高一英語必修5Unit5-Language-points課件

Unit5

FirstaidLanguagepoints高二人教新課標(biāo)版必修五1.Youhavethreelayersofskinwhichactasabarrieragainstdiseases,poisonsandthesun’sharmfulrays.

你有三層皮膚作為屏障來保護你免遭疾病、毒藥和有害光線的侵害。Importantsentencesbarrier名詞，“屏障，障礙物，隔膜〞。如：Youneedtoshowtheticketthebarrier.你需要在檢票處處是〔你的〕票。Thecrowdlinkedarmstoformabarrier.群眾臂挽著臂組成人墻。thelanguagebarrier語言的隔膜2.…itkeepsyouwarmorcool;itpreventsyourbodyfromlosingtoomuchwater;itiswhereyoufeelcold,heatorpainanditgivesyouyoursenseoftouch……皮膚能保暖或御寒，保持體內(nèi)水分不過多流失，正是皮膚讓你感到冷熱和疼痛，皮膚還使你有觸覺。keepyouwarmorcool為keep復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即keep+賓語+賓補，使處于某種狀態(tài)……。賓補除由形容詞充當(dāng)之外，還可用名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞，介詞短語，副詞來充當(dāng)。Thiscoatwillkeepyouwarm.Thisstorywillkeepthechildrenamused.Theillnesskeptherinhospital.I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.preventsb.fromdoingsth.

阻止某人做某事Whatcanwedotopreventthisdiseasespreading?Shewaspreventedfromtakingtheexambyillness.拓展：stopsb(from)doingsthkeepsbfromdoingsthsenseoftouch觸覺其他表示各種感覺的詞還有:senseofsight視覺；senseofhearing聽覺；senseoftaste味覺senseofsmell嗅覺；senseofhumor幽默感senseofdirection方向感senseofurgency緊迫感3.Soasyoucanimagine,ifyourskingetsburned,itcanbeveryserious.該句是一個主從復(fù)合句，主句為：Soifyourskingetsburned,itcanbeveryserious；從句為：asyoucanimagine.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代后面的內(nèi)容，有“正如……〞或“就象……〞的意思；它所引導(dǎo)的從句位置較靈活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。另外，該句的主句中還含有一個if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。請看類似的句子：Asyoucansee,iftheyarenotproperlyprotected,thefarmlandswillbecomedessertssoonerorlater.正如你所看到的，這些農(nóng)田如果保護不當(dāng)遲早會變成沙漠。4.Burnsarecalledfirst,secondorthirddegree,dependingonwhichlayersoftheskinareburned.dependingon…為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。CharlesDarnayleftFrance,preferringtogiveuphisfortune.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.在用分詞短語作狀語時,它邏輯上的主語一般必須與句子的主語一致。1.時間狀語：Workinginthefactory,helearnedalotfromtheworkers.Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.Havingarrivedatthefactory,theyimmediatelysettowork.2.作條件狀語：

Workinghard,youwillsucceed.Turningtotheleft,youwillfindthepathleadingtothesite.3.作原因狀語：

Seeingnobodyathome,shedecidedtoleavethemanote.Notknowingheraddress,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.Beingpoor,wecouldn’tgotoschool.4.作結(jié)果狀語：

Herhusbanddiedin1942,leavingherwithfivechildren.Thebuswasheldupbysnowstorm,thuscausingthedelay.Hewascaughtintherain,thusmakinghimselfcatchcold.Ihurriedtoschool,onlytofindthatitwasSunday.注意：dependon相信，依賴，取決于Youcan’tdependonJohn-henearlyalwaysarriveslate.Thecountrydependsheavilyonitstouristtrade.Theamountyoupaydependsonwhereyoulive.it/thatdepends

視情況而定5.Examplesincludemildsunburnandburnscausedbytouchingahotpan,stoveorironforamoment.(一度燙傷或燒傷的〕例子包括輕微的曬傷，以及碰到熱鍋、爐子或烙鐵而導(dǎo)致的燙〔燒〕傷。mild在這個句子中的意思是“輕微的、不嚴(yán)重的〞。如：Edwardsufferedamildheartattack.愛德華犯了輕微的心臟病。mild還可表示“溫和的、暖和的；味淡的〞如：She’sthemildestpersonIhaveevermetinmylife.她是我平生見到過的最溫柔的人了。6.Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessaryunlessitisstucktotheburn.除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否那么都要把衣服脫掉。如果需要的話，可以使用剪刀。amildclimate溫暖的天氣mildcheese淡味奶酪unless除非……；如果不……。如：Don’tmakeitpublicunlessIagree.除非我同意，否那么不能公布于眾。Unlessthedestructionoftheozonelayerisstopped,thepolaricecapswillmeltwithterribleconsequences.如果不停止對臭氧層的破壞的話，南北兩極的冰冠就可能融化并造成可怕的后果。7.Examplesincludeburnscausedbyelectricshocks,burningclothes,orseverepetrolfires.例如由電擊引起的燒傷，因衣服起火引起的燒傷，或由汽油起火引起的燒傷。electric

(1)用電的，電動的anelectricclock電鐘anelectricfire電爐(2)電的，發(fā)電的，帶電的electricpower電力anelectricstorm電閃雷鳴般的暴風(fēng)雨(3)令人興奮的Hisspeechhadanelectriceffectonthecrowd.8.Coolburnsimmediatelywithcoolbutnoticywater.立即用涼水給傷口沖涼，但不要用冰水。

-y是個形容詞后綴。如：windy有風(fēng)hilly多小山的sleepy困倦的foggy多霧的spicy辛辣的woody樹木茂密的9.Forseconddegreeburns,keepclothscoolbyputtingthembackinabasinofcoldwater,squeezingthemoutandplacingthemontheburnedareaoverandoveragainforaboutanhouruntilpainisnotsobad.對于二度燒傷，要保持濕布清涼，需把濕布放回冷水中，擰出水后放在燒傷面上，這樣要反反復(fù)復(fù)地做一個小時左右，直到不太痛時為止。squeeze1.vt.壓，擠，榨Hesqueezedherarmsympathetically.2.vt.壓出，擠出，榨出，用于squeeze+n.+adv.&prepShesqueezedthewateroutofthesponge.3.vi.擠入，塞，用于squeeze+adv./prep.squeeze+adj.+adv./prep.IsthecarfullorcanIsqueezein?Hewassofatthathecouldnotjustsqueezethroughthedoor.10.Holdthebandageinplacewithtape.用膠布把繃帶固定。inplace在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤?。如：Thelibrarianputthereturnedbooksinplace.圖書館員把還回的圖書放到原處。You’dbetterputthingsbackinplace.Otherwise,itwillbedifficulttofindthings.你最好把你的東西放回原位,不然很難找。inplace還有“準(zhǔn)備就緒〞的意思。如：ThearrangementsfortheconcertnextSaturdayareallinplace.周六的音樂會已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備就緒。7.Ifburnsareonarmsorlegs,keepthemhigherthantheheart,ifpossible.如果燒傷的部位在臂部或腿部，要盡可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心臟的位置。上下肢被燒傷后，應(yīng)將患肢抬高于心臟，這是為了促進血液回流，防止燒傷處出現(xiàn)水腫。1.aid作動詞幫助;援助Heaidedmeinbusiness.Iaidedhertocontinueherstudy.AtChristmas,manyorganizationsaid

thepoor.Importantwords作名詞幫助;援助(不可數(shù))Teachersgivetheirlessonswiththeaidof

computers.

Heraisedmoneyinaidofthesick.2.temporary暫時的，臨時的temporaryrelieffrompain短暫的解痛temporarywork/solution臨時工作/解決方法3.fallill生病fall+adj.睡著了____________清醒了_____________安靜下來_____________Hissonsuddenly_______lastweek.他兒子突然生病了。fallasleep

fallawakefallsilent

fellill4.injurev.______n.______adj.injurytosth.…〔部位〕的傷他干活時腿受了重傷。(injury)Hegot________________atwork.他在意外事故中受了傷。(injure)He__________intheaccident.

injuriestothelegs

gotinjuredinjuryinjuredhurt/wound/injure區(qū)別：You'llhurtherfeelingsifyouforgetherbirthday.

Thesoldierwaswoundedinthearm.

Hewasbadly

injuredintheaccident.

Lastnightaterriblestormhittheareaandmanypeoplewere

injured.

Mystomach

hurts

becauseIhaveeatentoomanyapples.5.bleed流血

bleed—bled—bledMyheart

bleedsforthosepoorchildren.Hisnoseisbleeding./Heis

bleedingatthenose.

bloodya.6.get+過去分詞表被動或狀態(tài)Thecomputergotdamagedwhenweweremoving.Mybikeisgettingrepairednow.MyglassesgotbrokenwhileIwasplayingbasketball.PeterandMarygotmarriedlastyear.7.Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessaryunlessitisstucktotheburn.sticksticksth.tosth.粘住Sticktheglueto

myfingers.8.jewellery/jeweljewelleryn.珠寶的總稱(不可數(shù))jeweln.珠寶，首飾(可數(shù))Thejewels

werekeptinthesafe.Sheappearedatthereceptionwearingherfinest

jewels.

Shelockedher______inthe________box.jewelsjewellery9.Seventeen-year-oldteenager,JohnJanson,washonouredattheLifesaverAwardslastnightinRivertownforgivinglifesavingfirstaidonhisneighbourafterashockingknifeattack.honour(1)vt.尊敬；使感到榮幸Wearedeeplyhonouredthatyoushouldagreetojoinus.(2)n.榮譽，尊敬TheQueenwaswelcomedattheairportbyaguardofhonour.(3)n.名聲，名譽It’sapointofhonourwithmetoreplyallmydebtspromptly.(4)n.增光的人〔事〕，引以為榮的人〔事〕，只用單數(shù)。He’sanhonourtotheschool.10.present(1)vt.頒發(fā)，授予

presentsth.tosb.頒發(fā)……給某人presentsb.withsth.授予某人……WhenMrBrownleftthefirm,thedirectorpresentedagoldwatchtohim/himwithagoldwatch.(2)vt.提出，呈遞Whenarethecommitteespresentingtheirreport?11.Itshowsthataknowledgeoffirstaidcanmakearealdifference.aknowledgeof知道，了解，具有……知識HehasagoodknowledgeofEnglish.makea/some/nodifference有一些/沒有什么區(qū)別Itdoesn’tmakeanydifferencetomewhetheryougoorstay.12.doubtdoubt用作動詞doubt+名詞或代詞。例如：Idoubthisword.我疑心他的話。Theydoubtedhimbefore.他們以前曾經(jīng)疑心過他。doubt+賓語從句〔1〕在否認句和疑問句中，doubt后面接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例如：Idon’tdoubtthathecanfinishthetaskontime.我相信他能按時