讀寫任務(wù)議論文寫作導(dǎo)練

PAGEPAGE2PAGEPAGE2讀寫任務(wù)議論文寫作導(dǎo)練(一)閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。Youmusthaveheardstresscontributesto80%ofmajorillnessandisresponsiblefor75%to90%ofdoctor’svisits.Butthat’snotstress;it’sdistress.“Stressistheonlyanti-agingagentweknowof–theexactoppositeofwhatwethink,”sayspsychologistJamesE.Loehr.Whatreallybringshappinessismeetingobstaclesandovercomingthem.Thedamageoccurswhenstresslevelsnevergodown.Arecentstudyshowedittookninedayslongerfortheconstantlystressedfamilycaregiversofchronically(慢性地)illpatientstohealfromwoundsthanittookotherpeoplethesameage.Stressisessential.Lifewithoutitwouldbelikehavingabrand-newcherry-redPorscheanddrivingitonlyinthedriveway.[寫作內(nèi)容]1)以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)；2)然后以約120個(gè)詞就“你如何看待壓力”的主題發(fā)表看法，并包括如下要點(diǎn)：a)你是如何看待壓力的？b)在你的學(xué)習(xí)或生活中壓力是否大？如何正視壓力？[寫作指導(dǎo)](1)扼要概括：本文的論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、結(jié)論。論點(diǎn)Stressistheonlyanti-agingagentweknowof論據(jù)Distresscontributesto80%ofmajorillnessandisresponsiblefor75%to90%ofdoctor’svisits.結(jié)論Stresswouldbringyouhappiness.用自己的話表達(dá)：論點(diǎn)→stressisnotanobstaclebutapowerinourlife,itisgoodforustostayyoung.論據(jù)和結(jié)論→Accordingtothestudy,weknowthatstressisnecessaryinourlife,whichcanmotivateustogoahead.(2)構(gòu)思經(jīng)歷：作者認(rèn)為壓力是抗衰老的有效藥劑，生活的真正快樂(lè)來(lái)源于壓力給予我們的不斷的動(dòng)力。因此，可以介紹我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中是如何將壓力變?yōu)閯?dòng)力，及如何正視壓力。(二)閱讀下面的短文，然后按要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。Yearsagoitwasverydifficulttotravelfromoneplacetoanother.Thejourneyswereoftenlong,tiringanddangerous.Todaythepicturehaschanged.Sciencehasimprovedtransportationandcommunicationfacilitiesagreatdeal.Travelinghasbecomesafer,moreenjoyableandaboveall,moreeconomical.Traveling—whetherwithinone’scountryorabroad—bringsmanyinvaluablebenefits.Peopletravelforpleasure,businessorforeducationandknowledge.Intheworldofyesterdaymostpeoplewereonlyabletoreadaboutstrangeandfascinatingplacesacrossthemountainsandseas.Later,withthecomingofthecinemaandtelevision,man’scuriosityaboutfarawayplaceswithstrangesoundingnameswasfurtherstirredup.Todayman’scuriositycanbesatisfiedinluxuriouscomfort.Therearefirst-classshipsandairplanestotakehimwherehisdreamslie.Wetraveltoincreaseourknowledgeoftheworldinwhichwelive.Knowledgeobtainedfrombooksaloneisnotenough.Newknowledgeofdifferentlandsandpeoplesenrichourmindandsoul.Booksgenerallydonotgiveusaverytruepictureoflandsbeyondourshores.Someofthemareevenmisleading.[寫作內(nèi)容]1)以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)；2)然后以約120個(gè)詞就“現(xiàn)代交通的利與弊”的主題發(fā)表看法，并包括如下要點(diǎn)：a)通過(guò)古今對(duì)比說(shuō)明現(xiàn)代交通給我們帶來(lái)的好處；b)現(xiàn)代交通方式給我們帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響；c)就如何消除這些負(fù)面影響提出你的建議。[寫作指導(dǎo)](1)寫摘要：首先，找準(zhǔn)主題句，①Sciencehasimprovedtransportationandcommunicationfacilitiesagreatdeal.Travelinghasbecomesafer,moreenjoyableandaboveall,moreeconomical.(第一段最后兩句)②論點(diǎn)：Travelingbringsmanyinvaluablebenefits.(第二段第一句)；論據(jù)是：Peopletravelforpleasure,businessorforeducationandknowledge.(第二段第二句)Wetraveltoincreaseourknowledgeoftheworld.(第三段第一句)。然后，用一兩句自己的話把他們有機(jī)地聯(lián)系起來(lái)。(2)列要點(diǎn)：根據(jù)要點(diǎn)列提綱，表達(dá)個(gè)人看法。Para.2:advantages—Inthepast….Butnow…disadvantages—airpollution,trafficjams,lackofenergy…Para.3:suggestions—a)makerulesb)usebicyclesinsteadofcars(3)擴(kuò)展成句，連句成文：①使用句子連接。如，用Ican’tagreemore.把摘要和個(gè)人看法聯(lián)接起來(lái)。②使用連詞或連接性副詞。如：a)alsob)Firstly….Secondly…c)Tobeginwith…What’smore/Besides/Moreover…Lastbutnotleast…(三)閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。Whenwemeetwithdifficultiesinlife,wenoticethatsomeofuschoosetoburyheadsinthesand.Unfortunately,however,thisattitudewilldoyounogood,becauseifyouhavenocouragetofacethem,howcanyouconquerthem?Thus,beoptimistic;asitcangiveyouconfidenceandhelpyouseeyourselfthroughthehardtimes.Keepingoptimistic,youwillbeabletorealize,inspiteofsomehardship,there’salwayshopewaitingforyou,whichwillleadyoutotheultimatesuccess.ThomasEdisonisoptimistic;ifnot,thelightofhopeinhisheartcouldnotgivelighttothewholeworld.AlfredNobelisoptimistic;ifnot,theexplosivesandtheNobelPrizewouldnothavecomeintobeing.Arosemaybebeautiful,ormaybenot.Thatdependsonyourattitudeonly.Sodoessuccess,andsodoeslife.Difficultiesdoexist,butifyouareoptimistic,thentheyareonlyepisodes(插曲)onyourlongwaytosuccess;therearemorebridgesthanobstacles!ThegreatBritishpoetShelley’slinessay,“Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?[寫作內(nèi)容]1)以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)；2)然后以約120個(gè)詞就“人為什么要樂(lè)觀？”的主題發(fā)表看法，并以自己的親身體驗(yàn)為例，說(shuō)明樂(lè)觀至少有下列好處：a)使人身心健康；b)使人每天心情愉悅，開心度過(guò)每一天；c)使我們能夠勇敢地面對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)中所遇到的挫折；d)使人性格隨和，能與他人和諧相處。參考范文(一)StresskeepsyouyoungThepassagetellsusthatstressisnotanobstaclebutapowerofsuccessinyourlife.What’smore,itisgoodforustostayyoung.Accordingtothestudy,weknowthatstressisnecessaryinourlife,whichcanmotivateustogoahead.Everyoneisaffectedbystressfulsituations.Howtomanageyourstress?Iholdthesameviewwiththeauthor:stressisessentialandweshouldbeluckytobetogetherwithit.Asforme,Iamkeenonstudyingandenjoythestressfromstudynow.Onceuponatime,Iwasdiscouragedbecauseoftoomuchstressfromheavystudytask.Later,Ifoundthekeytotakingstresshead-onisbeingrelaxed.Thebetteryourelax,thebettermoodyoucangetfromstudy.Don’tbepessimisticwhenstresscomesintoview,maybeit’saturningpointinyourlife.(二)OnModernTransportationWiththehelpofscience,transportationmakestravelingsaferandeasier,whichbringslotsofbenefitslikesatisfyingman’scuriosityandincreasingman’sknowledgeoftheworld.Ican’tagreemore.Asthelegendgoes:TocarrythenewsoftheGreekvictory,Pheidippides,aprofessionalrunner,hadtorun42kilometerswithoutstopping.Hedroppeddeadofexhaustionaftershouting,“Rejoice,weconquer!”Thathappenedin490BC,butnowit’seasyforustocoverthisdistancebycar.Withthehelpofmoderntransportation,wecangoeverywherewepreferto.Eventhejourneytoouterspaceisnotadreamanymore.Despitetheobviousadvantagesofmoderntransportation,ithasalsocreatedmanynegativeeffectssuchasairpollution,trafficjamsandlackofenergy.Tosolvetheproblems,inmymind,therearetwoways.Ononehand,rulesshouldbemadefordriverstofollow.Ontheotherhand,ifpossible,we’dbetterusebicyclesinsteadofcarstosaveenergyaswellaseasingtrafficjams.(三)KeepingoptimisticWecanknowfromthepassageifweareoptimisticwecanconquerdifferentkindsofdifficul