高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解之復(fù)習(xí)

難點(diǎn)23有章可循的主旨大意題

閱讀中的主旨大意題主要是考查學(xué)生在閱讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上歸納總結(jié)文意的能力，然而，

學(xué)生在閱讀中常犯的毛病之一就是：只見樹木，不見森林。

?難點(diǎn)磁場(chǎng)

l.AWorldofOpportunity

TheNewYorkTimesisnowbetterthanever.

Allthemorereasontoorderhomedeliverynow.

NEW-SEPARATEsectionsforTheArts.MondaythroughThursday,andSports7daysaweek

thatyoucanpullout,takewithyouorpassalong.

NEW-TheDiningIn,DiningOutsection,Wednesdays,abanquet（宴席）ofgreatmealsyou

canmakeyourself,orderuporeatout.

NEW-TheHouse&Homesection.Thursdays,filledwithuseful,interestingfeaturesand

articlesaboutmakingthemostofallsortsoflivingspaces.

NEW-Anexpanded,two-partWeekendsection.Fridays,withmoreideasaboutmovies,shows,

artexhibitions,outdoorandindoorrecreations.

Latestnewsandsportsresultsdaily.Andofcourse,dailyworldandnationalnews,Sundayrs

specialsectionsandalltheothergreatfeaturesyou'IlcontinuetofindinTheTimes.

FindoutjusthowmuchYOUcanbenefitfromTheTimeseveryday.

Call1-800-331-1969orusethepostage-paidordercardtoorderconvenienthomedeliveryat

50%OFFourregularprice.

Question1:Themainideaofthisadvertisementisthat.

A.manyopportunitieswillbeprovidedjusttothosewhoorderhomedelivery

B.severalnewsectionshavebeenprintedseparatelyfromnowon

C.readerscanbewellinformedofthelatestnewsandsportsresults

D.peoplecanpickupalltheinformationtheyareinterestedin

2.Millionsofpeopleusecontactlenses（隱形眼鏡）.Foranyonewhodoesn'tmindsticking

hisfingersinhiseyes,thereareclearadvantages:contactscorrectvisionbetterthanglasses,areless

oftencrushedunderfoot,don?tmakeyoulookboring,andcomeinahugevarietyofforms

soft,firm,colored,andeventheatrical.

Moreandmorepeopleareturningtouseofcontactlenses.Butaretheysafe?

LatestresearchfromAustraliashowsthatnotallchemicalsareeffectiveinkillingall

germs（細(xì)菌）andsomeofthesegermscancauseblindnessinjust24hours.

Whilemostproblemswithcontactsstillcangobacktopoorhygiene（衛(wèi)生）oroveruse,notall

sight-threateningconditionsonlyhappentothosewhowashtheirlensesunderthetapor

decide,whiletiredandemotional,tosleepintheirlensesforthethirdnightrunning.

Twoofthebiggesteye-damagingkillersprotozoanacanthamoebaandbacteria

pseudomonasareallaroundus,inourhomesandwatersupplies.Thisseeminglyharmlesspair

cancauseblindnessthroughkeratitis（diseaseofthecornea）.

“Thecornea（角膜）islikeafive-layeredsandwich”,saysRaymondCurran,adoctorfrom

Omagh,NorthernIreland.uOncethebacteriagetintoalayertheycanreproducethereandturnthe

corneaopaque（toodarktoseethrough）.w

Anoptician（驗(yàn)光師）mayseeonepossiblysight-threateningcaseeachmonth,butataneye

hospitaltheremaybeseveraleachweek.Acanthamoeba,oftenseeminglymild,canbemisjudged

untilitistoolate.Meanwhile,pseudomonas,moreseriously,cancauseincreasingsightlosswith

eachhourthatpasses.Ifnottreatedimmediately,patientsmayneedacornealreplacement.

Andthereallybadnews,accordingtoProfessorRogerBuckley,attheMoorfieldseyehospital

inLondon,isthatacanthamoebais“oneofthehardestgermsonEarth”itcansurvivein

Antarctica.

Question2:Inthepassagethewritermainlywantstotellus.

A.thepossibledangerofcontacts

B.theimportanceofkeepingcontactsclean

C.somedoctors'opinionsaboutcontacts

D.theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofcontacts

3.Withonlyabout1000pandasleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclone（克?。?/p>

theanimalandsavetheendangeredspecies（物種）.That'samovesimilartowhataTexasA&M

Universityresearchershavebeenundertakingforthepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalled"Noah's

Ark”.

Noah'sArkisaimedatcollectingeggs,embryos（胚胎），semenandDNAofendangered

animalsandstoringtheminliquidnitrogen.Ifcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinct,Dr.Duane

Kraemer,aprofessorinTexasA&M'sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine,saystherewouldbe

enoughofthebasicbuildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuture.

Itisestimatedthatasmanyas2000speciesofmammals,birdsandreptileswillbecome

extinctinover100years.Thepanda,nativeonlytoChina,isindangerofbecomingextinctin

thenext25years.

Thisweek,Chinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducingcellsfromadead

femalepandaintotheeggcellsofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplantthe

embryointoahostanimal.

Theentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofiveyearstocomplete.

“Thenucleartransfer（核子移植）ofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasy,andthelackof

available（capableofbeingused）pandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem."Kraemer

believes."Theywillprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresultinonepregnancy

（havingababy）.Ittakesalongtimeandit'sdifficult,butthiscouldbegroundbreakingscience

ifitworks.Theyarecertainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisk,soitisworththeeffort,vadds

Kraemer,whoisoneoftheleadersoftheProjectatTexasA&M,thefirst-everattemptat

cloningadog.

“Theyaretryingtodosomethingthat'sneverbeendone,andthisisverysimilartoour

workinNoah'sArk.We'rebothtryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.Icertainlyappreciate

theireffortandthereJsalotwecanlearnfromwhattheyareattemptingtodo.It'saresearchthat

isverymuchneeded”.

Question3:Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe.

A.China,sSuccessinPandasCloning

B.TheFirstClonedPandaintheWorld

C.ExploringthePossibilitytoClonePandas

D.ChinatheNativePlaceofPandasForever

4.Americanwomenexperienceagreatvarietyoflifestyles.A"typical”Americanwoman

maybesingle.Shemayalsobedivorcedormarried.Shemaybeahomemaker,adoctor,ora

factoryworker.ItisverydifficulttogeneralizeaboutAmerican.However,onethingthatmany

AmericanwomenhaveincommonistheirattitudeaboutthemselvesandtheirroleinAmerican

life.

Historically,Americanwomenhavealwaysbeenveryindependent.Thefirstsettlersto

cometoNewEnglandwereoftenyoungcoupleswhohadleftbehindtheirextendedfamily（i.e.

theirparents,sisters,cousins,etc.）.Thewomenwerealoneinanew,undevelopedcountrywith

theirhusbands.Thishadtwoimportanteffects.Firstofall,thisasyetuncivilized（未開

化）environment（環(huán)境）demandedthateverypersonshareindevelopingitandinsurvival（生

存）.Womenworkedwiththeirhusbandsandchildrentomakethemselvesacceptedinthisnew

land.Second,becausetheywereinanewlandwithouttheestablished（確定的）influenceofolder

membersofsociety,womenfeltfreetostepintonontraditionalroles.

ThisroleofwomenwasstrengthenedinlateryearsasAmericansmovedwest,againleaving

familybehindandmeetinganewenvironment.Evenlater,intheEast,asnewsettlersarrived,the

womenoftenfoundjobsmoreeasilythanmen.Womenbecamethesupportersofthefamily.

WithintheestablishedlifestyleofindustrializedtwentiethcenturyAmerica,thestrongroleof

womenwasnotasattractiveasintheearlydaysofthecountry.Somewomenwereactiveoutside

thehome;otherswerenot.However,whenAmericanmenwenttowarinthe1940s,women

steppedintothemen'sjobsasfactoryandbusinessworkers.Afterthewar,somewomenstayedin

thesepositions,andotherslefttheirjobswithanewsenseoftheirownability.

Question4:Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.DifferentlifestylesledbytheAmericanwomen.

B.Americanwomenwerefreetostepintonontraditionalroles.

C.AmericanwomenworkedhardtoestablishtheirrolesinAmericanhistory

0.Americanwomenwereindependentbecausetheydidnothavetofollowtheregulations

（rules）atall.

?案例探究

1.Therearemanyfamousmuseumsthroughouttheworldwherepeoplecanenjoy

art.WashingtonD.C.,theUS,hastheNationalGalleryofAil;ParishastheLouver,London,the

BritishMuseum.FloridaInternationalUniversity（FIU）inMiami,theUSalsoshowsartforvisitors

tosee.Anditdoessowithoutabuilding,orevenawallforitsdrawingsandpaintings.

FIUhasopenedwhatitsaysisthefirstcomputerartmuseumintheUnitedStates.Youdon,t

havetovisittheUniversitytoseetheart.Youjustneedacomputerlinkedtoatelephone.

Youcancallthetelephonenumberofauniversitycomputerandconnectyourowncomputer

toit.Alloftheartisstoredintheschoolcomputer.ltiscomputerart,producedelectronicallyby

artistsontheirowncomputers.Inonlyafewminutes,yourcomputercanreceiveandcopyallthe

picturesanddrawings.

RobertShostakisdirectorofthenewcomputermuseum.Hesayshestartedthemuseum

becausecomputerartistshadnoplacetoshowtheirwork.

Acomputerartistcouldrecordhispictureselectronicallyandsendtherecords,orfloppy

discs,tootherstoseeontheircomputers.Hecouldalsoputhispicturesonpaper,ofcourse.Butto

printgoodpicturesonpaper,thecomputerartistneededanexpensivelaserprinter.

RobertShostaksaystheelectronicmuseumismainlyforartorcomputerstudentsinschools

anduniversities.Manyofthepicturesinthemuseumaremadebythestudents.Mr.Shostaksaidthe

FIUmuseumwillmakecomputerartmorefunforcomputerartistsbecausemorepeoplecansee

it.Hesaysartistsenjoytheirworkmuchmoreiftheyhaveanaudience.Andthegreatnumberof

homecomputersinAmericacouldmeanahugeaudienceforhiselectronicmuseum.

Question:Themainpurposeofthistextistogiveinformationabout.

A.famousmuseumsthroughouttheworld

B.anelectronicartmuseuminMiami,U.S.A.

C.artexhibitionsinFloridaInternationalUniversity

D.latestdevelopmentincomputerart

命題意圖：本題主要考查學(xué)生的歸納概括能力。

錯(cuò)解分析：本題錯(cuò)選C、D兩項(xiàng)的學(xué)生較多，原因是只抓住了文章中的只言片語(yǔ)，而忽

視了前兩段文字在文中的作用及貫穿文章始終的museum?詞。

解題方法與技巧：（1）通讀全文，抓住每段文字的主旨大意，尤其是文章的前兩段。第

一段作者告訴我們?nèi)澜缬性S多著名的藝術(shù)博物館；第二段主要講HoridaInternational

University新開的電腦藝術(shù)博物館。隨后各段就這家博物館的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者及博物館的運(yùn)作做了說

明。（2）運(yùn)用排除法,將較具干擾性的C、D兩項(xiàng)排除掉。C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤在于artexhibitions^

項(xiàng)中只講電腦藝術(shù)的最新發(fā)展，與文章的前兩段無法相符，也沒有呼應(yīng)貫穿文章始終的“art

museum”。

答案：B

2.NMET2002

In1901,H.G.Wells,anEnglishwriter,wroteabookdescribingatriptothemoon.Whenthe

explorers（探險(xiǎn)者）landedonthemoon,theydiscoveredthatthemoonwasfullofunderground

cities.Theyexpressedtheirsurprisetothe“moonpeople“theymet.Inturn,the“moonpeople”

expressedtheirsurprise."Why,"theyasked/*areyoutravelingtoouterspacewhenyoudon,teven

useyourinnerspace?”

H.GWellscouldonlyimaginetraveltothemoon.In1969,humanbeingsreallydidlandon

themoon.Peopletodayknowthattherearenoundergroundcitiesonthemoon.However,the

questionthatthe“moonpeople“askedisstillaninterestingone.Agrowingnumberofscientists

areseriouslythinkingaboutit.

Undergroundsystemsarealreadyinplace.Manycitieshaveundergroundcarparks.Insome

cities,suchasTokyo,SeoulandMontreal,therearelargeundergroundshoppingareas.The

“Chunnel”,atunnel（隧道）connectingEnglandandFranceisnowcomplete.

Butwhataboutundergroundcities?Japan,sTaiseiCorporationisdesigninganetworkof

undergroundsystems,called“AliceCitiesn.Thedesignersimagineusingsurfacespaceforpublic

parksandusingundergroundspaceforflats,offices,shopping,andsoon.Asolardome（太陽(yáng)能穹頂）

wouldcoverthewholecity.

Supportersofundergrounddevelopmentsaythatbuildingdownratherthanbuildingupisa

goodwaytousetheearth'sspace.Thesurface,theysay,canbeusedforfarms,parks,gardens,and

wildernes.H.GWellsJ“moonpeoplewouldagree.Wouldyou?

QuestiomWhatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AliceCities—citiesofthefuture.B.SpacetravelwithH.G.Wells.

C.Enjoylivingunderground.D.Buildingdown,notup.

命題意圖：本題旨在考查學(xué)生的歸納概括能力，是一道主旨大意題。

錯(cuò)解分析：此題學(xué)生容易錯(cuò)選B項(xiàng)，原因是沒有通覽全篇，只抓住了文章的后半部分，

尤其是第四段。

解題方法與技巧：（1）通覽全文，抓首段大意。（2）文章開篇敘述了H.GWells在其科

幻小說中的“月球人”詢問月球探險(xiǎn)者：“為什么地球人不利用地球內(nèi)部空間而到地球外部

空間旅行呢？”；接著下一段講述越來越多的科學(xué)家正在認(rèn)真思考這一問題；隨后兩段敘述

undergroundsystems的利用及日本undergroundcities的設(shè)計(jì);然后再根據(jù)文章最后一段首句：

Supportersofundergrounddevelopmentsaythatbuildingdownratherthanbuildingupisa

goodwaytousetheearth'sspace”,可判斷出此題答案。

答案：D

?錦囊妙計(jì)

1.通讀全文，重視首段，注意每段第一句話（尤其是論述性或說明性文章）。

2.歸納文章的段落大意。把握文章總體。

3.重視重要情節(jié)、人物及事物特征。

4.注意觀察，找準(zhǔn)貫穿上下文的關(guān)鍵詞匯。

5.重視題干中的關(guān)鍵詞匯:mainidea,thebesttitle,thewritermainlywantstotell

（or:show）…

?殲滅難點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練

A

Humanlanguageisalivingthing.Eachlanguagehasitsownbiologicalsystem,whichmakes

itdifferentfromallotherlanguage.Thissystemmustconstantlyadjusttoanewenvironmentand

newsituationtosurviveandflourish.

Whenwethinkofhumanlanguagethisway,itisaneasysteptoseethewordsofalanguage

asbeinglikethecellsofalivingorganism—theyareconstantlyforminganddyingandsplitting

intopartsastimechangesandthelanguageadapts.

Thereareseveralspecificprocessesbywhichnewwordsareformed.Somewordscomeinto

thelanguagewhichsoundlikewhattheyreferto.Wordslikebuzzandding-dongaregood

examplesofthisprocess.

Stillanotherwayinwhichnewwordsareformedistousethenameofapersonoraplace

closelyassociatedwiththatword'smeaning.Thewordssandwichandhamburgerareexamplesof

thisword-formationprocess.TheEarlofsandwich,anEnglisharistocrat（貴族）,wassofondof

gamblingatcardsthathehatedtobeinterruptedbythenecessityofeating.Hethusinventedanew

wayofeatingwhilehecontinuedhisgameatthegamblingtable.Thisquickandconvenientdishis

whatwenowcallasandwich一apieceofmeatbetweentwoslicesofbread.Thehamburger

becamethebest-knownsandwichintheworldafteritwasinventedbyacitizenofHamburgin

Germany.

Aslongasalanguageisalive,itscellswillcontinuetochange,formingnewwordsand

gettingridoftheonesthatnolongerhaveanyuse.

l.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.thebiologicalsystemofalivingorganism

B.theinventorsofsandwichandhamburger

C.thedevelopmentofhumancells

D.thechangesofalanguage

B

TheweddingtookplaceinaBirminghamhotel.Thebrideandherfatherarrivedinanew

blackAmericansportscar.Herfatherlookednervousanduncomfortableinfrontofthecameras.

Thebrideworeasilkweddingdress.Shesmilednervouslyatthewaitingphotographersandwent

toaroomonthefirstfloorwhereshemetherfuturehusbandfortheveryfirsttime.

CarlaGermaineandGregCordellwerethewinnersofaradiostation,scompetition.Theaim

ofthecompetitionwastofindtwostrangerspreparedtomanywithouthavingmeteachother.

MissGermaine,23,isamodel.Mr.Cordell,27,isaTVsalesman.Theywereamongthetwo

hundredpeoplewhoenteredforapeculiar“experiment”organizedbyBMRBradioin

Birmingham,England.GregandCarlawereamongeightfinalistswhowereinterviewedliveon

radio.Theytookaliedetector（測(cè)謊儀）testandthestationalsospoketotheirfriendsandfamily

abouttheirpersonalities.Thecompetitionjudgesincludedanastrologer（占星家）whodeclared

thattheyweresuited.

Thecouplecelebratedtheirweddingwithaweddingbreakfastandapartyfor100guestsin

theevening,butnoteveryonesharedtheirjoy.MissGermaineJsmotherlookedanxious

throughouttheweddingandMr.Cordell,sparentsarereportedtobelessthandelighted.

Organizations,includingthemarriageguidanceserviceRelate,havecriticizedthemarriage.

Asonepersonputit,“Wehaveenoughproblemsgettingyoungpeopletotakemarriageseriously

withoutthis.Marriageshouldalwaysbeaboutlove.”

ThecouplearenowonaCaribbeanhoneymoonfollowedbyjournalists.Theirotherprizes

includeayear'sfreeuseofawonderfulapartmentinthecentreofBirmingham,andacar.But

willitlast?

2.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TwoStrangersandaWeddingB.AWeddingBasedonLove

C.AShort-LivedMarriageD.AWell-MatchedCouple

C

Since1989,DaveThomas,whodiedatage69,wasoneofthemostrecognizablefacesonTV.

Heappearedinmorethan800commercials（商業(yè)廣告）forthehamburgerchainnamedforhis

daughter."Aslongasitworks,nhesaidin1991,"I'11continuetodothosecommercials.”

Eventhoughhewassuccessful,Thomasremainedtroubledbyhischildhood."Hestillwon'tlet

anyoneseehisfeet,whichareoutofshapebecauseheneverhadproper-fittingshoes."Wendy

saidin1993.Borntoasinglemother,hewasadopted（"攵養(yǎng)）asababybyRexandAuleva

ThomasofKalamazooinMichigan.AfterAulevadiedwhenhewas5,Thomasspentyearsonthe

roadasRextraveledaroundseekingconstructionwork."Hefedme,“Thomassaid,“andifIgot

outofline,he'dbeatme.”

Movingoutonhisownat15,Thomasworked,firstasawaiter,inmanyrestaurants.Buthe

hadsomethingmuchbetterinmind,“IthoughtifIownedarestaurant,vhesaid,“Icouldeatfor

free."A1956meetingwithHarlandSandersledThomastoacareerasthemanagerofa

KentuckyFriedChickenrestaurantthatmadehimamillionairein1968.

In1969,afterbreakingwithSanders,ThomasstartedthefirstWendy'sOldFashioned

Hamburgers,inColumbus,Ohio,whichsetitselfapartbyservingmade-to-orderburgers.With6000

restaurantsworldwide,thechainnowmakes$6billionayearinsales.

Althoughtroubledbyhisownexperiencewithadoption,Thomas,marriedsince1954to

Lorraine,66,andwithfourgrownkidsbesidesWendy,feltitcouldofferafutureforother

children.HestartedtheDaveThomasFoundation（基金會(huì)）forAdoptionin1992.1n1993,

Thomas,whohadleftschoolat15,graduatedfromCoconutGreekHighSchoolinFlorida.He

eventookLorrainetothegraduationdanceparty.ThekidsvotedhimMostLikelytoSucceed.

“TheDaveyousawonTVwastherealDave,“saysfriendPatWilliams“Hewasn'tagreat

actororagreatspeaker.HewasjuslJoeEverybody.”

3.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?

A.ThelifeofDaveThomas.

B.ThedreamofDaveThomas.

C.TheschoolingofDaveThomas.

D.ThegrowthofDaveThomas'business.

D

TimBerners-Leeisthemanwhowrotethesoftwareprogrammethatledtothefoundationof

theWorldWideWeb.Britainplayedanimportantpartindevelopingthefirstgenerationof

computers.TheparentsofTimBerners-Leebothworkedononeoftheearliestcommercial

computersandtalkedabouttheirworkathome.Asachildhewouldbuildmodelsofcomputers

frompackagingmaterials.AftergraduatingfromOxfordUniversityhewentontotherealthing.

Inthe1980sscientistswerealreadycommunicatingusingaprimitiveversion（原始版本）of

e-mail.WhileworkingatalaboratoryinSwitzerland,TimBerners-Leewroteaprogramme,which

lethimstorethesemessages.Thisgavehimanotheridea:writeaprogrammethatwilllet

academics（學(xué)術(shù)界人士）fromacrosstheworldshareinformationonasingleplace.In1990he

wrotetheHTTP（服務(wù)程序所用的協(xié)議）andHTML（超文本鏈接標(biāo)示語(yǔ)言）programmeswhich

formedthebasisoftheWorldWideWeb.

ThenextyearhisprogrammeswereplacedontotheInternet.Everyonewaswelcometouse

themandimprovethemiftheycould.Programmersusedhiscodestoworkwithdifferent

operatingsystems.Newthingslikewebbrowersandsearchenginesweredeveloped.Between

1991and1994thenumberofwebpagesrosefrom10to100000.

In1994TimBerners-LeeformedthenewlyformedWorldWideWebConsortium,orW3C.

Morethan200leadingcompaniesandlaboratoriesarerepresentedbyW3C.Togethertheymake

surethateveryonecanshareequallyontheweb."Thewebcanhelppeopletounderstandtheway

thatothersliveandlove.Ithelpsusunderstandthehumanityofpeople,“hesays.

4.Themainideaofthispassageis.

A.whentheInternetcameintobeingB.howTimBerbers-LeeformedW3C

C.whycomputersdevelopsorapidlyD.howtheWorldWideWebstarted

E

Reducingtheuseofcarsduringrushtraffichourswillmaketheenvironmentmore

livable.Unfortunately,ourpresentlivingandworkingenvironmentsencouragetheuseof

cars.But,thecaristakingusdowntheroadinlower-qualityair.Theexhaust（廢氣）fromcars:

一damagingtheearth'sprotectiveozonelayerandhelpingtocausetheglobalwarming;

一causesasmuchas50%ofthesmog-producingcompoundsandchemicalraininour

atmosphere;

一causes60%ofthecarbonmonoxideinouratmosphere.

Whenyouconsiderthattheaveragepersonbreathesin9000quartsofairaday,yourealize

howimportantcleanairistohumanbeing.

Thegovernmenthasspentbillionsofdollarstocontrolcarpollution.Yet,somebigcitiesare

stillinviolation（侵害）ofpublichealthstandardsthatprotectpeoplefrombreathingpoisonous

air.Thehealthcarecostsrelatedtouncleanairarehuge.

Thetraditionalwayofcleaningupwhatcomesoutoftailpipeshasnotdonethejobofgetting

ridofautomobileemissions（散發(fā)物）.Yettoday'scarsproducesfarlesspollutionthanmodels

fromthe1960,s.Buttherearenowalmost51millionmorecarsontheroadthantherewerein

1960,anddriversaretravelingmanymoremiles.Asaresult,carsarestillthesinglelargestsource

ofcitypollutiontoday.

Ifwearegoingtoachievecleanair,weneedtodiscouragecarusebyindividuals,especially

duringrushdrivinghours.

Atthesametimewereducecaruse,wemustalsoimproveourpublictransportationsystem.If

goingtoandfromworkbypublictransportationwasconvenientandcheap,peoplewouldusethe

systeminsteadofusingcarstodrivetowork.

Yes,itwillcostmoneytoimproveourpublictransportationsystem.Butwenowspend

billionseachyearincontrollingcaremissionswithoutmuchsuccess.Givingsomeofthatmoney

topublictransportationwouldbeasmallpricetopayforcleanestair.

Unlesswedosomethingtoreducecaruseandgetpeopletousepublictransportation,our

loveaffairwiththecarwillbethedeathofourenvironment.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Caruseneedstobediscouraged.

B.Cleanairisonlypossibleifwereducecaruseduringrushhours.

C.Caruseiscausingproblemswiththeozonelayercreatingpoisonousgases.

D.Thegovernmentspendsbillionsofdollarscontrollingthepollutioncomingfromcars.

F

After78yearsintheUK,theDutchclothingretailer（零售商）hasclosedshopforthelast

time.ButC&Aisnotalone.InthepastweekthebestknownnamesonBritishhighstreets-Marks

&Spencer,Bootsandlittlewoods-haveannouncedsomeoftheirworstevertradingfigures.

Thedownturnisnotacaseofbelllightcning.Althoughtherearefearsofarecession（衰

退）,UKconsumer（消費(fèi)者）spendinghassetnewrecordsinthepastyear.Expertssaythesudden

fallistheresultofarevolutionthatischangingalmosteverysideofBritishlives.

Mr.andMrs.UKAveragearethrowingouttheeverydayandtradinguptothefinerthingsin

life.Consumersaredeclaringanendtoallthingsordinary.Thegoodtasterevolutionhassweptthe

countrywithremarkablespeed.Salesofoncepopularfashions（時(shí)髦）aredroppingquickly.Just

threeyearsagoMarks&SpencerwastheUK'sfavorite.Peoplenowconsiderthefashions

uordinaryv.

Yetjust100yards（91metres）fromtheemptyaisles（通道）inLondon*sOxfordStreet,the

storyisdifferent.Burberryenjoyeda35percentincreaseinsalesincomeinthelastthreemonths

oflastyear.Guccisawitssalesrise25percent.Armanireported20percentgrowth.Demandfor

thelogo-print（商標(biāo)）atLouisVuittoncannotbesatisfiedimmediately.Andgrowthisnotonly

limitedtothewealthySoutheast.

ExpertssayBritainhasmovedfroma“goodenough“cultureto“goodtaste”

culture.Almosteverywhereyoulook一fromclothes,tofoodanddrink,tocars,tohome

furnishings,toholidays-Britonsarebuyingintoalifelessordinary.

Risingwealthisdrivingtherevolution.NewresearchshowsthattheaverageUKhousehold

（family）is40percentbetteroffthanin1986.“Inthepastonlythosewithmoneyandtimeon

theirhandswereabletodevoteenergytothesearchfortastefulliving,“saysMarlinHarward,a

directorattheHenleyCenter."Butasincomesriseandfreetimeincreases,theprivileged（wealthy）

manyarelivinghigher.Moremiddle-classconsumersaredevelopingasenseoftheirown

self-imagethroughwhattheybuy.”

6.Whatisthemostpropertitleforthepassage?

A.IncomeIncreasinginBritainB.RevolutionChangingtheWorld

C.BritainsGoingHighFashionD.SalesinBritainGoingDown

G

Allofuseateveryday,butmostofusdon,tunderstandnutrition（營(yíng)養(yǎng)）.Howmuchdoyou

knowaboutgoodnutrition?Arethefollowingstatementstrueorfalse?

1.Peoplewhodon'teatmeatcanstayhealthy.

True.Aslongaspeopleeatenoughmilk,eggsandmeatalternates（替代物）,theycanget

enoughprotein（蛋白質(zhì)）.

2.Freshvegetablescookedathomearealwaysmorenutritiousthancannedvegetables.

False.Thedifferencedependsmoreonhowvegetablesarepreparedthanwhethertheyare

freshorcanned.Vegetablescookedintoomuchwatercanlosealargequantityofvitamins.

3.Foodeatenbetweenmealscanbejustasgoodforhealthasfoodeatenatregularmeals.

True.Nutritionalvaluedependsonwhattypesoffoodyoueat,notwhenyoueatthem.Eating

aneggoranorangebetweenmealscancontributetoagooddiet.

4.Taking