新概念第二冊(cè)Lesson-8-The-best-and-the-worst

LessonEightThebestandtheworstNewwords★competition

n.

★neat

adj.

★path

n.

★wooden

adj.

★pool

n.

比賽，競(jìng)賽整齊的，整潔的

小路，小徑木頭的水池

★competition

n.比賽，競(jìng)賽

race

carrace

footballmatch

contest

babycontest

beautycontest選美

暗地里的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)－competition

game★neat

adj.整齊的，整潔的

neat=tidy★pool

n.水池

人工的

swimmingpool

pond

天然的

goodpondNewwordscompetitionFootballcompetitionbasketballcompetitionboxingcompetition

compete[k?m'pi:t]vi.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；比賽；對(duì)抗competeagainstsb..competewithsb.racen.比賽(速度）

horseraceMarathonracematchn.（球類）

gamen.（泛指）theOlympicGames2.Compete:v.比賽，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

Twomenarecompetingwitheachothertogetthebeauty’sheart.3.Competent:adj.havingtheknowledgeorskill有能力的，勝任的

e.g.He’snotcompetenttolookafteryoungchildren.She’snotcompetentforthisjob/todothisjobwell.

4.Competitive:adj.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的

e.g.thecompetitivespirityouhavetobecompetitivetodoyourworkwell.Thisisacompetitivesocietyandisfullofcompetition.Youhavetocompetewithotherpeopletomakealiving.Ifyouwanttosucceed,firstyouwillhavetobecompetentandthenbecompetitive.

aneatroomclean/tidy

aneatwhiskyneat[ni:t]不參水的；純的5.neat:整潔的，整齊的（適合用于贊賞女孩子的房間)

e.g.Whataneatroom!Whatamess!e.g.aneatcupboard/room/house/e.g.sheisaneatdresser/worker.e.g.aneatwhisky/Brandy/vodka/6.path:小路，小徑e.g.keeptothepathoryouwilllosetheway.Thepathrunsthroughtheforest.這條小路一直延伸到森林。path[pɑ:θ]n.小路,小徑7.wooden:木頭的e.g.Shehasapieceofwoodenfurniture.Wood:un.e.g.Therearemanykindsofwoodonthehills.Woodcutter:personwhocutsdownwoodWoodman:wooden['wud?n]adj.木頭的awoodenbridgewoodwoodsgoforwalkinthewoodswoodensmilepool[pu:l]n.水池poolSwimmingpoolsQuestions:DoesthewriterliveinthesametownasJoe?2.WhatdoesJoehasgot?3.Whatdoesnearlyeveryoneenterfor?4.HowbigisBillFrith’sgarden?5.DoesJoeworkharderthanBill?6.Whosegardenhasmoreflowersandvegetables?7.WhathasJoemadeinhisgarden?8.Whathashebuiltoverthepool?9.Doesthewriterlikegardens?10.Whatdoeshelike?enterfor:報(bào)名參加，強(qiáng)調(diào)報(bào)名takepartin真正參加

enterfortheexamwin:贏won--won

Iwin.

Ilose

winsomething

Iwinthebook.

Iwinthegoldcup

win后面往往是獎(jiǎng)品

winaprize:贏得了一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)

winaprizefor:因?yàn)?..而獲獎(jiǎng)

win不能接對(duì)手

defeat+對(duì)手Idefeatyou.必會(huì)短語(yǔ)Questions:1.Whohasthebestgardeninthetown?2.Whataboutthewriter’sgarden?3.Whosegardenismoreinteresting,Joe’sorBill’s?課文講解

enterfor報(bào)名參加（各種競(jìng)賽，考試等活動(dòng)）win（won，won）v.贏①vi.贏Iwin.Ilose.(輸了)②vt.贏得……winsomething后面往往是獎(jiǎng)品,不能接對(duì)手

Iwinthebook.Iwinthegoldcup.winaprizewinaprizefor…因?yàn)椤@獎(jiǎng)

defeat[d?'fit]戰(zhàn)勝,擊敗+對(duì)手Idefeatyou.EnterandEnterforenter①vt.&vi.進(jìn)入enter+地點(diǎn)名詞,Alwaysknockonthedoorbeforeyouenter.②vt.&vi.參加，加入We’veenteredintoanagreement.我們已達(dá)成一項(xiàng)協(xié)議。Hesoonenteredtheirconversation.1、JoeSandershasthemostbeautifulgardeninourtown.Joe'sgardenisthemostbeautiful.eg.:Bill'sgardenisthelargest.Bill’sgardenislargerthanJoe’s.（比較的東西都是同類的事物joe’s的“’s”不能省略）2、Nearlyeverybodyentersfor'TheNicestGardenCompetition'eachyear,butJoewinseverytime.nearly和almost意義相似，表示“幾乎”、“差不多”、“差點(diǎn)兒”的意思。

Ihavenearlyforgottenhisname.我差點(diǎn)把他的名字忘了。

I’mnearly/almostready.我快準(zhǔn)備好了。4、Hehasmadeneatpathsandhasbuiltawoodenbridgeoverapool.make和build在這里是同義詞，“修建，建造”。make的詞義比較籠統(tǒng)、廣泛，可解釋為“做、作出、制造”等，而build主要限于建筑業(yè)，指“建造，建設(shè)，蓋房子，修筑（橋梁）等”

Haveyoumadetheskirtbyyourself?Theyhavemadearoadalongtheriver.home-madecake/goodsman-madesatelliteHehasmadeneatpathsandhasbuiltawoodenbridge

overapool.

4.make–made–made

制作，用法

makesbdosth.

makesb./sth.+adj5.build–built–built

建造，建筑

6.woodenbridge

木橋7.over

垂直上方，正上方on

接觸上above

在…上方；高于likegardenstoo,butIdonotlike

hardwork8.too,either,also,aswell表示“也”的區(qū)別

too肯末也

either否末也

also句中

aswell=toolike的用法

9.hardwork努力工作enterfor+表示比賽、競(jìng)賽、考試的名詞報(bào)名參加,強(qiáng)調(diào)報(bào)名

enterfortheexamSheentered(hername/herself)forthemathematicscompetition.

她報(bào)名參加數(shù)學(xué)競(jìng)賽。takepartin真正的參加必會(huì)語(yǔ)法形容詞比較級(jí)VS.形容詞最高級(jí)形容詞比較級(jí)的用法表示兩者(人或物)的比較口訣：前有甲，后又乙，中間有個(gè)“級(jí)”，比較級(jí)前有個(gè)Be,比較級(jí)后有個(gè)“比”。（than翻譯為“比”）

I

am

taller

than

youthan后可接名詞,代詞,動(dòng)名詞,從句等.comparativedegree比較級(jí)1）常用的結(jié)構(gòu)是比較級(jí)+than。例如：Theyworkedevenharderthantheypromised.他們工作得比他們答應(yīng)的還要賣(mài)力。Thisstreetiswiderthanthatone.

這條街比那條街寬一些。（2）….more…than….

e.g.ShedrankmorebeerthanJackdid.Sheplaysfootballmoreoftenthanhersisterdoes.（3）在比較級(jí)+than的結(jié)構(gòu)前可以加上某些副詞類和表示倍數(shù)的詞，以對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾，如：far

（遠(yuǎn)），even

（甚至），much

（許多），still

（更，還），alot

（許多），alittle/bit

（一點(diǎn)），rather

（相當(dāng)?shù)兀?，threetimes…（三倍、……），Thisbookisfarmoreinterestingthanthatone.

這本書(shū)比那一本有趣多了。You'vebeenworkingmuchharderthanIhave.

你一直比我工作得努力多了。ShecameevenearlierthanIasked(himto).她來(lái)得甚至比我叫她來(lái)的時(shí)間還要早。（4）比較級(jí)中的兩個(gè)特殊作用的結(jié)構(gòu)是：The+比較級(jí)+句子，the+比較級(jí)+句子。越（怎么樣就）越（怎么樣）。

Themore,thebetter.Themoreexercisesyoudo,thebetteryoucanstudy.Theolderthechildrenget,themoreworriedtheparentsare.ThemoreIlearn,themoreIknow;ThemoreIknow,themoreIknowIdon’tknow;（5）用比較級(jí)的形式表達(dá)最高級(jí)的意思。常在比較狀語(yǔ)中用any,other,else類的字眼。Heistallerthananyoneelseinourclass.他在我們班比其他任何都高。Ironismoreusefulthananyothermetal.鐵比其他任何金屬更有作用。

形容詞比較級(jí)5.同級(jí)比較：“和……一樣”

肯定：as……as

否定：notas……as或notso……as

中間要加adj/adv的原級(jí)

Thequestionisas______(easy)asthatone.Pleasedoyourhomeworkas(careful)______________asyoursister.easycarefully形容詞比較級(jí)6.如果有of短語(yǔ)，比較級(jí)前要加the

Ofthetwogirls,whois_________(tall)7.在同一范圍比較，常用anyother+單數(shù)名詞。

Tomistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass..形容詞最高級(jí)的用法表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比較,其中一個(gè)在某一方面超過(guò)其他幾個(gè)時(shí),用最高級(jí).最高級(jí)的前面要加冠詞the,后面一般帶of(in)短語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)明比較的范圍.最高級(jí)的限定范圍一般用of，among在...之中;在...中間，in等介詞短語(yǔ)；

Johnisthetallestofthethreebrother.Thisisthecoldestdayintenyears.Maryisthemostintelligent（有才智的;聰明的;明智的;有理性的）personI’veevermet.

superlativedegree最高級(jí)

（1）the….of/in/among

e.g.YellowRiverisamongthelongestriversinChina.Thisnovelisthemostinterestingofthethree.Sheisthetallestofthegirlsinourclass.形容詞最高級(jí)1.三者或三者以上范圍“the”不能少2.常用句型

oneof+最高級(jí)

Oneof________________(beautiful)gardenisJoe’s…..+thatIhaveeverseen.

Thisis___________________(interesting)bookthatIhaveeverseen.themostbeautifulthemostinteresting（2）oneofthe….

e.g.Beijingisoneofthelargestcitiesintheworld.造句練習(xí)：

約翰有我們村里最好的房子。托尼家的房子比約翰家的房子大，但是約翰家的更漂亮。我們家的房子是村里最差的了，但是我還是很喜歡它。

形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成1.規(guī)則變化構(gòu)成方法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)單音節(jié)單詞一般在詞尾加-er,-esttallsmalltallersmallertallestsmallest在以字母e結(jié)尾的形容詞后加-r-stnicelargenicerlargernicestlargest在以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的形容詞后，先改y為i再加-er，-estheavyhappyheavierhappierheaviesthappiest重讀閉音節(jié)詞只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，先雙寫(xiě)輔音字母再加-er-estbigslimbiggerslimmerbiggestslimmest說(shuō)出下列單詞的比較級(jí)及最高級(jí)1.funny2.happy3.large4.smart5.thin6.strong7.wide8.tidy9.hot10.close11.sad12.short13.nice14.slow⑤有些構(gòu)成是不規(guī)則的：good/well(betterbest)；bad/ill(worseworst)；many/much(moremost)；little(lessleast)；far(fartherfurther,farthestfurthest)（farther:距離上的遠(yuǎn)和更遠(yuǎn)，further:程度上的更進(jìn)一步）furthermore(更有甚者；而且)old(olderelder,oldesteldest)older比……大,Sheisolderthansomebody.elder做定語(yǔ)修飾其他名詞,eldersister(年長(zhǎng)的)姐姐.JoeSandershasthemostbeautifulgardeninourtown.Nearlyeverybodyentersfor'TheNicestGardenCompetition'eachyear,butJoewinseverytime.BillFrith'sgardenislargerthanJoe's.BillworksharderthanJoeandgrowsmoreflowersandvegetables,butJoe'sgardenismoreinteresting.Hehasmadeneatpathsandhasbuiltawoodenbridgeoverapool.Ilikegardenstoo,butIdonotlikehardwork.EveryyearIenterforthegardencompetitiontoo,andIalwayswinalittleprizefortheworstgardeninthetown!

Tellthestory:JoeSanders---most---beau