2022年12月大學英語四級考試模擬（二）

精品文檔-下載后可編輯年12月大學英語四級考試模擬（二）2022年12月大學英語四級考試模擬（二）

一、問答題（共12題，共120分）

1.PartIReadingComprehensionPassage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:InWashingtonD.C.,1600PennsylvaniaAvenueisaveryspecialaddress.ItistheaddressoftheWhiteHouse,thehomeofthepresidentoftheUnitedStates.OriginallytheWhiteHousewasgrayandwascalledthePresidentialPalace.Itwasbuiltfrom1792to1800.atthistime,thecityofWashingtonitselfwasbeingbuilt;itwastobethenation’snewcapitalcity.GeorgeWashington,thefirstpresident,andPierreCharlesL’Enfant,aFrenchengineer,chosetheplaceforthenewcity.L’Enfantthenplannedtheycity.Thepresident’shomewasanimportantpartoftheplan.Acontestwasheldtopickadesignforthepresident’shome.AnarchitectnamedJamesHobanwon.Hedesignedalargethree-storyhouseofgraystone.PresidentWashingtonneverlivedinthePresidentPalace.ThefirstpresidenttolivetherewasJohnAdams,thesecondpresidentoftheUnitedStates,andhiswifeMrs.Adamsdidnotreallylikehewnewhouse.Inherletters,sheoftencomplainedaboutthecold.Fiftyfireplaceswerenotenoughtokeepthehousewarm!In1812theUnitedStatesandBritainwenttowar.In1814theBritishinvadedWashington.Theuburnedmanybuildings,includingthePresidentialPalace.AfterthewarJamesHoban,theoriginalarchitect,partiallyrebuiltthepresident’shomes.Tocoverthemarksofthefire,thebuildingwaspaintedwhite.BeforelongitbecameknownastheWhiteHouse.TheWhiteHouseisoneofthemostpopulartouristattractionsintheUnitedStates.Everyyearmorethan1.5millionvisitorsgothroughthefiveroomsthatareopentothepublic.1.TheWhiteHousewasbuiltinWashington.A.becauseaFrenchengineerwasinvitedtodesignitB.becausePresidentGeorgeWashingtonlikedtoliveinitC.becausetheBritishinvaderslivedinitin1812-1814D.becauseitwastobethenation’scapitalcity2.ThePresidentialPalacewas.A.paintedgrayandwhiteB.madeofgraystoneC.madeofwhitestoneD.madeverywarminwinter3.Thepresident’shomeandthecityofWashingtonwere.A.builtbytheAmericanarmyB.builtbytheBritishtroopsC.plannedbyGeorgeWashingtonD.plannedbytheFrench4.Theoriginalhomeofthepresidentneededtoberebuilt.A.becauseJohnAdam’swifedidnotlikeitB.becauseitwascoldinwinterevenwith50fireplacesC.becauseithadburneddownduringthewarD.becauseGeorgeWashingtonwasnotwillingtoliveinit5.Thenewpresidentialhomewaspaintedwhiteto.A.coverthemarksoffireB.attracttouristfromFranceC.topleaseMrs.JohnAdamsD.keepitwarminwinter

2.Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Therearetwokindsofmemory:shot-termandlong-term.Informationinlong-termmemorycanberememberedatalatertimewhenitisneeded.Theinformationmaybekeptfordaysorweeks.However,informationoverandover.Thefollowingexperimentshowshowshort-termmemoryhasbeenstudied.HenningstudiedhowstudentswhoarelearningEnglishasasecondlanguageremembervocabulary.Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegestudents.TheyrepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:beginning,intermediate,andnative-speakingstudents.Tobegin,thesubjectslistenedtoarecordingofanativespeakerreadingaparagraphinEnglish.Followingtherecording,thesubjectstooka15-questiontesttoseewhichwordstheyremembered,eachquestionhadfourchoices.Thesubjectshadtocirclethewordtheyhadheardintherecording.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthatsoundalike.Forexample,weather,whether,wither,andwetterarefourwordsthatsoundalike.Someofthequestionshadfourchoicesthathavethesamemeaning.Method,way,manner,andsystemwouldbefourwordswiththesamemeaning.Finallythesubjectstookalanguageproficiencytest.HenningfoundthatstudentswithalowerproficiencyinEnglishmademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthatsoundalike;studentswithahigherproficiencymademoreoftheirmistakesonwordsthathavethesamemeaning.Henning’sresultssuggestthatbeginningstudentsholdthesoundofwordsintheirshort-termmemory,andadvancedstudentsholdthemeaningofwordsintheirshort-termmemory.6.Henningmadetheexperimentinordertostudy.A.howstudentsrememberEnglishvocabularybyshort-termmemoryB.howstudentslearnEnglishvocabularyC.howtodevelopstudents’abilityinEnglishD.howlonginformationinshort-termmemoryiskept7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Informationinshort-termmemoryisdifferentfromthatinlong-termmemory.B.Long-termmemorycanbeachievedonlybytraining.C.Itiseasiertotestshort-termmemorythanlong-termmemory.D.Henninggaveaseparatetestonvocabularytohisstudents.8.FromHenning’sresultwecanseethat.A.beginnershavedifficultydistinguishingthepronunciationofwordsB.advancedstudentsrememberwordsbytheirmeaningC.itisdifficulttorememberwordsthatsoundalikeD.itisdifficulttorememberwordsthathavethesamemeaning9.Theword“subjects”inthepassagemeans.A.memoryB.thethemeoflisteningmaterialC.abranchofknowledgestudiedD.thestudentsexperimentedon

3.Passage3Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thecowboyistheheroofmanymovies,.Heis,eventoday,asymbolofcourageandadventure.Butwhatwasthelifeofthecowboyreallylike?Thecowboy’sjobisclearfromthewordcowboy.Cowboyweremenwhotookcareofcowsandothercattle.ThecattlewereintheWestandinTexas.PeopleinthecitiesoftheEastwantedbeefthesecattle.Trainscouldtakethecattleeast.Butfirstthecattlehadtogettothetrains.Partofthecowboy’sjobwastotakethecattlehundredsofmilestotherailroadtown.Thetripswerecalledcattledrivers.Acattledriveusuallytookseveralmonths.Cowboysrodeforsixteenhoursaday.Becausetheyrodesomuch,eachcowboybroughtalongabouteighthorses.Acowboychangedhorsesseveraltimeseachday.Thecowboyshadtomakesurethatcattlearrivedsafely.Beforestartingonadrive,thecowboysbrandedthecattle.Theyburnedamarkonthecattletoshowwhotheybelongedto.Butthesemarksdidn’tstoprustlers,orcattlethieves.Cowboyshadtoprotectthecattlefromrustlers.Rustlersmadethedangeroustripevenmoredangerous.Eventhoughtheirworkwasverydifficultanddangerous,cowboysdidnotearnmuchmoney.Theywerepaidbadly.Yetcowboyslikedtheirwayoflife.Theylivedinawildandopencountry.Theylivedalifeofadventureandfreedom.11.Acowboyisasymbolof.A.courageandadventureB.ahardlifeandbigpayC.moviesinthepastD.cowsandothercattle12.Thecowboys’jobwas.A.tobeaheroinreallifeB.tobeaheroofthemovieC.totakecareofcattleD.tobeadangerousrustler13.Duringacattledriver,cowboystookagroupofcowsfromawildandopencountryto.A.theWeststatesandTexasB.thecitiesoftheEastStatesC.thepeoplewhoeatbeefincitiesD.therailroadtownshundredmilesaway14.Ontheirwayofcattledrivers,thecowboysprotectedthecattleby.A.burningamarkontheircowsB.keepinganeyeoncattlethievesC.makingthetripmoredangerousD.lookingaftereightcowseachperson15.Cowboysenjoyedthemselvesbecause.A.theylikedtheirwayoflifeB.theymadealotofmoneyC.theyhadavarydifficultjobD.theywereheroesinmovies

4.Passage4Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Successfulinnovationshavedrivenmanyoldertechnologiestoextinctionandhaveresultedinhigherproductivity,greaterconsumptionofenergy,increaseddemandofrawmaterials,acceleratedflowofmaterialsthroughtheeconomyandincreasedquantitiesofmetalsandothersubstancesinuseeachperson.Thehistoryofindustrialdevelopmentaboundswithexamples.In1870,horsesandmulesweretheprimesourceofpoweronU.S.farms.Onehorseormulewasrequiredtosupportfourhumanbeingsaratiothatremainedalmostconstantformanydecades.Atthattime,hadanationalcommissionbeenaskedtoforecastthepopulationfor1970,itsanswerprobablywouldhavedependedonwhetheritsconsultantswereofaneconomicortechnologicalturnofmind.Hadtheybeen“economists”,theywouldprobablyhaveprojectedthe1970horsesormulepopulationtobemorethan50million.Hadtheybeen“technologists”,theywouldhaverecognizedthatthepowerofsteamhadalreadybeenharnessedtoindustryandtolearnandoceantransport.Theywouldhaverecognizedfurtherthatitwouldbetheprimesourceofpoweronthefarm.Itwouldhavebeendifficultforthemtoavoidtheconclusionthatthehorseandmulepopulationwoulddeclinerapidly.16.Accordingtothepassage,whatsuppliedmostofthepoweronU.S.farmsin1870?A.AnimalsB.HumansC.EnginesD.Water17.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthorasaconsequenceofnewtechnologicaldevelopments?A.Oldertechnologiesdieaway.B.ThequalityoflifeisImproved.C.Overallproductivityincrease.D.Morerawmaterialsbecomenecessary.18.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatby1870.A.technologybegantobemoreeconomicalB.thesteamenginehadbeeninventedC.theU.S.horsepopulationwasabout10millionD.anationalcommissionwasabout10million19.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat“economists”would.A.plantheeconomythroughyearlyforecastsB.failtoconsidertheinfluenceoftechnologicalinnovationC.valuetheeconomiccontributionoffarmanimalsD.consultthenationalcommissionontheeconomy20.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardchangesbroughtonbytechnologicalinnovations?A.Heisexcitedaboutthem.B.Heacceptthemasnatural.C.Heisdisturbedbythem.D.Hequestionstheirusefulness.

5.PartIIVocabularyandStructureDirections:Inthisparttherearefortyincompletesentences.Eachsentenceisfollowedbyfourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentenceandthenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.21.thedifficultiesassociatedwiththeproject,we’llgoonwithit.A.GivenB.InspiteofC.ThanktoD.Becauseof22.Itwasalmostdarkinthestreetsafewverypowerfulspotlights.A.excludingB.butforC.exceptD.exceptfor23.today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.IfheleavesC.WasheleavingD.Werehetoleave24.Hegavemesomeveryadviceonbuyingahouse.A.preciousB.expensiveC.wealthyD.dear25.Hisgoalisnottobecomeasportsman,achampioninacertainfield.A.butratherbecameB.butrathertobecomeC.butratherbecomingD.butrathertobecoming26.Ijustmetheronthewayhomefromthebookstore.A.onpurposeB.byaccidentC.inaccidentD.incase27.Idon’tknowabouthim,commentonhimbehindhisback.A.letaloneB.letgoC.leavealoneD.takeleave28.Mytransistorradioisoutoforder.It.A.needtoberepairedB.needrepairingC.needsrepairingD.needstorepair29.Noonecouldtellusanythingaboutthestranger.A.consciousB.mysteriousC.seriousD.previous30.Maryallfoolishcommentsandkeptonworking.A.excludedB.ignoredC.deniedD.discharged31.Iagreewithhim,butnotentirely.A.untilacertainpointB.tosomepointC.tosomeextentD.untilacertainextent32.Peopleinsomepartsoftheworldoftentaketheirwaterfor.theyuseasmuchwaterastheywish.A.grantedB.sureC.certainD.pleasure33.Color-blindpeopleoftenfinditdifficulttobetweenblueandgreen.A.separateB.compareC.contrastD.distinguish34.Thousandsofpeopleonthecitytowelcomethevisitingguests.A.turnedoffB.turnedupC.turnedoutD.turnedover35.Themountainplaceisbeautiful,buttheworkingconditions,it’sterrible.A.whenmentionedB.whenitcomestoC.whenitissaidD.whenitdiesto36.Areyouspendingmoremoneyonthespaceprogram?A.infavorofB.byfavorofC.infavortoD.outoffavor37.Intheofmyparents,standardsofeducationinthepublicschoolareactuallyfalling.A.ideaB.thoughtC.opinionD.principle38.fromspace,ourearth,withwatercovering70%ofitssurface,appearsasa“blueplanet”.A.SeeingB.TobeseenC.SeenD.havingseen39.Thisyear’stotaloutputvalueofindustryandagriculturewillincrease5percentoverlastyears.A.byB.toC.ofD.with40.Maryisthetopstudentintheclass.Shestudiesharder.A.thananystudentB.thanallthestudentsC.thananyotherstudentD.thansomeotherstudent41.Manypeoplehaveappliedfortheposition.A.emptyB.bareC.vacantD.blank42.Mynewshoescostme50yuan(RMB).ThepricewasthatthelastpairIboughtamonthago.A.twotimemorethanB.twiceasmuchasC.astwiceD.asmuchastwice43.Almosteveryonefailedonthefirstday.A.passhisdriver’stestB.tohavepassedhisdriver’stestC.topasshisdriver’stestD.passinghisdriver’stest44.Overthetraditionalfestivalpeoplevisiteachotherandgreetings.A.exchangeB.wishC.congratulateD.present45.Itwasbecausehewastiredoutthathefellasleepstandingup.A.publiclyB.openlyC.speciallyD.obviously46.Theyoungmanwasaccusedoftheladyofhermoney.A.stealingB.robbingC.takingD.grasping47.NomatterwhereourPartyneedsus,wewillhercall.A.giveanswerforB.respondtoC.haveresponsetoD.answerto48.Itisastonishingthatapersonofyourintelligencebecheatedsoeasily.A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.would49.Wewerecompletelywhenwefinallyreachedthedestination.A.wornoffB.worndownC.wornoutD.wornaway50.Manythingsimpossibleinthepastarecommontoday.A.consideredB.toconsiderC.consideringD.tobeconsidered51.Notuntilmanyyearslaterknown.A.wasthewholetruthbecomeB.didthewholetruthbecomeC.thewholetruthbecameD.thewholetruthhadbecame52.Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewehim.A.wouldtelephoneB.wouldhavetelephonedC.hadtelephonedD.musthavetelephoned53.Thereisnopointwithhim,sincehehasalreadymadeuphismind.A.argueB.toargueC.inarguingD.ofarguing54.Iappreciatethatletterforme.A.youtowriteB.yourwritingC.youwriteD.thatyouwriting55.I’dliketoaspecialseatfortheconnectofMay5.A.serveB.reserveC.preserveD.conserve56.thatsoniswellagain,younolongerhaveanythingtoworryabout.A.SinceB.NowC.WhenD.After57.Generallyspeaking,allkindsofmaterialswillexpandwhenheatedbutwillwhencooled.A.contrastB.contractC.surviveD.return58.Youwon’tknowifitfitsyouuntilyouiton.A.willtryB.aretryingC.aretotryD.havetried59.Afteralleffortsinvain,hehadtoaccepttheresult.A.regularlyB.shallowlyC.physicallyD.painfully60.Therestofhislifeistothecauseofinternationalexchangesofvisitingscholars.A.addedB.putC.savedD.committed

6.PartIIIClozeDirections:Therearetwentyblanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoices.ChoosetheonethatbestfitsintothepassageandthenmarksyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.In1982,MarkThatcher,thesonofMrs.Thatcherwasreported61intheSaharaDesertwhilecompetingintheGrandPrixmotorracefromParistoDakar.Thissadnews,so62,shooktheusuallycalmandunperturbedseasonedpolitician63herbalance.Thoughshedidherbesttopretendasif64hadhappenedandmadeherpublicappearancesasusual,peoplecouldnot65tonoticethatshewasnolongertheold66primeministerwhoalwayshadeverything67control.68shehadbecomeaverysadmotherwhowasunabletorecoverfromhershock.Oneday,whenshewastospeakataluncheonparty,areportercaughther69herguardby70upthesubjectofhermissingsonagain.Shewastotallymentally71forthequestionandlostherselfcontrol.Tearswererollingdownhereyesasshesobbinglytoldthereporterthatthere72stillnonewsofMarkandthatshewasveryworriedabouthim.Shesaidthatallthecountries73hadpromisedtodotheirbesttohelpherfindherson.74thatshebrokedowncompletelyandsobbedsilentlyforquiteawhile.Graduallyshe75downandstartedtospeakas76.itwasaverymovingscenewhich77anewsideofMrs.Thatcher’scharacterthepublicdonotusuallysee,78peoplebegantotalkabouttheIronWoman’smaternallove,asentimentthatis79toallhumankind.LaterMarkreturned80andsoundtohismother’sside,good-humoredandallsmilesasusual,asifnothingunusualhadeverhappened.TheIronWoman,however,brokedownagainaswassobbingforthesecondtime.61.A.missingB.missedC.wantingD.wanted62.A.expectedB.expectin