第22課+By+Heart+知識點講義 高中英語新概念第三冊

Lesson22Byheart熟記臺詞、Someplaysaresosuccessfulthattheyrunforyearsonend,Inmanyways,thisisunfortunateforthepooractors（whoarerequiredtogoonrepeatingthesamelinesnightafternight.定語從句）有些劇目十分成功，以致連續(xù)上演好幾年。這樣一來，可憐的演員們可倒霉了。因為他們需要一夜連著一夜地重復(fù)同樣的臺詞。play(n.)話劇musical(n.)音樂劇opera(n.)歌劇so…that…如此…以致于（結(jié)果狀語從句）successful(adj.)成功的successfully(adv.)成功地success(n.)成功succeed(v.)成功run(v.)經(jīng)營onend=continuously(adv.)連續(xù)不斷地eg.到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)連續(xù)不停地下了好幾天雨了。Untilnow,ithasbeenrainingforseveraldaysonend.unfortunate（adj.）=unlucky(adj.)不幸的require(v.)需要=need（主動語態(tài)）eg.假如你需要進一步的信息，請打這個電話。Ifyourequiretogetfurtherinformation,pleasetelephonethisnumber.berequired被要求（強迫）（被動語態(tài)）=demandeg.我們被要求暑假讀完5本書。Wewererequiredtoread5booksinsummerholiday.goondoing=continuedoing繼續(xù)做某事2、Onewouldexpectthemtoknowtheirpartsbyheartandneverhavecausetofalter.Yetthisisnotalwaysthecase.人們以為，這些演員一定會把臺詞背得爛熟，絕不會臨場結(jié)巴的，但情況卻并不總是這樣。by+email/telephone/交通工具：用…方式know/learnsth.byheart背誦（用心的方式）eg.我們班同學(xué)被要求背這篇課文。Myclassmatesarerequiredtolearnthistextbyheart.3、Afamousactorinahighlysuccessfulplaywasoncecastintheroleofanaristocrat（whohadbeenimprisonedintheBastillefortwentyyears.定語從句）有一位名演員曾在一出極為成功的劇目中扮演一個貴族角色，這個貴族已在巴士底獄被關(guān)押了20年。high(adj./adv.)高的/地highly(adv.)高度地（抽象）anaristocrat=anobleman貴族thearistocracy貴族階層themiddleclass中產(chǎn)階層theworkingclass工人階級，勞動階層theunderclass底層階級imprison(v.)關(guān)押=putsb.inprisonimprisonment(n.)關(guān)押（lifeimprisonment終生監(jiān)禁）prison(n.)監(jiān)獄prisoner(n.)囚犯4、Inthelastact,agaolerwouldalwayscomeontothestagewithaletter(whichhewouldhandtotheprisoner.定語從句)在最后一幕中，獄卒手持一封信上場，然后將信交給獄中那位貴族。gaoler(n.)獄警=jaoler5、Eventhoughthenoblewasexpectedtoreadtheletterateachperformance,healwaysinsistedthatitshouldbewrittenoutinfull.盡管那個貴族每場戲都得念一遍那封信。但他還是堅持要求將信的全文寫在信紙上。Eventhough盡管（引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句）=Evenif=Although=Thoughperformance(n.)演出perform(v.)演出，表演=giveaperformanceinsist(v.)堅持+that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（soulddo/do）6、Onenight,thegaolerdecidedtoplayajokeonhiscolleaguetofindout（if,aftersomanyperformances,hehadmanagedtolearnthecontentsoftheletterbyheart.賓語從句）一天晚上，獄卒決定與他的同事開一個玩笑，看看他反復(fù)演出這么多場之后，是否已將信的內(nèi)容記熟了。playajokeonsb.開玩笑colleague同事coworker工友，同事co-operation合作classmate同學(xué)schoolmate校友deskmate同桌roommate室友workmate同事contents(n.)內(nèi)容——contain(v.)包含（全部）7、Thecurtainwentuponthefinalactoftheplayandrevealedthearistocratsittingalonebehindbarsinhisdarkcell.大幕拉開，最后一幕戲開演，貴族獨自一人坐在鐵窗后陰暗的牢房里。curtain=curtainmaterial窗簾布reveal(v.)揭露，揭示，泄露，透露反：conceal(v.)掩蓋，隱藏behindbars坐牢=beinprisonalone(adj./adv.)單獨的，獨個地（只能修飾人）lonely(adj.)孤獨的（修飾人）；偏僻的（修飾地點）8、Justthen,thegaolerappearedwiththepreciousletterinhishands.這時獄卒上場，手里拿著那封珍貴的信。appear(v.)出現(xiàn)，表演precious（adj.）珍貴的（感情photo/time/experience）valuable（adj.）寶貴的（物品）9、Heenteredthecellandpresentedthelettertothearistocrat.Butthecopy（hegavehim定語從句）hadnotbeenwrittenoutinfullasusual.Itwassimplyablanksheetofpaper.獄卒走進牢房，將信交給貴族。但這回獄卒給貴族的信沒有像往常那樣把全文寫全，而是一張白紙。blank(adj.)空白的，蒼白的eg.Mymindgoesblank.我的大腦一片空白。10、Thegaolerlookedoneagerly,anxioustosee（ifhisfellowactorhadatlastlearnthislines.賓語從句）獄卒熱切地觀察著，急于想了解他的同事是否記熟了臺詞。lookon旁觀——onlooker旁觀者11、Thenoblestaredattheblanksheetofpaperforafewseconds.Then,squintinghiseyes,hesaid:‘Thelightisdim.Readthelettertome'.Andhepromptlyhandedthesheetofpapertothegaoler.貴族盯著紙看了幾秒鐘，然后，眼珠一轉(zhuǎn)，說道：“光線太暗，請給我讀一下這封信?！闭f完，他一下子把信遞給獄卒。stareatsth.(v.)盯著看=fixone’seyesonsth.squint(v.)瞇著眼睛看glare(v.)瞪著看glance(v.)掃視glimpse(v.)一瞥12、Findingthathecouldnotrememberawordofthelettereither,thegaolerreplied:‘Thelightisindeeddim,sire,Imustgetmyglasses.'Withthis,hehurriedoffthestage.獄卒發(fā)現(xiàn)自己連一個字也記不住，于是便說：“陛下，這兒光線的確太暗了，我得去眼鏡拿來。”他一邊說著，一邊匆匆下臺。hurry(v.)匆忙hurriedhurried=run=dash=rush13、Muchtothearistocrat'samusement,thegaolerreturnedafewmomentslaterwithapairofglassesandtheusualcopyoftheletterwithheproceededtoreadtotheprisoner.貴族感到非常好笑的是：一會兒工夫，獄卒重新登臺，拿來一副眼鏡以及平時使用的那封信，然后為那囚犯念了起來。Toone’s+情感類名詞：令某人…的是proceedtodosth.繼續(xù)做某事=continue