高考沖刺2024年高考英語真題重組卷01

沖刺2024年高考英語真題重組卷（上海專用）真題重組卷01I.ListeningSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.ABytheshuttlebus B.Byafriend'sprivatecarCBythesubway D.Byasharedbike.2、A.Academicproblems. B.Theman'suniversitytourC.AWeekendtravelplan D.Theman'stourtoalake3.A.TheladywillgohikingnextweekB.TheladytookherkittentothecliniclastweekC.Themancaresaboutthewoman.D.Themandidn'tgohikinglastweek.4.A.HewantstotraveltoShanghai.B.Hehasfoundasuitablejob.C.Hegraduatedlastmonth.D.HishometownmaybeNantong5.A.Silent B.CrazyC.Relieved.D.Depressed6.A.Hewantsthehousetohaveagarageandagarden.Hejustwantsaspacetosunbatheinhishouse.C.Hewantstobuyavilla.D.HelikesEuropeanstyledecoration7.A.HeiscrazyaboutreadingB.HelikesthedecorationstyleofthelibraryC.HeisaknowledgeablecollegestudentD.Heisalibrarian8.A.Shelikessimilarcarmodels.B.ShepromisedarefundwithinaweekC.SheencouragedthemantobuythemodelcarDShehassoldalotofcars9.A.HewantstoleavethepanyB.HeistheprojectleaderofthepanyC.HethinkstheirhardworkwillbewastedD.Hewillannouncetheprogressoftheproject10.A.HischildcamehomelateandhadnofoodB.Hehassparedsomefoodforhischild.C.ThewholefamilywaitedthechildcamebackfordinnerD.Hewasveryangrywithhischild'sbehavior.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestionswillbereadtwice,butthequestionwillbespokenonlyonethefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage11.A.NegativeeffectsofeatingtoomanysnacksB.Thedifferencesbetweensnacksandmeals.C.Strategiesofavoidingeatingtoomanysnacksbeforemeals.D.Healthywaysofhavingmeals.12.AAvoideatingthingsbetweenmeals.B.Eatasmuchfruitaspossible.C.Eatfoodliketoastshortlybeforedinnertohelpwithdigestion.D.Haveacupofyogurtintheafternoon.13.A.TocontroltheamountofsnacksyoueatB.Tomakeithealthier.C.TohelpyoufocusonthemaineventD.TohelpyouknowwhatexactlyyouareeatingQuestions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.3,000billiontrees. B.400billiontrees.C.50milliontrees. D.15billiontrees.15.A.Russiahasalwaysrankedfirstinthenumberoftrees.B.Treeswouldbegoneinthefutureatcurrentremovalrate.C.Peoplewillplanttreesonthecultivatedland.D.Itisimpossibletocalculatethetotalnumberoftrees16.A.Tostoppeoplefrombuildinghousesendlessly.B.Todrawpeople'sattentiontotheimportanceoftrees.C.Tocallonpeopletoprotectthehomesofwildanimals.D.ToattractpeopletostudythegrowthenvironmentoftreesQuestions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Personaltravelplan. B.TravelC.Partydress. D.Organizationofwork18.A.JerrywilltravelbyhighspeedrailB.JerryisHelen'scousin.C.Jerry'sparentsliveinNanjingD.Jerryisrestinginhisapartmentnow19.A.SheknowsthebossthereB.Shebookedthetableamonthearlier.C.HerfriendworksinthisrestaurantD.Shehasanoblestatus.20.A.Goingforapicnicintheforestpark.B.Restingintheapartment.C.GoingtotheDomingorestaurantfordinner.D.GoingtoShanghaiMuseum【聽力答案】15ABBDC

610BACCB

1113CDA

1416ABB1720ACBAII.GrammarandVocabulary（每題1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（2023年1月上海春季高考）YoungEnterpriseYoungEnterpriseisanorganizationthatmakesseriouseffortstoteachalltypesofyoungpeoplethegeneralprinciplesofrunningabusiness(21)__________(originate)intheUnitedStatesofAmerica,theideaofYoungEnterprisewasintroducedintoBritainbyasuccessfulbanker.(22)__________itdevelopedslowlyinitsearlyyears,theorganizationgrewrapidlylater.YoungEnterpriseisnowbackedbyindustryandmerce,sothattodayyoungpeoplethroughouttheUnitedKingdomcanparticipate.AparticipantinYoungEnterpriseisknownasanAchiever.YoungEnterpriseprimarilymeetstheneedsofyoungpeople(23)__________arestillatschool,givingthemanunderstandingofindustryandtheopportunitiesitmayoffertheminthefuture.Butitisusuallypossible(24)__________(include)youngpeopleinthesameagegroupwhohaveleftschoolbuthavenotyetstartedwork.AnAdviserisapracticingbusinessexecutive(管理人員)withanexpertknowledgeofhisownfieldwhovolunteerstokeepaYoungEnterprisepanyduringitstradingyear.(25)__________countsforAdvisersisanabilitytogetonwithyoungpeopleandtoputacrossthesubject.Asthename(26)__________(imply),Advisersaretheretoadvise:theydonotrunthepanies.Normally,threeAdvisersoneonaccountancy,oneonproductionandoneonmarketing,(27)__________(be)availabletoeachpany.YoungEnterprisemakes(28)__________arulethattheAdvisersmustefromavarietyofbusinessoccupations.ASponsor,(29)__________(reward)onlybythesuccessoftheenterpriseof"its"Achievers,isanorganizationwhichparticipatesinYoungEnterpriseand,(30)__________itsownexpense,providesfacilitiesbymakingavailablemunications,adviceandencouragement.【答案】21.Originating22.Although/Though/While23.who/that24.toinclude25.What26.implies27.are/willbe/havebeen28.it29.rewarded30.at【解析】【導(dǎo)讀】文章主要講述YoungEnterprise是一個教育組織，旨在教導(dǎo)年輕人經(jīng)營企業(yè)的基本原則。它起源于美國，在英國得到了廣泛支持。參與者被稱為"Achievers"，他們可以是在校學(xué)生或已離校但未開始工作的年輕人。每個YoungEnterprise公司都有顧問來指導(dǎo)他們，顧問必須具備相關(guān)商業(yè)經(jīng)驗。贊助商提供支持并根據(jù)企業(yè)的成功獲得回報?！驹斀狻縊riginating考查現(xiàn)在分詞"originate"是“起源于……”，非謂語動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，修飾"theideaofYoungEnterprise"，表示YoungEnterprise的想法起源于美國。22.Although/Though/While考查讓步狀語從句。"although/though/while"表示讓步關(guān)系，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為"盡管"。根據(jù)原文句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語境判斷。23.who/that考查定語從句。這里使用關(guān)系代詞作為介紹youngpeople的定語從句，修飾"youngpeople"，指代"youngpeople"，做主語，指人，可以使用"who/that"。24.toinclude考查動詞不定式。"toinclude"根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格前的謂語動詞is。判定此處為非謂語動詞，而且結(jié)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)Itis加形容詞加todosomething.故填入動詞不定式toinclude.句意：但通?？梢詫⑼荒挲g段的年輕人包括在內(nèi)，他們已經(jīng)離開學(xué)校，但尚未開始工作。25.What考查名詞從句。這里使用名詞從句"WhatcountsforAdvisers"引導(dǎo)一個主語從句，意為"對于顧問來說，重要的是……"。根據(jù)原文句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語境判斷。26.implies考查一般現(xiàn)在時。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語境，這里用一般現(xiàn)在時的第三人稱單數(shù)形式"implies"，表示"意味著"。根據(jù)原文句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語境判斷。27.are/willbe/havebeen考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語threeAdvisers后面的破折號是解釋說明，判定空格處動詞be是句子的謂語部分，再結(jié)合句意可知此處為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，而且“beavailableto”表示“可用于……，……可利用或得到的”，Advisers是復(fù)數(shù)，故填入are/willbe/havebeen。句意：通常，每家公司都有三名顧問，一名會計顧問、一名生產(chǎn)顧問和一名營銷顧問。28.it考查代詞。"it"是代詞，作為形式賓語代替后面that從句。真正賓語是"thattheAdvisersmustefromavarietyofbusinessoccupations"。29.rewarded考查過去分詞。"rewarded"是過去分詞作后置定語，修飾"Sponsor"，表示"被獎勵"。根據(jù)原文句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語境判斷。30.考查介詞（attheexpense...），構(gòu)成介詞短語"atitsownexpense"，表示"以自己的費用"。根據(jù)原文句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語境判斷。SectionB（2021年上海春季高考）Directions:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouA.applaudingB.entrylevelC.struckD.fascinationE.backsealF.stuckG.standH.promoterI.hookJ.dominantK.empoweredThenatureispartofus.Therefore,itholdsamysterious(31)__________forme.Inmymemory,thevalleywasquietandcalm,onlytoseethewheatalloverthemountainswavingtogetherinrhythmwhenthewindblewthrough,likeaballettroupe.Thesunroseeverymorningasusual,sweepingacrossthevalleyandultimatelyfallingbehindthepeaks.Thesnowthatfallsinwinteralwaysmeltsinspring,bringingnewhopetothisnaturewhereeverythingwaspleasantandbeautiful.Ledbyfate,Ihavebecameanenvironmentalistandhadthehonorofbeinginvitedtoaddressstudentsaboutmygreenlifestyleforalongtime.Thestudentsweresurprisedatmylifestyleandmaybetheythoughtmylifestylewasnolongersuitableformodernlife.Fortunately,theywerestilllistenedtowholelecture,salutingor(32)_________metosomeextenttheapplauseimpliedtheirencouragementtome.sIbegantointeractwiththemunderthestage,Iwas(33)__________bykids'lackofknowledgeofnaturesothattheyhadlittleknowledgeofprotectingenvironment.Aftertheaddress,Iputupastandinthe(34)__________offeringgreenfood,hopingtheminterestedinittogetthe(35)____________experiencingafirsthandfeelingofthegreenlifestylenooneshowsanyinterestin.SoIdecidedtoteamupwiththeconcert(36)__________torunacampaign:“anyonewhocananswera(n)(37)__________environmentalquestionisqualifiedtoattendtheconcert.Soonthemusiccan(38)___________theminghere”.Sincethen,IhavebeenconsideringwhykidstodaydonothavethesamedeepappreciationfornaturethatIdo.Oneofthesignificantfactorsmaybethattheformerruralcivilizationhasbeenreplacedbytheurbancivilization.Inthepast,thepoorplayedthe(39)_________roleinthenature,sotheyclearedthewasteland,plantedcropsandreproducedcivilization.Withthemassiveinvasionofindustrializationandurbanization,peoplewereforcedtomoveawayfromnature.Thestrugglebetweentraditionandmodernity,theconfrontationbetweenhumansandnaturehasledpeopletobelievethattheyarethemastersoftheuniverse.Isthisreallythecase?Itistimetothinkaboutwho(40)_________ustodestroynature.【答案】【導(dǎo)讀】這篇文章講述了作者對大自然的迷戀和環(huán)保生活方式的分享。作者提到自己是一個環(huán)保主義者，曾被邀請向?qū)W生們演講自己的綠色生活方式。演講后，作者在展臺上擺放了一些綠色食品，希望引起學(xué)生們的興趣，并且與音樂促銷人員合作舉辦活動，通過回答環(huán)保問題來參加音樂會。作者還思考了當(dāng)代孩子們?yōu)槭裁床幌褡约阂粯由類鄞笞匀?，認為城市文明取代了農(nóng)村文明，人們與自然的關(guān)系發(fā)生了變化。【解析】31.D[解析]根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處應(yīng)該填入名詞。而且結(jié)合下文中的景色描寫以及whereeverythingwaspleasantandbeautiful可知，此處句意為“因此，它對我有一種神秘的吸引力(fascination)”，故選D。32.A[解析]根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處or連接兩個動詞，應(yīng)該填入動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。而且根據(jù)下文tosomeextenttheapplauseimpliedtheirencouragementtome的提示，可知，此處句意為“幸運的是，他們?nèi)匀宦犃苏麄€講座，在某種程度上向我致敬或鼓掌(applauding)”，根據(jù)上下文可以推斷出，學(xué)生們在演講結(jié)束后向作者鼓掌(applauding)或歡呼，表示對作者的鼓勵和支持。故選A。33.C[解析]根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處為被動語態(tài)，需要填入動詞的過去分詞形式。而且根據(jù)上文可知作者是一個環(huán)保主義者，又根據(jù)下文theyhadlittleknowledgeofprotectingenvironment提示，此處句意為“被孩子們?nèi)狈ΡＷo自然的知識所震驚(bestruckby)”，故此處考查的是固定搭配bestruckby被...所侵襲被...所觸動;被...所迷惑，故選C。34.E[解析]結(jié)合上文可知，作者做了一場關(guān)于環(huán)保的演講，而且根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處應(yīng)該填入名詞，故可推測，作者是在演講場地設(shè)置的攤位，故此處句意最有可能是“演講結(jié)束后，我在后座(backseat)設(shè)立了一個展臺”，故選E。35.G[解析]結(jié)合上文作者設(shè)置了一個展臺，可知此處講述的還是同一件事情故可推知，此處句意為“希望對它感興趣的學(xué)生能夠在展臺(stand)上親身體驗”故選G。36.H[解析]根據(jù)下文中的"teamupwiththeconcert"可以推斷出，作者與音樂促銷人員(promoter)合作舉辦活動，通過回答環(huán)保問題來參加音樂會。此處應(yīng)該是音樂會的相關(guān)負責(zé)人與作者一起舉辦了活動，故可推知此處句意為“作者決定與音樂會發(fā)起人(promoter)合作開展一項活動”，故選H。37.B[解析]根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處應(yīng)該填入修飾詞，及對環(huán)境問題的修飾詞,故此處句意為“任何能回答入門級(entrylevel)環(huán)境問題的人都有資格參加音樂會”，故選B。38.I[解析]根據(jù)上下文中的"themusiccan(38)___________theminghere"可以推斷出，音樂可以吸引他們前來，引起他們的興趣(hook)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，此處缺少動詞，而且根據(jù)上文提及的音樂會活動可知，此處句意為“很快音樂就把他們吸引(hook)到這里來了”，故選I。39.J[解析]根據(jù)固定搭配可知，此處應(yīng)填入一個形容詞,而且根據(jù)上一句Theonceruralcivilizationhasbeenreplacedbytheurbancivilization可知句意，在過去農(nóng)村文明中，貧困人口扮演著(39)_________的角色，清理荒地、種植農(nóng)作物并傳承文明。這里表示貧困人口在農(nóng)村文明中扮演的重要角色。此處想要表達的是“在過去，窮人在大自然中起著主導(dǎo)(dominant)作用”，故選J。40.K[解析]根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處為定語從句，定語從句中缺少謂語動，而且結(jié)合上文作者提及的工業(yè)化和城市化帶來的變化，根據(jù)上下文可以推斷出，作者認為人們應(yīng)該思考是誰賦予了他們權(quán)力(empowered)去破壞大自然。這里表示人們對自然的毀滅是被授權(quán)的。由此可推知，此處句意頭是時候想想是誰賦予了(empowered)我們破壞自然的力量了”，故選K。III.Readingprehension(共45分。4145每題1分；5670每題2分)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext（2018年上海春季高考）Humanshatemarkedlytogiveworkersmorethantheydeserve,andindeedmanywillsettleforlesstopensateworkeequitably.Butisthisimpulse___41___?Perhapsnot,sayspsychologicalscientistMarieSch?ferinGermany.AccordingtoSch?fer,nobodyhaseverlookedathowyoungchildrenfromdifferent___42___thinkaboutmeritwhensharingrewards.Thereisreasontosuspectthatmeritocracy（英才教育）maybemoreofaWesternconceptandvalue,sosheandseveralcolleaguesdecidedtoputthistothetest,studyingthe___43___

ofchildren,fourto11yearsold,inthreedifferentcultures.Theideawastotesthowmuchthechildrenvaluedmerit.Soeachchildwasgivenanumberofsweetsequaltothetotalnumberoffishinthecatch,andwastoldtodistributethesweetsanywayheorshewanted—withoutadultsintheroomtoinfluencethem.Iftheyvaluedmerit,childrenshould___44___thesweetsaccordingtosharesofthecatch.Thatis,iftheyhadlandedthesamenumberoffish,theywouldchoosetorewardeachone___45___,butifonefaredmuchbetteratfishing,rewardswouldalsobedisproportionate.Inthecasewheretheyweresimplygiventhefish,rewardsshouldbeunrelatedtocatchsize—sincenoeffortwasinvolved.Culture___46___.That’sthemainfindingamongmanyfromthestudy,asdescribedinaforthingissueofthejournal

PsychologicalScience.TheGermanchildrendistributedthespoilsofthedaypreciselyinproportionto___47___,evenwhenthismeantaveryunbalanceddistributionofrewards.Bycontrast,childrenfromthetworuralAfricansocietiesbarelytookmeritintoconsiderationatall.Thesefindingssuggestthatthebasicnotionofmeritanddistributivejusticeisfarfromuniversalinourspecies,andthat___48___isculturallydefined.Butwhy?Thescientistsoffersome___49___onthis.ItcouldbethatinlargescalesocietieslikeGermany,ameritocracyis___50___forregulatingtransactionsbetweenpeoplewhodon’tknoweachotherandmaynotinteractagain.Thefocusisonequitableinteractions,becausethingswon’tbe“evenedout”inthefuture.Insmallscalesocieties,

___51___

mostexchangestakeplacebetweenpeoplewhoare___52___withoneanother.Itmaybemoreimportantinsuchsocietiestobuildlongtermrelationshipsbasedonequity—ratherthantoinsistonequityinasingletransaction.

Inegalitarianforagersocieties,suchastheHaillom,___53___isanimportantlevelingmechanism,___54___asymmetriesinwealthandincreasingharmony.Childrenmayinternalizethesesocialvaluesearlyon,andapplythemevenwhenthefishingtripis___55___.C.stressC.

equallyC.

matters47.A.

productivityawordB.inadditionC.bycontrastD.what’smoreeriencing【答案】【導(dǎo)讀】本文講述了心理學(xué)家Sch?fer和她的同事對三種不同文化背景下兒童對公正分配獎勵的看法進行研究。他們讓每個孩子根據(jù)自己捕撈到的魚的數(shù)量自由分配糖果。如果孩子們真的重視功績，他們就應(yīng)該根據(jù)收獲量分配糖果。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，德國的孩子分配戰(zhàn)利品非常公正，而來自非洲農(nóng)村社區(qū)的孩子很少考慮功績因素。這表明功績和分配公正的基本概念并非我們物種普遍共有的，而是文化定義的。科學(xué)家們?yōu)榇颂岢鲆恍┘僭O(shè)，比如在像德國這樣的大型社會中，英才教育更有必要用于調(diào)節(jié)陌生人之間的交易，因為未來無法彌補不公；而在小型社會中，人們之間的大多數(shù)交易都是互相熟悉的，因此更重要的是建立基于公平的長期關(guān)系，而不是在單筆交易中堅持公平。最后，作者指出，對于像Haillom這樣的平等采集者社會，分享是一種重要的平衡機制，有助于消除財富的不對稱性，增加和諧?！驹斀狻緽【解析】根據(jù)句意這樣沖動的行為是普遍的嗎？故選B。unblocked非封鎖；暢通；universal普遍（存在）的，全體的；宇宙的;unconscious不省人事的；無意識的；未覺察的；潛意識的;unique唯一的；獨特的。42.A【解析】根據(jù)下文inthreedifferentcultures可知，應(yīng)填cultures。cultures文化:cases案件:panies公司:aspects各方面。43.B【解析】根據(jù)下文可知是研究兒童的行為mood情緒:behavior行為:emotion情緒;habit習(xí)慣。44.D【解析】根據(jù)句意如果孩子們重視價值，他們就應(yīng)該按照獲物的份額分配糖果。collect收取:load負荷;stress壓力:distribute分發(fā)。45.C【解析】根據(jù)句意:如果他們找到了相同數(shù)量的糖果，他們會獎勵每個人相等的糖果。really真的:deliberately故意:equally平等:happily高興地。46.C【解析】根據(jù)上下文文意可知，應(yīng)為文化問題。Scene現(xiàn)場;Object目標tCulture文化:Trend趨勢。47.A【解析】根據(jù)句意得德國的孩子們根據(jù)按勞分配，這就意味著獎勵分配非常不平衡。productivity生產(chǎn)力:benefit福利:interest利息;survey調(diào)查。48.D【解析】根據(jù)前文可知公平只是文化上的定義，在現(xiàn)實生活中并不是這樣的。tiredness疲勞:business業(yè)務(wù):thickness厚度:Fairness公平。49.B【解析】根據(jù)下文可知，本句應(yīng)為科學(xué)家們對此提出了一些看法。feelings感覺:thoughts看法;lives生命:emotions情緒。50.D【解析】根據(jù)句意:它可能是在像德國這樣的大規(guī)模社會中，精英統(tǒng)治對于調(diào)節(jié)不認識對方的人之間的交易是很重要的，也可能不會再進行互動?？芍獞?yīng)填重要的。useful有用的:major主要的:small小的:important重要的。51.C【解析】與前文傲對比，故填bycontrast相比較之下。inaword總而言之inaddition此外;bycontrast相比之下:what'smore更重要的是。52.A【解析】根據(jù)上文可知，本句句意為:相比之下，在小規(guī)模社會中，大多數(shù)交流是在彼此熟悉的人之間進行的。familiar熟悉的;delighted高興的:satisfied滿意的:same相同的。53.D【解析】根據(jù)上文可知,分享是一種重嬰的水準機制。故填erating合作;smile微笑:equal相等:share分享。54.C【解析】根據(jù)上下文可知平衡財富不對稱和促進和諧也是重要的。forcing強迫;judge審判;balance平衡。55.B【解析】根據(jù)前文可知，這只是假象的釣魚之旅，故選B，creative創(chuàng)造性的；imaginary想象中的；虛構(gòu)的；innovative革新的；創(chuàng)新的；logic邏輯性的。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（2019年上海春季高考）Ibelievethat,asadoctor,Ishouldalwaysgetablanketformypatientswhoneedone.YesIknowthereareotherpeoplewhocandothis.Icanaskanurseoranorderlytodoit,butIbelievethatIshoulddoit.Soseveraltimesaday,whileworkinginouremergencydepartment,Ileavemypatient’sbedside,getthemanicewarmblanket andcoverthemup,beforecontinuingonmyday.WhichbringsmebacktowhyIbelieveIshouldoffertobringmypatientsablanket.Tomeitisthefirststepinmunicatingtothepersonthatmypriorityishisorherfort,bothphysicalandemotional.Itisasimpleactthatacknowledgesmydesiretomeettheirbasicneedsasapatient.ItmaybeanoverusedexpressionbutIwanttotreatmypatientsthewayIwouldwantmyfamilymemberstakencareof.ThisbehaviorwasalsomodeledformewhenIwasapatient.ShortlyaftercollegeIwasinvolvedinaseriousaccidentwhileworkinginanambulanceasavolunteer.TheshortstoryisthatIbrokemyfemur(大腿骨),thelargeboneinmythigh,andmyrecoveryrequiredatotaloffoursurgeriesoverayearorso.Thesurgeonwhoperformedthelastthreeoperationsusuallydidhisroundslateatnight.HewasabrilliantandtalentedsurgeonwhoremindedmeinappearanceofachainsmokingEinstein.Hewouldaskaboutmypainandmymentalstate,butwhatIremembermostishisofferingtobringmeFrenchfriesthenexttimehevisited.Ifeltthathecaredaboutmeand,moreimportantly,understoodwhatIwasgoingthrough.Heconnectedwithme,andItrustedandobeyedeverythinghetoldmetodo.Gettingablanketandplacingitonmypatientis,intheend,acheckandbalanceforme.Ihavethepowertoorderhundredsoftestsandtreatments.Istrivetoalwaysberight(oratleastneverwrong).Andonnotsorareoccasions,Ihelpsavealife.Butintheend,ifIhavenotmadethatconnectionwithmypatient,ifIhavenotshownthemIunderstandtheirneeds,thenIhavefailedthemasaphysicianandasaperson.56. Whichoneisnotthereasonwhythedoctorprovidesablanket?A.Tobuildaconnectionwithhispatients.B.Tomeetthebasicneedsofhispatients.C.Tomakehispatientfeelfortable.D.Tomakehispatientslovehim.57. Thepurposeofthatstoryistoshow________.A.thedoctoralsogotablanketforhispatientB.thedoctorbroughtFrenchfriestohispatientsC.thedoctorusuallydidhisroundslateatnightD.thedoctorcaredabouthispatientsandunderstoodthem58. Theauthorthinks________isthebasicforaphysician.A.beingrightinhisoperationsB.orderinghundredsoftestsandtreatmentsC.helpingtosavealifeD.showinghisunderstandingtomeetpatients’needs59. Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.howtobuildaconnectionwithpatientsB.theinsignificanceofcaringaboutpatientsC.thenecessityofcaringaboutpatientsD.howtocareaboutpatients【答案】56.D57.D58.D59.A【導(dǎo)讀】作者是一名醫(yī)生，在工作時經(jīng)常為需要毛毯的病人取毛毯。盡管其他人也可以做這件事，但作者認為這是自己應(yīng)該做的。作者認為這是與病人溝通的第一步，表明自己的優(yōu)先考慮是病人的舒適度，無論是身體上還是情感上的。通過這種簡單的行為，作者認為自己可以滿足病人的基本需求，并且以自己想要家人受到照顧的方式對待病人。作者在經(jīng)歷過自己成為病人的經(jīng)歷后，更加堅信這種態(tài)度的重要性。同時，作者認為這種行為也是對自己的一種提醒和平衡，即使在醫(yī)生可以下達眾多檢測和治療命令的時候，也要關(guān)注病人的個體需求，從而做到真正地關(guān)愛病人。【解析】56.D【解析】解析根據(jù)第二段中"Tomeitisthefirststepinmunicatingtothepersonthatmypriorityishisorherfort,bothphysicalandemotional.”可知,醫(yī)生提供毯子的原因是與病人進行交流的第一步，故選D。57D【解析】根據(jù)第三四段，結(jié)合全文，作者引用自身經(jīng)歷來論證外科醫(yī)生的行為對其作為病人所產(chǎn)生的重要影響，及對其做出類似關(guān)懷舉動的引導(dǎo)作用，D選項強調(diào)患者信任醫(yī)生的重要性并不是例子主要想體現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容，故選D。58.D【解析】根據(jù)最后一段中“Butintheend,iflhavenotmadethatconnectionwithmypatient,iflhavenotshownthemlunderstandtheirneeds,thenIhavefailedthemasaphysicianandasaperson."可知，作為一個醫(yī)生，應(yīng)該從心理上理解和言語上呵護病人，這種照料才是醫(yī)生應(yīng)該具備的品質(zhì)。故選D。59.A【解析】根據(jù)文章中“Tomeitisthefirststepinmunicatingtothepersonthatmypriorityishisorherfort,bothphysicalandemotional.”可知作者在強調(diào)要發(fā)自內(nèi)心的關(guān)心和理解病人，故選A。(B)（2018年上海春季高考）WhyUPSTrucks(Almost)NeverTurnLeftByfavoringrighthandturnsatalltimesunlessaleftisunavoidablethecarriersavesmillionsofgallonsoffueleachyear,andavoidsemissionsequivalenttoover20,000passengercars.Thepracticestarteddecadesago,beforeputersandGPS,andisnowmanagedbysoftwarethatconjuresthemostefficientrouteforeachtruck.What'swrongwithturningleft?Lefthandturnsaregenerallyconsideredunsafeandwastefulonrighthanddrivingroads,suchasthoseintheUS.“Leftturningtraffictypicallyhastoturnagainstaflowofoningvehicles.”explainsTomVanderbilt,authorofthebook“Traffic:Whywedrivethewaywedo."“Thiscannotonlybedangerous,butmakestrafficbuildup.unlessyouinstalladedicatedlefttun‘phase’,whichisfinebutbasicallyadds30or45secondstoeveryoneelse’ssingletime,"hesaid.A\t"://editionn/2017/02/16/world/upstrucksnoleftturns/_blank"studyoncrashfactorsinintersectionrelatedaccidentsfromtheUSNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAssociationshowsthatturningleftisoneoftheleading"criticalprecrashevents"(aneventthatmadeacollisioninevitable),occurringin22.2percentofcrashes,asopposedto1.2percentforrightturns.About61percentofcrashesthatoccurwhileturningorcrossinganintersectioninvolveleftturns,asopposedtojust3.1percentinvolvingrightturns.Leftturnsarealsothreetimesmorelikelytokillpedestriansthanrightones,accordingto\t"://editionn/2017/02/16/world/upstrucksnoleftturns/_blank"datacollectedbyNewYorkCity'stransportationplanners.Therightwaytosavefuel"Alefthandturnisalsolessfuelefficient,"saidJackLevis,UPSSeniorDirectorofProcessManagement,"becauseyourcar'sidlinglonger,whichisalsonotgoodforyourvehicle."UPSdoesnotbanleftturnsoutright,saysLevis:"Wewillmakelefthandturns,butnotonesthatareunnecessary.Wedon'tneedtogoincirclesalldaylongbymakingonlyrighthandturns.Wehavetoolsanalyzethenumberoflefthandturnsforeachroute,andwecanworkoutwhichonesareavoidable."Therule,saysLevis,canalsobeappliedtolefthanddrivingcountries,suchasAustraliaandtheUK,whereitdiscouragesrighthandturnsandtheprocedureisnowincorporatedinmostcountriesaroundtheworld.（）HowmuchresourcescanUPStruckssavebyavoidingturningleft?A.UPStruckswillconsumemillionsofgallonsoffuel.B.TheemissionofUPStrucksisequivalenttothatofover2000passengercars.C.UPStrucksestimatetosave100,000metrictonsofCO2,emissionayear.D.UPStrucksestimateanincreaseof6to8milesperroute.61.InTomVanderbilt'sView,howtoDealwiththeLeftTurnProblemintheUnitedStates?A.Installadedicatedlefttunphase.B.Trafficplannersmanageroadconditions.C.Operatorsmaketheirowntrafficmaps.D.Nationalpolicyencourageslefttumofvehicles.62.WhichofthefollowingoptionsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.It'sunsafetoturnleftonrighthanddrivingroads.B.Turningleftisresourceefficientonrighthanddrivingroads.C.Leftturningislikelytocausetrafficaccidents.D.Lefttumisdiscouragedinallcountries.【答案】60.C61.A62.D【導(dǎo)讀】UPS卡車幾乎不左轉(zhuǎn)是為了安全和節(jié)能考慮。左轉(zhuǎn)在右側(cè)通行的國家被認為不安全，容易導(dǎo)致交通事故和擁堵。此舉使得UPS每年可以節(jié)省大量燃料，并減少排放量。該規(guī)定在全球范圍內(nèi)得到應(yīng)用，并適用于左側(cè)通行的國家。【詳解】60.C【解析】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段中Byfavoringrighthandtumsatalltimesunlessaleftisunavoidablethecarriersavesmillionsofgallonsoffueleachyear,andavoidsemissionsequivalenttoover20,000passengercan“可知A.B兩項表述錯誤，且結(jié)合文章圖片表述，C項正確，D項錯誤，故選C。61.A【解折】考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章中表述Thiscannotonlybedangerous,butmakestrafficbuildup,unlessyouinstalladedicatedleftturn‘phase’可知，限國姆范德比爾認為解決左轉(zhuǎn)問題需要安裝一個專門左轉(zhuǎn)向，故選A。62D【解析】考查細節(jié)理解，根據(jù)文章中“Therule,saysLevis,canalsobeappliedtolefthanddrivingcountries,suchasAustraliaandtheUK,whereitdiscouragesrighthandturns可知，不是所有國家都不鼓勵左轉(zhuǎn)，只是在右側(cè)駕駛的國家而己闡述錯誤，故選D。(C)（2019年上海春季高考）Everythingaboutnuclearenergyseemsterrificallybig:thecost,constructionanddemissioning—andthefearsofsomethinggoingbadlywrong.Thefuture,howevermaywellbemuchsmaller.Dozensofpaniesareworkingonanewgenerationofreactorsthat,theypromise,candelivernuclearpoweratlowercostandreducedrisk.Thesesmallscaleplantswillonaveragegeneratebetween50MWand300MWofpowerparedwiththe1,000MWplusfromaconventionalreactor.Theywilldrawonmodularmanufacturingtechniquesthatwillreduceconstructionrisk,whichhasplaguedlargerscaleprojects.Supportersbelievetheseadvancedmodularreactors(AMRs)—mostofwhichwillnotbemercialuntilthe2030s—arecriticalifatomicpoweristopeteagainsttherapidlyfallingcostsofsolarandwind.“Thephysicshasn’tchanged.It’saboutmuchclevererdesignthatoffersmuchneededflexibilityintermsofoperation,”saidTimStone,longtermindustryadviserandchairmanofNuclearriskInsurers,whichinsuresnuclearsitesintheUK.SincetheFukushimameltdowninJapanin2011,safetyfearshavethreatenednuclearpower.Butthebiggestobstacletodayiseconomic.InwesternEurope,justthreeplantsareunderconstruction:intheUKatHinkleypointCinSomerset;atFlamanvilleinFrance;andatOlkiluotoinFinland.AllinvolvetheEuropeanPressurizedReactortechnologyofEDFthatwillbeusedatHinkleyPoint.Allarerunningyearslateandoverbudget.IntheUS,thefirsttwonuclearprojectsunderwayforthepast30yearsarealsoblowingthroughcostestimates.TheUK,whichopenedtheworld’sfirstmercialnuclearreactorin1956,isoneofthefewwesternnationsmittedtorenewingitsageingfleettoensureenergysecurityandmeettoughcarbonreductiontargets.Itisseenasaprovingground,bymanyintheindustry,ofnuclearpower’sabilitytorestoreconfidence.However,thecountry’sagreementwithEDFtobuildtwounitsatHinkleyPoint—whichtogetherwillgenerate3.2GWofelectricity—haseunderseverecriticismoveritscost.Thegovernmentislookingatdifferentfundingmodelsbutsaiditstillseesnuclearpowerasvitaltothecountry’sfutureenergymix.Smallreactors,itbelieves,havethepotentialtogeneratemuchneededpowerfromthe2030s