山東省滕州市滕東中學2023-2024學年上學期七年級數(shù)學期末模擬試卷

2023級高一英語第二階段練習（總分150分，考試時間120分鐘）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一個小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whathasthemanboughtforhiswife?A.Tennisshoes.B.Nothing.C.Apieceofart.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Takeabus.B.Parkhercar.C.Findataxi.3.Whatwillthemandoifitrainstomorrow?A.Stayathome.B.Seeamovie.C.Watchagame.4.WhydidTedgetaticket?A.Hedroveoverthespeedlimit.B.Heparkedhiscarinthewrongplace.C.Hedrovethewrongwaydownaone-waystreet.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout？A.Doingaproject.B.Playingasport.C.Joiningateam.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答6—7小題。6.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Changethereservation.B.Handlethecheck-outs.C.Providearoom.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Checkintothehotel.B.Stayinthebar.C.Leavewithherfriends.聽下面一段對話，回答8—9小題。8.Whydoesthemancometothewoman?A.Torepairacomputer.B.Tobuyacomputer.C.Toreturnacomputer.9.Whencanthemancontactatechnicianonthewebsite?A.From8:00a.m.to8:00p.m.B.From8:00a.m.to10:00p.m.C.From6:00p.m.to10:00p.m.更多課件教案等優(yōu)質(zhì)滋元可家威杏MXSJ663聽下面一段對話，回答10—12小題。10.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Shocked.B.Afraid.C.Angry.11.Whocouldthemanprobablybe?A.Adoctor.B.Apoliceman.C.Thewoman’sfriend.12.Whathasthewomanlost?A.Alocker.B.Aletter.C.Somemoney.聽下面一段對話，回答13—16小題。13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inacar.B.Athome.C.AtGrandma’shouse.14.WhatisGrandma’sspecialtyforThanksgiving?A.Roastchicken.B.Applepie.C.Friedfish.15.Howdoestheboysoundintheend?A.Excited.B.Surprised.C.Calm.16.Whatdoweknowabouttheboy’sdad?A.Hehasjustfinishedabusinesstrip.B.HewillgotoGrandma’shousebyhimself.C.HemadesomecornbreadforThanksgiving.聽下面一段獨白，回答17—20小題。17.Whereshouldthestudentswaitforthebus?A.Atthebusstop.B.Bytheschoolgate.C.Intheplayground.18.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthestudentsbring?A.Abrush.B.Apackedlunch.C.Adrink.19.Whatwillthestudentsdointheafternoon?A.Feedanimals.B.Playbaseball.C.Climbonawall.20.Whattimedoesschoolusuallyfinish?A.At3:20p.m.B.At3:30p.m.C.At4:15p.m.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將選項涂黑。ASomeunder-30travelersprefertogetaroundwithpeopletheirownage.Ifthat’syou,you’reintherightplace!FollowustoSouthAmericaandcoverallofthehighlights.StartLima,PeruFinishRiodeJaneiro,BrazilDestinationsArgentina,Bolivia,Brazil,Chile,PeruGroupsizeMin1,Max16Whyyou’lllovethistrip·WanderintheAmazonjungleatnight.Float(漂浮)downtheriver,keepinganeyeoutforthefrighteningeyesofjaguarsandcaimans.·TourthefloatingislandsofUrosonLakeTiticaca.Spendthenightunderthestarsinatraditionalislandvillage.·Whetheryoutrek(跋涉)theclassicIncaTrail,theIncaQuarryTrailortakethescenictrainroutetoMachuPicchu,trustus,thisisgoingtobeoneofthehighlightsofyourlife.·Don’tworry.Wewon’toccupyallofyourtime.You’llhaveplentyofopportunitytobouncearoundCusco,diggingdeepintothepocketsofIncahistory.·GotothestrangelywonderfulLaPaz,fromthewinesoftheWitches’MarkettothetastytreatsofMercadoLanza.·Everdreamtofwalkingonwater?Now’syourchance.ThesprawlingsaltlakesofBoliviaserveupspecialphotoopportunities.·TheIguazuFallsisontheborderbetweenArgentinaandBrazil,andyou’llbeabletoseeitfrombothsides.·RiodeJaneiroisagreatplacetoendthetrip.PartydownwiththelocalsandexperienceacultureatthebeatingheartofBrazil.1.WherecanthetouristslearnaboutIncahistory?A.InLima. B.InMachuPicchu. C.InCusco. D.InRiodeJaneiro.2.Whatisthetriplike?A.Relaxingandinteresting. B.Adventurousandexciting.C.Comfortableandrefreshing. D.Educationalandeconomical.3.Whichsitecanbeadmiredfromtwodifferentcountries?A.ThefloatingislandsofUros. B.TheIncaQuarryTrail.C.TheWitches’Market. D.TheIguazuFalls.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。主要介紹了一條去南美洲的青年旅行路線。1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第五段“You’llhaveplentyofopportunitytobouncearoundCusco,diggingdeepintothepocketsofIncahistory.(你將有很多機會在Cusco到處轉轉，深入挖掘印加歷史。)”可知，游客在Cusco可以了解印加歷史。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Whyyou’lllovethistrip部分中“·WanderintheAmazonjungleatnight.Float(漂浮)downtheriver,keepinganeyeoutforthefrighteningeyesofjaguarsandcaimans.(·晚上在亞馬遜叢林中漫步。順河而下，留意美洲虎和凱門鱷可怕的眼睛。)”以及“·Everdreamtofwalkingonwater?Now’syourchance.ThesprawlingsaltlakesofBoliviaserveupspecialphotoopportunities.(夢想過在水上行走嗎？現(xiàn)在是你的機會。玻利維亞廣闊的鹽湖提供了特殊的拍照機會。)”可推知，這次旅行冒險又刺激。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“·TheIguazuFallsisontheborderbetweenArgentinaandBrazil,andyou’llbeabletoseeitfrombothsides.(·伊瓜蘇瀑布位于阿根廷和巴西的邊境，你可以從兩邊都看到它。)”可知，伊瓜蘇瀑布可以從兩個不同的國家欣賞。故選D。BAnotherperson’senthusiasm—thestrongwishandinteresttodoeverything,waswhatsetmemovingtowardthesuccessIhaveachieved.Thatpersonwasmystepmother.IwasnineyearsoldwhensheenteredourhomeinthecountrysideofVirginia.Myfatherintroducedmetoherwiththesewords:“Iwouldlikeyoutomeetthefellowwhoiswellknownforbeingtheworstboyinthiscountyandwillprobablystartthrowingrocksatyounolaterthantomorrowmorning.”Mystepmotherwalkedovertome,raisedmyheadslightlyupward,andlookedatmerightintomyeyes.Thenshelookedatmyfatherandreplied,“Youarewrong.Thisisnottheworstboyatall,butthesmartestonewhohasn’tyetfoundawaytogiveouthisenthusiasm.”Thatstatementbeganafriendshipbetweenus.Noonehadevercalledmesmart,myfamilyandneighborshadbuiltmeupinmymindasabadboy.Mystepmotherchangedallthat.Shechangedmanythings.Shepersuadedmyfathertogotoadentalschool,fromwhichhegraduatedwithhonors.Shemovedourfamilyintothecountycentre,wheremyfather’scareercouldbemoresuccessfulandmybrotherandIcouldbebettereducated.WhenIturnedfourteen,sheboughtmeasecondhandtypewriterandtoldmethatshebelievedthatIcouldbecomeawriter.Iknewherenthusiasm,andIsawhowithadalreadyimprovedourlives.Iacceptedherbeliefandbegantowriteforlocalnewspapersandfinallyreachedthegoalshesetforme.Iwasn’ttheonlybeneficiary.Myfatherbecamethewealthiestmanintown.Mybrotherandstepbrothersbecameaphysician,adentist,alawyer,andacollegepresident.4.What’sthefollowingisrightbeforetheauthor’sstepmothercameintohislife?A.Peoplehadnoticedhiscleverness.B.Hisfatherhadbeenawayfromhomeforalongtime.C.Heknewhowtoshowhisenthusiasmproperly.D.Hewasconsideredarudeboywithwildbehaviors.5.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsabouttheauthor’sstepmotherisNOTright?A.Shepraisedhimfromthebottomofherheart.B.Shegavesomewritinglessonstohimathome.C.Shemovedthefamilyintothecentreofthecounty.D.Sheplannedthefutureforeachfamilymember.6.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“Iwasn’ttheonlybeneficiary”?A.Therewereotherboyswhobehavedasbadlyashedid.B.Hisstepmotherboughttypewritersforotherfamilymembers,too.C.Notonlyhebutalsohisfamilygainedfromhisstepmother’senthusiasm.D.Otherfamilymembers’enthusiasmhasgreateffectsonhisstepmother.7.Whichofthefollowingisbestthetitleofthepassage?A.Enthusiasm,aPowerforSuccess B.Enthusiasm,aChallengeforAllC.Enthusiasm,aGiftfrommyFather D.Enthusiasm,aTraditioninFamilies【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者一家因為繼母的熱情分別取得了成功，作者將自己的成功歸功與繼母?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Myfatherintroducedmetoherwiththesewords:“Iwouldlikeyoutomeetthefellowwhoiswellknownforbeingtheworstboyinthiscountyandwillprobablystartthrowingrocksatyounolaterthantomorrowmorning.”(父親把我介紹給她時說：“我想讓你見見這個家伙，他是這個縣里出了名的最壞的男孩，他可能最遲明天早上就會向你扔石頭?！?”可知，在作者的繼母進入他的生活之前，被認為是一個行為粗野的粗魯男孩。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thenshelookedatmyfatherandreplied,“Youarewrong.Thisisnottheworstboyatall,butthesmartestonewhohasn’tyetfoundawaytogiveouthisenthusiasm.”(然后她看著我父親，回答說；“你錯了。這根本不是最壞的孩子，而是最聰明的孩子，只是還沒有找到釋放自己熱情的方法?！?”；倒數(shù)第二段“Shepersuadedmyfathertogotoadentalschool,fromwhichhegraduatedwithhonors.Shemovedourfamilyintothecountycentre,wheremyfather’scareercouldbemoresuccessfulandmybrotherandIcouldbebettereducated.(她說服我父親去了一所牙科學校，他以優(yōu)異的成績畢業(yè)。她把我們家搬到了縣中心，在那里父親的事業(yè)可能會更成功，我和哥哥可以接受更好的教育)”以及最后一段“WhenIturnedfourteen,sheboughtmeasecondhandtypewriterandtoldmethatshebelievedthatIcouldbecomeawriter.(當我14歲時，她給我買了一臺二手打字機，并告訴我她相信我能成為一名作家)”和“Myfatherbecamethewealthiestmanintown.Mybrotherandstepbrothersbecameaphysician,adentist,alawyer,andacollegepresident.(我父親成了鎮(zhèn)上最富有的人。我的兄弟和繼兄弟分別當了醫(yī)生、牙醫(yī)、律師和大學校長)”可知，A選項“她從心底里表揚了他”、C選項“她把家搬到了縣城的中心”以及D選項“她為每個家庭成員計劃未來”文章都提到了，B選項沒有提及，故B選項“她在家給他上了一些寫作課”不正確。故選B?！?題詳解】句意猜測題。根據(jù)劃線句后文“Myfatherbecamethewealthiestmanintown.Mybrotherandstepbrothersbecameaphysician,adentist,alawyer,andacollegepresident.(我父親成了鎮(zhèn)上最富有的人。我的兄弟和繼兄弟分別當了醫(yī)生、牙醫(yī)、律師和大學校長)”可知，作者的家人都因為繼母的熱情而獲得了成功，故作者所說的“我不是唯一的受益者”意思是不僅作者，他的家人也都從他繼母的熱情中獲益。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Anotherperson’senthusiasm—thestrongwishandinteresttodoeverything,waswhatsetmemovingtowardthesuccessIhaveachieved.Thatpersonwasmystepmother.(另一個人的熱情——做任何事情的強烈愿望和興趣，是我走向成功的力量。那個人就是我的繼母)”結合文章主要講述了作者一家因為繼母的熱情分別取得了成功，作者將自己的成功歸功與繼母?？芍?，A選項“熱情——一種成功的力量”最符合文章標題。故選A。CSouthAfricanscientistshavestartedworkingtowardonedayinjectingradioactivematerialintothehornsofrhinos(將放射性物質(zhì)注入犀牛角)tosavetheanimalsfrompoachers(偷獵者).Whileusingradioactivematerialsoundslikearadicalmeasure(激進措施),itistryingtodealwithanextremelyseriousproblem.Poachershavekilledtwo-thirdsofSouthAfrica’srhinosoverthepastyears.In2014alone,1,215SouthAfricanrhinoswerekilledbypoachers.Millionsofdollarsarespenteachyearonprotectingtheanimals,withlimitedsuccess:lastyear394deathswererecorded.Rhinohornsarehighlypopularinsomeillegal(非法的)markets,sellingforupto$100,000akilogram.Thebigquestionnowiswhetherornottherhinoswillsufferanypainorexperienceharmfulsideeffectsasaresultofinjectingsuchmaterialintotheirhorns.“Thisiswhatscientistsaretryingtoworkoutwithalotoftesting,”saidDrMitziKlein,theAustralia’sNuclearScienceandTechnologyOrganisation’s(ANSTO)scientist.“Themostimportantthingistoprotecttherhinoandtheenvironmentaroundthem,andnothurttherhinoonebit.”DrGuyCastleyfromGriffithUniversitysaidthatanyinjectionintothehornitselfwon’thurtbecausethehornismadeupofamaterialcalledkeratin,whichisthesameashumannailsandhair.“Thehornitselfdoesnothaveanynervesorbloodvessels(神經(jīng)或血管)insideit.Soit’snotlikelytocausetherhinoanydiscomfortorpain,”hesaid.DrCastleystressedthatit’stooearlytosayifradioactivematerialwillbeusedandDrKleinagreedthatradiationwon’tcomenearanyrhinountiltheydiscoverawaytoputtheradiationsafelyinthehorn“...sothatitdoesnotspreadtothebodyorhurtanythingintheenvironment.”“Weneedtoprotectrhinos,becausewe’reindangeroflosingthemforever.Ifwecanfindawaytosafelyputradiationinthehorns,itcouldendpoaching,becauseitwouldnolongerbesafeforpeopletousehornstomakemedicine,”DrKleinsaid.Sensorscouldalsobeusedtopickupradioactivematerialinthehorns,makingitharderforpoacherstosendthemtoothercountries.8.Whatistheauthormainlytalkingaboutinparagraph2?A.Poachingisundereffectivecontrol.B.Rhinosareinadangeroussituation.C.Theprotectionofrhinosisrathercostly.D.RhinosareverypopularinSouthAfrica.9.AccordingtoDrKlein,whyislotsoftestingneeded?A.Tofindoutwhatmakesuprhinohorns.B.Todecidewhichmedicineissuitableforrhinos.C.Toexaminewhethertheinjectionwillharmrhinos.D.Toshowthatrhinohornsareuselessintreatingillnesses.10.WhatisDrCastley’sattitudetowardusingradioactivematerial?A.Careful. B.Satisfied. C.Uncertain. D.Doubtful.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toreportaresearchresultonrhinos.B.Tointroduceapossiblewaytosaverhinos.C.Tostresstheimportanceofstoppingpoaching.D.Toexplaintheilleffectsofradioactivematerial.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。講述了南非科學家已經(jīng)開始研究有一天將放射性物質(zhì)注射到犀牛角中，以從偷獵者手中拯救動物。【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Whileusingradioactivematerialsoundslikearadicalmeasure(激進措施),itistryingtodealwithanextremelyseriousproblem.Poachershavekilledtwo-thirdsofSouthAfrica’srhinosoverthepastyears.In2014alone,1,215SouthAfricanrhinoswerekilledbypoachers.Millionsofdollarsarespenteachyearonprotectingtheanimals,withlimitedsuccess:lastyear394deathswererecorded.Rhinohornsarehighlypopularinsomeillegal(非法的)markets,sellingforupto$100,000akilogram.(雖然使用放射性物質(zhì)聽起來像是一種激進的措施，但它正試圖解決一個極其嚴重的問題。在過去的幾年里，偷獵者殺死了南非三分之二的犀牛。僅2014年一年，就有1215頭南非犀牛被偷獵者殺害。每年花費數(shù)百萬美元用于保護動物，但成效有限:去年有394人死亡。犀牛角在一些非法市場上非常受歡迎，每公斤售價高達10萬美元)”可知，第二段主要講了犀牛的處境很危險，故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thebigquestionnowiswhetherornottherhinoswillsufferanypainorexperienceharmfulsideeffectsasaresultofinjectingsuchmaterialintotheirhorns.“Thisiswhatscientistsaretryingtoworkoutwithalotoftesting,”saidDrMitziKlein,theAustralia’sNuclearScienceandTechnologyOrganisation’s(ANSTO)scientist.“Themostimportantthingistoprotecttherhinoandtheenvironmentaroundthem,andnothurttherhinoonebit.”(現(xiàn)在最大的問題是，將這種物質(zhì)注射到犀牛的角上，犀牛是否會感到疼痛或產(chǎn)生有害的副作用。澳大利亞核科學與技術組織(ANSTO)的科學家米齊·克萊因博士說：“這就是科學家們試圖通過大量測試來解決的問題?！薄白钪匾氖潜Ｗo犀牛和它們周圍的環(huán)境，不要傷害犀牛。”)”可知，根據(jù)克萊因博士的說法，為了檢查注射是否會傷害犀牛，所以需要大量的測試。故選C項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“DrCastleystressedthatit’stooearlytosayifradioactivematerialwillbeusedandDrKleinagreedthatradiationwon’tcomenearanyrhinountiltheydiscoverawaytoputtheradiationsafelyinthehorn(卡斯特利博士強調(diào)，現(xiàn)在說是否會使用放射性物質(zhì)還為時過早，克萊因博士同意，在他們找到一種將輻射安全放入犀牛角的方法之前，輻射不會接近任何犀牛)”可知，卡斯特利博士認為是否會使用放射性物質(zhì)還為時過早，所以他是小心的。故選A項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“SouthAfricanscientistshavestartedworkingtowardonedayinjectingradioactivematerialintothehornsofrhinostosavetheanimalsfrompoachers.(南非科學家已經(jīng)開始研究有一天將放射性物質(zhì)注射到犀牛角中，以從偷獵者手中拯救動物)”以及最后一段““Weneedtoprotectrhinos,becausewe’reindangeroflosingthemforever.Ifwecanfindawaytosafelyputradiationinthehorns,itcouldendpoaching,becauseitwouldnolongerbesafeforpeopletousehornstomakemedicine,”(“我們需要保護犀牛，因為我們有永遠失去它們的危險。如果我們能找到一種安全地將輻射放入犀角的方法，就可以結束偷獵，因為人們用犀角制藥將不再安全，”)”可知，本文主要目的是介紹一種可能拯救犀牛的方法。故選B項。DMyfatherdiedwhenIwasnine,andIrememberdoingthehouseholdchorestohelpmymother.Ihatedchangingthevacuumcleaner(真空吸塵器)bagandpickingupthingsthemachinedidnotsuckup.Twentyyearslater,in1978,Iwasdoingchoresathomealongsidemywife.Onedaythevacuumcleanerwasscreamingaway,andIhadtoemptythebagbecauseIcouldnotfindareplacementforit.Withthislifelonghatredofthewaythemachineworked,Idecidedtomakeabaglessvacuumcleaner.Easiersaidthandone,ofcourse.Ididn’trealizethatIwouldspendthenextfiveyearsperfectingmydesign,aprocessthatresultedin5,127differentprototypes(設計原型).BythetimeImademy15thprototype,mythirdchildwasborn.By2,627,mywifeandIwerereallycountingourpennies.By3,727,mywifewasgivingartlessonsforsomeextracash,andweweregettingfurtherandfurtherintodebt.Theseweretoughtimes,buteachfailurebroughtmeclosertosolvingtheproblem.Ijusthadapassionforthevacuumcleanerasaproduct,butIneverthoughtofgoingintoabusinesswithit.Intheearly1980s,Istartedtryingtogetlicensingagreements(許可協(xié)議)formytechnology.Therealitywasverydifferent,however.Themajorvacuummakershadbuiltabusinessmodelbasedontheprofitsfrombagsandfilters(濾網(wǎng)).Noonewouldlicensemyidea,notbecauseitwasabadone,butbecauseitwasbadforbusiness.Thatgavemethecouragetokeepgoing,butsoonafter,thecompaniesthatIhadtalkedwithstartedmakingmachineslikemine.IhadtofightlegalbattlesonbothsidesoftheAtlantictoprotectthepatentsonmyvacuumcleaner.However,Iwasstillinfinancialdifficultiesuntil1993,whenmybankmanagerpersonallypersuadedLloydsBanktolendme$1million.ThenIwasabletogointoproduction.Withintwoyears,theDysonvacuumcleanerbecameabest-sellerinBritain.Today,Istillembraceriskandthepotentialforfailureaspartoftheprocess.Nothingbeatstheexcitementofinvention.Gooutandbrainstormyourideas.Youarenotboundtoanyrules—infact,thestrangerandriskieryouridea,thebetter.12.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutJamesDysonisNOTtrue?A.Helosthisfatherduringhischildhoodandlivedwithhismother.B.Hedecidedtodevelopaninnovativevacuumcleanerforhiswifewhileinhisthirties.C.Hebuiltoverfivethousandprototypesofthevacuumcleanerbetween1978and1983.D.ThevacuumcleanerhereinventedbecamepopularwithBritishcustomersassoonasitarrivedonthemarket.13.Accordingtothearticle,Dyson’sbaglessvacuumcleanerwasproducedinlargenumbers_______A.inthecarly1980sB.beforeheobtainedapatentontheproductC.afterhisbankmanageragreedtolendhim$1millionD.afterhemanagedtogetaS1millionloan14.Itcanbeinferredfromthearticlethat_______.A.DysonwasabornbusinessmanB.Dyson'sinventionmighthaveendedupinfailurewithouthiswifeC.DysonhadnoconfidenceinhisvacuumcleanerinitiallyD.Dyson'svacuumcleanerwasneverrecognizedbyothervacuummakers15.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingwouldmostlikelybeDyson’smotto?AWeareallfailures—atleastthebestofusare.B.Thefoundationstonesforasuccessarehonesty,faith,loveandloyalty.C.Itisonlyinadventurethatsomepeoplesucceedinknowingthemselves.D.Thebravemanisnothewhodoesnotfeelafraid,buthewhoconquersthatfear.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章通過作者發(fā)明真空吸塵器的故事告訴我們“只有在冒險中，一些人才能成功地了解了自己?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Onedaythevacuumcleanerwasscreamingaway,andIhadtoemptythebagbecauseIcouldnotfindareplacementforit.Withthislifelonghatredofthewaythemachineworked,Idecidedtomakeabaglessvacuumcleaner.“有一天，吸塵器尖叫著離開了，我不得不清空袋子，因為我找不到替代品。帶著對這臺機器工作方式的終生憎恨，我決定制造一個無袋吸塵器?！庇纱丝芍?，“三十多歲時，他決定為妻子發(fā)明一種新型吸塵器?！钡倪@一說法是錯誤的。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段However,Iwasstillinfinancialdifficultiesuntil1993,whenmybankmanagerpersonallypersuadedLloydsBanktolendme$1million.“然而，直到1993年，我的銀行經(jīng)理親自說服勞埃德銀行借給我100萬美元，我才擺脫了財務困境?！庇纱丝芍?，戴森的無袋吸塵器是在他設法獲得了一筆一百三十萬美元的貸款后才大量生產(chǎn)的。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中By2,627,mywifeandIwerereallycountingourpennies.By3,727,mywifewasgivingartlessonsforsomeextracash,andweweregettingfurtherandfurtherintodebt.Theseweretoughtimes,buteachfailurebroughtmeclosertosolvingtheproblem.“到了2627個原型時，我和妻子真的開始精打細算了。到了3727個時，我妻子開始上美術課賺外快，我們的債務越來越多。這是艱難的時刻，但每一次失敗都讓我離解決問題更近了一步?！庇纱丝芍?，從文章中可以推斷，沒有戴森的妻子，戴森的發(fā)明可能會以失敗告終。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Today,Istillembraceriskandthepotentialforfailureaspartoftheprocess.Nothingbeatstheexcitementofinvention.Gooutandbrainstormyourideas.Youarenotboundtoanyrules—infact,thestrangerandriskieryouridea,thebetter.“今天，我仍然接受風險和潛在的失敗作為過程的一部分。沒有什么能比得上發(fā)明帶來的興奮。走出去，集思廣益你的想法。你不受任何規(guī)則的約束——事實上，你的想法越陌生越冒險越好?！庇纱丝芍?，“只有在冒險中，一些人才能成功地了解自己”可能是戴森的座右銘。故選C。第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Failureislikelythemosttiringexperienceoneeverhas.Thereisnothingmoreexhaustingthannotsucceeding.____16____Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseitwaseithertooboringortoodifficult.Andthelongerwedelayit,themoretiredwefeel.Suchstart-upfatigueisveryreal,evenifnotactuallyphysical,notsomethinginourmusclesandbones.____17____Yearsago,Iwasaskedtowrite102essaysonthegreatideasofsomefamousauthors.Applyingmyownrule,Ideterminedtowritethemalphabetically,neverlettingmyselfleaveoutatoughidea.AndIalwaysstartedtheday’sworkwiththemostdifficulttaskofessay-writing.Theexperienceprovedthattheruleworks.____18____Thoughwillingtogetstarted,wecannotseemtodothejobright.Itsdifficultiesappearsogreatthat,howeverhardwework,wefailagainandagain.Insuchasituation,IworkashardasIcanthenlettheunconsciousness(無意識)takeover.WhenplanningEncyclopediaBritannica,Ihadtocreateatableofcontentsbasedonthetopicsofitsarticles.Dayafterday,Ikeptcomingupwithsolutions,butnoneofthemworked._____19_____Oneday,mentallyexhausted,Itriedtoconvincemyselfthatthetroublewaswiththeproblemitself,notwithme.Relieved,Isatbackinaneasychairandfellasleep.____20____Intheweeksthatfollowed,thesolutionwhichhadcomeupinmyunconsciousmindprovedcorrectateverystep.ThoughIworkedashardasbefore,Ifeltnofatigue.Successwasnowasexcitingasfailurehadbeendepressing.Humanbeings,Ibelievemusttrytosucceed.Success,then,meansneverfeelingtired.A.Myfatiguebecamealmostunbearable.B.Ifeltdepressedandgaveitupeventually.C.Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.D.Useyourunconsciousnessandyoucanreduceyourtiredness.E.Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionclearlyinmind.F.Thesolutionisnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.G.Herearetwowaysofexhaustion——start-upfatigueandperformancefatigue.【答案】16.G17.F18.C19.A20.E【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。圍繞失敗、疲勞和成功的關系展開論述，以親身經(jīng)歷為例提出措施如何解決啟動疲勞和執(zhí)行疲勞?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thereisnothingmoreexhaustingthannotsucceeding.(沒有什么比不成功更累的了)”和下文“Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseitwaseithertooboringortoodifficult.(在前一種情況下，我們總是推遲一項任務，因為它要么太無聊，要么太難)”可知，空格處應指出疲憊感分為兩種情況，引出下文。選項G“Herearetwowaysofexhaustion——start-upfatigueandperformancefatigue.(由兩種方式的疲勞：啟動疲勞和執(zhí)行疲勞)”指出了兩種疲勞，符合語境。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseitwaseithertooboringortoodifficult.Andthelongerwedelayit,themoretiredwefeel.Suchstart-upfatigueisveryreal,evenifnotactuallyphysical,notsomethinginourmusclesandbones.(在前一種情況下，我們不斷推遲一項任務，因為它要么太無聊，要么太難。拖延得越久，我們就越覺得累。這種創(chuàng)業(yè)疲勞是非常真實的，即使不是身體上的，也不是肌肉和骨骼上的。)”可推知，我們會因為拖延太無聊、太難的工作而感到疲憊不堪。選項F“Thesolutionisnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.(這種解決方案是不容易采用的：總是先處理最困難的工作)”提出了一個解決這種情況的辦法，即先處理最困難的事，符合語境。故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Thoughwillingtogetstarted,wecannotseemtodothejobright.Itsdifficultiesappearsogreatthat,howeverhardwework,wefailagainandagain.”（雖然我們愿意開始，但似乎不能把工作做好。無論我們多么努力，它的困難都顯得如此之大，以致于我們一次又一次地失敗。）可知，此處講述另一種疲勞——表現(xiàn)疲勞。選項C意為“Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.(表現(xiàn)疲勞更難處理。)”符合本段段意，故選C。【19題詳解】上文“WhenplanningEncyclopediaBritannica,Ihadtocreateatableofcontentsbasedonthetopicsofitsarticles.Dayafterday,Ikeptcomingupwithsolutions,butnoneofthemworked.(在規(guī)劃《大英百科全書》時，我必須根據(jù)文章的主題創(chuàng)建一個目錄。日復一日，我不斷想出解決辦法，但沒有一個奏效。)”講述作者在做一項任務時，日復一日的想不出可行的辦法，選項A“Myfatiguebecamealmostunbearable.(我的疲勞幾乎無法忍受。)”承接上文，總是想不出解決辦法，讓我疲憊不堪，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Oneday,mentallyexhausted,Itriedtoconvincemyselfthatthetroublewaswiththeproblemitself,notwithme.Relieved,Isatbackinaneasychairandfellasleep.(一天，我精疲力盡，試著說服自己，麻煩出在問題本身，而不是我。我松了一口氣，靠在安樂椅上睡著了。)”和下文“Intheweeksthatfollowed,thesolutionwhichhadcomeupinmyunconsciousmindandprovedcorrectateverystep.”（在接下來的幾個星期里，在我的潛意識里想出了解決辦法，而且每一步都證明是正確的。）可知，此空處講述的作者睡著了，如釋重負，醒來有了解決辦法，選項E“Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionclearlyinmind.(一個小時后，我突然醒來，腦海中清晰地浮現(xiàn)出解決方案。)”承上啟下，躺在安樂椅上睡著了，醒來之后，有了解決的方法，故選E。第三部分：語言運用（共四節(jié)，滿分55分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!Itspeaks___21___thanwords.Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmore___22___thanwerealize.Infact,non-verbalcommunicationtakesupabout50%ofwhatwereally___23___.Andbodylanguageisparticularly___24___whenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures.Indeed,whatiscalledbodylanguageisso___25___apartofusthatit'sactuallyoftenunnoticed.Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.Forexample,differentsocietiestreatthe___26___betweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving___27___contactevenwithfriends,andcertainlynotwithstrangers.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries,___28___,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it’spossiblethatin____29____,itmaylooklikeaLatinois_____30_____aNorwegianallovertheroom.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmoving_____31_____.TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeepbackingaway—whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardascoldness.Clearly,agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeople_____32_____Andonlyapartofitisinthewordsthemselves.Andwhenpartiesarefromdifferentcultures,there’sastrongpossibilityof_____33_____.Butwhateverthesituation,thebest_____34_____istoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobe_____35_____.21.A.straighter B.louder C.harder D.further22.A.sounds B.invitations C.feeling D.messages23.A.hope B.receive C.discover D.mean24.A.immediate B.misleading C.important D.difficult25.A.well B.far C.much D.long26.A.trade B.distance C.connections D.greetings27.A.eye B.verbal C.bodily D.telephone28.A.inotherwords B.ontheotherhand C.inasimilarway D.byallmeans29.A.trouble B.conversation C.silence D.experiment30.A.disturbing B.helping C.guiding D.following31.A.closer B.faster C.in D.away32.A.talk B.travel C.laugh D.think33.A.curiosity B.excitement C.misunderstandin