江西省宜春市2021屆高三模擬考試英語試題 含解析

2021年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試模擬試題英語

1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、考號(hào)等填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)

條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。

2.選擇題的作答，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)

號(hào)涂黑，寫在試卷紙、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。

3.填空題的作答，用簽字筆直接寫在答題卡對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫在試卷紙、

草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。

4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并交上。

第I卷（共三部分，共115分）

第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)，

1.WhereistheclosestATM?

A.Inabank.B.Besideabuilding.C.Onhisright.

2.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?

A.AskthewomanforhelpB.Fillupthecarhimself.

C.Payforthegasfirst.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Thefinalexam.B.Asport.C.Computergames.

4.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Askingforadvice.B.Seeingadoctor.C.Workingathome.

5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemountain?

A.Distant.B.High.C.Attractive.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題I.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、

C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6Whydoesthewomancall?

A.HerTVdoesn*twork.B.HerTVserviceisdue.C.HerTVservicebilliswrong.

7.Howmuchshouldthebillbeactually?

A.$65B.$85.C.$45.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.WhatdoesJessicaneedtousethelibrary?

A.Hercreditcard.B.HerstudentID.C.Herdriverlicense.

9.WhatcanJessicaborrow?

A.Magazines.B.Newspapers.C.Novels.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.WhatwillLindatakeforthemeal?

A.Beef.B.Vegetables.C.Friedfish.

11.HowdoesMarklikethefishtobecooked?

A.Withsomecabbage.B.Withalittlemoresalt.C.Insweetandsoursauce.

12.Whowillpayforthebill?

A.Mark.B.Linda.C.They*!!goDutch.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Howdoestheman'sfamilydealwiththegarbage?

A.It'ssorted.B.It'ssold.C.It'sburied.

14.Wherewilltheman'swifeplacethewastefood?

A.Intothegarbagecans.B.Intodifferentcontainers.C.Intothesoilinthegarden

15.Whatdoesthemanthinkoflivingazero-wastelifestyle?

A.Stressful.B.Natural.C.Difficult.

16.What'sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Hostandguest.B.Husbandandwife.C.Grandsonandgrandmother.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whataretheactivitiesaimedat?

A.Mixingwithcolleagues.B.DevelopingteamspiritC.Electinggroupleaders

18.What'sinthebackpack?

A.Waterandfood.B.Mealtickets.C.Listsoftasks.

19.Whatshouldtheydooncetheyfindahiddenbox?

A.Handitin.B.Finishthetask.C.Gobackhere.

20.Wheredoestheannouncementtakeplace?

A.Atagym.B.Atashop.C.Atacafeteria.

第二部分。閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)

涂黑。

A

★L(fēng)OUDOUNCOUNTRYDAYSCHOOL

Grades:Preschool-Grade8

LCDS.org-703-777-3841

Award-winningschoolfeaturesalowstudent-teacherratio（比率）.Coursesincludeart,STEM

（Science,Technology,Engineering,Mathematics）,computerprogramming,languages,athletics,

instruments.BYOT（BringYourOwnTechnology）,one-to-oneprograminfourththrougheighth

grades.It\famousforitsuniquefieldtrips.

★NYSMITHSCHOOL

Grades:3years-Grade8

N?703-552-2912

Top10intheworld,fun,award-winningprogram,upto4gradelevelsofdiversification（多樣

化）inreadingandmathclasses,dailyscience,computers,logic,foreignlanguages,muchmore.1:9

ratio.Minimal（最少的）homework.Hands-onexperimentallearning,agreatattractionforstudents

acrossthecountry.2014TommyAwardfromTJforthespecialachievementofNysmithAlumni.

★FUSIONACADEMYTYSONS

Grades:6-12

FusionTysonsC?866-461-8039

FusionAcademyisaprivatemiddleandhighschoolwhereallclassesareone-to-one:one

studentandoneteacherperclassroom.Here,positiverelationshipsunlockstudents9potential.

Schedulingispersonalized,andnohomeworkgoeshome.ComesoontoTysons,Virginia,and

achieveschool&lifebalance.

★RANDOLPH-MACONACADEMY

Grades:6-12,Postgraduate

?540-636-5484

R-MAisacollege-prepboardingschoolwithAirForceJROTC,devotedtodeveloping

studentsofacademicachievement,leadership,andresponsiblecitizenship.Withsmallerclasses-on

average,14-17studentsperclass-studentsatR-MAfindthemselvesbuildingtheirconfidence

becauseourteacherscareabouteachstudent.Graduatingclasseshavea100%collegeacceptance

rateandaverageover$56.6millionincollegescholarshipsofferseachyear.

1.WhatmakesLCDSdifferentfromtheothers?

A.fieldtrips.B.avarietyofcourses.

C.one-to-oneclasses.D.award-winningprograms.

2.WhyisNYSMITHSCHOOLpopularamongstudents?

A.Ithasnohomework.

B.Itistheworld'sbestschool.

C.ItisafrequentwinneroftheTommyAward.

D.Itgivesthemachancetolearnfromexperience.

3.Whichschoolspecializesinpersonalizededucation?

A.LOUDOUNCOUNTRYDAYSCHOOL.

B.NYSMITHSCHOOL.

C.FUSIONACADEMYTYSONS.

D.RANDOLPH-MACONACADEMY.

【答案】l.A2.D3.C

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四所學(xué)校的情況，包括年級、電話和學(xué)校特色等

信息。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)★L(fēng)OUDOUNCOUNTRYDAYSCHOOL部分中Ifsfamousforitsunique

fieldtrips.“可知，它以獨(dú)特的實(shí)地考察旅行而聞名。由此可知，LOUDOUN鄉(xiāng)村走讀學(xué)校與

其他學(xué)校的不同之處在于它提供實(shí)地考察旅行。故選A。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)★NYSMITHSCHOOL部分中"Hands-onexperimentallearning,agreat

attractionforstudentsacrossthecountry.”可知，動(dòng)手實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)習(xí)，對全國各地的學(xué)生有很大的吸

引力。由此可知，NYSMITH學(xué)校吸引學(xué)生，因?yàn)檫@給了他們一個(gè)從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。故

選D。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)★FUSIONACADEMYTYSONS部分中“FusionAcademyisaprivate

middleandhighschoolwhereallclassesareone-to-one:onestudentandoneteacherperclassroom.

Here,positiverelationshipsunlockstudents9potential.Schedulingispersonalized,andno

homeworkgoeshome.“可知FusionAcademy是一所私立中學(xué)和高中，所有班級都是一對一的:

每個(gè)教室一個(gè)學(xué)生和一個(gè)老師。在這里，積極的關(guān)系釋放學(xué)生的潛力。日程安排是個(gè)性化的，

回家沒有家庭作業(yè)。由此可知，F(xiàn)USIONACADEMYTYSONS學(xué)校擅長個(gè)性化教育。故選C。

B

SometimeagoinmyclassIwasabouttofailastudentforhisanswertoaphysicsquestion

whenthestudentclaimedhedeservedabetterscore.Theexaminationquestionsounded“safe”.

“Showhowitispossibletodeterminetheheightofatallbuildingwiththeaidofabarometer

（壓表）Thestudenthadanswered:"Takethebarometertothetopofthebuilding,attachalong

ropetoit,lowerthebarometertothestreet,andthenbringitup,measuringthelengthoftherope.

Thelengthoftheropeistheheightofthebuilding.”

Iarguedthatahighgradeshouldprovehiscompetenceinphysics,buttheanswerdidnot

confirmthis.Isuggestedthatthestudenthaveanothertry.Immediately,heworkedouthisanswer:A

secondbestwayistotakethebarometertothetopofthebuilding.Dropthebarometer,timingits

fallwithastopwatch.Then,usingtheformulatocalculatetheheightofthebuilding.

Iwasshockedbyhisanswer.HismethodgavemenotonlyabrokenbarometerbutaU-turnin

myteachingphilosophy.Igavehimfullmarks.

Onhisleavingmyoffice,Irecalledthathesuggestedtherecouldbeabetteranswer.SoIasked

himwhatitwas."Oh,yes,"saidthestudent,''Therearemanyways.Probablythebest,95hesaid,“is

totakethebarometertothebasementandaskthesuperintendent（樓管）.Youspeaktohimas

follows:Mr.Superintendent,hereIhaveafinebarometer.Ifyoutellmetheheightofthisbuilding,I

willgiveittoyou.

Atthispoint,Iaskedthestudentifhereallydidnotknowtheconventionalanswertothis

question.Headmittedthathedid,butsaidthathewasfedupwithhighschoolinstructors,tryingto

teachhimhowtothink,andtousetheso-called"scientificmethod”.Hejustwantedtosolvethe

probleminapracticalmanner,notjustanswerthequestioninanexpectedway.Hearingthis,Ireally

hadnothingtodobutgivetheboyafirmhandshake,feelingthankfillthatIhadn'tfailedhiminthe

firstplaceandevenmorethankful,neitherhadhe.

4.Whydidtheauthorwanttofailthestudentinthefirstplace?

A.Thestudentchallengedhisauthority.

B.Thestudent'sanswerwasnotpractical.

C.Thestudentdidn'tshowhisacademicability.

D.Thestudenthadapoorperformanceinphysicsclass.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor'snewteachingphilosophy?

A.Withoutlove,thereisnoeducation.

B.Amanbecomeslearnedbyaskingquestions.

C.Teachingistomaketwoideasgrowwhereonlyonegrewbefore.

D.Youcanleadyourhorsetotheriver,butyoucan'tmakeitdrink.

6.Whatmadethestudentabandontheconventionalanswer?

A.Lackofphysics-relatedknowledge.

B.Ignoranceoftheteacher'sexpectation.

C.Intentiontodeeplyimpresshisteacher.

D.Disapprovalofexistingteachingconcepts.

7.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Thesuperintendentwasagreedyperson.

B.Schooleducationrestrictedthisstudenfsthinking.

C.Theteacherappreciatedthestudent'sanswersfinally.

D.Theexaminationquestionisaloughphysicsproblem.

【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.C

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者是一名老師，前段時(shí)間因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)學(xué)生的物理題的答案不正確

而打算給他不及格，但是這個(gè)學(xué)生給出了不同的答案，這讓作者的教學(xué)哲學(xué)發(fā)生了很大的轉(zhuǎn)

變：要允許多種方法和答案的存在。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句‘Sometimeago,inmyclassIwasabouttofailastudentforhis

answertoaphysicsquestionwhenthestudentclaimedhedeservedabetterscore.”（前段時(shí)間，

在我班上，有個(gè)學(xué)生因?yàn)槲锢韱栴}的答案即將不及格，這時(shí)這個(gè)學(xué)生聲稱他應(yīng)該得一個(gè)更好

的分?jǐn)?shù)。）可知，作者一開始想讓這個(gè)學(xué)生不及格，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)學(xué)生沒有表現(xiàn)出他的學(xué)術(shù)能力。

故選C。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Isuggestedthatthestudenthaveanothertry.Immediately,heworkedout

hisanswer:Asecondbestwayistotakethebarometertothetopofthebuilding.Dropthebarometer,

limingitsfallwithastopwatch.Then,usingtheformulatocalculatetheheightofIhebuilding（我

建議這個(gè)學(xué)生再試一次。立即，他就算出了答案。又一個(gè)很棒的方式就是把壓力表放在屋頂，

扔下壓力表，用秒表計(jì)時(shí)降落。然后使用公式去計(jì)算這個(gè)房屋的高度。）和第四段Iwas

shockedbyhisanswer.HismethodgavemenotonlyabrokenbarometerbutaU-tuminmy

teachingphilosophy.（我被這個(gè)答案震撼了，他的方法不僅僅給了我一個(gè)碎掉的壓力表，也

給了我教學(xué)哲學(xué)上一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)）可知，學(xué)生的第二個(gè)答案啟發(fā)教師，可以有更好的方式，即

第二種方式。所以作者新的教學(xué)哲學(xué)是教學(xué)就是在以前只有一個(gè)想法的地方發(fā)展出兩個(gè)想

法。故選C。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句和第三句Headmittedthathedid,butsaidthathewasfedup

withhighschoolinstructors,tryingtoteachhimhowtothink,andtousetheso-called''scientific

method^^.Hejustwantedtosolvetheprobleminapracticalmanner,notjustanswerthequestionin

anexpectedway.（他承認(rèn)自己知道，但他說，他受夠了高中老師試圖教他如何思考，以及

如何使用所謂的“科學(xué)方法他只是想以實(shí)際的方式解決問題，而不是僅僅以預(yù)期的方式回

答問題。）可知，對現(xiàn)有教學(xué)觀念的否定使這個(gè)學(xué)生放棄了傳統(tǒng)的答案。故選D。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Hearingthis,Ireallyhadnothingtodobutgivetheboya

firmhandshake,feelingthankfulthatIhadn'tfailedhiminthefirstplaceandevenmorethankful,

neitherhadhe."（聽了這話，我給了男孩一個(gè)有力的握手，我很慶幸自己沒有讓他失望，更

慶幸的是，他也沒有。）可知，老師最終欣賞了學(xué)生的回答。故選C。

C

Thephilosopher,MartinBuber,ismostknownforhisworkon"I-Thou/You"relationshipsin

whichpeopleareopen,direct,mutuallyinterestedineachother.Incontrast,"I-It"relationshipsare

thoseinwhichweusetheother,likeanobject,tosolveourproblemsandfulfillourneedsand

purposes.

Itisnotourfaultthatmanyofourrelationshipsareorbecome"It”relationshipsbecausemost

ofwhatwefeel,thinkanddoismotivatedbyunconsciousmemoriesofhowtosurvivethe

environmentintowhichwewereborn.Thus,oneofthereasonsweuseotherpeopletohelpusfeel

betteraboutourselvesandcopeintheworldisthatusingpeoplewasoncenecessaryanditworked.

Whenweweresmallandhelpless,“It"cameandfedus,andheldus,andsetusonourway.We

didn'thavetoreciprocateandcarefbr"It”.Evenwhenthecareandattentionof“It”wasminimal

orunpredictable,ifwegotoutofchildhoodalive,somewherealongtheway"It"wasinvolved.

Freudcalledthisstageofearlylife"primarynarcissism”,whichisourinstinct（本能）for

self-preservationandisanormalpartofourdevelopment.Whilemostofusgrowoutofit,westill

holdasurvivalfear,whichmotivatesustoescapedangerandtostayalive,andweallneedthisfear

inhealthymeasure.

Theproblemisthattoomanyofus,toomuchofthetime,areinaconstantstateofthreat-and

weoftendon'tknowit.Weimaginepeoplearetalkingaboutusbehindourbacks,thatwehave

cancer,thatweareinadequate,andvulnerabletomorethanourshareofbadluck.Asourbrains

havegrowninsizeandcomplexity,sohasourabilitytoscareourselves.

Thiscausesmanyproblems.Forexample,ourstresslevelsincrease,ourdigestionisimpaired

andourthinkingbecomesrestricted.Ourthreatresponsestopsanybodilyfunction,feeling,thought

andbehaviorthatmight“waste“energyanddetractfromfightingorescapingdanger.Thus,whenin

threat,ouremotional,cognitiveandbehavioralrangeissignificantlyreduced.

Andinthisreducedstate,oneofoursolutionsistofindsomeonewhocansaveandcomfortus.

Insteadofenablingustobeopen,directandmutual,fearandanxietyleadustowardsconversations

andchoicesinourrelationswithothersthatareorientatedtowardssurviving——notthriving（茁壯成

長）.Threat-motivatedrelationshipsarecharacterizedbyneed,dependency,control,demand,

dishonesty,andself-interest.

Wecannotformthe"I-Thou“relationshipsthatBuberspeaksofuntilwehavelearnedtonotice,

comfort,andunderstandtheemotionsandpatternsofourthreatbrain.Wheninthreat,wetendto

useotherpeopleasobjectswhocansaveandprotectus,orwhowecanblameforourproblems.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reciprocate“inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Returnthefavour.B.Askforsomeadvice.

C.Conveyanapology.D.Makesomecomments.

9.Whatcanwelearnabout“primarynarcissism^^?

A.Itleadstooursurvivalfear.B.Itisnormalandusuallytemporary.

C.Itimpactsourgrowthnegatively.D.ItlaysthefoundationforFreud's

theory.

10.Whichofthefollowingcouldbeanexampleofrelationships?

A.Comfortinganupsetfriend.B.Feelingsorryforyourmistakes.

C.Tryinghardtobeindependent.D.Askingotherstotakeonyourtask.

11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.HowWeCanFormthe"I-Thou"Relationships

B.HowWeCanGetOutofthe"I-It"Relationships

C.WhyWeTreatOthersasObjectsRatherThanIndividuals

D.WhatHelpsUsSurviveandThriveinEarlyStagesofLife

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C

【解析】

【分析】本文是說明文。文章說明了“I-It”關(guān)系，即我們利用對方來幫助解決我們的問

題，并分析其形成的原因。

【8題詳解】

詞句猜測題。劃線詞前一句提到"Whenweweresmallandhelpless,"It"cameandfedus,and

heldus,andsetusonourway.w作者認(rèn)為在我們的童年成長過程中，"it"會(huì)來幫助我們，

帶我們走上正軌；劃線詞后提到“carefor（關(guān)心，照顧）”；and是并列連詞，“reciprocate”

應(yīng)該和"carefor”語義并列。由此可以猜測，“reciprocate"意思為"Returnthefavour（回

報(bào)這份幫助，報(bào)答這份恩情。）”故選A。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段中提到"Freudcalledthisstageofearlylife''primarynarcissism”,

whichisourinstinct（本能）forself-preservationandisanormalpartofourdevelopment.（弗洛伊

德稱之為生命早期階段的“原始自戀”，這是我們的本能自我保護(hù)，是我們發(fā)展的正常的一

部分。）"。根據(jù)"thisstageofearlylife"可知，primarynarcissism是指生命早期階段存在

的，是暫日寸性的；根據(jù)“anormalpartofourdevelopmentv可知，primarynarcissism是正常

的。故選Bo

no題詳解】

推理判斷題。文章第二段中提到“oneofthereasonsweuseotherpeopletohelpusfeelbetter

aboutourselvesandcopeintheworldisthatusingpeoplewasoncenecessaryanditworked.When

weweresmallandhelpless,“It”cameandfedus,andheldus,andsetusonourway.“說明"Lit”

關(guān)系是指我們利用他人來幫助我們。當(dāng)我們?nèi)跣o助的時(shí)候，“它”會(huì)幫助我們，帶我們走

上正確的道路；文章第六段中提到“inthisreducedstate,oneofoursolutionsistofindsomeone

whocansaveandcomfortus.（在這種狀態(tài)下，我們的解決辦法之一就是找一個(gè)能拯救和安慰

我們的人。）”。由此可知，“Lit”關(guān)系是指利用他人來幫助我們。由此可以推斷，"Asking

otherstotakeonyourtask.（要求別人承擔(dān)你的任務(wù)）”是“Lit”關(guān)系的例子。故選D。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。文章第一段提到“"I-It"relationshipsarethoseinwhichweusetheother,likean

object,tosolveourproblemsandfulfillourneedsandpurposes."說明"I-It”關(guān)系是指我們利

用對方，（把對方）就像當(dāng)作是一個(gè)物體，來解決我們的問題，滿足我們的需求和目的；文

章第二段提到“Itisnotourfaultthatmanyofourrelationshipsareorbecome"It"

relationships",說明成為“It”關(guān)系并不是我們的錯(cuò)；第四段提到“Theproblemisthattoo

manyofus,toomuchofthetime,areinaconstantstateofthreat（問題是,我們中的太多人,在

太多的時(shí)間里，處于一種持續(xù)的威脅之中）”是分析“It”關(guān)系形成的原因；文章最后一段

提至uWheninthreat,wetendtouseotherpeopleasobjectswhocansaveandprotectus,orwho

wecanblameforourproblems.（當(dāng)我們受到威脅時(shí)，我們傾向于把別人當(dāng)作可以拯救和保護(hù)

我們的東西，或者把我們的問題歸咎于他們由此可知，文章是說明什么是“IX關(guān)系”，

并分析其形成的原因。文章的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是“WhyWeTreatOthersasObjectsRatherThan

Individuals（為什么我們把別人當(dāng)作物體而不是個(gè)人）。故選C。

D

Smartphones,tablets,fitnesstrackers,headphonesandmostoftheelectronicdevicesweuse

todayaremadeofmetal,plasticandglass.Butelectronicsdon'thavetobe.SaladeMedeirosand

hercolleaguesfoundawaytoturnanordinarypieceofpaperintoasimpleelectronickeypad.Many

teamsaroundtheworldareworkingonpaper-basedelectronics.Butthisnewdeviceisdifferent

fromanyotherdevice.It9sthefirsttopoweritselfandalsoresistwateranddust.Theuser'stouch

givesitallthepoweritneedstorun.

Nosinglemomentinspiredherpaperkeypad.Instead,shefocusedondevicesotherengineers

havebeenworkingon.Thenshediscoveredthathighcostwasaproblemwithsomeflexible

electronics.Soshedecidedtoworkwithlow-costmaterials.

Teflon（聚四氟乙烯）isachemicalcoatingthatkeepsfoodfromstickingtopotsandpans.

Similarcom-pounds（復(fù)合物）canalsomakepaperwaterproof.Soshestartedtestingthechemical

buttheonethatwassup-posedtodothebestjobdidn'tworkatall.Aftersomeresearch,Salade

Medeirosfoundoutthatthischemicalreactswithair.Shehadtobuyspecialequipmentthatforbade

anyairgettingintheway.Now,thechemicalworksasplanned.Thentheteamplacedastencil（鋼

板）withtheshapeofacircuit（電路）ontothebackofthepaperandsprayedonseverallayersof

materials.Finally,theteamflippedoverthepaperandprintedakeypadofnumbersontheother

side.TheyalsoaddedatinyBluetoothchip,whichlettheirpaperdevicetalktoacomputer.The

sourceofelectricitycomesfromthetapofafinger.Whenyou'retypingwecancreatetheenergyby

touchingorrubbing.

Theelectronickeypadisregularpapermostpeoplecouldaffordbutwouldn'teasilygetwetor

dirty.Italsoshouldfitinyourpocket.

12.Whichofthefollowingistheuniquefeatureofthenewdevice?

A.It'sthefirstdevicemadeofpaper.B.Ithaslittleelectricityormetal.

C.Itgetspoweredthroughtouch.D.Ithasnotroublecleaningitself.

13.WhydidTeflonfailtoworkatfirst?

A.Itwasexposedtotheair.B.Itwasoflowquality.

C.Itdamagedtheequipment.D.Itkeptfoodstucktopots.

14.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theprocessofcreatingthedevice.B.Thesignificanceoftheresearch.

C.Theapplicationofthedevice.D.ThewaytodevelopTeflon.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedwords"flippedover“inPara.3?

A.Cleanedup.B.Cutup.C.Heldonto.D.Turned

over.

【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種新的電子設(shè)備。這種電子設(shè)備由一張紙制

成，能通過用戶觸摸提供能量并且防水防塵。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"It'sthefirsttopoweritselfandalsoresistwateranddust.Theuser's

touchgivesitallthepoweritneedstorun."（它是第一個(gè)能自己發(fā)電，也能防水防塵的。用

戶的觸摸給了它運(yùn)行所需的所有能量。）可知，這個(gè)設(shè)備獨(dú)特的功能是它通過觸摸起電。故

選C項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"SaladeMedeirosfoundoutthatthischemicalreactswithair."（薩

拉?德?梅德羅斯發(fā)現(xiàn)這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)與空氣發(fā)生反應(yīng)。）可知這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)與空氣發(fā)生反應(yīng)，所

以Teflon不能正常工作的原因是它接觸到了空氣。故選A項(xiàng)。

14題詳解】

主旨大意題。第三段介紹了SaladeMedeiros解決了材料使用的問題以及設(shè)備的組裝過程，

可知本段主要介紹這個(gè)設(shè)備是如何制造的。故選A項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“printedakeypadofnumbersontheotherside"（將數(shù)字鍵盤打印

到另一邊）可知這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)將這張紙反過來，從而猜測Hippedover是“翻轉(zhuǎn)”之意。故選D

項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Ifyouthinkyou'reapessimistandthere'snohopeofeverturningitaround,thenthinkagain!

Accordingtomentalhealthexperts,itisactuallyverypossibletoturnintoaglass-half-fullkindof

person,andhere'swhatyoucandotoseethingsinabrighterlight.

16Writingdownyourideasofanoptimistictomorrowwillmakeahugedifference

whenitcomestoyouroverallattitudetolife.Youmayalsowanttoconsideraseriouschallengeyou

haveinliferightnow,andsimplysitbackandthinkaboutallofthepossiblepositiveoutcomes.

Choosetobeoptimistic.Lifeisallaboutchoices.Youcanchoosetospendtheentireday

readingorcleaning.Youcanmakethecallyou'vebeenthinkingaboutforawhileoryoucanputit

offforanotherday.What'smore,youcanalsochoosetobepositiveoryoucanchoosetosimply

carryonlivingasyouare.17Andthencarryonthatwayfortherestofyourlife.

Extendpositivenesstoothers.Makingothersfeelgoodaboutthemselvescanhavelasting

positiveeffectsonyourownlife.Neverforgettoadmireyourfamily,friends,andcolleaguesforthe

goodthingswhichtheyaredoingintheirlives,eveniftheydon'tdirectlyaffectyou.18

Recognizeyournegativethoughtpatterns.Ifsfinetoacknowledgethatbadthingsinlife

mighthappenatanytime.19Yetbeingoverlynegativecanseriouslyruinyourchancesof

findinghappinessinhislife.Reframingyourawkwardlynegativethoughtsintomorerealistic

patternsmaybethekeytohelpingyoumaintainoptimism.

Practicegratitude.Spendsometimethinkingaboutallofthethingsyouhavetobethankful

for.20Youcouldevenchoosetokeepdiaries,whereyoucanputdownanythingwhich

makesyousmile.Ifnothingelse,takeamomenteveryonceinawhiletostop,smileandbethankful

forthepositivethingsinlife.

A.Imagineapositivefuture.

B.Formthehabitofkeepingdiaries.

C.Ofcourse,ifsalsonecessarytopraiseyourself.

D.Ignoringrealityisn'tthemosthelpfillmethodeither.

E.Beingoptimisticstartswiththedecisiontobepositive.

F.Itwilloftenprovideyouwithaninstantoptimismboost.

G.Takeamomenttoworkouthowrealisticyourthoughtsreallyare.

【答案】16.A17.E18.C19.D20.F

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。向我們介紹了幾種幫持悲觀態(tài)度的人們進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)變的幾種辦法。

16題詳解】

由上文here'swhatyoucandotoseethingsinabrighterlight."可知，下面要介紹培養(yǎng)積極樂

觀態(tài)度的幾種方法。該小題應(yīng)該選一個(gè)祈使句做小標(biāo)題，也是本段首句兼主題句。下文

“Writingdownyourideasofanoptimistictomorrowwillmakeahugedifferencewhenitcomesto

youroverallattitudetolife.M（把你關(guān)于一個(gè)樂觀的明天的所有想法寫下了），由此可知，尤

其是“tomorrow”一詞與“future”呼應(yīng)，我們第一步要樂觀地暢想美好未來。A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容

符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

該空所在第三段小標(biāo)題“Choosetobeoptimistic.”可知，樂觀還是消極悲觀是一種選擇，

我們一定要去選擇積極樂觀，選擇了就做出了一個(gè)決定，E選項(xiàng)“Beingoptimisticstartswith

thedecisiontobepositive.樂觀的生活態(tài)度開始于一個(gè)要做一個(gè)樂觀的人的決心?？蘸笙挛?/p>

“Andthencarryonthatwayfortherestofyourlife.”下定決心之后，就在今后去堅(jiān)持。E選

項(xiàng)內(nèi)容符合語境，尤其"decision"和"choose”呼應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

上文aNeverforgettoadmireyourfamily,friends,andcolleaguesforthegoodthingswhichthey

aredoingintheirlives,eveniftheydon'tdirectlyaffectyou.”可知，作者建議欣賞贊美身邊家

人,朋友，同事，營造積極樂觀的大環(huán)境。C項(xiàng)“Ofcourse,ifsalsonecessarytopraiseyourself

（當(dāng)然了，贊美自己也是很必要的），很好地承接上文，尤其“also”。故選C項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

上文“It'sfinetoacknowledgethatbadthingsinlifemighthappenatanytime.”承認(rèn)生活中隨時(shí)

可能會(huì)發(fā)生不好的事情。接受這個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)是有好處的。D選項(xiàng)"Ignoringrealityisn'tthemost

helpfulmethod,either.“忽略現(xiàn)實(shí)不是最好的辦法。符合語境。下文uYetbeingoverlynegative

canseriouslyruinyourchancesoffindinghappinessinhislife.”然而一直持否定消極態(tài)度會(huì)嚴(yán)

重毀掉你發(fā)現(xiàn)幸福的機(jī)會(huì)。轉(zhuǎn)折含義的副詞“yet”之前要接受生活中有些不如意，“yet”

后說明不能一直消極，要轉(zhuǎn)換思維方式。故選D項(xiàng)。

【20題詳解】

由空前“Spendsometimethinkingaboutallofthethingsyouhavetobethankfulfor.可知，作

者建議大家用點(diǎn)時(shí)間想一下所有應(yīng)該感恩的事物。F選項(xiàng)“willoftenprovideyouwithan

instantoptimismboosC（這將經(jīng)常給你一種樂觀的推動(dòng)力）符合上文語境，主語“It”指代

前面整個(gè)句子。故選F項(xiàng)。

第三部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)：完型填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

Icomefromabrokenfamilythatmanywouldconsiderdysfunctionalattheveryleast:

maniages,divorces,etc.Afterwegrewup,mythreesiblingsandIcouldgo21without

speaking.MysisterJeanneandIwerebornonly14months22,andaftershegotmarried

at18,welivedseparatelivesinseparatestates,andourconnectionsomehow23.

Fiveyearslater,IwentsightseeingwithmyfiancetoNewYorkCity,aplaceIhadneverbeen.

Duringadayofsightseeing,wewerecrossingavery24streetloadedwithpeople.Ihad

25atsomethingfunnymyfiancesaidwhenIsuddenlyheardmynameyelledfrom

somewherebehindme:"Cheryl!”Mylegs26inthemiddleoftheroadandtearswelledup

27inmyeyes.Iknewwitho