非英語專業(yè)學(xué)生英語成績(jī)測(cè)試的信度和效度分析

精品文檔-下載后可編輯非英語專業(yè)學(xué)生英語成績(jī)測(cè)試的信度和效度分析【摘要】語言測(cè)試，作為檢驗(yàn)學(xué)生語言水平的一種有效方法，與語言教學(xué)之間相輔相成，并對(duì)語言教學(xué)有著明顯的指導(dǎo)作用。對(duì)于英語教學(xué)來說，成績(jī)測(cè)試是一個(gè)必不可少的環(huán)節(jié)，并在大學(xué)英語教學(xué)中起著舉足輕重的作用。因此，本文從效度和信度著手，通過分析某校非英語專業(yè)學(xué)生的英語期末試卷，從而為試卷設(shè)計(jì)以及大學(xué)英語教學(xué)給以一定的參考。

【關(guān)鍵詞】非英語專業(yè)學(xué)生；成績(jī)測(cè)試；信度；效度；英語期末試卷

AnalysisofReliabilityandValidityinAchievementTestsforNon-EnglishMajors

--ACaseStudyonanEnglishFinalTestofaCollege

WANGYu-fenZHANGLi-jie

（CollegeofForeignLanguageNortheastForestryUniversity，HarbinHeilongjiang150040，China）

【Abstract】Asaneffectivewaytoteststudents’languageproficiency，languagetesthasacloserelationshipwithlanguageteachingandalsoplaysavitalroleinguidinglanguageteaching.AsforEnglishteaching，theachievementtest，asanindispensablepart，iscrucialincollegeEnglishteaching.Therefore，thisthesisaimstoanalyzethereliabilityandvalidityofnon-EnglishmajorsintheachievementtestbytakinganEnglishfinaltestasanexamplesoastoprovidesomesuggestionsforteacherstodesignanobjectiveachievementtestandtoimprovecollegeEnglishteaching.

【Keywords】Non-Englishmajors；Achievementtest；Reliability；Validity；Englishfinaltest

0Introduction

Asisknown，wearefacedwithmanytests，suchasaquizandfinalexams，whichaimstoteststudents’languageproficiencyandreinforceteachingandlearning.Atestreferstoameasurementinstrumentdesignedtoelicitaspecificsampleofanindividualbehavior（Bachman，1997）.Itiscategorizedintodiversetypesfollowingdifferentcriteria.Amongthosetests，theachievementtestisofgreatsignificanceandisanindispensablepartinEnglishteaching.Itisdesignedforstudentstoknowhowsuccessfulindividualstudents，groupsofstudents，orthecoursethemselveshavebeeninachievingobjectives（Hughes，2022）.PreviousstudieshaveshownthatpositivebackwasheffectofachievementtestsisusefulforEnglishteachingandcanalsohelpstudentsgetcorrectlearningmethodstoimproveEnglishskills（ZhaoLiang，2022）.Thus，thisthesisaimstoanalyzethefinaltestfromtheperspectiveofreliabilityandvaliditytoensurethatthistestsucceedsintestingstudents’achievementandproficiency.

1AnalysisofReliabilityandValidityinanEnglishFinalTestforNon-EnglishMajors

1.1TestReliabilityoftheEnglishFinalTest

Reliabilityistheconsistencyoftestscoresandstabilityofthetestresults（Heaton，2000）.Buttherearemanyinfluencingfactors.Oneisthetestitselfwhosereliabilitydependsonthetestrangeandtheamountofitems.Anotheristhescoringwhosereliabilityrestswiththeobjectivityandaccuracyofscoring.

TheauthorselectstheEnglishfinaltestofthesophomore.ThetestisbasedontheNewStandardCollegeEnglish（the4thvolume），includingunit6tounit10.Itconsistsoffourparts.

Thefinaltestmeasuressomeaspects.Asfortheclose，it’sashortpassageselectedfromtheexercisesinthetextbook，measuringstudents’abilitiestocomprehendthecontextandgrasptheuseofwordsandkeycollocationsoccurringinthetextbook.Thesecondpartisreadingcomprehensionwith20items，whicharenotfromthetextbook.Thefirstthreepassagesaren’tverylong，eachwithinabout800words.Thequestionsaren’tveryhardexceptthosefromthethirdpassage.Thoughthelastpassageisalittlelonger，about1200words，thequestionsarenotdifficultandstudentscanmakeacorrectchoicebasedonthepassage.Thefourpassagesaredifferentandrelatedwiththearticlesofunit6tounit10.Asforthethirdpart，therearetwoparts：passagetranslationandsentencetranslation.Theformerpartselectedfromthearticlesinthetextbook，isabouttranslationfromEnglishtoChinese.Thelatterpartselectedfromtheexercises，isabouttranslationfromChinesetoEnglish，includingfivesentences.Thelastpartiswriting.Thetopicisabout“BettertoGive”.Studentscanwriteacompositionwithin150wordsandshouldbecontent-relatedandgrammaticallycorrect.

Fromthepointoftheamountofitems，therearefourpartswithintwohours.Thisisrationalforthesophomore，evenforthosestudentswithalowlevel.Fromthescoringpointofview，50%ofitemsareobjectiveandtherestissubjective.Itindicatesthatthetestisofhighreliability.

1.2TestValidityoftheEnglishFinalTest

1.2.1FaceValidity

Thevalidityofatestistheextenttowhichitmeasuresaccuratelywhatitissupposedtomeasureandnothingelse.Ifatestitemlooksrighttoothertesters，teachers，moderatorsandtestees，itcanbedescribedashavingatleastfacevalidity（Heaton，2000）.Fromtheabovetable，itcanbeseenthatthewholetestcoversfourmainareas：vocabulary，readingpassage，translationandwriting.Thefirstandthirdpartsarefromthetextbook，measuringstudents’masteryofvocabularyandfundamentalsentences.Thesecondandthelastpartsareoutofthetextbook，measuringstudents’readingandwritingskillsdevelopedfromthetextbook.Especially，inthelastpart，studentscanputwhattheyhavelearned，likekeywordsandsentences，intopractice.Hence，fromtheperspectiveoffacevalidity，theEnglishfinaltestisofhighfacevalidity，measuringtheknowledgeorabilitiesitclaimstomeasure.

1.2.2ContentValidity

Atesthasthecontentvalidityifitisconstructedsoastocontainarepresentativesampleofthelanguageskills，structures，etc.withwhichit’smeanttobeconcerned（Heaton，2000）.

Asisseen，thefinaltestincludesfourparts.Thefirstpartisclose，includingashortpassageselectedfromthetextexercises，buttheteachersmodifysomechoicesbasedonthechangedblankstoavoidthatstudentsjustmakeachoiceaccordingtotheirmemory.Themodifiedcloseteststheuseanddistinctionofwordsandcollocationslecturedfromthetextbook.

Thesecondpartisreadingcomprehensionwithfourpassagesoutofthetextbook.Thegenresarenarrationandargumentation，concerningcoralreefs，aDutchSinologist，criminalityandsecuritization.Questionsareaboutthetheme，structure，vocabularyanddetails.Amongthepassages，thethirdoneisalittledifficult，becausethechoicesaresimilarandambiguous，whichseemsbeyondthestudents’abilities.Butthefourpassagesmeasurestudents’readingskillsdevelopedfromwhattheyhavelearned.

Thethirdpartistranslatingthepassageandsentences.Thereisonlyonepassageselectedfromunit8tomeasurestudents’abilitiesofunderstandingcrucialwordsandexpressionsandthesentencestructure.Thenextpart，selectedfromtextexercises，includesfivesentencestomeasurestudents’masteryofnecessaryexpressionsandsentencepatternsthathavebeenlectured.Althoughthefirstpartisalittleharderthanthesecondpart，bothpartsmeasuretheknowledgethetestclaimstomeasureandarewithinstudents’abilities.

Thefinalpartiswriting.Giventhetopic，studentsarerequiredtowriteacompositionwithinabout150words.Thewritingtopicisfamiliarandstudentsdon’tneedtowritesomecomplexsentences.Thus，thelastpartmeasuresstudents’writingskillslearnedfromthetextbookandcanberegardedashavingahighcontentvalidity.

Tosumup，thistestmeetstherequirementsandsyllabusofachievementtestsandisofhighreliabilityandvalidity.Althoughonly30%arefromthetextbook，70%selectedfromothermaterialsalsomeasurestudents’abilitiesandskillsdevelopedfromthetextbook.Besides，50%areobjectiveand50%aresubjective.Thus，thescoringisobjectiveandaccuratetosomeextent.

2Conclusion

ThisthesishasconductedananalysisofreliabilityandvalidityofanEnglishfinalte