高中英語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法詳解及練習(xí)(含答案詳解)

PAGEPAGE4非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（一）——?jiǎng)釉~不定式動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去分詞)和動(dòng)名詞統(tǒng)稱為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?，F(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)將現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞合為一大類叫作v+ing形式。這些動(dòng)詞的形式不能在句中單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)用，因而沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法主語(yǔ)。但可以有邏輯主語(yǔ)。由于沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法主語(yǔ)，也就不受人稱和數(shù)的限定，因?yàn)椴皇侵^語(yǔ)，也就沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，但這些詞仍能表示動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)，所以仍有表示與其他動(dòng)詞相對(duì)時(shí)間關(guān)系的形式。由于與其它詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，因此也有表示主、被動(dòng)的形式，同時(shí)也有自己的賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，一起構(gòu)成非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的短語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，分詞短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ))。動(dòng)詞不定式、過(guò)去分詞及v-ing形式在句中均不能作謂語(yǔ)用，所以叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。（一）動(dòng)詞不定式：動(dòng)詞不定式由“to+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成，如：tostudy,toplay，動(dòng)詞不定式雖然不能作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用，但仍留著動(dòng)詞的特征，它可以帶有所需要的賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)而構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，如：tostudyhard,toplaytabletennis。1、動(dòng)詞不定式的形式變化：動(dòng)詞不定式有下列時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式變化。不定式一般式完成式進(jìn)行式完成進(jìn)行式主動(dòng)tobuildtohavebuilttobebuildingtohavebeenbuilding被動(dòng)tobebuildtohavebeenbuild2、動(dòng)詞不定式的基本用法：動(dòng)詞不定式能起名詞、形容詞和副詞的作用，可在句中作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)用，如：（1）作主語(yǔ)：Tohelpeachotherisgood.（動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將作主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式置于句末，如：Itisgoodtohelpeachother.（2）作表語(yǔ)：Myjobistodrivethemtothepowerstationeveryday.動(dòng)詞不定式在系動(dòng)詞be之后作表語(yǔ)，與表示將來(lái)時(shí)的be+動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)有所區(qū)別，如：Ourplanistosetupanothermiddleschoolforthepeasants’children.我們的計(jì)劃是給農(nóng)民子弟再成立一所中學(xué)。（句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為is，動(dòng)詞不定式tosetup…為表語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)為plan，但plan并不是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，即動(dòng)詞不定式tosetup所表示的動(dòng)作不是主語(yǔ)plan產(chǎn)生的。）Wearetosetupanothermiddleschoolforthepeasants’children.我們將為農(nóng)民的子弟再成立一所中學(xué)。（句中的aretosetup整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)為句中謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)為we，同時(shí)也是動(dòng)詞不定式tosetup所表示的動(dòng)作的邏輯主語(yǔ)，即動(dòng)詞不定式tosetup所表示的動(dòng)作是由we產(chǎn)生的）。（3）作賓語(yǔ)：①作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，如：Shewishestobeamusician.；②作某些形容詞的賓語(yǔ)：可以有動(dòng)詞不定式為賓語(yǔ)的形容詞一般有g(shù)lad,sorry,afraid,pleased,determined,willing,eager,anxious,ready,sure等，如：Iamdeterminedtogiveupsmoking.；③動(dòng)詞不定式一般不作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，但動(dòng)詞不定式之前如有疑問(wèn)詞時(shí)，就可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)，如：Canyougiveussomeadviceonwhattodonext?（4）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如：Tellthechildrennottoplayonthestreet.如果句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為see,hear,watch,notice,have,make,let等，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞不定式須將to省去，如：Isawalittlegirlrunacrossthestreet.（5）動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作賓語(yǔ)，如帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，須先用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將該動(dòng)詞不定式后置，如：Idon’tthinkitrighttodoitthatway.（6）作定語(yǔ)：動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，須位于被其修飾的名詞或代詞之后，如：Isthisthebestwaytohelphim?和定語(yǔ)用的動(dòng)詞不定式如果是不及物動(dòng)詞，不定式后面就要用必要的介詞，如：Heisthemantodependon.如果被不定式修飾的名詞為place,time,way，不定式后面的介詞，習(xí)慣上可以省去，如：Theoldmanislookingforaquietplacetolive.（7）作狀語(yǔ)：動(dòng)詞不定式可以作下列的狀語(yǔ)：①目的狀語(yǔ)：EverymorninghegetsupveryearlytoreadEnglish.為了強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式表示目的的作用，可在不定式前加inorderto或soasto（以便或?yàn)榱耍?，但?yīng)注意inorderto位于句首或句中均可，而soasto不能位于句首，如：ShereadsChinaDailyeverydayinorderto(soasto)improveherEnglish.將表示目的的不定式置于句首，也可強(qiáng)調(diào)目的的作用，如：Tomasteraforeignlanguage,onemustworkhardatit.②結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)：Theylivedtoseetheliberationoftheirhometown.他們活到親眼見(jiàn)到了他們家鄉(xiāng)的解放。③too+形容詞或副詞+動(dòng)詞不定式，表示“足能?”的結(jié)果，如：Youareoldenoughtotakecareofyourselfnow.3、復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)不定式：由for+名詞（或代詞賓格）+動(dòng)詞不定式即構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞不定式。其中for本身無(wú)意義。for后面的名詞或代詞是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種不定式在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，如：Itisveryimportantforustogeteverythingreadyfortheharvest.當(dāng)作表語(yǔ)用的形容詞表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或特征時(shí)，就用介詞of而不用for引出不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這些形容詞一般有g(shù)ood,nice,kind,wise,silly,stupid,foolish,right,wrong,careless,impolite等，如：Itisverykindofyoutohelphimeveryday.4、疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式：疑問(wèn)代詞和疑問(wèn)副詞后可加動(dòng)詞不定式構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，如：Howtopreventthemfromswimminginthisriverisaproblem.5、動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式：動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式是由not+動(dòng)詞不定式構(gòu)成，如：It’swrongofyounottoattendthemeeting.6、動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)形式所表示的時(shí)間關(guān)系：（1）一般式：動(dòng)詞不定式一般式所表示的動(dòng)作是和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，但在多數(shù)情況下，是在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生，如：Wedecidedtoplantmoretreesthisspring.（其后），Theyoftenwatchusplaytabletennis.（同時(shí)）；（2）完成式：動(dòng)詞不定式完成式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，如：Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.（3）進(jìn)行式：動(dòng)詞不定式進(jìn)行式所表示的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中，而且與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，如：ShehappenedtobewritingaletterintheroomwhenIcamein.7、動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法：如果動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)為這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，不定式一般就用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式，如：Whatistobedonenexthasn’tbeendecidedyet.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（二）——?jiǎng)釉~-ing形式（二）-ing形式：動(dòng)詞的-ing形式也是一種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。-ing形式仍保留有動(dòng)詞的特征，可以帶有其所需要的賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)而構(gòu)成-ing短語(yǔ)。1、-ing的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式。及物動(dòng)詞的-ing還有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而不及物動(dòng)詞的-ing則沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在以及物動(dòng)詞make和不及物動(dòng)詞go為例，將其-ing各種形式列表如下：動(dòng)詞-ing及物動(dòng)詞make不及物動(dòng)詞go主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式makingbeingmadegoing完成式havingmadehavingbeenmadehavinggone2、-ing形式的基本用法。（1）作主語(yǔ)：Seeingisbelieving.百聞不如一見(jiàn)。Talkingiseasierthandoing.–ing作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果其結(jié)構(gòu)較長(zhǎng)，可用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將作主語(yǔ)的-ing后置。如：Itisn’tmuchgoodwritingtothemagain.It’snousewaitinghere.（2）作表語(yǔ)：Herjobiswashingandcooking.Myhobbyiscollectingstamps.（3）作賓語(yǔ)：①作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。Shelikesdrawingverymuch.；②作某些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。MaryisthinkingofgoingbacktoNewYork.；③do+限定詞（my,some,any,the等）+-ing，表示“做?事”之意，如：WeoftendoourcleaningonSaturdayafternoon.WillyoudoanyshoppingonSaturdaythisafternoon?④作介詞的賓語(yǔ)：Hersisterisgoodatlearningphysics.；⑤作形容詞worth,busy等的賓語(yǔ)：Thisbookiswellworthreading.–ing作賓語(yǔ)帶有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用it作為形式賓語(yǔ)，而將作賓語(yǔ)的-ing后置，如：Wefounditnogoodtalkinglikethat.Doyouthinkitnecessarytryingagain?（4）作定語(yǔ)：Thesleepingchildisonlyfiveyearsold.Doyouknowthemanstandingatthegate?注：-ing形式作定語(yǔ)用時(shí)，如果-ing只是一個(gè)單詞，就位于其修飾的名詞之前，如果是-ing短語(yǔ)，就位于其修飾的名詞之后，-ing作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，被-ing所修飾的名詞就是該-ing的邏輯主語(yǔ)。另外，-ing作定語(yǔ)用時(shí)，其動(dòng)作和句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)進(jìn)行的，如果不是同時(shí)進(jìn)行的，就不能用-ing作定語(yǔ)，要使用定語(yǔ)從句，如：ThegirlwhowrotealetterthereyesterdaycanspeakEnglishverywell.（5）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：Wecanseesteamrisingfromthewetclothes.注：當(dāng)-ing在復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用時(shí)，句中賓語(yǔ)就是這個(gè)-ing的邏輯主語(yǔ)，可以帶有這種復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有see,watch,hear,observe,feel,find,have,thechangingworld正在變化的世界thechangedworld已經(jīng)變化了的世界8．獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：有時(shí)v.-ing和過(guò)去分詞在句中也有自己的獨(dú)立的主語(yǔ)，這種獨(dú)立的主語(yǔ)一般為名詞或代詞，和v.-ing還有過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)在句中一般只作狀語(yǔ)。獨(dú)立主格中是使用v.-ing還是過(guò)去分詞，則要根據(jù)它們的主語(yǔ)和其所表示的動(dòng)作的主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)關(guān)系來(lái)定，如：Thebellringing,weallstoppedtalking.注意：①獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)中的being或havingbeen常可省去，如：Themeeting_(being)_over,alllefttheroom.②作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)?？捎脀ith短語(yǔ)來(lái)代替，如：Shereadtheletter,tearsrollingdownhercheeks.＝Shereadtheletterwithtearsrollingdownhercheeks.非謂語(yǔ)的解題步驟或思路先判斷空格部分所需的是主句，從句還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。獨(dú)立的句子，從句或非謂語(yǔ)獨(dú)立的句子加句號(hào)，分號(hào)或破折號(hào)的話，后再加一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子。獨(dú)立的句子，（逗號(hào)）有and,but,so等詞加獨(dú)立的句子。（2）再根據(jù)主句的主語(yǔ)，來(lái)判斷主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)；（3）接下來(lái)再判斷時(shí)態(tài)，（4）如果是否定的話，not一定要放在非謂語(yǔ)的前面（5）一定不要忘記主語(yǔ)一致的原則，如果不一致的話，要把非謂語(yǔ)的獨(dú)立主語(yǔ)加上。非謂語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的位置，或在句子中所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)某煞址侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，+主句或者是主句，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)這時(shí)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)起到狀語(yǔ)的作用例如：influencedbythegrowinginterestinnature,morepeopleenjoyoutdaooractivities.在這種情況下，首先,找出主句的主語(yǔ)，然后以主句的主語(yǔ)為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，來(lái)判斷非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)，如果已有的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)不一致，還要考慮獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是把非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的自己的主語(yǔ)加上去：例如：Allflightshavingbeencancelled,theydecidedtotakethetrain.其次,把非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和主句的動(dòng)詞比較，看是否同時(shí)發(fā)生還是有明顯的先后。跟在介詞，動(dòng)詞或某些形容詞的后面固定搭配只接動(dòng)詞-ing形式而不接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：admit承認(rèn)appreciate感激avoid避免putoff推遲keep保持consider考慮delay/postpone耽擱dislike嫌惡resist抵制mention提及enjoy喜歡escape避免excuse原諒practice練習(xí)mind介意fancy想不到feellike意欲finish完成risk冒險(xiǎn)include包括forgive原諒giveup放棄suggest建議miss逃過(guò)imagine想象can’thelp情不自禁involve需要can’tstand無(wú)法忍受understand理解常見(jiàn)的帶介詞to的短語(yǔ)：beusedto習(xí)慣berelatedto與……有關(guān)getdownto著手做contributeto貢獻(xiàn)putone’smindto全神貫注于giveriseto引起beequalto勝任devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于leadto導(dǎo)致beopposedto反對(duì)lookforwardto盼望objectto反對(duì)stickto堅(jiān)持payattentionto注意（3）介詞后一定要加動(dòng)詞的-ing形式；（4）跟在名詞后面做定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般不用havingdone/havingbeendone結(jié)構(gòu)（5）放在句首做主語(yǔ)，一般用動(dòng)詞的ing和todo…特殊的非謂語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)Generallyspeaking一般來(lái)說(shuō)Considering….考慮到，鑒于Time/weatherpermitting時(shí)間、天氣允許的話Taking…intoaccount考慮到Taking…intoconsideration考慮到Provided…假如Providing…假如Suppose…假如Supposing…假如Judgingfrom/by…根據(jù)…判斷Givensth假如，如果；鑒于，考慮到Giventhat…假如，如果；鑒于，考慮到includingsth(sthincluded)包括某事非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)1.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting2.Whenyou’relearningtodrive,_______agoodteachermakesabigdifference.A.haveB.havingC.andhaveD.andhaving3.Ifeltitagreathonor______tospeaktoyou.A.toaskB.askingC.tobeaskedD.havingasked4.Iwouldlove_______tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.tohavegoneC.goingD.havinggone5.Beforeyoudecidetoleaveyourjob,_______theeffectitwillhaveonyourfamily.A.considerB.consideringC.toconsiderD.considered6.Robertissaid_______abroad,butIdon’tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudying7.ItissaidthatinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_______.A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit8.Anyone_______bags,boxes,orwhatever,wasstoppedbythepolice.A.seencarryB.seencarryingC.sawtocarryD.sawcarrying9.MrReedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_______someschoolsforpoorchildren.A.setupB.settingupC.havesetupD.havingsetup10.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto_______.A.thethiefhavingcaughtB.catchthethiefC.thethiefbeingcaughtD.thethieftobecaught11.Shelooksforwardeveryspringto_______theflower-linedgarden.A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin12.Totesteggs,_______theminabowlofwater:iftheyfloatthey’rebad,iftheysinkthey’regood.A.putB.puttingC.toputD.tobeputting13.“WhereisDavid?”“Heisupstairs______readytogoout.”A.togetB.gettingC.tobegettingD.havinggot14.“Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?”“________enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.”A.GetB.GettingC.TogetD.tobegetting15.Hewasreadinghisbook,completely_______totheworld.A.lostB.losingC.toloseD.tohavelost16.Welookedeverywhereforthekeys,buttheyarenowhere_______.A.tofindB.tohavefoundC.tobefoundD.beingfound17.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim_______.A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotdo18.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_______inthekitchen.A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked19.Findinghercarstolen,_______.A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchingthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp20.“Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?”“Thekey______theproblemistomeetthedemand______bythecustomers.”A.tosolving,makingB.tosolving,madeC.tosolve,makingD.tosolve,made21.“WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?”“_______hernewbike.”A.AsshelostB.LostC.LosingD.Becauseoflosing22.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_______nothingcanbedonetochangeit.A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun23.Though________money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin24.Tonywasveryunhappyfor_______totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvited25.ThoughIhaveoftenheardthissong_______.Ihaveneverheardyou_______it.A.beingsung,sangB.sang,singingC.sung,singD.tobesung,tosing非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞提高練習(xí)1.Thegreathallwascrowdedwithmanypeople,__manychildren__ontheirparents’lapA.including;seatedB.including;seatingC.included;satD.included;sitting2.It’ssaidthattheOlympicGames_____inBeijingin2008willcovermoreeventsthananyotherOlympicsdid.A.holdingB.tobeheldC.heldD.tobeholding3._____foralongtime,mostofthecropsinthisareadiedfromlackingwater.A.BeingnorainB.TherewasnorainC.TobenorainD.Therebeingnorain4.Yesterdayastreet-beggarboughtalotteryticketpurposelessly,_____himamillionaireovernight.A.makingB.makesC.tomakeD.made5.InthefaceofthebigfireinOctoberinCalifornia,manypeopleinthefire-strickenareasmovedout_____.A.toescapeburningB.toescapebeingburnedC.escapingburnedD.escapingfromburning6.Takingthismedicine,if_____,willofcoursedogoodtohishealth.A.continuedB.tocontinueC.continuesD.continuing7.Thelittleboystillneedsthe_____20dollarstodowithsomethings_____.A.remaining;remainedtobesettledB.remaining;remainingtobesettledC.remained;remainedtosettleD.remained;remainingtosettle8._____hisage,thelittleboyreadquitewell.A.ConsideringB.ConsideredC.ConsiderD.Havingconsidered9._____fromtheappearance,itisverypeaceful;butinfact,awarwillbreakoutsoon.A.JudgedB.JudgingC.HavingjudgedD.Tojudge10.—Tomenjoys_____basketballonSundayafternoons,doesn’the?—Yes,hedoes.Butwhathissisterenjoys_____.A.toplay;dancingB.playing;todanceC.toplay;todanceD.playing;istodance11.Hisletter,_____tothewrongnumber,reachedmelate.A.havingbeenaddressedB.tohaveaddressedC.tohavebeenaddressedD.beingaddressed12.TheSpaceShuttleColumbiabrokeintopiecesoverTexasasitreturnedtotheearthonFebruary1,2003,_____allsevenastronautsaboard.A.havingkilledB.killingC.beingkilledD.killed13.Therearelotsofplacesofinterest_____inourcity.A.needsrepairingB.needingrepairedC.neededrepairingD.needingtoberepaired14.—Whatcausedthepartytobeputoff?—_____theinvitations.A.TomdelayedsendingB.Tom’sdelayingsendingC.TomdelayingtosendD.Tomdelayedtosend15.Iwasafraid_____tomycustomersbecauseIwasafraid_____them.A.oftalkingback;toloseB.oftalkingback;oflosingC.totalkback;toloseD.totalkback;oflosing16.Standingonthetopofthehill,Iwouldnotdoanythingbut_____theflowingofthesmogaroundme.A.enjoyB.enjoyingC.enjoyedD.toenjoy17.—IsTomagoodtalker?—No,heneverspeakstomeotherthan_____something?A.askforB.toaskforC.askedforD.askingfor18.Ican’tgetmycar_____oncoldmornings,soIhavetotry_____theradiatorwithsomehotwater.A.run;tofillB.running;fillingC.running;tofillD.ran;filling19.Thedrunkenhusbandknockedagainstthetableandsentthebowls_____inalldirectionsbeforehewassent_____byhiswife.A.flying;tosleepB.flying;sleepingC.tofly;tosleepingD.tofly;tosleep20.Whenwegotbackfromthecinema,wefoundthelamp_____butthedoor_____.A.beingon;shutB.burning;shuttingC.burning;shutD.on;shutting21.Wefoundthestudentsseatedattablesandhadtheireyes_____onthesceneofthelaunchofShenzhouVspaceship.A.fixedB.fixC.fixingD.tofix22.Adoctorcanexpect_____atanyhourofthedayornight.A.callingB.tocallC.beingcalledD.tobecalled23.Theboyoftengivesasatisfactoryanswertotheteacher’squestion,_____justaminute.Sohe’susuallytheteacher’spet.A.thoughtB.havingthoughtC.andtothinkD.thinking24.Thepolicemancameuptothelonelyhousewiththedoor____,____thereforawhileandthenenteredit.A.open;tostandB.opening;stoodC.open;stoodD.opened;standing25._____alongthequietroadatfortymilesanhour,andthenanoldmansuddenlystartedtocrosstheroadinfrontofme.A.DrivingB.IwasdrivingC.HavingdrivenD.WhenIwasdriving26.Mr.Smithwasmuchsurprisedtofindthewatchhehadhad_____wasnowheretobeseen.A.repairingB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired27.Whatdidthelibrarian_____outofthelibrary?A.permittotakeB.forbidtobetakenC.allowtotakeD.insistbeingtaken28.—Mum,whydoyougivemesomuchpopcorn?—_____theboringtime.A.KillB.KillingC.TokillD.Havingkilled29.WhatYangLiweiwantedtodowhenhegotoutofthespaceshipwas__thejoywithalltheChinese.A.shareB.sharedC.havingsharedD.abouttoshare30.Whenshewasaloneathome,Maryneededafriend_____.A.playingwithB.havingplayedwithC.withwhomtoplaywithD.withwhomtoplay31._____thebigsnake,thelittlegirlstoodunderthetree_____outoflife.A.Seeing;frightenedB.Seeing;frighteningC.Seen;frightenedD.Tosee;frightening32.Thecompetitorneverdreamedof_____forhimtowinthefirstprizeinthe100-meterrace.A.therewasachanceB.therebeingachanceC.itbeingachanceD.itwasachance33._____everythingtogowronginadvance,andyouwon’tfeelquitesobadwhenitdoes.A.HavingexpectedB.ExpectC.ToexpectD.Expecting34.—You_____partinthepartyontime.—Sorry,Iwasdelayedbytheaccident.A.aretotakeB.havesupposedtotakeC.weretohavetakenD.supposedtotake35._____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesn’tseemhighatall.A.WhencomparedB.TocompareC.WhilecomparingD.Itcompared36._____inherbestsuit,thegirltriedtomakeherself_____attheparty.A.Dressed;noticedB.Dressing;noticingC.Dressed;noticingD.Dressing;noticed37.Thematter_____yourstudysurelyrequires_____carefully.A.relatingto;dealingwithB.relatedto;dealtwithC.relatedto;beingdealtwithD.relatingto;havingdealtwith38._____madeherparentsworriedalot.A.HernottocomebackB.NothertocomebackC.HernotcomingbackD.Nothercomingback39.Everything_____intoconsideration,theybelievedthemselvesmoreandreturnedtotheirpositions.A.totakeB.takenC.tobetakenD.taking40.Hemovedawayfromhisparentsandmissedthem_____enjoytheexcitinglifeinNewYork.A.muchsoastoB.verymuchtoC.toomuchtoD.enoughto41.—Whatdoyouthinkoftheplan?—It’seasiersaidthan_____.A.carriedoutB.carryingoutC.carryoutD.tocarryout42.ManybusinessmenattendedtheBoaoForum(博鰲論壇)becausetheyknewwhat_____fromtheforum.A.togetB.tobegotC.gotD.getting43.Therewasafamouspersonatthepartywhomeveryonewouldlike_____tothemselves.A.tointroduceB.tobeintroducedC.introducingD.beingintroduced44.—WereyouathomelastSunday?—Yeah!Idevotedthewholedayto_____theEnglishgrammar.A.reviewB.reviewingC.bereviewedD.beingreviewed45.Once_____attheshop,youwillbedismissedimmediately.A.caughtstealingB.caughttostealC.catchingstealingD.tocatchtosteal46.Pricesofdailygoods_____throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying47._____,Johnreturnedtoschoolfromhishometown.A.ThesummervacationbeingoverB.ThesummervacationisoverC.BecausethesummervacationoverD.Afterthesummervacationbeingover48._____shecan’tcome,whowilldothework?A.SupposedB.SupposingC.HavingsupposedD.Beingsupposed49.—Isthereanythingyouwantfromtown?—No,thankyou.ButIwouldliketoget_____.A.thoselettersmailedB.mailedlettersC.tomailthoselettersD.thoselettersmail50.Aftertheguestsleft,shespentasmuchtimeasshecould_____therooms.A.tidyupB.toclearawayC.clearawayD.tidyingup2012全國(guó)各地區(qū)高考非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞匯總1【2012江西卷】33．Havingfinishedherproject,shewasinvitedbytheschooltothenewstudents. A．speaking B．havingspoken C．tospeak D．tohavespoken2【2012江西卷】35．Johnhasreallygotthejobbecauseheshowedmetheofficialletter____________himit. A．offered B．offering C．tooffer D．tobeoffered3【2012湖南卷】21.We'vehadagoodstart,butnext,moreworkneeds____toachievethefinalsuccess.A.beingdoneB.doC.tobedoneD.tobe4【2012重慶卷】31.Beforeyouquityourjob,______howyourfamilywouldfeelaboutyourdecision.A.considerB.consideringC.toconsiderD.considered5【2012重慶卷】28.We’rehavingameetinginhalfanhour.Thedecision______atthemeetingwillinthefutureofourcompany.A.tobemadeB.beingmadeC.madeD.havingbeenmade6【2012重慶卷】23.______toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.A.HavingbeenaskedB.ToaskC.HavingaskedD.Tobeasked7【2012遼寧卷】29.Thismachineisveryeasy.Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes.A.operatingB.tobeoperatingC.operatedD.tooperate8【2012四川卷】8.Ilookedupandnoticedasnake______itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.A.towindB.windC.windingD.wound9【2012四川卷】12.Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar____.A.washedB.washC.washingD.towash高66610【2012陜西卷】15.________inalongqueue,wewaitedforthestoretoopentobuyaNewiPad. A.Standing B.Tostand C. Stood D.Stand11【2012陜西卷】22.Ifhetakesonthiswork,hewillhavenochoicebut______anevengreaterchallenge.A.meetsB.meetingC.meetD.tomeet12【2012北京卷】23.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand______them.A.corrects B.correct C.tocorrect D.correcting13【2012北京卷】27._______withcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.A.Use B.Using C.Used D.Touse14【2012全國(guó)II】15.Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happy_____anythingthathappenedtobeon.A.towatchB.watchingC.watchedD.tohavewatched15【2012全國(guó)II】10.Tonylentmethemoney,______thatI’ddoasmuchforhim.A.hopingB.tohopeC.hopedD.havinghoped16【2012北京卷】32.Birds’singingissometimesawarningtootherbirds________away.A.tostayB.stayingC.stayedD.stay17【2012天津卷】Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,_________thebreakfastuntouched.A.leftB.toleaveC.leaving D.havingleft18【2012全國(guó)新課程】32.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen_suchartformsasmusicandpainting.A.havingcomparedtoB.comparingtoC.comparetoD.comparedto19【2012全國(guó)新課程】28.Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather.A.permittingB.topermitC.permittedD.permit20【2012山東卷】35.Aftercompletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelope________.

A.providing B.provided C.havingprovided D.provide21【2012山東卷】26.Georgereturnedafterthewar,only_______thathiswifehadlefthim.

A.tobetold B.telling C.beingtold D.told22【2012福建卷】28.ChinarecentlytighteneditswaterscontrolsneartheHuangyanIslandtopreventChinesefishingboatsfrom intheSouthChinaSea.A.attackingB.havingattackedC.beingattackedD.havingbeenattacked23【2012福建卷】34.Pressedfromhisparents,and______thathehaswastedtoomuchtime,theboyisdeterminedtostopplayingvideogames.A.realizing B.realizedC.torealizeD.beingrealized24【2012浙江卷】1"It'sasuchniceplace,"Mothersaidasshesatatthetable________forcustoms.A.tobereservedB.LivingreservedC.reserving D.reserved25【2012浙江卷】IthinkTom,astheheadofabigdepartment,shouldeitherstudyregularlyor_________hisjob.A.quits B.toquit C.quitting D.quit26【2012浙江卷】3.Nomatterhowbrightatalkeryouare,therearetimeswhenit'sbetter__________silent.A.remain B.beremaining C.havingremainedD.toremain27【2012江蘇卷】31.__________animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.A.Based B.Basing C.Base D.Tobase28【2012安徽卷】30.Whenforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.A.askingB.askedC.havingaskedD.tobeasked29【2012安徽卷】24.IrememberedthedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights.A.lockingB.tolockC.havinglockedD.tohavelocked◆答案與解析◆基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)1.選D。catchsbdoingsth意為“碰上某人在做某事”或“逮住某做某事”。2.選B。這是一個(gè)含when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句，havingagoodteacher在主句中用作主語(yǔ)。3.選C。句中的it為形式主語(yǔ)，不定式tobeaskedtospeaktoyou為真正主語(yǔ)，因“我”與ask為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)式。4.選B。like和love后接不定式或動(dòng)名詞均可，但wouldlove/like后只能接不定式，據(jù)此可排除選項(xiàng)C、D。表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，其后要接不定式完成式，即選B。5.選A，before引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，填空句為主句，而此主句為一祈使句，故動(dòng)詞用原形。其中itwillhave…為修飾名詞theeffect的賓語(yǔ)從句。6.選A。根據(jù)句中的studied可知，他曾到國(guó)外留過(guò)學(xué)，也就是說(shuō)“留學(xué)”這個(gè)動(dòng)作已結(jié)束并發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作(issaid)之前，故用完成式，即選A。7.選C。dowith與what連用可以表示“處置”、“放置”、“利用”等。如：WhatshallIdowithit?怎樣處置它好呢?Whathaveyoudonewithmyumbrella?你把我的雨傘放到哪里去了?Idon’tknowwhattodowiththisstrangeobject.我不知道這怪東西有什么用。8.選B。anyoneseencarryingbags…為anyonewhowasseencarryingbags之略，其中過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)seencarryingbags…用作定語(yǔ)修飾代詞anyone。另外，句中的whowasseencarryingbags為seesbdoingsth這一結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)式。9.選B。devote…to…的意思是“把……貢獻(xiàn)給……”或“致力于……”，其中to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，若后動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞。句中的hehad為定語(yǔ)從句，用以修飾all，注意不將hadto視為同一個(gè)語(yǔ)義結(jié)構(gòu)。10.選C。leadto意為“導(dǎo)致”，其中的to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，若后接動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞。由于邏輯主語(yǔ)thethief與catch為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故答案選C。11.選D。lookforwardto意為“期盼”，其中to是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞。注意不能選B，因?yàn)閜ayavisit不能帶theflower-linedgarden作賓語(yǔ)，假若在payingavisit后加上介詞to，則可選B。12.選A。句首的totesteggs為目的狀語(yǔ)，填空句為祈使句謂語(yǔ)，故要用動(dòng)詞原形。13.選B?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)表伴隨。14.選C。togetenoughproteinandnutrition表目的。15.選A。(be)losttosth為習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“不再受某事物的影響”、“將某事物置之度外”。16.選C。因keys與find是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。17.選A。不定式的否定式總是將否定詞not置于不定式符號(hào)to之前，而不能置于其后，同時(shí)結(jié)合tellsb(not)todosth這一結(jié)構(gòu)可排除選項(xiàng)C、D。當(dāng)不定式的動(dòng)詞是前面已出現(xiàn)過(guò)的相同的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，為避免重復(fù)，通常省略該不定式而只保留不定式符號(hào)to。18.選B。find后可接現(xiàn)在分詞（表示動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行）或過(guò)去分詞（表被動(dòng)關(guān)系）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但是不接不定式。另外，由于he與smoke是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選B。19.選D。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子主語(yǔ)。比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，findinghercarstolen的邏輯主語(yǔ)顯然是she，而不是apoliceman,thearea,it等，故選D。20.選B。thekeyto…意為“……的關(guān)鍵”，其中的to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，若后接動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞。另一方面，名詞demand與make是被動(dòng)關(guān)系(makedemands提出要求)，同時(shí)根據(jù)句中的bythecustomers，可確定答案選B。21.選C。答句是針對(duì)疑問(wèn)詞what的回答，而問(wèn)句中的疑問(wèn)詞what在句中用作主語(yǔ)，所以答句也應(yīng)是一個(gè)能用作主語(yǔ)的東西，比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，只有C合適。其完整回答形式為L(zhǎng)osinghernewbikemadeMarysoupset.比較，下面一題要填不定式，因?yàn)樗膫€(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有Tochooseanewchairman能回答疑問(wèn)詞why：“Whywasaspecialmeetingcalled?”“______anewchairman.”A.ChooseB.ChoosingC.TochooseD.Chosen22.選D。由于theresearch與begin是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞begun。Oncebegun可視為onceitisbegun之省略。23.選C。由于hisparents與lackmoney(缺錢(qián))是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞，又因?yàn)閘ack是及物動(dòng)詞，故后接賓語(yǔ)無(wú)需用介詞，故選C。24.選D。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式要將否定詞not放在整個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，據(jù)此可排除A、C。另外，由于Tony與invite是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選D。25.C。第一空填sung，因?yàn)閟ong與sing是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；第二空