Unit1 LESSON3 - READING CLUB2 詞匯精講課堂

詞匯課堂版本：新北師單元：必修Book1Unit1（LESSON3—READINGCLUB2）本單元詞匯梳理1.feature：基本義：特征；名詞動(dòng)詞化2.typical：派生詞typically詞塊：betypicalof,itistypicalofsbtodosth3.graduate：構(gòu)詞grad-(grade,步、級(jí))+-u-+-ate名詞詞尾→在學(xué)業(yè)上完成某一步/某一級(jí)→畢業(yè)；同根詞grade,gradual

詞塊：graduatefromseniorhighschool/university

熟詞生義：逐漸發(fā)展/升級(jí)為(Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren’sbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.2020浙江)

graduatev和n發(fā)音不同；

派生詞graduation

4.certificate：詞塊：agraduationcertificate,abirth/marriage

certificate5.inspire：in-

(in)+-spir-

(breath呼吸)+-e→使吸入

詞族：inspire—inspiration—inspired—inspiring詞塊：inspiresbtodosth6.apply：詞族：apply—applicant—application(App)詞塊：applyforajob,applytouniversity,applytosb,applysunscreen,applyoneselfto7.eager：詞族：eager—eagerly—eagerness詞塊：beeagerfor/todosth8.sort：近義詞：type/kind；名詞動(dòng)詞化詞塊：sortof,sortout(from)9.independently：詞族：dependent—independent—independently—independence

10.power：基本義“能力”

詞族：power—powerful—powerfully—powerless

詞塊：cometopower,apowerfailure/cut,electricity/

powersupply11.supply：來自拉丁語(yǔ)supplere,sup-(sub-,below)+plere(tofill)詞塊：supplysthtosb/supplysbwithsth12.unstable：un-+stable13.dusty：dust+-y(充滿……的)14.muddy：mud+-y(充滿……的)15.tough：一詞多義，基本義“結(jié)實(shí)的；堅(jiān)硬的”16.flash：詞塊flashcard,aflashoflightning/inspiration/anger;in/likeaflash

熟詞生義：閃現(xiàn)；突然想到；閃光燈

17.giveup：小品詞up意為“完結(jié)”，完結(jié)了就放棄了18.dealwith：精準(zhǔn)的漢語(yǔ)釋義“處理”（不同于“解決”）19.responsible：①構(gòu)詞法responsible—responsibility②詞源re-(back向后、往回)+-spond(承諾、答復(fù))

詞塊：beresponsiblefor=take/haveresponsibilityfor20.attractive：attract+-ive21.aswellas：主謂一致：aswellas連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與aswellas前的主語(yǔ)保持人稱和數(shù)的一致22.laughter：詞塊：burstintolaughter

23.confident：con-(together共同)+-fid-(trust信任)+-ent

詞族：confident—confidently—confidence;

詞塊：beconfidentabout/of/that從句24.contact：con-(together共同)+tact(touch接觸)

詞塊：get/keep/stayincontactwith,lose/makecontactwith

熟詞生義：社會(huì)關(guān)系；門路；熟人名詞動(dòng)詞化：contactsb25.charity：詞塊：charityorganisations,raisemoneyforcharity,a

charityconcert/dinner26.organisation：詞族：organ—organise—organiser—organisation

詞塊：form/setupaninternationalorganization27.contribution：contribute+-tioncontribute:con-(together共同)+-tribut-(貢獻(xiàn))+-e

詞塊：makea(great)contributionto

熟詞生義：投稿28.intend：正式用語(yǔ)(對(duì)應(yīng)plan)詞塊：intendtodosth=plantodo

派生詞intended29.junior：詞塊：（英式）ajuniorsecondaryschool,

（美式）ajuniorhigh(school)

30.formal

/informal：構(gòu)詞法：formal—informal

—formally31.adapt：派生詞adaptation

詞塊：adapttosth32.gym：是gymnasium的截短詞，是非正式用語(yǔ)33.moment：常用詞塊：fromthatmomenton,therightmoment,(at)thelastmoment,atthemoment,foramoment,forthemoment,inamoment,themoment(that)34.presentation：present+-ation；詞塊：giveapresentation

35.slide：基本義“滑行；滑動(dòng)”36.forward：詞塊：lookforwardto(doing)sth熟詞生義：n前鋒v轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)，轉(zhuǎn)寄37.digest：派生詞digestion38.recreation：recreate+-ion39.entertainment：entertain+-ment40.rural：反義詞：urban

詞塊：ruralvillages

feature一詞多義英語(yǔ)釋義inspireapplypower一詞多義一詞多義搭配義contact一詞多義熟詞生義一詞多義英語(yǔ)釋義contribute一詞多義辨析義正式用語(yǔ)與非正式用語(yǔ)隱喻重難點(diǎn)詞精講graduate一詞多義tough一詞多義熟詞生義flashdealwith一詞多義10feature近年來網(wǎng)上出現(xiàn)了一種新的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)——網(wǎng)紅臉（也稱蛇精臉），什么是網(wǎng)紅臉？網(wǎng)紅臉的面部特征（facialfeature）是錐子臉，大眼睛，高鼻梁，一字眉的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置。featuren[C]

特征；特點(diǎn)

animportantornoticeablepartofsth：AnimportantfeatureofVanGogh’spaintingsistheirbrightcolours.

面貌的一部分（指眼、口、鼻等）；面貌（特征）apartofsb’sface：havenicefeaturesHereyesareherbestfeature.

人的面部特征事物的特征文森特·梵高（VincentvanGogh，1853年3月30日—1890年7月29日），荷蘭后印象派畫家。代表作有《星月夜》(TheStarryNight)、自畫像系列、向日葵(Sunflowers)系列等。梵高是一位色彩主義畫家，他對(duì)色彩的偏好幾乎達(dá)到了一種癲狂的狀態(tài)，他的畫作中的色彩都是較為奔放、夸張的。文化拓展

（報(bào)紙、雜志等的）特寫；專題節(jié)目a

specialarticleorprogrammeaboutsb/sth：Sheshowedgreatinterestinaspecialfeatureoneducationintoday’snewspaper.報(bào)刊等具有特征的部分特征（基本義）featurefeature語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖事物的特征特點(diǎn)；特征特寫；專題節(jié)目新聞媒體具有特征的部分面貌的一部分（指眼、口、鼻等）；面貌(特征)人的面部特征featurev

vt

是……

的特征；以……為特色

to

includesb/sthasanimportantpart：Thisstore

featuresround-the-clockservice.ThefilmfeaturedAllenRickmanasaprofessor.

vi起重要作用；占重要地位

tohaveanimportantpartinsth：Fishfeaturesin

theJapanesediet.■

v

vi

獲得學(xué)位；畢業(yè)：HegraduatedinphysicsfromCambridgeUniversity.Hewasbornin1942inOxfordandgraduatedfromOxfordUniversity.

vt

使……畢業(yè)；授予……學(xué)位：Thecollegegraduated500studentslastyear.

vi

逐漸升級(jí)為：Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren’sbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.2020浙江

詞源：grad-(grade,步、級(jí))+-u-+-ate名詞詞尾→在學(xué)業(yè)上完成某一步/某一級(jí)→畢業(yè)。同根詞grade,gradual。

graduategraduationn

[U]畢業(yè)：agraduationcertificate

Ayearaftergraduation,Iwasofferedapositionteachingawritingclass.

2011廣東

[U]&[C]畢業(yè)典禮：attendthegraduation

■

n[C]學(xué)位獲得者；畢業(yè)生：agraduateschool

agraduateinmedicine/amedicinegraduateHe’sagraduateofHarvard.詞匯拓展

根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。我們必須提倡獨(dú)創(chuàng)性，激發(fā)創(chuàng)造力，鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新。Wemust__________originality,__________creativityand__________innovation.promoteinspireencouragepromoteinspireencourageinspireinspirevt

激勵(lì)；鼓舞tomakesbwanttodosth：Asportsrolemodelisasportspersonwhoinspiresotherpeopleinacertainway.”

inspiresbtodosth:HertrustinmehasinspiredmetodothingsthatIneverimaginedpossible.2010北京“使吸入”活力inspire由前綴in-（入）、詞根-spir-（呼吸）及詞尾-e組成，意為“使吸入”。inspire詞源解讀

激發(fā)；喚起tomakesbfeel,think,etc.sth：Hisdrivinghardlyinspiresconfidence(=makepeoplefeelconfidentbecausetheytrustyourability).“使吸入”感受

[常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)]啟發(fā)；給……靈感togivesbtheideaforsth：Thispieceofmusicwasinspiredbydolphinsounds.“使吸入”靈感

使吸入（基本義）involve激發(fā)；喚起“使吸入”感受“使吸入”靈感“使吸入”活力inspire語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖激勵(lì)；鼓舞啟發(fā)；給……靈感辨析encourage,promote,inspireencourage：鼓勵(lì)

togivesbsupport,courageorhopeMyparentsencouragedmeinmyfurtherstudies.promote：促進(jìn)

tohelpsthtohappenordevelopAllourprojectsaimtopromotethedevelopmentofpoorandremotecommunities.2019北京inspire：激勵(lì)

tomakesbwanttodosthHeinspiredmanyyoungpeopletotakeupthesport.父母鼓勵(lì)我繼續(xù)深造。我們所有的項(xiàng)目都旨在促進(jìn)貧困和偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)的發(fā)展。他激勵(lì)了很多年輕人參與這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。

辨析可以借助英語(yǔ)釋義詞匯拓展inspiredadj備受鼓舞的inspiring

adj鼓舞人心的inspiration

n[U]靈感；[C]鼓舞人心的人/事：托馬斯·阿爾瓦·愛迪生（ThomasAlvaEdison，1847—1931），美國(guó)人。發(fā)明家、企業(yè)家。他發(fā)明的留聲機(jī)、電影攝影機(jī)和改進(jìn)的電燈對(duì)世界有極大影響。Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.

——EdisonHegavemetheinspirationtopickupmypenagain.2015江蘇改apply詞源義：bringthingsincontactwithoneanother，使事物接觸彼此，即“一物用在另一物上”(touse)。

vt

涂；敷：Apply

thesunscreen/cream/lotionevenlyto

yourfaceandneck.

vt努力；使專注于：

Recently,hehasappliedhimselftohisstudies.乳液等用于皮膚

vt手壓；腳踩：applythebrakesHeslowedthebleedingbyapplyingpressuretothewounds.手腳等用于某物上將精力等長(zhǎng)期用于某事

vi申請(qǐng)

tomakeaformalrequest,usuallyinwriting：①applyforsth:applyforajob/passport/visaIamwritingtoapplyforthepostofvolunteerforourschoolEnglishassociation.2018浙江書面表達(dá)②

applytosb/sth(forsth):applytoacompany/university③

applytodosth:Heappliedtostudycompositionwiththewell-knownmusician.2013山東將才能等用于工作/任務(wù)

vi&vt[不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)](對(duì)……)適用；(對(duì)……)有效：

If

theconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.2014山東

vt運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用；使用：Weplantoapply

whatwewilllearninclassto

ourfutureprofessionsandtoourlives.2018全國(guó)改將知識(shí)、技術(shù)等用于某領(lǐng)域?qū)⒊橄笫挛镉糜谀橙嘶蚰城榫耙晃镉迷诹硪晃锷希ɑ玖x）apply手壓；腳踩乳液等用于皮膚

將知識(shí)、技術(shù)等用于某領(lǐng)域?qū)⒊橄笫挛镉糜谀橙嘶蚰城榫芭Γ皇箤Ｗ⒂趯⒕Φ乳L(zhǎng)期用于某事apply語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖手腳等用于某物上將才能等用于工作/任務(wù)（對(duì)……）適用/有效申請(qǐng)涂；敷運(yùn)用；應(yīng)用；使用【拓展】同族詞apply,applicant,applicationapplicant

n[C]申請(qǐng)人；應(yīng)征者：application

n[C]&[U]successfulapplicants

申請(qǐng)；申請(qǐng)書；申請(qǐng)表：

應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用；[縮略為app]應(yīng)用程序：makepracticalapplicationof

newtechnology

toteachingThisisanewinventionthatwillhaveawiderangeofapplications

inindustry.ajobapplicationaccept/rejectsb’sapplicationfillin/outanapplication(form)同義異構(gòu)：usepower生活中的power能力電力功率力量powern

[U]能力；[可用復(fù)數(shù)](生理)機(jī)能：Iwilldoeverythinginmypowertohelpyou.Aftertheaccidentshelostthepowerofspeech.

[U]力量；威力：Everystormisanexampleofthepower

ofnature.四者都有“力”“力量”之意，但具體意思不同。1.force

指外力、強(qiáng)迫力、破壞力(包括武力)；物理學(xué)中指“力”。

Theforceoftheexplosionblewoutallthewindows.2.energy指人的精力、活力；物理學(xué)中指“能量”。

Wheredoesthelittlegirlgetherenergy?

theworld’senergyresources3.strength

指人體或物體內(nèi)存在的力，如氣力、耐力、抵抗力。

Shedidn’tevenhavethestrengthtostandup.

Theboyliftedthestonewithallhisstrength.4.

power

指人的能力、力量、權(quán)力、勢(shì)力，物的“能力”。物理學(xué)中指“動(dòng)力”“功率”。

Weightliftershavebigpowerintheirarmsandlegs.

physicalpower/strength辨析force,enegy,strength,power

[U]控制力；影響力：Onceyouareconfidentaboutyourpowerover

badsituations,problemsarejuststeppingstones

tosuccess.

2010廣東

[U]統(tǒng)治；政權(quán)：apoliticalparty

inpowerThepartycametopower

atthelastelection.

[U]權(quán)力；職權(quán)：Morethanfameorfortune,shewantedpower.

[C]大國(guó)；強(qiáng)國(guó)：anindustrialpowerworldpowers

?[U]動(dòng)力；電力；功率：wind/nuclear/solarpowerapowerstation

apowerfailure

/

cut

enginepower■vt驅(qū)動(dòng)；推動(dòng)：Theaircraftispoweredbyajetengine.powerfuladj

強(qiáng)壯的；強(qiáng)健的：apowerfulbody

強(qiáng)大的；有權(quán)勢(shì)的：Neverbeforehasourcountrybeensopowerfulasitistoday.

作用大的；效力大的

havingastrongeffect：apowerfuldrugGoodteamworkisapowerfultool(=veryeffectivemethod)foreffectivemanagement.powerfullyadv

強(qiáng)有力地【詞匯拓展】power

語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖能、力（名詞）基本義做事的能力或身體的某種機(jī)能物理上的某種能量能力；機(jī)能力量；威力動(dòng)力；電力；功率提供動(dòng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)；推動(dòng)（動(dòng)詞）對(duì)事務(wù)的控制或影響“政治”上對(duì)一個(gè)國(guó)家的管控行政上的“力量”控制力；影響力統(tǒng)治；政權(quán)權(quán)力；職權(quán)有強(qiáng)大影響力或統(tǒng)治力的國(guó)家政權(quán)大國(guó)；強(qiáng)國(guó)tough

詞源解讀英文詞源：Fromc.1200as“strong,powerful”;c.1300as“nottenderorfragile”.基本義：結(jié)實(shí)的；強(qiáng)壯的臺(tái)前幕后，吳京都可謂是一個(gè)名副其實(shí)的硬漢。“硬漢”在英文中除了可以說toughman，還可以用hardy來形容，例如：Mostofthesoldierswerehardyyoungmen.（大部分戰(zhàn)士都是吃苦耐勞的小伙子。）tough的語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖結(jié)實(shí)的質(zhì)地“結(jié)實(shí)的”，難以切割或折斷體格結(jié)實(shí)的、性格彪悍不易屈服結(jié)實(shí)的；堅(jiān)固的強(qiáng)壯的；堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的（食物等）嚼不爛的；老的艱苦的；艱難的；棘手的強(qiáng)硬的；嚴(yán)厲的食物“結(jié)實(shí)的”態(tài)度“結(jié)實(shí)”不易改變的生活、工作等“結(jié)實(shí)”難于對(duì)付的由一般到特殊由具象到抽象由物到人基本義基本義由具象到抽象1.atoughpairofshoes2.Areyousureyou’rephysicallytoughenoughforthisjob?3.Heplaysthetoughguyinthemovie.

4.Themeatwastoughandhardtochew.5.Don’tbetootoughon/withhim—heisonlyachild.6.atoughlife/job7.Itwasatoughdecisiontomake.根據(jù)tough的基本義到衍生義，寫出下列句子中tough的漢語(yǔ)意思。結(jié)實(shí)的；堅(jiān)固的強(qiáng)壯的(食物等)嚼不爛的；老的嚴(yán)厲的艱難的；棘手的強(qiáng)壯的艱難的；棘手的flash■

n

[C]閃光；閃現(xiàn)；（思想、情感的）突現(xiàn)：Aflashoflightninglitupthenightsky.aflashofanger/inspiration

[C]&[U]閃光燈：I’llneedflashforthisshot.

[U]網(wǎng)站動(dòng)畫制作程序flashcard教學(xué)卡片；識(shí)字卡in/likeaflash很快地；馬上：Justwaithere.I’llbebackinaflash.■

v

vi&vt（使）閃光；（使）閃耀：Policecarsarrivedwiththeirbluelightsflashing.Whyisthatdriverflashinghislightsat/towardsme?

vi

閃現(xiàn)；突然想到：AsmileflashedacrossKathy’sface.2008湖北Memoriesflashedthroughhismind.2008江蘇Agoodideaflashedintomymind.flashlightn[C]手電筒(BrEtorch)；閃光信號(hào)燈

處理；對(duì)付；應(yīng)付(handle)：She’susedtodealingwithallkindsofpeopleinherjob.dealwith

涉及；論及：ThisbookdealswiththeancienthistoryofChina.

和……做生意

todobusinesswithsb：Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasanttodealwith.

2010四川=beconcernedwithdealwith的語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖

處理（基本義）處理人或事情處理某個(gè)話題處理生意處理；對(duì)付；應(yīng)付涉及；論及和……做生意dealwith,solve,settledealwith:todowhatisnecessary,especiallyinordertosolveaproblem；dealwith側(cè)重“處理”問題，不強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果。solve:Ifyousolveaproblem,youdealwithitsuccessfully.solve是“解決”問題，拿到了結(jié)果。settle:toendanargumentordisagreement;settle強(qiáng)調(diào)爭(zhēng)端或爭(zhēng)議最終“定”了下來。contactDoyouwearcontacts?Contacts聯(lián)系人contact

[U]觸碰；接觸：

physicalcontactKeep

eyecontact

inconversationtobuildtrust.2015安徽

Thebombexplodes

oncontact.

[U]聯(lián)系；聯(lián)絡(luò)；交往：

Thepilot

lostcontactwiththecontroltower.TheInternethelpsmetoget/keep/stayincontactwithmyfriends.Ihavemanagedtomakecontactwith

anoldfriend.

[C][常用復(fù)數(shù)]社會(huì)關(guān)系；門路；熟人：Inthepast,itwasalwayseasytogetajobifyouhadfriendsandcontacts.ncontact的語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖觸碰；接觸聯(lián)系；聯(lián)絡(luò)；交往社會(huì)關(guān)系；門路；熟人接觸基本義身體部位的接觸抽象意義的接觸有接觸的人vt(用電話、信件等)聯(lián)系/聯(lián)絡(luò)(某人)：

Pleasecontactmebye-mailifyouareinterested.contribute

tribe由tri（three，

三）+-be構(gòu)成，來自拉丁語(yǔ)tribus,部落、宗族、地區(qū)，特指古羅馬城邦三個(gè)宗族集團(tuán)——Latins(拉丁人)，Sabines(薩賓人)，Etruscans(伊特魯里亞人)

。tribe（部落）tribute貢品、貢金con-（一起）+tributecontribute(一起把貢品獻(xiàn)給……)

→貢獻(xiàn)contribute由con-+-tribute構(gòu)成。contribute

v

vt&vi貢獻(xiàn)；捐助；捐獻(xiàn)：It

wasgenerousofhertocontributesuchalargesumofmoney.contribute(sth)tosth:ImmigrantshavecontributedtoAmericancultureinmanyways.contribute(money)totheRedCrossHenevercontributes(ideas)tothediscussion.

vi

造成/促使(某事發(fā)生)tohelptomakesthhappen：Lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcancontributetodepressionandevencrimes.2020天津Stressisacontributingfactorinmanyillnesses.

vt&vi投(稿)；撰(稿)：Shecontributedanumberofarticles

tothemagazine.contributionn[C]

貢獻(xiàn)：IadmireEdisonalotbecausehemadeagreatcontributionto

theworld.

捐款；捐獻(xiàn)物：Igaveacontributionof$100to/toward

thechurch.2008湖南書面表達(dá)改

稿件；作品：Thisisamagazinewithcontributionsfromwell-knowntravelwriters.?contributorn[C]捐款人；撰稿人；起作用的因素同結(jié)構(gòu)：waytosth,keytosth,solutiontosth二者均可表示“捐獻(xiàn)”，其后均可接to。表示捐錢或衣物時(shí)，二者可互換使用。?Itismoremeaningfultodonate/contributebooksandsportsgoodstochildreninneed.2013江蘇改donate

還有“獻(xiàn)血”之意。?Manypeoplehavedonatedthattypeofblood.2012北京contribute側(cè)重指“貢獻(xiàn)”，通常指貢獻(xiàn)財(cái)力、物力、智力等。此外，contribute還可表示“促成”“起作用”“投稿”的意思。?Ibelievethateachofuscancontributetothefutureoftheworld.?Honestyandhardworkcontributetosuccessandhappiness.?Thescientistoftencontributestoanacademicjournal.辨

donate,contributecontribute語(yǔ)義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖貢獻(xiàn)contribute(基本義)“貢獻(xiàn)”人力、物力、財(cái)力等為某事的發(fā)生做“貢獻(xiàn)”“貢獻(xiàn)”稿件等貢獻(xiàn)；捐助；捐獻(xiàn)造成/促使(某事發(fā)生)投(稿)；撰(稿)貢獻(xiàn)contribution捐款；捐獻(xiàn)物稿件；作品J.K.Rowling’snovelHarryPottermadeagreatcontributiontotheworldliterature.Shehascontributedalotofmoneytothecharitysinceshebecamerich.Toinspireotherwriters,shesharedsomerejectionlettersfromthepublishers.Thoseletters

related

to

The

Cuckoo’sCalling.J.K.Rowlingcontributedthenoveltoamagazineunderthe

name

ofGalbraith

without

revealing

her

true

identity.Thefirstwasrejectedbyseveralpublishers,andRowlingwasevenadvisedtotakeawritingcourse.WhenTheCuckoo’sCallingeventuallyfoundapublisherin2013,itwasachievingrespectablesalesbeforethesecretofitsauthorshipbroke,anditcontributedtothenovelreachingthetopofthebestsellerlists.比較下面兩個(gè)句子，說說lookforajob和seekajob有什么區(qū)別？IhopetolookforajobinBeijing.IhopetoseekajobinBeijing.正式用語(yǔ)多用在嚴(yán)肅的正式場(chǎng)合，如商業(yè)信函、報(bào)告、講座、會(huì)議，以及與陌生人和比自己級(jí)別高的人的禮貌交談中。非正式用語(yǔ)則多用在放松的非正式場(chǎng)合，如與熟人的日常交流，包括會(huì)話和書信往來等?？偟膩碚f，書面語(yǔ)多用正式用語(yǔ)，口語(yǔ)多用非正式用語(yǔ)。seek是正式用語(yǔ)正式用語(yǔ)與非正式用語(yǔ)InformalNeutral（中性的）Formal找工作/lookforajobajob種類/kind/type而且plus/

/furthermore/moreover起床/getup青少年

teenager/由于/becauseof/thanksto打算回家/plantogohometogohome因此；所以/so/thereforeseek

sort

besides

ariseteendueto

intend

thus英語(yǔ)中的metaphor（隱喻）來源于希臘語(yǔ)metaphora，該詞由meta-(over)和pherein(tocarry)合成，合起來意思是tocarryover（拿過來）。因此，隱喻的本質(zhì)是用一種事物來理解另一種事物，并且多是參照熟悉的、有形的、具體的事物來認(rèn)識(shí)和表達(dá)無形的、抽象的事物。隱喻是一種思維方式，無處不在，它是多義詞產(chǎn)生詞義的主要理?yè)?jù)。建立隱喻思維能更好地理解和掌握由基本義到衍生義這一思維。隱喻metaphor本單元的隱喻單詞基本義比喻義chapter（文章、書等的）章節(jié)

surf（網(wǎng)上）沖浪goal球門pressure（下壓產(chǎn)生的）壓力contact

聯(lián)系；聯(lián)絡(luò)target目標(biāo)（歷史或人生的）重要篇章沖浪

（氣體或液體產(chǎn)生的）壓力/壓強(qiáng)；（精神上的、外界施加的）壓力目標(biāo)

觸碰；接觸

靶子隨堂檢測(cè)feature根據(jù)句意寫出畫線詞的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Aninterestingfeatureofthecityistheoldmarket.

_____________2.Hehaswonderfulstrongfeatures._____________3.WearedelightedtoseetheSundayTimesrunningalongfeatureonglobalwarming.

_____________特征容貌專題graduate

在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

1.Iwaslucky:Ibecameapilotin1970,almosttenyearsbeforeIgraduated_________medicalschool.（2013全國(guó)）2.After_________(graduate),sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.（2020山東）3.Likemanynew_________(graduate),IleftuniversityfullofhopeforthefuturebutwithnorealideaofwhatIwantedtodo.（2014廣東）fromgraduationgraduates一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Cathyhasinspireduswithherwillandenthusiasm.(2016

天津)________2.Thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.

(2014天津)________

3.HispaintingswereclearlyinspiredbyMonet’swork.________二、在空白處填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Hislovingandselflessnaturehasinspiredme___________(become)moresympatheticandconsiderate,puttingothersfirst.(2013天津)2.Thisisbyfarthemost___________(inspire)moviethatIhaveeverseen.

(2013

遼寧)3.__________(inspire)bythis,Idecidedtorealizemydream,eventhoughsomeofmyfamilymembersandmydoctorwereagainstit.(2011

北京)激勵(lì)；鼓舞

激發(fā)；喚起啟發(fā)inspiretobecomeinspiringInspired三、根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)及提示，將下列句子譯成英語(yǔ)。1.你總是特別地關(guān)照我，并激勵(lì)我參加活動(dòng)。(inspire)________________________________________________________________________________________2.家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)孩子克服困難，并鼓舞他們自我發(fā)展。（2013福建）(inspire,develop)

_________________________________________________________________________________________

3.我們讀書除了為獲取知識(shí)外，還可以得到樂趣和靈感。__________________________________________________________________________________________Youalwaysgavemespecialattentionandinspiredmetojoininactivities.Parentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentoovercomedifficultiesandinspirethemtodevelopbythemselves.Inadditionto/Aswellasreadingforknowledge,wereadforfunandinspiration.漢譯英。1.申請(qǐng)圖書管理員的工作________________________________2.將所學(xué)用于實(shí)踐________________________________3.涂抹化妝品_______________4.施壓/用力____________________5.Benwoulddowellifonlyhe____________________（努力）.

(apply)applyforajobasalibrarianapplywhatonehaslearnedtopracticeapplymake-upapplypressure/forceappliedhimselfapply6.我的申請(qǐng)若能得到您的批準(zhǔn)，我將感激不盡。（2011重慶書面表達(dá)）_____________________________________________________7.這些規(guī)定對(duì)所有人都適用，包括你。______________________________________________________8.我正在申請(qǐng)一家外企的暑期兼職工作，剛剛寫完了求職信和簡(jiǎn)歷。（2016全國(guó)書面表達(dá)改）______________________________________________________Iwouldappreciateitifmyapplicationcouldgetyourapproval.Therulesapplytoeveryone,includingyou.I’mapplyingforapart-timejobataforeigncompanyduringthesummervacation,andIhavejustcompletedmyapplicationletterandresume.一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.IhadastrongbeliefinmypowertogetwhatIwanted.（2011陜西）_________

2.Peopleareadvisedtobuildupphysical

power.（2015天津）

_________3.Governmentsruledwithabsolute

(絕對(duì)的)

power.（2015江蘇）

_________4.Windpower

isanancientsourceofenergytowhichwemayreturninthenearfuture._________

能力體力權(quán)力風(fēng)能power二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)和所給提示完成下列句子。1.很抱歉，我無權(quán)就這個(gè)項(xiàng)目做最終的決定。(beyond)Iamsorry___________________tomakeafinaldecisionontheproject.

2.他們家里總備有蠟燭以防停電。(incase)

Theyalwayskeepcandlesinthehouse_________________________________.3.總理在會(huì)上作了一場(chǎng)有感染力的演說。(make)ThePrimeMinister_______________________atthemeeting.it’sbeyondmypowerincasethereismadeapowerfulspeech

apowercut/failure根據(jù)句意寫出畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。

________1.Youhavetobetoughtobesuccessfulinpolitics.

________2.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthetoughsituation.（2012

全國(guó)閱讀）

________3.Meanwhile,inthosecountrieswheretheshawls（披肩）aresold,policearegettingtoughwiththedealers.tough強(qiáng)硬的;嚴(yán)厲的艱難的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的寫出下列句子中畫線部分精準(zhǔn)的漢語(yǔ)釋義。flash1.Naomihasbeenusingflashcardstoenrichhervocabulary.

2.Uponsittingontheship,Dadwasalittleawkwardabouthisflashof

fear.（2011重慶改）

3.Lightning(閃電)flashedthroughthedarknessoverSibson’sbedroomwindow.（2012四川改）

教學(xué)卡片/識(shí)字卡閃光/閃耀突如其來的恐懼一、根據(jù)句意寫出畫線部分的漢語(yǔ)釋義。1.Thosewhofrequentlydealwith

manythingsatthesametimewerefoundtoperformtheworstattheactualmultitaskingtest.（2013北京）_________

2.HelivedinChinaforseveralyearsandmanyofhisbookshavedealtwith

Chinesehistoryandculture.