2023屆江蘇省前黃中學(xué)·姜堰中學(xué)·如東中學(xué)·沭陽(yáng)中學(xué)高三4月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題（含聽力）（解析版）

江蘇省前黃中學(xué)·姜堰中學(xué)·如東中學(xué)·沭陽(yáng)中學(xué)2023屆高三聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inanoffice. C.Inapostoffice.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:DidMr.WhitecallmewhenIwasoutforlunch,Mrs.Campbell?W:No,noonecalled,butthedeliverymanjustleftamomentago.Hehadputapackageonyourdesk.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Cloudy.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Therainhasstopped.Let’sgooutforawalk.W:Idon’tknow.Itmightstartrainingagain.Ithinkwe’dbetterhangontillthesuncomesout.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman’sweekendplans. B.Theman’sschoollife. C.Theman’sfriends.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyougoingtodoattheweekend?M:I’mgoingtohavemusiclessons,andI’malsogoingtoseeafilmwithmyfriends.W:Soundsgood.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmostprobablytalkingabout?A.Abook. B.Anactor. C.Afilm.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ithoughtthatwasboring.Itwastoolong.Andtheactingwasnotverygood.W:Ithadalotofbigstarsinit.M:Yes.Butthestoryitselfwasterrible.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwant?A.Shipmodels. B.Somechips. C.Pigdolls.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Heymom,areyouatthesupermarketnow?W:Hello?Sweetie,thesoundisn’tveryclear.M:Don’tforgettobringmesomechips,andIdon’twantasmallbag.Iwantabigone.W:Apigship?Whatisit?Amodel?Ican’thearyouclearly.Youcantextme.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatsizecardoesthemanwanttorent?A.Small-size. B.Mid-size. C.Full-size.7.Whatstopsthemanfromrentingthebluecar?A.Thesizeisn’tsuitable. B.Thepriceistoohigh. C.Themodelistooold.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:Thompson’sCarRental.MayIhelpyou,sir?M:Yeah,I’dliketorentacarfortwodays,please.W:Sure.Whatsizedoyouprefer?Full-size,mid-size,orsmall-size?M:It’sjustmeandmywife,soIguessasmallonewouldbebigenough.Actuallythisblueonelooksprettygood.Howmuchwouldyouchargeforit?W:It’dbe$250perday.M:Thatmuch?W:It’sthenewestmodelsir.M:Uh,canyourecommendacheaperone?聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.WhydoesthewomancallDr.Brown’sOffice?A.Tokeepanappointment. B.Todelayanappointment. C.Tocancelanappointment.9.Whatshouldthewomandotoavoidbeingcharged?A.Calladayinadvance. B.Calltwodaysinadvance. C.Callthreedaysinadvance.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shecan’tmeetDoctorBrownforhercatchingabadcold.B.Shewillbechargedfor24dollarsforthedelayedcancelling.C.Shehasmadeanotherappointmentforherunderstanding.【答案】8.C9.B10.A【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Dr.Brown’soffice.HowcanIhelpyou?W:Hi,thisisSusanSmith.I’mcallingaboutmyappointmentwithDoctorBrowntodayat3:30p.m.I’msorrytosaythatIcan’tbetherebythen.M:Whathappened?W:Igottheflu.Ihaveafeverandaheadache.CanIcancelmyappointment?M:Sure,youcan,butyou’llbechargedfor$10.W:Oh,there’scharge?Why?M:Thisisforthedelayedcancelling.Becausethistimeisreservedforyou,ifyouareunabletokeepanappointment,youshouldcallus48hoursinadvance.Otherwise,thechargewillbemade.W:Isee.That’sOK.I’llpay.M:Thanksforyourunderstanding.Doyouwanttomakeanotherappointment?W:No,notrightnow.Thankyou.Bye.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.HowdoesJoannafeel?A.Tired. B.Happy. C.Anxious.12.WhydoesJoannawanttomakebreakfast?A.Topracticecooking. B.Topaybackhermum. C.Tolookafterhersickmum.13.WhatcanweknowaboutJoanna?A.Shehasgotmarried.B.Shecangetupearlyeveryday.C.Shelovesherfathermorethanhermother.【答案】11.A12.B13.A【解析】【原文】M:Youlooktirednow.Joanna.W:Iknow.Igotupat4amtomakebreakfastformymother.M:Youareagreatdaughter.W:Notreally.Itismymotherwhoiswonderful.Shegavemelifeandbroughtmeupverywell.M:SoyoutrytorepayheronMother’sDay.W:Right.Butshehasgivenmesomuchthatitwilltakehundredsofyearstorepayher.M:MaybeweshouldhaveMother’sDayeverydayinsteadofjustonceayear.W:It’sagoodidea.Jeff.ButIcan’tgetupsoearlytomakebreakfastforhereveryday.M:Weshouldtellourmomshowmuchwelovethemmoreoften.W:Iagree!Iwilltellmyhusbandyourgreatidea.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Oldfriends. C.Doctorandpatient.15.Whydoesthemanlookfatnow?A.Heexercisesless. B.Hiswifetoldhimtoeatmore. C.Helosthisjob.16.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Sheistoobusytoworkoutinahealthclub.B.It’scheaptoapplyformembership.C.Normalpeopleshouldexerciseeveryday.17.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.Weak. B.Fat. C.Thin.【答案】14.B15.A16.B17.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi!It’sgoodtoseeyouagain.W:Yes.it’sbeenalongtime.Hey,you’vegottenbiggersincethelasttimeIsawyou.M:Yeah,eversinceIgotmarried,I’vebeenputtingonweight.Mywife’sagoodcook.W:Iknowalotofpeoplewholetthemselvesgoaftertheygetmarried.Butdon’tblameyourwife’sgoodcooking.Youneedtostartexercisingagain.M:IknowIshould.ButafterIcomehomefromwork,I’mtootiredtoexercise.AndIdon’thaveanyplacetoworkoutanyway.W:Haveyouthoughtaboutjoiningahealthclub?M:Ihave.Buttheyareexpensive.Also,Ihavefriendswhogothereanditseemslikealltheyeverdoisworkout.Ijustdon’thavethetime.W:I’mamemberofSpaFitnessandyou’dbesurprisedathowinexpensiveayear’smembershipis.It’struethatthereareafewpeoplewhoarecrazyaboutbody-building,butmostofthemembersare“normal”peoplewhoworkoutforaboutanhourjustthreetimesaweek.M:Soundsreasonable.Imean,youlookskinnyenough.W:Well,totellthetruth,Ihaven’talwaysbeenthisslim.AfterIturned30,Istartedputtingonweight.Fromthenon,Idecidedtotakeregularexerciseandhavebeeninshapeeversince.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】18.Whereisthespeakernow?A.Inaclassroom. B.Inahospital. C.Onaplane.19.Whatshouldyoudoinanemergencywhenyouarewithachild?A.Makesurethatthechild’soxygenmaskisonfirst.B.Makesurethatyourownmaskisonfirst.C.Makesurethatthechildcanhelphimselfwiththemask.20.Whatshouldyoudoinanemergencylanding?A.Makesureyoutakeyourluggagewithyou.B.Putonyouroxygenmaskatonce.C.Findthenearestexitfirst.【答案】18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】M:Ladiesandgentlemen,onbehalfofthecrewIaskthatyoupleasedirectyourattentiontothemonitorsaboveaswereviewtheemergencyprocedures.Therearesixemergencyexitsonthisaircraft.Takeamomenttolocatetheexitclosesttoyou.Notethatthenearestexitmaybebehindyou.Countthenumberofrowstothisexit.Shouldthecabinexperiencesuddenpressureloss,staycalmandlistentoinstructionsfromthecabincrew.Oxygenmaskswilldropdownfromaboveyourseat.Placethemaskoveryourmouthandnose,likethis.Pullthestraptotightenit.Ifyouaretravelingwithchildren,makesurethatyourownmaskisonfirstbeforehelpingyourchildren.Intheunlikelyeventofanemergencylanding,leaveyourcarry-onitemsbehind.Liferaftsarelocatedbelowyourseatsandemergencylightingwillleadyoutoyourclosestexitandslide.Weaskthatyoumakesurethatallcarry-onluggageisputawaysafelyduringtheflight.Whilewewaitfortheplanetotakeoff,pleasetakeamomenttoreviewthesafetydatecardintheseatpocketinfrontofyou.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVisitorcodeofconductTheCanadaAgricultureandFoodMuseumisanationalmuseumandopentoall.Respectfuluseofthespace,sources,andanimalsensuresasafeandenrichingenvironmentforallvisitors.ProhibiteditemsThepossessionoruseofobjectsthataredangerousorprohibitedbylawisnotpermittedduringmuseumvisitsorevents.Backpacks,sportsbags,andpursesmaybesubjectto“bagsearches”atallentrypoints.Thefollowingitemsarenotpermittedintothemuseum:anyobjectthatmakesnoise,anyanimalexceptserviceanimals,anydangerousitems,anyweapon,pocketknife,blade,andpepperspray.HoursThemuseumisopenyear-round.Currenthoursofoperationare9:10am—4:30pmfromWednesdaytoSunday,includingstatutoryholidays,exceptDecember25.Themuseumoffersfreeadmissionfrom3:30pm—4:30pm.Pleasereserveyourticketsinadvance.AdmissionAdult:$12.25Age60+:$10.25Youth(ages3-17):$10.25Member:FreeFilmingandphotosThemuseumwelcomesvisitorstotakeeitherphotosorvideoimagesofthemuseum’sanimals,buildings,exhibitions,andgroundsduringopeninghours.Allphotosareforpersonaluseonly,notprofessional.Pleaseberespectfuloftheanimalswhileusingyourcamera.Gettingtoocloseorbeingtooaggressiveinyourattempttogetanimagecouldcompromiseyoursafetyandcausestresstotheanimals.Forsafetyreasonsandfortheenjoymentofallvisitors,allindoorphotographyorvideorecordingmustbedonewithhand-helddevicesonly;notripod(三腳架)orselfiesticksindoors.ContactPhone:613-991-3044Address:P.O.Box9724,StationTOttawa,ONK1G5A3Canada21.Onwhichdaywillthemuseumbeopenfrom9:10amto4:30pm?A.OnTuesday. B.OnMonday.C.OnChristmasDay. D.OnNewYear’sDay.22.Howmuchwillacouple(nonmembers)andten-year-oldtwinspayfortheirtickets?A.45dollars. B.34.75dollars.C.22.5dollars. D.32.75dollars.23.Whyisaselfiestickforbiddenwhileyouarephotographinginthemuseum?A.Itmakesyourobjectsoutoffocus.B.Itmightendangerthevisitorsaroundyou.C.Itmightdisturbtheanimalsyouphotograph.D.Itmakesyouconsideredtobeunprofessional.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是參觀加拿大農(nóng)業(yè)和食品博物館的相關(guān)信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hours部分中的“Themuseumisopenyear-round.Currenthoursofoperationare9:10am—4:30pmfromWednesdaytoSunday,includingstatutoryholidays,exceptDecember25.(博物館全年開放。目前的營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間為周三至周日上午9：10至下午4：30，包括法定節(jié)假日，12月25日除外。)”可知，該博物館常年開放，目前開放時(shí)間是包含節(jié)假日在內(nèi)開放時(shí)間是從周三到周日上午9:10到下午4:30，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，新年符合條件。故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Admission部分中的“Adult:$12.25；Age60+:$10.25；Youth(ages3-17):$10.25；Member:Free(成人：$12.25；年齡60+：$10.25；青少年（3-17歲）：10.25美元；會(huì)員：免費(fèi))”可知，一對(duì)非會(huì)員夫婦，需要的費(fèi)用是$12.25×2=24.5；10歲的雙胞胎費(fèi)用是$10.25×2=20.5，所以總共費(fèi)用是$45。故選A項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Filmingandphotos部分中的“Gettingtoocloseorbeingtooaggressiveinyourattempttogetanimagecouldcompromiseyoursafetyandcausestresstotheanimals.Forsafetyreasonsandfortheenjoymentofallvisitors,allindoorphotographyorvideorecordingmustbedonewithhand-helddevicesonly;notripod(三腳架)orselfiesticksindoors.(太靠近或太有攻擊性都可能危及你的安全，并給動(dòng)物帶來壓力。為安全及讓所有訪客享受，所有室內(nèi)攝影或錄影必須以手提設(shè)備進(jìn)行;室內(nèi)不能使用三腳架或自拍桿。)”可知，給動(dòng)物拍照時(shí)，太近的距離有可能損害你的安全或者是給動(dòng)物帶來壓力，所以出于安全考慮在室內(nèi)禁止使用自拍桿及三腳架等進(jìn)行拍攝。故選C項(xiàng)。BRussMiller,36,fromOhio,wasfirstdiagnosedwithrheumatoidarthritis(類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎)whenhewasjust26,makingitprogressivelydifficultforhimtodoeverydaytasks.“Myhandsaredeformed(畸形的).Ican’tbendthemlikeothers.Recentlymythumbhasstoppedworking,”saidMillerinalettertoacompany.“Icannolongerusenormalcomputerkeyboardsandit’shardformetoevenholdapenanymore.”Russ’conditionresultedinhimlivingonthestreetsinFloridfor4years,butin2018,hestartedtryingtoturnhislifearound.“Iwastryingtogethelpandgetmyselfoutofmysituation.Ihadaphone,butIstruggledtotypeonkeyboards.SoIstartedlookingforalternativesmartphonekeyboardsthatmightenablemetotypeagain.IfoundthekeyboardappTypewisebyaccident.”RussthinksthatTypewisesmartphonekeyboardenableshimtogethislifebackbyallowinghimtocommunicatewithpeople,andthereforegethelp,getanapartmentandevengetajob.“Iamabletocommunicatealotbetterthantalking,becausemyvoiceiskindofmonotone(單調(diào)的)sopeopledon’tunderstandmeverywell.AndbecauseIwasabletostarttypingonmyphoneagain,Iwasabletousesocialmediatoreachouttoanorganizationthathelpspeoplewithdisabilities.”It’sthehexagonal(六邊形的)layoutofthekeyboardthatRussfindsawholeloteasier.“Icanmovemyfingersaroundandnotmessupasoften.”“NowIhaveapart-timejobwhereItakecareofdogsandcatsonTuesdaysandThursdays.Ican’tworkfulltime,becauseofmyphysicalissuesbutatleastIhavesomethingtodoandsomethingtolookforwardto.”Russsaid.ThecompanymakingthesmartphoneapphadbeenunawarethattheiruniquekeyboarddesigncouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiesuntiltheyreceivedRuss’letter.24.WhathappenedtoRussbefore2018?A.Helostfaithinlifeduetohisdisease. B.Hishandsdidn’tworkanylonger.C.Hewashomelessforseveralyears. D.Hiscomputerskillsgotworse.25.HowdidRusschangehislifethroughTypewise?A.Bygettingwhathewanted. B.Bypromotingittothedisabled.C.Bycreatinghissocialmedia. D.Bycommunicatingwithpeoplebetter.26.WhatdoesRussthinkofhiscurrentjob?A.It’ssatisfying. B.It’sboring. C.It’spromising. D.It’schallenging.27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Ahomelessmanfaceshistroublebravely.B.Acompanytriesitsbesttohelpthedisabled.C.Typewisehasbeenpopularamongthedisabled.D.AhomelessmanrebuildshislifeafterfindingTypewise.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了RussMiller患有類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎，這使得他越來越難以完成日常工作。在發(fā)現(xiàn)Typewise后，改變了他的生活?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Russ’conditionresultedinhimlivingonthestreetsinFloridfor4years,butin2018,hestartedtryingtoturnhislifearound.(Russ的病情導(dǎo)致他在佛羅里達(dá)州的街頭流浪了4年，但在2018年，他開始嘗試改變自己的生活)”可知，2018年之前Russ無家可歸好幾年了。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“RussthinksthatTypewisesmartphonekeyboardenableshimtogethislifebackbyallowinghimtocommunicatewithpeople,andthereforegethelp,getanapartmentandevengetajob.(Russ認(rèn)為Typewise智能手機(jī)鍵盤可以讓他找回生活，讓他能夠與人交流，從而獲得幫助，找到公寓，甚至找到工作)”可知，Russ通過Typewise來更好地與人交流改變他的生活的。故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““NowIhaveapart-timejobwhereItakecareofdogsandcatsonTuesdaysandThursdays.Ican’tworkfulltime,becauseofmyphysicalissuesbutatleastIhavesomethingtodoandsomethingtolookforwardto.”Russsaid.(“現(xiàn)在我有一份兼職工作，在周二和周四照顧狗和貓。我不能全職工作，因?yàn)槲业纳眢w問題，但至少我有事情可做，有事情值得期待?！盧uss說)”可知，Russ對(duì)他目前的工作感到滿意。故選A?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“RussthinksthatTypewisesmartphonekeyboardenableshimtogethislifebackbyallowinghimtocommunicatewithpeople,andthereforegethelp,getanapartmentandevengetajob.(Russ認(rèn)為Typewise智能手機(jī)鍵盤可以讓他找回生活，讓他能夠與人交流，從而獲得幫助，找到公寓，甚至找到工作)”結(jié)合主要說明了RussMiller患有類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎，這使得他越來越難以完成日常工作。在發(fā)現(xiàn)Typewise后，改變了他的生活。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)無家可歸的人在發(fā)現(xiàn)Typewise后重建了他的生活”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。CTechnologyhasgivenpeoplemorewaystoconnect,buthasitalsogiventhemmoreopportunitiestolie?Thisisaproblemthatsocialpsychologistsandcommunicationscholarshavealwayswantedtoworkout.ThestudyconductedbycommunicationresearcherJeffHancockin2004isthefirstonetoinvestigatetheconnectionbetweendeception(欺騙)ratesandtechnology.Inthestudy,Hancockhad28studentsreportthenumberofsocialinteractionstheyhadviaface-to-facecommunication,thephone,instantmessagingandemailoversevendays.Studentsalsoreportedthenumberoftimestheyliedineachsocialinteraction.Theresultssuggestedpeopletoldthemostliespersocialinteractiononthephone.Thefewestweretoldviaemail.TheresultsareconsistentwithaframeworkHancockcalledthe“feature-basedmodel”.Accordingtothismodel,specificaspectsofatechnology—whetherpeoplecancommunicatebackandforthseamlessly(無縫地),whetherthemessagesarefleetingandwhethercommunicatorsaredistant—predictwherepeopletendtoliethemost.Now,ithasbeenalmost20yearssinceHancockconductedhisstudy.Thewayswecommunicatehavealsoshifted—fewerphonecallsandmoresocialmediamessaging.DoesHancock’sresultobtained20yearsagostillholduptoday?Toanswerthisquestion,Irecruitedalargergroupofparticipantsandstudiedinteractionsfrommoreformsoftechnology.Atotalof250peoplerecordedtheirsocialinteractionsandnumberofinteractionswithalieoversevendays,acrossface-to-facecommunication,socialmedia,thephone,texting,videochatandemail.AsinHancock’sstudy,peopletoldthemostliespersocialinteractionovermediathatweresynchronous(同步進(jìn)行的)andrecordlessandwhencommunicatorsweredistant:overthephoneoronvideochat.Theytoldthefewestliespersocialinteractionviaemail.Thoughmoreworkisneededtounderstandexactlywhydifferentmedialeadtodifferentlyingrates,it’sclearthatcertainmediaarebetterfacilitatorsofdeceptionthanothers.Andthere’salowrateoflyingacrosstheboard,whichmeansmostpeoplearehonest.Peopleoftenbelievethatjustbecauseweusetechnologytointeract,honestyishardertocomebyandusersaren’twellserved.Butmystudyhasshownthatthisperceptionisnotonlymisguided,butalsounsupportedbypracticalevidence.Thebeliefthatlyingisrampant(猖獗的)inthedigitalagejustdoesn’tmatchthedata.28.Whatdoesthe“feature-basedmodel”tellus?A.Thephoneisareliableformofcommunication.B.Technologycanhelpimprovecommunicationskills.C.Lyingratesarerelatedwithfeaturesofatechnology.D.Technologycanbeusedtodetectlieseffectively.29.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’snewstudy?A.ItlastedforamuchlongertimethanHancock’s.B.ItprovedthatHancock’stheorywasnolongerapplicable.C.Itfoundawaytopredictdeceptionratesincommunication.D.ItinvolvedawiderrangeofelementsincommunicationthanHancock’s.30.Whatdotheresultsofthetwostudiestellus?A.Videochatcanhelppreventpeoplefromlying.B.Someformsofmediacanbeusedasatoolforlying.C.Theadvancementoftechnologycanincreaselyingrates.D.Technologycaninfluenceourcommunicationnegatively.31.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.Weshouldbecautiousaboutnewtechnology. B.Peoplearemorelikelytolieinthedigitalage.C.Technologywon’taffectthequalityofhonesty. D.Technologyshouldbeblamedforpeople’slying.【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了科技可以讓人更容易撒謊，介紹了兩個(gè)與之相關(guān)的研究以及發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheresultsareconsistentwithaframeworkHancockcalledthe“feature-basedmodel”.Accordingtothismodel,specificaspectsofatechnology—whetherpeoplecancommunicatebackandforthseamlessly(無縫地),whetherthemessagesarefleetingandwhethercommunicatorsaredistant—predictwherepeopletendtoliethemost.(結(jié)果與漢考克稱為“基于特征模型”的框架一致。根據(jù)這個(gè)模型，一項(xiàng)技術(shù)的具體方面——人們是否可以無縫地來回交流，信息是否轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝，交流者是否距離遙遠(yuǎn)——預(yù)測(cè)了人們最容易撒謊的地方)”可知，“基于特征的模型”告訴我們說謊率與技術(shù)的特性有關(guān)。故選C?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Atotalof250peoplerecordedtheirsocialinteractionsandnumberofinteractionswithalieoversevendays,acrossface-to-facecommunication,socialmedia,thephone,texting,videochatandemail.(共有250人記錄了他們?cè)?天內(nèi)與謊言的社交互動(dòng)和互動(dòng)次數(shù)，包括面對(duì)面交流、社交媒體、電話、短信、視頻聊天和電子郵件)”可知，與漢考克的研究相比，新研究在交流中涉及了更廣泛的因素。故選D。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“AsinHancock’sstudy,peopletoldthemostliespersocialinteractionovermediathatweresynchronous(同步進(jìn)行的)andrecordlessandwhencommunicatorsweredistant:overthephoneoronvideochat.Theytoldthefewestliespersocialinteractionviaemail.(正如漢考克的研究一樣，人們?cè)谕ㄟ^同步的、無記錄的媒體進(jìn)行社交互動(dòng)時(shí)，以及在電話或視頻聊天等遠(yuǎn)距離交流時(shí)，說的謊最多。在每次通過電子郵件進(jìn)行的社交活動(dòng)中，他們說的謊最少)”可知，這兩項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果告訴我們某些形式的媒體可以被用作說謊的工具。故選B。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Peopleoftenbelievethatjustbecauseweusetechnologytointeract,honestyishardertocomebyandusersaren’twellserved.Butmystudyhasshownthatthisperceptionisnotonlymisguided,butalsounsupportedbypracticalevidence.Thebeliefthatlyingisrampant(猖獗的)inthedigitalagejustdoesn’tmatchthedata.(人們常常認(rèn)為，正因?yàn)槲覀兪褂眉夹g(shù)進(jìn)行互動(dòng)，誠(chéng)實(shí)就更難實(shí)現(xiàn)，用戶也沒有得到很好的服務(wù)。但我的研究表明，這種看法不僅是錯(cuò)誤的，而且沒有實(shí)際證據(jù)支持。認(rèn)為在數(shù)字時(shí)代謊言泛濫的觀點(diǎn)與數(shù)據(jù)不符)”可推知，作者在最后一段想表達(dá)技術(shù)不會(huì)影響誠(chéng)實(shí)的質(zhì)量。故選C。DMostpeopleenjoyvariety.Weliketoeatdifferentfoodsfrommealtomeal.Weweardifferentclothes.Weliketotrynewactivitiesandvisitnewplaces.Webecomeboredwhenthereislittlevariety.Nevertheless,there’soneplacewherewetendtodislikevariety,andthat’sineachother.Weoftenfeeluncomfortablewithpeoplewhopractisedifferenthabits,orholdbeliefsorvaluesthatwedonotshare.Therearereasonsforthis.Whenweareexposedtonewanddifferentthings,ourbrainworksabitharderthanusual.Whenwe’relearning,ournervecellsrequiremoreresources,suchaswater,salt,andvariousotherchemicals.Thisextrametabolic(新陳代謝的)activitycanfeelunsettlingandunpleasant.Anditcanfeelworseifournervoussystemisalreadyunderpressure,likeinthemidstofthepandemic.Thissortofvariationmaybeuncomfortableforindividuals,butit’scriticaltothesurvivalofanyspecies.Ifallfinches(雀科鳴鳥)wereidentical,forexample,andtheirenvironmentchangedinsomesignificant,harmfulways,likeanincreaseinthetemperatureoradecreaseinwater,allofthemwouldbeequallyaffectedandthespeciesmightbecomeextinct.ThisinsightintovariationcomesfromCharlesDarwin,andit’sknownaspopulationthinking.MostpeopleassociateDarwinwithhisevolutionarytheoryofnaturalselection,butpopulationthinkingmaybeanevengreaterscientificachievement.Theideaof“survivalofthefittest”impliesthatindividualsmustvary.Somearemoresuitedthanothersforagivenenvironment,makingiteasierforthemtosurvive,grow,andreproduce.Variationisthereforeaprerequisitefornaturalselectiontowork.Dealingwiththevastvarietyofhumankindcanbedemandingandevenannoyingattimes,butit’sagoodinvestment,sortoflikeexerciseforyourbrain.Whenyoumeetsomeonewholooksdifferentorthinksdifferentlyfromyou,treatyourdiscomfortasacuetobecuriousandlearninsteadofasignalofaproblem.Don’tholdtheviewthattheotherpersonshouldbesilenced.Ultimately,thismindsetcanmakeyoumoreflexibleinadaptingtochallengingsituations,andmoreadaptabletochange.32.Whichofthefollowingmightmakepeoplefeeluncomfortable?A.Havinganadventureinthewild.B.Takingatriptoaforeigncountry.C.Sharingtravelingexperienceswithothers.D.Socializingwithpeoplefromdiversecultures.33.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphfocuson?A.People’sunwillingnesstodealwithnewthings.B.Thesignificanceoflearningnewthingsinourlife.C.Thebiologicalexplanationsforpeople’sdiscomfort.D.Theroleofthenervoussysteminlearningnewthings.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prerequisite”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Requirement. B.Substitute. C.Motivation. D.Challenge.35.Whatdoesthewritermainlywanttoconvey?A.Whywetendtochaseandenjoyvariation.B.Howwecanbenefitfromseekingvariation.C.Howweshouldtreatthedifferenceswefindinothers.D.Whyweshouldgetalongwithpeopledifferentfromus.【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了為什么我們應(yīng)該和不同的人相處并且給出了原因?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Weoftenfeeluncomfortablewithpeoplewhopractisedifferenthabits,orholdbeliefsorvaluesthatwedonotshare.”（我們經(jīng)常對(duì)那些有不同習(xí)慣的人，或者持有與我們不同的信仰或價(jià)值觀的人感到不舒服。）可知，與來自不同文化背景的人交往會(huì)讓人感到不舒服。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Therearereasonsforthis.Whenweareexposedtonewanddifferentthings,ourbrainworksabitharderthanusual.Whenwe’relearning,ournervecellsrequiremoreresources,suchaswater,salt,andvariousotherchemicals.Thisextrametabolic(新陳代謝的)activitycanfeelunsettlingandunpleasant.Anditcanfeelworseifournervoussystemisalreadyunderpressure,likeinthemidstofthepandemic.”（這是有原因的。當(dāng)我們接觸到新的和不同的事物時(shí)，我們的大腦會(huì)比平時(shí)工作得更努力。當(dāng)我們學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候，我們的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞需要更多的資源，比如水、鹽和其他各種化學(xué)物質(zhì)。這種額外的代謝活動(dòng)會(huì)讓人感到不安和不愉快。如果我們的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)處于壓力之下，比如在大流行期間，情況會(huì)更糟。）可知，第二段主要講的是人們感到不舒服的生物學(xué)解釋。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theideaof“survivalofthefittest”impliesthatindividualsmustvary.Somearemoresuitedthanothersforagivenenvironment,makingiteasierforthemtosurvive,grow,andreproduce.”（“適者生存”的觀念意味著個(gè)體必須有所不同。有些物種比其他物種更適合特定的環(huán)境，使它們更容易生存、生長(zhǎng)和繁殖。）講的是有些物種比其他物種更適合特定的環(huán)境，意味著個(gè)體必須有所不同。因此，變異是自然選擇起作用的先決條件。故可猜測(cè)劃線單詞prerequisite為“先決條件，前提條件”的意思，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)Requirement“必要條件”意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及根據(jù)第二段“Therearereasonsforthis”（這個(gè)是有原因的）最后一段“Dealingwiththevastvarietyofhumankindcanbedemandingandevenannoyingattimes,butit’sagoodinvestment,sortoflikeexerciseforyourbrain.Whenyoumeetsomeonewholooksdifferentorthinksdifferentlyfromyou,treatyourdiscomfortasacuetobecuriousandlearninsteadofasignalofaproblem.Don’tholdtheviewthattheotherpersonshouldbesilenced.Ultimately,thismindsetcanmakeyoumoreflexibleinadaptingtochallengingsituations,andmoreadaptabletochange.”（與形形色色的人打交道有時(shí)會(huì)很費(fèi)力，甚至很煩人，但這是一項(xiàng)很好的投資，有點(diǎn)像鍛煉大腦。當(dāng)你遇到與你長(zhǎng)相不同或想法不同的人時(shí)，把你的不適當(dāng)作是好奇和學(xué)習(xí)的暗示，而不是問題的信號(hào)。不要認(rèn)為對(duì)方應(yīng)該保持沉默。最終，這種心態(tài)可以讓你更靈活地適應(yīng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的情況，更能適應(yīng)變化。）可推知，作者主要想表達(dá)的是為什么我們應(yīng)該和不同的人相處。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenworkinginthegarden,agardenerhastodealwithdirt,sticks,androcks.Thiscouldcauseinjurieslikecuts.Gardeningglovesareusedtoprotectyourhandsfromsuchgardeningdangers.Andtheycankeepyourhandsclean.____36____Commonly,gardeningglovesaremadeofcotton.Cottonislightandcheaptomakeandprotectsthehandsfromdirt.However,cottonglovesdonotprovidemuchprotectionfromsharpobjects.Theywearouteasily.____37____Andthatmoisture(潮氣)canmakethegardener’shandscoldonacoldday.Todealwiththeshortcomingsofcottongloves,gardenerscanturntootherkindsofgardeninggloves.Glovesmadeofbothcottonandleathercanbeagoodchoice.____38____Asaresult,theydon’thavetobereplacedoften.Theirweaknessisthattheystillgetwetanddonotprovidemuchprotectionfromsharpobjects.Glovescompletelymadeofleatherwearmuchbetter.Theyareusuallyusedforheavygardenandyardwork.____39____Ifgardenerswanttokeepmoistureawayfromtheirhands,theycanturntotheglovesspeciallydesignedforsuchapurpose.____40____Theglovesoftherightsizewillprotectthegardener’shandsfrommanydifferentkindsofdangersandallowthemto