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18年浙江高考英語真題高頻詞匯超全整理啟用前
2024年6月一般高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(浙江卷)
高頻詞匯
其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)
第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題2.5分,滿分25分)
閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。
A
In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—
butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy(識字)rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady.”Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.
In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens’greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon(名人堂)ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.
HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It’spartlytruethatDickens’styleofwritingattractedaudiences
fromallwalksoflife.It’spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit’salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.
21.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?
A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.
B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.
C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.
D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.
22.DickensisparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress________.
A.hisreputationinFrance
B.hisinterestinmodernart
C.hissuccessinpublication
D.hisimportanceinliterature
23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?
A.Torememberagreatwriter.
B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.
C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.
D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.
高頻考綱詞匯
1.born,誕生的,
2.experts專家
3.date...to日期…到
4.professionally專業(yè)
5.steam-poweredprintingpress蒸汽印刷機
6.stages階段
7.rate率
8.fiction小說
9.authors
10.belookeduponas被視為
11.immoral不道德的
12.plainbad.不好。
13.mourn哀悼
14.professional專業(yè)的
a)publisher出版商
15.beloved友愛的
16.explosion爆炸
17.moral道德的
18.touchstone試金石
19.greatness宏大
20.unchallenged無挑戰(zhàn)的
21.extremelydifficulttopass特別難通過
22.acasualreader漫不經(jīng)心的讀者
23.ahalf-dozen半打
24.partlytrue部分真實
25.styleofwriting寫作風格
26.attractaudiences吸引觀眾
27.fromallwalksoflife.來自各行各業(yè)。
28.rideawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress
29.引領(lǐng)社會、政治和科學進步浪潮
30.rewritethecultureofliterature改寫文學文化
31.mixof混合
32.talent才能
33.ambition野心
34.energy能量
35.singular單數(shù)的
36.anniversary周年紀念
37.approaches,方法,
38.alastingone.長久的
39.following下列的
40.describe描述
41.century世紀
42.understand.理解。
43.popularamongtherich.在富人中很受歡迎。
44.beseenasnearlyworthless.被認為幾乎一文不值。
45.bewrittenmostlybywomen.大部分是女性寫的。
46.paredwith與之相比
47.stress_應(yīng)激狀態(tài)
48.reputation名聲
49.interestinmodernart對現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的愛好
50.success勝利
51.publication出版
52.importance重要性
53.literature文學
54.introduce介紹
55.encourage鼓舞
56.culture.文化。
57.promote促進
58.values價值觀
B
StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe’sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.
Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts(收銀臺).Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.
Amongthebagmakers'argument:manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.
Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.
Environmentalistsdon'tdispute(質(zhì)疑)thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.
24.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?
A.Helpincreasegrocerysales.
B.Recyclethewastematerial.
C.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.
D.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.
25.Whatdoestheword“headwinds”inparagraph2referto?
A.Bansonplasticbags.
B.Effectsofcitydevelopment.
C.Headachescausedbygarbage.
D.Plasticbagshungintrees.
26.Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers?
A.Theyarequiteexpensive.
B.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.
C.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.
D.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.
27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?
A.Plastic,PaperorNeither
B.Industry,PollutionandEnvironment
C.RecycleorThrowAway
D.GarbageCollectionandWasteControl
1.followgarbagetrucks
2.makessense
3.consider
4.anenvironmentalscientist
5.reducelitter
6.falloffgarbagetrucks
7.drivedowntheroad.
8.defendinganindustry
9.plasticshoppingbags.
10.morethan
11.thinfilmplasticbags
12.endupintreebranches
13.highways
14.allow
15.prohibit
16.plastic-bagmakers
17.case
18.product1.跟隨垃圾車
2.有道理
3.考慮
4.環(huán)境科學家
5.削減垃圾
6.從垃圾車上掉下來
7.沿著這條路開車。
8.保衛(wèi)一個行業(yè)
9.塑料購物袋。
10.不止
11.薄膜塑料袋
12.最終是樹枝
13.高速大路
14.允許
15.禁止
16.塑料袋制造商
17.案例
18.產(chǎn)品
19.planet
20.assume.
21.argumen
22.shoppers
23.purchase
24.easilyrecycled
25.requiremoreenergytoproduceand
transport.
26.representasmallpercentage
27.industry
28.aim
29.replacement:
30.reusable
31.reusable
32.cancel
33.longer-lastingreusablebags
34.environmentalists
35.dispute
36.ban
37.increasegrocerysales.
38.recyclethewastematerial.19.行星
20.假定。
21.論證
22.購物者
23.購買
24.易被回收的
25.生產(chǎn)和運輸需要更多的能
源。
26.代表一小部分
27.行業(yè)
28.目標
29.替換:
30.可重復(fù)使用的
31.可重復(fù)使用的
32.取消
33.更長久的可重復(fù)使用的袋子
34.環(huán)境愛護主義者
35.爭端
36.禁令
37.增加雜貨銷售。
38.回收廢料。
C
Asculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrolling
offtheassemblyline(裝配線)onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.
ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmerican—goingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.
In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.”Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpowerThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.
Theproblemsofexcessive(過度的)energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.
Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(經(jīng)濟)isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.“Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.”
28.Whyishamburgermentionedinparagraph2?
A.ToexplainAmericans’lovefortravellingbycar.
B.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture.
C.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.
D.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica’sroadsystem.
29.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?
A.Declineofeconomy.
B.Environmentalproblems.
C.Ashortageofoilsupply.
D.Afarm-basedsociety.
30.WhatisFriedman’sattitudetowardsAmerica’sfuture?
A.Ambiguous.
B.Doubtful.
C.Hopeful.
D.Tolerant.
1.culturalsymbols文化符號
2.eventually最終
3.behindawheel在車輪的后面
4.shapesomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture塑造美國
文化中一些最長久的方面roadsidediner路邊餐車
5.thebillboard廣告牌
6.project項目
7.industrialpower工業(yè)用電
8.create制造
9.aglobalecologicaldisaster全球生態(tài)災(zāi)難
10.demandforoil石油需求
11.excessiveenergyconsumption過度能源消耗
12.climatechange氣候變化
13.populationgrowth人口增長
14.hopesforthebest.盼望最好。
15.greeneconomy綠色經(jīng)濟
16.achancetokeepAmericanstrength保持美國實力的機會
17.ability力量
18.design,設(shè)計,
a)export出口
19.abundantfood豐富的食物
20.currencyofpower權(quán)力的貨幣
其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)
依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubeeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.theeasiestwaytoacplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.___31_____
Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty(房產(chǎn))neat,clean,andingoodrepair._____32___Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.
Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously,.Whengoingforawalk.Takeasmallgarbagebag.____33_____Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.
______34____Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywaythisacceptable,while
stillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.
_____35___Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybeeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.
A.I
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