高二年級下冊英語期末考試試題匯編：閱讀理解(二)

河南省部分市

2019-2020年高二下學(xué)期英語期末考試試題精選匯編

閱讀理解專題

01【南陽市2019-2020高二下期末】

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卷上

將該項涂黑。

A

YNotFestival

Thefestivallineup（陣容）：RoyalBlood,CraigDavidPresentsTS5,BombayBicycleClub,Rag'n'BoneMan.

YNotFestivalhascomealongwaysinceitstartedout15yearsago,winningtheUK'sBestSmallFestival

awardandbecomingoneofthecountry'smostpopular,small,freshandloudmusicfestivalsinthedecadeandahalf

since,attractingworld-knownperformerstoparticipatein.Itwilltakeplaceonthecomingsummerweekendinthe

surroundingsofPikehall.Readytomakeyouronlinefollowersenvious?

NASSFestival

Thefestivallineup:Chase&Status,TheStreets,Solardo,AndyC,ShyFX,HolyGoof

NASSFestivalistheUK'sbiggestcelebrationofmusic,streetartandbicyclemotocross.Displayedacrossfour

days,from9thto12th,Julyand11stagesattheBath&WestShowgroundinSheptonMallet,NASSFestivallayson

aweekendofathleticcompetitionsinskatingandbicyclemotocross,aswellasmusicperformancesby

distinguishedpeopleandbands.

DownloadFestival

Thefestivallineup:KISS,IronMaiden,Kom,Deftones,Disturbed,Vblbeat

Probablythemostwell-knownheavymetalfestival,DownloadFestivaltookoverfromtheMORFestivalat

1

Derby'sDoningtonParkthissummer.Isthreedayswaspackedwiththebiggestnamesfromthe70srightuptothe

newestgeneration,withKISS,oneofthemostfamousAmericanrockbands,onstagefirst.

KendalCalling

Thefestivallineup:Foals,Stereophonies,PrimalScream,Supergrass,Blossoms,TheKooks

AnnuallyKendalCallingmixesadiverseandwell-knownlineupthatcoversvarioustypes,whilealsolaying

onawiderangeoffoodanddrink,aswellasentertainments,bars,andamarket.Asaresult,ifsaperfectfestivalto

takethefamilyto.AllinthebeautifulsurroundingsofLowtherDeerPark.

1.Whichfestivalcombinesgameswithmusic?

A.KendalCalling.B.DownloadFestival.

C.NASSFestival.D.YNotFestival.

2.Wheredothosewhoarefondofrockmusicmostprobablygo?

A.PikehallB.SheptonMalletC.DoningtonParkD.LowtherDeerPark

3.Whatdothefourfestivalshaveincommon?

A.Theyareaimedatyoungpeople.B.Theytakeplaceinthesamemonth.

C.Theyarebroadcastliveonline.D.Theyinvolvemanymusicaltalents.

【答案】l.C2.C3.D

【解析】

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個和音樂相關(guān)的節(jié)日，以及出演陣容和節(jié)日特色。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NASSFestival部分中NASSFestivallaysonaweekendofathleticcompetitionsinskatingand

bicyclemotocross,aswellasmusicperformancesbydistinguishedpeopleandbands.可知NASS節(jié)在周末舉行滑

冰和自行車越野比賽，以及著名人士和樂隊的音樂表演。由此可知，NASS節(jié)把游戲和音樂結(jié)合在一起了。

故選Co

2

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DownloadFestival部分中Probablythemostwell-knownheavymetalfestival,Download

FestivaltookoverfromtheMORFestivalatDerby9sDoningtonParkthissummer.Isthreedayswaspackedwith

thebiggestnamesfromthe70srightuptothenewestgeneration,withKISS,oneofthemostfamousAmericanrock

bands,onstagefirst,可知Download節(jié)可能是最知名的重金屬音樂節(jié)，今年夏天，Download節(jié)接替了Derby

的Donington的MOR音樂節(jié)。從70年代到新一代的大牌云集，美國最著名的搖滾樂隊KISS首先登臺。

由此可知，喜歡搖滾樂的人最可能去DoningtonPark。故選C。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YNotFestival部分中YNotFestivalhascomealongwaysinceitstartedout15yearsago,

winningtheUK'sBestSmallFestivalawardandbecomingoneofthecountry'smostpopular,small,freshandloud

musicfestivalsinthedecadeandahalfsince,attractingworld-knownperformerstoparticipatein.（自15年前倉U立

以來，YNot音樂節(jié)取得了長足的進步，贏得了英國最佳小型音樂節(jié)獎，并成為15年來英國最受歡迎的小

型、新鮮、喧鬧的音樂節(jié)之一，吸引了世界知名的表演者參與其中）；NASSFestival部分中NASSFestivallays

onaweekendofathleticcompetitionsinskatingandbicyclemotocross,aswellasmusicperformancesby

distinguishedpeopleandbands/NASS節(jié)在周末舉行滑冰和自行車越野比賽，以及著名人士和樂隊的音樂表

演）；DownloadFestival部分中Isthreedayswaspackedwiththebiggestnamesfromthe70srightuptothenewest

generation,withKISS,oneofthemostfamousAmericanrockbands,onstagefirst.（從70年代到新一代的大牌云

集,美國最著名的搖滾樂隊KISS首先登臺）以及KendalCalling部分中AnnuallyKendalCallingmixesadiverse

andwell-knownlineupthatcoversvarioustypes（每年KendalCalling混合多樣和著名的名人陣容，涵蓋各種類

型）同時，他們分別列出了要參與的明星陣容，由此可知，這四個節(jié)日共同之處是他們涉及許多音樂人才。

故選D。

B

Americanchildrenarestilleatinglotsoffastfood--andinspiteofrestaurants9promisesofhealthyoptions,

mostkidsarestickingwithfriesoversalads.SomeinfamouschainslikeMcDonald'sandWendy'shavepromisedto

offerhealthieroptionsontheirkid'smenus,buttheyaren'tallstickingit,accordingtoareportfromtheRudd

Center.

Infact,nearlyallparentsarebuyingtheirkidsatleastonefastfoodmealaweek.Healthyfruitsandvegetables

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maybealltherageamongadults,butbusyparentsstillchoosequickmealsforthemselvesandtheirkids.Itdoesn't

looklikefastfoodisgoingawayanytimesoon.

ScientistsattheRuddCentersurveyedabout800parentsin2010,thenagainin2013and2016.Thingshave

notimprovedmuchovertheyears.OfthevastmajorityofparentswhohadmadeatriptoMcDonald's,BurgerKing,

Wendy'sorSubwayinthelastweek,74%orderedanunhealthysideordrink.Theolderthechildren,themorelikely

theirparentsweretochoosefriesinsteadofafruit,orasimilarlesshealthymenuitem.Andabout35%ofparents

orderedregularadultmenuitemsfortheir2to11—year-oldchildren,meaningthesekidswereoftengettinglarger,

lessnutritiouslunchesanddinners.

Evenastheyintroducedoptionslikefruitjuices,low-fatmilkandyogurttotheirmenus,somerestaurantshave

alsoaddeddessertsandothercalorie-heavyoptionstotheirkids'menuitems.Sodespitewhat'snowonoffer,kids

aregettingequallyorlessnutritiousmeals,nowadays,whichismostlybecausefastfoodrestaurantsstillpromote

theirunhealthyoptions,andsideslikefriesarestillallowed.

“Whilemostfast-foodrestaurantsdohavehealthierkids'mealdrinksandsidesavailable,manydolittleto

makeparentsawareofthehealthieroptionsortoencourageparentstochoosethehealthieroptionsinsteadof

unhealthyones,,,saidleadstudyauthorJenniferHarris.€tIfrestaurantsareseriousaboutchildren'shealth,theywill

makethehealthiestchoiceandeasiestforparentsandthemostappealingchoiceforchildren.”

4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“alltherage”inParagraph2mean?

A.popular.B.necessary.C.potential.D.modern.

5.Whichofthefollowingcansummarizetheparentssurveyedinthereport?

A.ManyparentsliketoeatinMcDonald's.

B.Manyparentsthinkeatingfastfoodishealthy.

C.Manyparentstendtochooseunhealthyfoodintheirdailylife.

D.Manyparentsalwaysignorethehealthyfoodintheirdailylife.

6.Whatshouldkidsavoideatinginfast-foodrestaurants?

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A.Fruitsjuices.B.Desserts.C.Low-fatmilk.D.Yogurt.

7.WhatdoesJenniferHarrisadvisemostfast-foodrestaurantstodo?

A.Offerhealthiermealsforkids.B.Takechildren'shealthseriously.

C.Behonestabouttheirbusiness.D.Guideparentshowtoorderahealthymeal.

【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。美國兒童仍在吃大量的快餐一一盡管餐館承諾提供健康食品，大多數(shù)孩子還是堅持吃薯

條而不是沙拉。一項2010年對大約800名家長的調(diào)查顯示，許多父母在日常生活中傾向于選擇不健康的

食物。文章同時指出了有哪些不健康的食物，以及他人對此的建議是大多數(shù)快餐店指導(dǎo)父母如何點健康餐。

【4題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)后文amongadults,butbusyparentsstillchoosequickmealsforthemselvesandtheirkids.可

知健康的水果和蔬菜也許在成年人中很流行，但忙碌的父母仍然為自己和孩子選擇快餐。but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，

說明水果和蔬菜在成年人中流行，但是父母還是會給孩子選擇快餐。由此可知，劃線短語意思為“受歡迎

的”。故選A。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中OfthevastmajorityofparentswhohadmadeatriptoMcDonald's,BurgerKing,

WendyJsorSubwayinthelastweek,74%orderedanunhealthysideordrink.Theolderthechildren,themorelikely

theirparentsweretochoosefriesinsteadofafruit,orasimilarlesshealthymenuitem.Andabout35%ofparents

orderedregularadultmenuitemsfortheir2to11—year-oldchildren,meaningthesekidswereoftengettinglarger,

lessnutritiouslunchesanddinners.可知上周去過麥當勞、漢堡王、Wendy's或賽百味的父母中，74%的人點

了不健康的快餐或飲料。孩子們的年齡越大，他們的父母就越有可能選擇炸薯條而不是水果，或者類似的

不太健康的菜單。大約35%的父母會為他們2到11歲的孩子點常規(guī)的成人菜單，這意味著這些孩子通常

會變得越來越胖，午餐和晚餐的營養(yǎng)也越來越少。由此可知，許多父母在日常生活中傾向于選擇不健康的

食物。故選C。

【6題詳解】

5

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Evenastheyintroducedoptionslikefruitjuices,low-fatmilkandyogurttotheir

menus,somerestaurantshavealsoaddeddessertsandothercalorie-heavyoptionstotheirkids'menuitems.可知——

些餐廳在將果汁、低脂牛奶和酸奶加入菜單的同時，還在孩子們的菜單上添加了甜點和其他高熱量食品。

由此可知，孩子們在快餐店應(yīng)該避免吃甜品。故選B。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilemostfast-foodrestaurantsdohavehealthierkids'mealdrinksandsides

available,manydolittletomakeparentsawareofthehealthieroptionsortoencourageparentstochoosethe

healthieroptionsinsteadofunhealthyones,“saidleadstudyauthorJenniferHarris.uIfrestaurantsareseriousabout

children'shealth,theywillmakethehealthiestchoiceandeasiestfbrparentsandthemostappealingchoicefbr

children.”可知研究報告的主要作者JenniferHarris說：“雖然大多數(shù)快餐店確實有健康的兒童餐飲料和輔食,

但很多快餐店幾乎沒有做什么來讓父母了解健康的選擇，或者鼓勵父母選擇健康的，而不是不健康的。如

果餐館真的關(guān)心孩子的健康，他們會做出對父母來說最健康、最容易、對孩子來說最吸引人的選擇?！庇?/p>

此可知，JenniferHarris建議大多數(shù)快餐店指導(dǎo)父母如何點健康餐。故選D。

C

Untilnow,theoldestevidenceofhumanancestorsoutsideofAfricawasinDmanisi,Georgia.Herefossilsof

shortpeoplethoughttobeearlyHomoerectusdatebacktoabout1.85millionyears-justafterthespeciesappears

inAfrica.TheoldestevidenceofearlyhumanactivityinChinacandatebackto1.5millionto1.7millionyearsago,

whichhassuggestedthattheydidn'tleaveAfricauntil2millionyearsagoorso——andmadeittoeasternAsiaeven

later.

NowevidencefromthesiteofShangchenintheLoessPlateauapproximately1,200kilometerssouthwestof

Beijingisshakingupthatview.Morethan2millionyearsago,ourancestorswerealreadyworldtravelers,which

showsthattheancestorsofmodernhumansleftAfricaatleast250,000yearsearlierthanthought.Italsosupportsa

minorityviewthatakeyhumanancestors,Homoerectus,mayhaveoriginatedinAsia,notinAfrica.

Thesameteam,ledbygeologistZhaoYuzhuoftheGuangzhouInstituteofGeochemistryattheChinese

AcademyofSciencefoundthatthestonetoolsrangeinagefrom1.6millionto2.1millionsyearsago.Thisindicates

humans—thefamilythatincludeshumansandourancestors—gotoutofAfricaatleastaquarterofamillionyears

earlierthanthought,andoccupiedShangchenonandoffformorethan850,000years,theteamreportstodayin

6

Nature.

“Thedatesareconvincing,ZhaoYuezhusays,whichsuggesthumanswerealreadyremarkablyadaptableto

thechangeableclimateby2.1millionsago一eventhoughtheyhadnotyetdevelopedtheevenbiggerbrains,long

legs,ormoreadvancedtoolsseeninlaterhumans.Althoughtheidentityoftheseearlytravelersallovertheworldis

unknown,thenewdatesraisethepossibilitythatH.Erectsweren'tthefirsthumanstoleaveAfrica.

8.What'sthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

A.TheearlyhumanactivityinChina.

B.Theearliesttimeofthehumanancestor.

C.Theoldestevidenceofthehumanancestor.

D.Thetimeofhumanancestor'sarrivingattheEasternAsia.

9.WhatdoestheevidencefromthesiteofShangchensuggest?

A.Humanancestorswerefoundoftravelling.

B.HumanancestorslivedinAsianotinAfrica.

C.HumanancestorsleftAfricaearlierthanthought.

D.HumanancestorsoccupiedShangchenformanyyears.

10.Whycouldhumanancestorstravelthroughtheworld?

A.Theiridentitieshadbeenunfamiliartoothers.

B.Thestructuresintheirbodyweredifferentfromus.

C.Theyhadthesameadvancedtoolsasthelaterhuman's.

D.Theyhadabilitiestoadapttothechangeableenvironment.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheOriginoftheHuman.B.TheNewDatesaboutAfrica.

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C.ThewaysofStudyingtheHuman.D.TheLatestDiscoveryaboutHumanAncestors.

【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了中國早期人類活動最古老的證據(jù)可以追溯到150萬到170萬年前，這表

明他們直到大約200萬年前才離開非洲，甚至更晚才到達東亞。如今上陳遺址的證據(jù)表明人類祖先離開非

洲的時間比我們想象的要早，文章還說明了其他人對此的看法。

【8題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Untilnow,theoldestevidenceofhumanancestorsoutsideofAfricawasinDmanisi,

Georgia.HerefossilsofshortpeoplethoughttobeearlyHomoerectusdatebacktoabout1.85millionyears-just

afterthespeciesappearsinAfrica.TheoldestevidenceofearlyhumanactivityinChinacandatebackto1.5million

to1.7millionyearsago,whichhassuggestedthattheydidn'tleaveAfricauntil2millionyearsagoorso---and

madeittoeasternAsiaevenlater.可知到目前為止，非洲以外的人類祖先最古老的證據(jù)是在格魯吉亞的

Dmanisi。在這里，被認為是早期直立人的矮個子的化石可以追溯到大約185萬年前一一就在這個物種出現(xiàn)

在非洲之后。中國早期人類活動的最古老證據(jù)可以追溯到150萬至170萬年前，這表明他們直到大約200

萬年前才離開非洲，甚至更晚才到達東亞。由此可知，第一段的主旨是人類祖先最古老的證據(jù)。故選C。

【9題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Morethan2millionyearsago,ourancestorswerealreadyworldtravelers,which

showsthattheancestorsofmodemhumansleftAfricaatleast250,000yearsearlierthanthought.可知200多萬年

前，我們的祖先就己經(jīng)是世界旅行者了，這表明現(xiàn)代人類的祖先離開非洲的時間比我們想象的至少早了25

萬年。由此可知，上陳遺址的證據(jù)表明人類祖先離開非洲的時間比我們想象的要早。故選C。

[10題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thedatesareconvincing,''ZhaoYuezhusays,whichsuggesthumanswerealready

remarkablyadaptabletothechangeableclimateby2.1millionsago—eventhoughtheyhadnotyetdevelopedthe

evenbiggerbrains,longlegs,ormoreadvancedtoolsseeninlaterhumans.可知"這些數(shù)據(jù)很有說服力，”趙躍

柱說，這表明人類早在210萬年前就已經(jīng)非常適應(yīng)多變的氣候了一一盡管他們還沒有發(fā)展出更大的大腦、

更長的腿，或者更先進的工具。由此可知，人類祖先可以周游世界，是因為他們有能力適應(yīng)變化的環(huán)境。

8

故選D。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中NowevidencefromthesiteofShangchenintheLoessPlateauapproximately1,200

kilometerssouthwestofBeijingisshakingupthatview.可知現(xiàn)在，來自北京西南約1200公里黃土高原上陳遺

址的證據(jù)動搖了這一觀點。結(jié)合文章主要說明了中國早期人類活動最古老的證據(jù)可以追溯到150萬到170

萬年前，這表明他們直到大約200萬年前才離開非洲，甚至更晚才到達東亞。如今上陳遺址的證據(jù)表明人

類祖先離開非洲的時間比我們想象的要早，文章還說明了其他人對此的看法。由此可知，D選項“關(guān)于人

類祖先的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)”最符合文章標題。故選D。

D

TheHimalayanMountainsarehometothehighestpeakinMountEverest.Nowthefirstcompletestudyofthis

remoteregionshowsthatisglaciers（冰川）lostbillionsoftonsoficefrom2000to2016.

Thisisthefirstcomprehensivelookatwhat'shappenedtoglaciersintheHimalayaovera40-yeartime,said

leadauthorJoshuaMasurer.

“Ourstudyshowsastrongsignalofglaciericelosslinkedtorisingtemperaturesfromclimatechange,Maurer

says.Asmuchasquarteroftheregionsicehasbeenlost,hesaid,''Temperaturesintheregionhaverisenonedegree,

andonedegreewasindeedenoughtoproducesuchagreatlossofglacierice.^^

ThesignalshowingHimalayanicelosslinkedtorisingtemperatureswouldnotbesoclearifitweren'tforthe

U.Ssatellitesthatphotographedtheregion.Declassifiedphotosfromthosesatelliteswereturnedinto3-Dmodels

toshowwhattheglaciers'elevationsandsizeswereinthe1970s,Maurersaid.Thosewerethencomparedtomore

recentcomplexNASAsatellitephotosthatshowschangingelevationsoftheiceovertime.

TheiceandsnowintheregionarethesourceforAsia'sgreatrivers.Thestudydidnotincludethehuge

neighbouringrangesofhighmountains,butotherstudiessuggestthatsimilarmeltingisunderwaythereaswell.

Thismeltingmeansfloodingandthecreationofmanyglaciallakes.InMay2012,onesuchfloodkilledover60

peopleinvillagesnearPokhara,Nepal;italsodestroyedhouses.Some800millionpeopledependinpartonrivers

fromHimalayanglaciersforirrigation,makingelectricity,anddrinkingwater.Themorerapidmeltingappearsto

increasetheriverwaterduringwarmseasons,butscientistssaythatwilldecreasewithindecadesastheglacierslose

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mass.

12.WhydidtheglaciersintheHimalayanMountainslosemuchice?

A.Manypeopleusedtheicetomakeelectricity.

B.Theclimatechangeincreasedthetemperature.

C.AmericausedsatellitetoincreaseonedegreeCelsius.

D.Thefloodingandmanyglaciallakestookmuchiceaway.

13.Howdidthescientistsgettheconclusion?

A,Bymakinganinterview.

B.Bystudyingthefindingofotherscientists.

C.Bycollectinginformationbymeansofsatellites.

D.BycomparingthedatacollectedbyU.S.satellites.

14.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph5?

A.OnlytheglaciersinHimalayanMountainsloseice.

B.ManygreatriversruntotheHimalayanMountains.

C.ManyAsianregionsfacetheproblemoficeloss.

D.Themeltingoficeisnothingserious.

15.Whatisthepurposeofgivingtheexampleinthelastparagraph?

A.Toshowtheriskoflivingnearmountains.

B.Toshowtheriskyconsequenceoftheiceloss.

C.Toaskpeopletotakeactiontouseglaciers.

D.TopredictthefutureoftheHimalayanMountains.

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【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。喜馬拉雅山脈是珠穆朗瑪峰最高峰的所在地?，F(xiàn)在，對這個偏遠地區(qū)的首次完整研究表

明，從2000年到2016年，冰川流失了數(shù)十億噸的冰。這與氣候變化導(dǎo)致氣溫上升有關(guān)，科學(xué)家們是通過

比較美國衛(wèi)星收集的數(shù)據(jù)得出這個結(jié)論的。亞洲的許多地區(qū)也面臨冰川流失的問題，文章還說明了冰流失

會導(dǎo)致的問題。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ourstudyshowsastrongsignalofglaciericelosslinkedtorisingtemperaturesfrom

climatechange,''Maurersays.可知Maurer說："我們的研究顯示，冰川融化的強烈信號與氣候變化導(dǎo)致的

氣溫上升有關(guān)?！庇纱丝芍?，喜馬拉雅山脈的冰川會失去很多冰，因為氣候變化使氣溫上升。故選B。

[13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段ThesignalshowingHimalayanicelosslinkedtorisingtemperatureswouldnotbeso

clearifitweren'tfortheU.Ssatellitesthatphotographedtheregion.Declassifiedphotosfromthosesatelliteswere

turnedinto3-Dmodelstoshowwhattheglaciers'elevationsandsizeswereinthe1970s,Maurersaid.Thosewere

thencomparedtomorerecentcomplexNASAsatellitephotosthatshowschangingelevationsoftheiceovertime.

可知如果不是美國衛(wèi)星拍攝到該地區(qū)的照片，顯示喜馬拉雅冰川融化與氣溫升高有關(guān)的信號就不會如此清

晰。Maurer說，這些衛(wèi)星解密的照片被制成3-D模型，以顯示20世紀70年代冰川的海拔和大小。然后將

這些照片與美國國家航空航天局(NASA)最新的復(fù)雜衛(wèi)星照片進行比較,后者顯示了冰層隨著時間的推移而

不斷變化的海拔高度。由此可推知，科學(xué)家們是通過比較美國衛(wèi)星收集的數(shù)據(jù)得出這個結(jié)論的。故選D。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段TheiceandsnowintheregionarethesourceforAsia'sgreatrivers.Thestudydidnot

includethehugeneighbouringrangesofhighmountains,butotherstudiessuggestthatsimilarmeltingisunderway

thereaswell.可知該地區(qū)的冰雪是亞洲大河的源頭。這項研究沒有包括附近巨大的高山范圍，但其他研究表

明，類似的融化也正在那里進行。由此可推知，亞洲許多地區(qū)面臨著冰流失的問題。故選C。

[15題詳解】

11

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中InMay2012,onesuchfloodkilledover60peopleinvillagesnearPokhara,Nepal;

italsodestroyedhouses.Some800millionpeopledependinpartonriversfromHimalayanglaciersforirrigation,

makingelectricity,anddrinkingwater.Themorerapidmeltingappearstoincreasetheriverwaterduringwarm

seasons,butscientistssaythatwilldecreasewithindecadesastheglacierslosemass.可知2012年5月，尼泊爾

博卡拉附近的一場洪水造成60多人死亡；它還摧毀了房屋。大約有8億人部分依靠來自喜馬拉雅冰川的

河流灌溉、發(fā)電和飲用水。冰川融化越快，在溫暖的季節(jié)里，河水的流量似乎就會增加，但是科學(xué)家說，

隨著冰川質(zhì)量的減少，河水的流量將在幾十年內(nèi)減少。由此可推知，最后一段舉例子的目的是顯示冰流失

的危險后果。故選B。

02【濮陽市2019-2020高二下期末】

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

A

Mostpeopleagreethateatinghealthyfoodisimportant.Butsometimesmakinggoodfoodchoicescanbe

tough.Now,thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprovetheirdiets.

OpenTable

OpenTablehelpspeoplechooserestaurantswhentheywanttogoouttoeat.OpenTableisafreeservicethat

showsusersrestaurantavailabilitybasedonwhereandwhentheywanttodine.OpenTableuserscanalsomake

reservationsdirectlythroughtheapporwebsite.

Epicurious

Epicuriousisafreeappandwebsitetohelpusersfindrecipesandbecomebettercooks.Theapphasmorethan

30,000recipesandcancreateashoppinglistbasedontheingredients（原料）inarecipe.Theappratesrecipesfor

popularityandotherqualitiesandinformusersaboutvegetablesinseasonindifferentareas.

HappyCow

TheHappyCowappismadefreelyforVegetarians.Userscansearchforvegetarianrestaurantsandstores

12

aroundtheworld.TheHappyCowappisbasedontheHappyCowwebsite,whereuserscandiscoverplacesnearby

orsearchusingkeywords.

LocalEats

Restaurantchains,likeMcDonalds,canbefoundalmostanywhereapersonmighttravel.Butsometimes

touristswanttoeatlikelocals.ThewebsiteandappLocalEatsisdesignedforthat,whichcanhelpyoufindlocal

restaurantsinmajorcitiesintheUSandinothercountries.

1.Whichappcanhelppeoplebookatableforamealinadvance?

A.OpenTable.B.LocalEats.C.Epicurious.D.HappyCow.

2.WhomightbeinterestedintheappLocalEats?

A.Appdesigners.B.Travelers.C.Vegetarians.D.Chefs.

3.Thistextintroducestheseappstohelppeopleto

A.savemoneyB.bebettercooksC.eatbetterD.makegoodfood

【答案】1.A2.B3.C

【解析】

【分析】

本文是說明文。大多數(shù)人都想吃的健康，但是有時候選擇好食物很難，而本文就給讀者介紹了幾個幫助了

解健康飲食的應(yīng)用軟件。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)OpenTable中的OpenTableuserscanalsomakereservationsdirectlythroughtheappor

website.（OpenTable用戶也可以直接通過app或網(wǎng)站進行預(yù)訂）可知，這一軟件可以幫助人們提前預(yù)定飯菜。

故選Ao

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)LocalEats中Restaurantchains,likeMcDonalds,canbefoundalmostanywhereaperson

13

mighttravel.Butsometimestouristswanttoeatlikelocals.（連鎖餐廳，就像麥當勞一樣，幾乎可以在任何一個

人可能去的地方找到。但有時游客想像當?shù)厝艘粯映燥垼┛赏茢?，這一軟件適合旅游者們。故選B。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題o根據(jù)第——段thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprovetheirdiets.（有

一些應(yīng)用程序可以幫助人們了解他們吃的食物，以改善他們的飲食）可知，文章介紹這幾個軟件是為了提高

人們的飲食，使飲食更健康。故選C。

【點睛】推理判斷題的解題方法：推理判斷題不僅要求考生讀懂文章中的每個句子的意思還要推理它們之

間的關(guān)系，結(jié)合自己的生活常識和經(jīng)驗，再通過邏輯推理和判斷，理解文章的言外之意，從而揭示文章

的深層涵義。例如小題3,thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprove

theirdiets.（有一些應(yīng)用程序可以幫助人們了解他們吃的食物，以改善他們的飲食）可知，文章介紹這幾個軟

件是為了提高人們的飲食，使飲食更健康。故選C。推理判斷題的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推

理時我們務(wù)必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據(jù)，即：已知部分——推論的前提，從中推測

出未知部分——推理的結(jié)論，切忌妄加評論，把自己的觀點當成作者的觀點。

B

WhenIwasfiveyearsold,Iplayedtheroleofthetortoiseinaplay.IhadonelineattheendwhenIbeatthe

sleepingrabbit:Theslowandsteadyonewinstherace.Tvealwaysfeltthatthosewordsguidemywork.Iamnever

thefastest,butIkeepgoing.Mygoalisalwaysthesame:tolearnmorethisyearthanwhatIlearnedlastyear.

Thegoalofeducationisnottohavemuchknowledgeasquicklyaspossible,buttohavemuchknowledgeand

keepitinthebrain.Idon'tcarehowtufasf,studentslearnsomethingasateacher.Theremaybealotofreasons

someonepicksupasubjectortopicmorequickly:morebackground,knowingthematerialearly,moresleepthat

night,lessstress,andsoon.Wedealwithinformationdifferently.WhenIseeslowstudents,that'swhatIthinkof:

Arethosethestudentswhowillkeeplearningovertheirentirelifetime,andleavethe“quick"studentsfarbehind?

Iwasslowinmymathclassesinuniversity.Lookingbackonthosedays,I'vecometorealizethatoneofthe

waysIlearnis"mistakebased”.ThatmeansIlearnbymakingmistakes.Thismaybeslowerthanotherwaysof

learning,butwhenIlearnsomething,Ireallylearnit.

Iseldomworriedabout“slowleamers^^whenteachingmedicalstudents.Iknewtheseyoungmenandwomen

14

couldlearn.Thereisalotofmaterialtolearninmedicine,butthereisalsolotsoftime.Likeinsomanyotherjobs,

knowledgeisonlyapartofbeingadoctor.Ispentdecadeslearningenoughtobeadoctoranddecadesmorekeeping

upandimproving.Itneverstops,andnevershould.

4.Whatdoestheauthorbelieveintermsofwork?

A.Alwaysfinishwhatyouhavestarted.

B.Everysteadystepbringsyouprogress.

C.Moreknowledgemeansmorechances.

D.Havingagoalinmindcangetyoufar.

5.Whichkindofstudentsmaytheauthorlike?

A.Acarelessbutfaststudent.

B.Aplayfulbuttalentedstudent.

C.Aslowbutthoughtfulstudent.

D.Astupidbutwell-behavedstudent.

6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthemistake-basedlearningway?

A.Perfect.B.Welcome.C.Common.D.Practical.

7.Intheauthor'sopinion,whatcanmakeagooddoctor?

A.Highintelligence.B.Continuousimprovement.

C.Theabilitytolearnfast.D.Richprofessionalknowledge.

【答案】4.B5.C6.D