstainlesssteeltubeswithasolventthat

doesnotaddtotheoverallhydrocarboncontentofthesample.Beforemeasuring,flushthesamplepointandthestainlesssteeltubeuptothemembranefilterwithcompressedairfromthesystem,forexample,for5min.

ReferenceshouldbemadetoISO9486andISO9487withregardtomethodology.

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

Checkthestandardreferenceconditionsfortheflowmeter.

8Evaluationoftestresults

8.1Referenceconditions

Unlessotherwiseagreed,thereferenceconditionsforoilvapourconcentrationstatementsshallbethefollowing.

—Compressedairtemperature:20∞C.

—Compressedair:1bar1)absolute.

—Relativewatervapourpressure:0.

8.2Influenceofhumidity

Thehumidityshallbelessthan75%andwithinthelimitsofthemeasurementequipmentasdeclaredbytheequipmentmanufacturer.Theappropriatecalibrationprocedureforthemeasurement,asgiveninthemanufacturer’sliterature,shouldbefollowed.

8.3Influenceofpressureandtemperature

Oilvapourconcentrationshallberecalculatedtoreferencepressureconditionsusingthefollowingformula:

prefttest

cref=ctest??

ptesttref

where

crefconcentrationatreferenceconditions;

ctestconcentrationattestconditions;

prefreferencepressure(absolute);

ptesttestpressure(absolute);

trefreferencetemperature(absolute);

ttesttesttemperature(absolute).

Thevolumeflowrateoftheairisinfluencedbytemperature.SeeannexB.

9Uncertainty

NOTEAcalculationoftheprobableerroraccordingtothisclauseisnotalwaysnecessary.

Duetotheverynatureofphysicalmeasurements,itisimpossibletomeasureaphysicalquantitywithouterroror,infact,todeterminethetrueerrorofanyoneparticularmeasurement.However,iftheconditionsofthemeasurementaresufficientlywell-known,itispossibletoestimateorcalculateacharacteristicdeviationofthemeasuredvalue

1)1bar=0,1MPa=105Pa;1MPa=1N/mm2

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

fromthetruevalue,suchthatitcanbeassertedwithacertaindegreeofconfidencethatthetrueerrorislessthanthesaiddeviation.

Thevalueofsuchadeviation(normally95%confidencelimit)constitutesacriterionoftheaccuracyoftheparticularmeasurement.

Itisassumedthatallsystematicerrorsthatmayoccurinthemeasurementoftheindividualquantities,andofthecharacteristicsoftheair,maybecompensatedforbycorrections.Afurtherassumptionisthattheconfidencelimitsinerrorsinreadingandintegrationerrorsmaybenegligibleifthenumberofreadingsissufficient.

The(small)systematicerrorsthatmayoccurarecoveredbytheinaccuracyofmeasurements.

Qualityclassificationsandlimitsoferrorareofteninvokedforascertainingtheuncertaintyofindividualmeasurementbecause,apartfromtheexceptions(e.g.electricaltransducers),theyconstituteonlyafractionofthequalityclassorthelimitoferror.

Theinformationaboutascertainingtheuncertaintyofthemeasurementoftheindividualquantitiesmeasuredandontheconfidencelimitsofthegaspropertiesareapproximations.Theseapproximationscanonlybeimprovedatadisproportionateexpense.SeeISO2602andISO2854.

10Testreport

10.1Statements

Statementsoftheoilvapourororganicsolventcontentinthecompressedair,orboth,shallonlybeusedinconjunctionwithstatementsonoilaerosolcontentwhenmadeforclassificationpurposesaccordingtoISO8573-1,andshallbemadeinsuchamannerthatthevaluescanbeverifiedaccordingtotheproceduresofthemeasurementmethodsspecifiedinthispartofISO8573.

StatementsaccordingtothispartofISO8573shallnotbeusedtocharacterizeoilcontentinairwithoutmentionthatthetotalamountofoilisnotconsidered.

10.2Information

ThetestreportusedtodeclareoilvapourconcentrationaccordingtothispartofISO8573shallcontainthefollowinginformation:

a)adescriptionofthecompressedairsystemanditsworkingconditions,withsufficientdetailtodeterminetheapplicabilityofthedeclaredconcentrationvalue,including

—pressure,

—temperature,and

—othercontaminants;

b)adescriptionofthesamplingpointatwhichthesamplesweretaken;

c)adescriptionofthesamplingandmeasurementsystemused,inparticularthematerialsused,anddetailsofitscalibrationrecord;

d)thephrase“Declaredcontentofoilvapourinmg/m3inaccordancewithISO8573-5”,followedby

—thefigurefortheactual,averagemeasuredvalueevaluatedaccordingtoclause8,calculatedinrespectofthereferenceconditions,

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

—thefigurefortheactual,averagemeasuredvalueevaluatedaccordingtoclause8,calculatedinrespectoftheactualconditions,

—thepressuretowhichthemeasurementrefers,

—astatement,followingthefigure,inrespectoftheapplicableuncertainty,and

—thedateofthecalibrationrecord;

e)thedateofthesamplingandmeasurements.

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

AnnexA

(normative)

Testprocedures

A.1Gaschromatography

A.1.1Samplingprocedure

Carryouttheprocedureasfollows,andasshowninFigureA.1.

a)ConnecttheextractiontubeinFigureA.1totheshut-offvalve(6)atthemeasuringpoint.b)Connectshut-offvalves7and8withthesilencer(3).

c)Closeallvalves.

d)Openshut-offvalves6,7and8slowly.

Key

1Membraneholdera7Shut-offvalve

2Stainlesssteeltube(seeFigureA.2)forcollection8Shut-offvalve

ofoilvapourandorganicsolvents9Flow-controlvalve

3Silencer10Flow-controlvalveb

4Pressuregauge11Flowmeter

5Temperaturegauge12Mainpipe

6Shut-offvalve

aThemembraneistoprotectthestainlesssteeltubefromcontaminationbyaerosols.

bThisflow-controlvalve(10)istobeusedonlyiftheflowmetercanoperateunderpressure.

FigureA.1—Gaschromatography—Samplingprocedure

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

e)Flush(cleaningprocess)thesystemfor5min.

f)Closeallvalves.

g)ConnecttherestofthemeasuringsystemaccordingtoFigureA1.

h)Closeallvalves.

i)Openshut-offvalves6,7and8fullytopressurizethetestequipment.

j)Adjusttheflow,usingtheflow-controlvalves(9,10)ontheflowmeter(11).

k)Afterthesamplingtime,closetheshut-offvalve(6)attheinletoftheextractiontube.Thesamplingtimeshall

belongenoughsothat0,001mgto1mgmassisadsorbedpertubeinthemainzone.Theminimumcontattimeshallbe0,1s,wherethecontacttimeisthevolumeofthecharcoalofthemainzonedividedbytheactualflowrateofthecompressedair.

l)Disconnectthemembraneholder(1)andthestainlesssteeltube(2),andplugopentheends.ThestainlesssteeltubeshallbeasshowninFigureA.2.

Key

1Stainlesssteeltube

2Quartzwoolseparator

3Perforatedstainlesssteeldisc

41/4-inchconnection

dLengthofmainzone,with3gcharcoal:100mm

eLengthofback-upzone,with1gcharcoal:40mm

fInternaldiameterofsteeltube:10mm

aFlowdirection.

FigureA.2—Stainlesssteeltube

A.1.2Samplepreparation

Thestainlesssteelmeasuringtubeshallcontain3gcoconutcharcoal(<75%relativehumidity)inthemainzoneand1gcoconutcharcoalintheback-upzone(seeFigureA.2).Themaximumcontentoftheadsorbedoilvapourororganicsolventintheback-upzoneshallbeintheregionof10%to25%bymass.Thesorbentis20/40meshcoconutcharcoalinaccordancewithISO2591-1.

Althoughthemostwidelyavailableadsorbentforthisapplicationiscoconutcharcoal,whereanalternativeadsorbentexiststhatprovidesthesameperformance,itmaybesubstituted.

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

A.1.3Determination

Analysethemainzoneandtheback-upzoneseparately,togetherwitha“blind-test”,usingthefollowingprocedure.

a)Extractthemainzoneandtheback-upzoneusingcarbondisulphide.Usebenzene-d6,toluene-d8,

ethylbenzene-d10andoctane-d18asinternalstandards.

b)Extractthesorbentsampletubefor30minonashaker.

c)Analysetheextractusingagaschromatographwithmass-spectroscopicdetectioninfullscanmode,analysingbothblindtestsandstandardsinthesameway.

d)Identifydominantsinglecomponentsasfaraspossible.Characterize,sumandcalculateothersingle

components(e.g.aliphaticandaromaticcompounds)semi-quantitativelyastoluene.

Thedetectionlimitsshallbe0,1μgto0,5μgpertube.

A.1.4Calculation

TheprinciplesgiveninISO8573-2regardinganalyticalmethodsandrelatedcalculationsshouldbeapplied.

A.2Chemicalindicatortubes

ForthepurposesofthispartofISO8573,detectortubesmaybeemployedtoprovideaninitialindicationofthepresenceofoilvapour.Onceidentified,thegaschromatographymethodaccordingtoclauseA.1shallbeusedtoidentifythequantitativeaspectoftheoilvapourpresentinthecompressedair.

Fordetailedinformationregardingtheapplicationofdetectortubesrefertothemanufacturer'sliterature.

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

AnnexB

(informative)

Dalton’slawofpartialpressure

coil=

Mr,oil?poil

Mr,air?pabs

where

coilistheoilconcentrationratio;

Mr,oilisthemolecularweightofoil;

Mr,airisthemolecularweightofair;

poilisthevapourpressureofoil,inbar;

pabsistheabsolutepressure,inbar.

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ISO8573-5:2001(E)

Bibliography

[1]ISO2602,Statisticalinterpretationoftestresults—Estimationofthemean—Confidenceinterval

[2]ISO2854,Statisticalinterpretationofdata—Techniquesofestimationandtestrelatingtomeansandvariances

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8573-5:2001

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