外研新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選修六Module War and Peace 說課一等獎(jiǎng)

選修6Module6Grammar----虛擬語氣虛擬語氣的定義：虛擬語氣表示一種假設(shè)的情況，或一種主觀的愿望，即動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)并非事實(shí)，或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。

虛擬語氣的用法:Ⅰ.If引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句㈠與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反連接詞

條件從句

主句

if1.動(dòng)詞過去式(或were)2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過去式+動(dòng)詞原形

shouldwould+動(dòng)詞原形couldmight

e.g.Ifhehadthetime,JohnwouldmakeatriptoChinatoseetheGreatWall.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveupdrinkingimmediately.

㈡與將來事實(shí)相反

連接詞

條件從句

主句

If1.should+動(dòng)詞原形2.動(dòng)詞過去式3.wereto+動(dòng)詞原形

shouldwould+動(dòng)詞原形couldmight

e.g.

Ifyoushouldlose,whatwouldyoudo?IfIweretoseehertomorrow,Iwouldtellherthetruth.Ifyouwenttherenexttime,youwouldseewhatImean.㈢與過去事實(shí)相反

連接詞

條件從句

主句

ifhad+過去分詞

shouldwould+have+動(dòng)詞原形couldmight

e.g.

IfI’dknownthatitwasgoingtorain,Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry.IfIhadtakenhisadviceIwouldnothavemadesuch.mistakes.

Ⅱ.wish引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的虛擬語氣的用法㈠與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反主語+wish+（that）+主語+動(dòng)詞過去式或were

IwishIwereapopsinger.HowIwishIrememberhisaddress.IwishIwereasstrongasyou.IwishIwereyounow.㈡與將來事實(shí)相反主語+wish+（that）+主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過去式+動(dòng)詞原形

Iwishthey’dletusgetsomesleep.Wewishtheycouldcome.Wewishwewouldgotheretomorrow.Tomisveryshortnow.Hismotherwishesthathewouldbetallwhenhegrowsup.㈢與過去事實(shí)相反主語+wish+（that）+主語+動(dòng)詞過去完成式（had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞）IwishIhadneverstoppedteaching.IwishwehadbeentoBeijingbefore.Wewishwehadpaidmoreattentiontoourpronunciation.Ⅲ

．虛擬語氣的特殊用法：

1．Suggest,advise

等動(dòng)詞表示建議，要求，堅(jiān)持，命令等的意思時(shí)，其后的賓語從句須用虛擬語氣，其句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

suggest,advise,recommend,demand,require,insist,ask,urge,request,order,desire,move,propose等

+that+(should)+動(dòng)詞原形e.g.

Hesuggestedthatthey(should)stopsmoking.

Hemadearequestthatthey(should)respecttherules.

注意：在此結(jié)構(gòu)中that不可省略；should省不省均可。上述動(dòng)詞的名詞形式出現(xiàn)時(shí)，that引導(dǎo)的從句仍用虛擬語氣。

2．Itis(was)+necessary/apity

等+that引導(dǎo)的從句須用虛擬語氣,其句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

Itisimportantthatyou(should)followthedoctor’sorders.Itisrightthatyoushouldhavedoneyourhomework.Itis(was)+imperative,advisable,important,natural,strange，necessary,essential等+that+(should)+①動(dòng)詞原形②動(dòng)詞完成式3.It’s(high)timethat…+動(dòng)詞過去式或should+動(dòng)詞原形

e.g.It’stime(that)youhadahaircut.

It’shightime(that)wetooksomeaction.4.asif,asthough,would(had)rather(that)引導(dǎo)的從句須用虛擬語氣.e.g.Heactsasifnothinghadhappened.Iwouldratheryoudidn’ttellhim.Ⅳ虛擬語氣的其它用法：1.省掉if的條件從句結(jié)構(gòu)：e.g.Hadyouaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyou.(=Ifyouhadaskedme,…)2.有時(shí)虛擬條件不用條件從句而用不定式、分詞、介詞、名詞、連接詞或定語從句來表示.

e.g.Atruefriendwouldnotdosuchathing.(=Ifhewereatruefriend,he...)3.有時(shí)條件從句中的動(dòng)作和結(jié)果從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致.e.g.Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonehome.Ⅴ.完成下列練習(xí)題:

(1)IfI

you,Iwouldgobyplane.Flyingismuchfaster.A．a(chǎn)m B

．was C

．were

(2)IdonotthinkthosepeoplearereallyEnglish.Iftheywere,they

speakwishFrenchaccents.A．wouldn’t B

．willnot C

．mustn’t(3)

today,wouldwebeabletogettherebyTuesday?A．WerewetoleaveB

．Ifweleave C

．Wouldweleave

(4)IfJone

tomorrow,whatwouldyoudo?A．werenottocomeB．hadnotcome C

．wouldnotcome

(5)“Shedidn’t