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EnglishcoursewareforhighschoolsophomorestudeREPORTING2023WORKSUMMARY目錄CATALOGUEThedefinitionandclassificationofpastparticlesasadvisorsThebasicusageofpastparticlesasadvertisementsThedistinctionbetweenpastparticlesasadvisorsandotherclaimsSpecialusageofpastparticlesasadvertisementsPracticeandconsolidationPART01ThedefinitionandclassificationofpastparticlesasadvisorsPastparticleasadvisory:ApastparticleisaverbformthatistypicallyusedinthepassivevoiceandtoformcompoundtenseinasenseHowever,itcanalsobeusedasanadvocatetomodifyaverb,anobjective,oranotheradvocateWhenusedasanadvocate,thepastparticleprovidesadditionalinformationabouttheactionorstatedescribedinthepresenceDefinitionTypesofPastParticlesasAdverbials:Thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichpastparticlescanbeusedasadvertisements,eachwithitsownuniquefunctionandmeaninginthepresenceSomecommontypesincludeClassificationClassification1.CircularAdvisoryUsedtodescribethecirclessurroundinganaction,suchas"Havingabreakfast,heleftforwork."2.TemporaryAdvisoryUsedtoindicatethetimeofanaction,suchas"Beforedinner,shetookawalk."3.ConceptualAdventureUsedtoshowacontrastorexceptiontoageneralrule,suchas"Althoughtired,hestillwantstotheparty."4.ConditionalAdvisoryUsedtoexpressaconditionorthematicsituation,suchas"Ifdrunk,youshouldnotdrive."PART02ThebasicusageofpastparticlesasadvertisementsSummaryPastparticlescanbeusedtodescribeactionsoreventsthatoccurredataspecificpointintimeinthepastDescriptionExample:"Havingfinishedtheirhome,thestudentswentouttoplay."Inthissense,"Havingfinished"isthetransitionaloftime,indicatingthattheactionoffinishingtheirhomeoccurredbeforetheactionofgoingouttoplayAdvisoryoftimeSummaryLastparticlesareusedtoexpressaconditionthatmustbemetforanactiontooccurDescriptionExample:"Nothavingreceivedareply,hedecidedtocallagain."Inthispresence,"Nothavingreceived"istheadvisoryofcondition,indicatingthattheconditionofnotreceivingareplywasaprerequisiteforhisdecisiontocallagainAdvisoryofconditionSummaryLastparticlesareusedtoexpressaprocess,whereoneactionoccursdespiteanotheractionorconditionDescriptionExample:"Althoughhavingbeentired,shestillwantstoattendtheparty."Inthispresence,"Althoughhavingbeen"istheadvisoryofprocess,indicatingthatthedesignwastired,shestillattendedthepartyAdvisoryofprocessLastparticlesareusedtodescribethewayinwhichanactionisperformedSummaryExample:"Theywalkedcarefully,beingveryawareoftheframeworkobjectsaroundthem."Inthissense,"beingveryaware"istheadvisoryofManner,indicatinghowcarefullytheywalkedduetotheirawarenessofframeworkobjectsDescriptionSuperiorofMannerPART03ThedistinctionbetweenpastparticlesasadvisorsandotherclaimsTimeadvisoryclaimsdescribethetimewhenanactiontakesplace,whilepastparticleadvisorsdescribetheMannerorconditionoftheactionTimeadvisoryclausescommonlyincludetemporaryconnectionslike"when,""after,""before,"etc.,whilepastparticleadvisorsdonotTimeadvisoryclaimscanberephrasedwithothertimeexpressions,whilepastparticleadvisorscannotDistinguishingfromtimeadvisoryclausesConditionaladvisoryclaimsexpressaconditionorpossibilityforanactiontooccur,oftenusing"if,""less,""incase,"etc.,whilepassingparticleadvisorsdonotexpressconditionsorpossibilitiesConditionaladvisoryclaimscommonlyincludeasubjectandaverb,whilepastparticleadvisorsdonotConditionaladvisoryclaimscanberephrasedwithotherconditionalexpressions,whilepastparticleadvisorscannotDistinguishingfromconditionaladvisoryclausesConceptualadvisoryclaimsexpressacontrastorexceptiontoanotherwiseexpectedsituation,oftenusing"thought,""eventhought,""inspotof,"etc.,whilepastparticleadvisorsdonotexpresscontrastsorexceptionsConditionaladvisoryclaimscanberephrasedwithotherconditionalexpressions,whilepastparticleadvisorscannotConditionaladvisoryclaimscommonlyincludeasubjectandaverb,whilepastparticleadvisorsdonotDistinguishingfromconditionaladvisoryclausesPART04SpecialusageofpastparticlesasadvertisementsSummaryTheabsolutestructureinvolvesusingthepastparticlewithoutanyhelpingverborauxiliaryDescriptionInthisstructure,thepastparticleisusedtomodifythesubjectortheentireclause,providingadditionalinformationaboutthesubjectorsettingthecontextforthemainclauseExample"Satisfiedwiththeresult,shecontinuedworking."Here,"Satisfied"modifiesthesubject"she"toshowherattributerewardstheresultAbsolutestructure要點(diǎn)三SummaryThecompositestructureinvolvesusingthepastparticlewithahelpingverborauxiliary要點(diǎn)一要點(diǎn)二DescriptionInthisstructure,thepastparticleisusedincombinationwithahelpingverborauxiliarytocreateamorecomplexadvisoryclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutthemainclauseExample"Oncearrived,theyimmediatelystartedexploringthecity."Here,"Oncearrived"isacomplexadvisoryclausethatmodifiesthemainclause."要點(diǎn)三WithcompositestructureSummaryFixedlocationreferstoaspecificcombinationofwordsthatisconsiderednaturaloridiomaticDescriptionInfixedsettlements,thepastparticleisusedinaspecificwaywithotherwordstocreateanidiomaticexpressionthatcannotbechangedorreplacedwithoutlosingitsmeaningorsoundingunnaturalExample"Heleftearlyinthemorning."Here,"leftearly"isafixedsettlementthatmeansheseparatedatanearlyhourinthemorningFixedsettlementPART05PracticeandconsolidationSummaryMultiplechoicequestionsareacommontypeofquestionusedinassessmentstoteststudents'understandingofgrammarandvocabularyTheyprovidestudentswithapresenceorparagraph,followedbyseveraloptionstochoosefrom,andtheymustselectthecorrectoptionDescriptionMultiplechoicequestionscanbedesignedtofocusondifferentareasofgrammar,soaspastparticlesusedasadvisorsForexample,amultiplechoicequestionmightpresentapresencewithapastparticleusedasanadvisory,andstudentsmustchoosethecorrectmeaningorfunctionoftheparticleMultipleChoiceQuestionsSummaryCompletiontasksrequirestudentstofillintheblanksinasenseorparagraphwiththeappropriateformofaverb,commonlyapastparticleDescriptionInthistypeofexercise,studentsaregivenapresenceorparagraphwithsomewordsmissing,andtheymu