廣東省陽江市黃岡實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)收心考試英語試卷

陽江市黃岡實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校2023~2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高一開學(xué)收心考試英語試題（考試時間：90分鐘滿分：120分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的姓名、座號、考生號、縣區(qū)和科類填寫在答題卡和試卷規(guī)定的位置上。2.第Ⅰ卷每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。3.第Ⅱ卷必須用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)的位置，不能寫在試卷上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、膠帶紙、修正帶。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。.第Ⅰ卷第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheMostBeautifulTrainStationsintheWorldTokyoStationMarunouchiBuildingThewide-openentrancesquareontheMarunouchisideofTokyo’smaintrainstationwouldlookmoreathomeinAmsterdamorParis.KingoTatsuno’sclassicalEuropeandesigntookoversixyearstocomplete,finallyopeningin1914.ThestatinhasreceivedseveralfaceliftssincetheSecondWorldWar,mostrecentlyin2012.It’soneofthebiggestandbusiesttrainstationsintheworld.BeijingWestRailwayStationTheideaofbuildingthisstationinthecapitalofChinawasputforwardasearlyas1959butdidn’tcometorealityuntil1996.ItwasthelargeststationinAsiaatthetime,althoughShanghai’sHongqiaoStationhassincesurpassedit.Thestationitselfhasauniquearchitectural(建筑的)style,withthemainbodyofthebuildinghavingquiteafunctionalRussianlook,buttherooftopisdecoratedwiththreeamazingChinesepagodas.DuoliangStation,TaiwanThisisthesmalleststationonthislitbyadistance.Infactwe’renotreallychoosingDuoliangforarchitecturalreasons.Thisstationisallaboutlocation,location,location.SurroundedbyhitopgreeneryononesideandamazingPacificOceansceneryontheother,it’soneofthemostscenicspotsinallofTaiwan.Thisisn’tevenaworkingstationanymore,buttheplatformshavebeenadaptedintoviewingspots,extremelypopularwithlocaltrainspotters.StazioneMilanoCentraleinMilanMilan’scentraltrainstationlooksprettymuchexactlyasyou’dimagineit.Thereareamixofstylesatplayhere,fromArtNouveautoArtDeco,buttheentirebuildingisfilledwithaclassicsenseofRomanmonumentality.Theouterlookisguardedbytwostatues,whileitsinsidesareequallyimpressive,asgrandstonewallscurve(彎曲)intothestation’sglassceilings.1.WhatdoTokyoStationandBeijingWestRailwayStationhaveincommon?A.BothhaveEuropeanfeatures.B.Bothwerebuiltintheearly1990s.C.Bothhavebeenrebuiltseveraltimes.D.Botharethelargestdomesticstations.2.WhatdotrainspottersfavormostaboutDuoliangStation?A.Itsdistance. B.Itssmallsize.C.Itssurroundingscenery. D.Itsarchitecturalstyle.3.WhatmakesStazioneMilanoCentraleimpressive?A.Romanbuildings B.Itsvariousstyles.C.Statuesonthewalls D.Thecurvingceilings.BThelastattemptofKenCampbelltoruncoulddatebacktohighschool.Whenhiswife,Susan,injuredherfoot,sheneededsupporttorejoinherrunninggroup,soCampbellwentalongtokeephercompanyintherecovery.”Wewerejustwalkingatthebeginning,”hesays,“Iwasheavy,andweighedover90kg.”Butastheweeksandmonthspassed,theweightfellaway,SusanrecoveredandCampbell’sabilitiesgrew.Attheageof63,heran50km,andat70,hecompleteda100kmultramarathon.Sohowdoessomeonewithnoexperienceofrunningbecomeanultradistancerunnerinhis60sand70s?Susanhadrunmarathonsbeforeherinjury,butforCampbell,theturningpointcamewhenSusan’sFleetFeetrunninggroupstartedtrainingneartheirhome.CampbellwentouttovisitSusan’sgroup,and“thepathswereaterriblemess.Ithadbeenraining,andIwasslipping,slidingandfalling.ButIthought,well,Ilikethisalot.”Whathelikedaboveallwasthefeelingof“beingwrappedbythepath,beinghuggedbytheclosenessoftheplantsandthenearnessoftheriver”.Runningthe100kmultramarathontookCampbell16hours.WhenCampbellcrossedthefinishline,Susanhandedhima100kmstickertodisplayonthebackofhistruck.“Itisapublicstatementthatyouarepartofthiscommunity,”hesays.“Whereverwepark,IseealineofvehicleswiththeirvariousstickersandIfeelthatweareacommunity.”Campbellsufferedfromarthritisbeforehestartedrunning,andwas“waitingforkneereplacement”,butfornow,henolongerneedsanoperation.Itcanputanendtotherunning—butthe“senseofwellbeingandachievementwillcarrymeonforever”,hesays,“IfIcan’trun,Iwillwalk.”4.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?A.WhatledtoCampbell’sweightloss.B.WhatmadeCampbellstartrunning.C.WhyCampbellattemptedtorunmarathon.D.WhatCampbelldidforSusan’srecovery.5.WhatwastheturningpointforCampbell?A.Susan’sstartingtraining. B.Fallingdownwhentraining.C.Feelingfreeinnature. D.HisvisittoSusan’sgroup.6.Whatdidthe100kmstickermeantoCampbell?A.Asenseofbelonging. B.Encouragementfromhiswife.C.Asenseofachievement. D.Displayofhishappiness.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Wellbegunishalfdone. B.Itisnevertoolatetobegin.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess. D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.CIfadiversurfaces（浮出水面）tooquickly，hemaysufferthebends（減壓?。甆itrogen（氮）dissolved（溶解）inhisbloodissuddenly

liberated（釋放）by

thereductionofpressure．Theconsequence，ifthebubbles（氣泡）accumulateinajoint，issharppainandabentbody-thusthename．Ifthebubblesforminhislungsorhisbrain，theconsequencecanbedeath．Other

air-breathinganimals

also

suffer

thisdecompression（減壓）sicknessiftheysurfacetoofast：whales，forexample．Andso，longago，didichthyosaurs（魚龍）．Thattheseancientseaanimalsgotthebendscanbeseenfromtheirbones．Ifbubblesofnitrogenforminsidethebonetheycan

cutoff

its

bloodsupply．Thiskillsthecellsinthebone，andconsequently

weakens

it，sometimesto

thepointofcollapse．Fossil（化石）bonesthathave

cavedin

onthemselvesarethusasign

thattheanimaloncehadthebends．BruceRothschildoftheUniversityofKansasknewallthiswhenhebeganastudyofichthyosaurbonestofindout

howwidespreadtheproblemwasinthepast．Whathe

particularly

wantedtoinvestigatewas

howichthyosaursadaptedtotheproblemofdecompressionoverthe150millionyears．Tothisend，heandhiscolleaguestraveledtheworld'snatural-historymuseums，lookingathundredsofichthyosaursfromtheTriassic（三疊紀(jì)）periodandfromthelaterJurassic（侏羅紀(jì)）andCretaceous（白堊紀(jì)）periods．Whenhestarted，he

assumed

thatsignsofthebendswouldbe

rarer

inyoungerfossils，reflecting

theirgradualevolution（進(jìn)化）ofmeasurestodealwithdecompression．Instead，hewasastonishedtodiscovertheopposite．Morethan15%ofJurassicandCretaceousichthyosaurshadsufferedthebendsbeforetheydied，butnotasingleTriassicspecimen（標(biāo)本）showed

evidence

ofthatsortofinjury．Ifichthyosaursdid

evolve

ananti-decompression

means，theyclearlydidsoquickly-and，moststrangely，theylostitafterwards．Butthatisnot

whatDrRothschildthinkshappened．He

suspects

itwasevolutioninotheranimalsthatcausedthechange．Whales

thatsufferthebends

oftendosobecausetheyhavesurfacedtoescapeapredator（捕食動物）suchasalargeshark．OneofthefeaturesofJurassicoceanswasanabundanceoflargesharksandcrocodiles，bothofwhichwerefondofichthyosaurlunches．Triassicoceans，bycontrast，were

mercifully

shark-andcrocodile-free．IntheTriassic，then，ichthyosaurswere

topofthefoodchain．IntheJurassicandCretaceous，theywereprey（獵物）aswellaspredator-andoftenhadto

makeaspeedyexit

asaresult．2．Whichofthefollowingis

atypicalsymptom

ofthebends？___A．A

twisted

body．B．Agradual

decrease

inbloodsupply．C．Asudden

release

ofnitrogeninblood．D．Adropin

bloodpressure．9．ThepurposeofRothschild'sstudyistosee___．A．howoftenichthyosaurscaughtthebendsB．howichthyosaurs

adapted

todecompressionC．whyichthyosaursbenttheirbodiesD．whenichthyosaursbroketheirbones10．Rothschild'sfindingstatedinParagraph4___．A.confirmedhisassumption

B．speededuphisresearchprocessC.disagreedwithhisassumption

D．changedhisresearchobjectives11．Rothschildmighthaveconcludedthatichthyosaurs___．A．failedtoevolveananti-decompressionmeansB．graduallydevelopedmeasuresagainstthebendsC．diedout

becauseoflargesharksandcrocodilesD．evolvedan

anti-decompressionmeans

butsoonlostit．DChineseTeapotEscapingfromBritishMuseumGoesViralChinesestatemediahaspraisedaviralvideoseriestellingthestoryofajadeteapotcomingtolifeandfleeingtheBritishMuseumtomakeitswaybackhome.Thesetofthreeshortepisodes,entitledEscapefromtheBritishMuseum,showstheteapotturningintoayoungwomaninagreendress,whothenengagesaLondon-basedChinesejournalisttohelpherreunitewithherfamily.ItappearstohavestruckachordinChinaafterfirstbeingreleasedbyindependentvloggersonDouyin,China’sequivalenttoTikTok.ByMondayevening,ithadreportedlyrackedupmorethan310millionviews.TheplotlinetapsintogrowingChinesecriticismoftheBritishMuseumafterreportslastmonththatmorethan1,500pricelessobjects,includinggoldjewelry,semi-preciousstonesandglass,weremissing,stolenordamaged.InAugustthestatemediatabloidGlobalTimescalledforthereturnofChineseartefactsfromthemuseum“freeofcharge”inthewakeofthecontroversy.“ThehugeloopholesinthemanagementandsecurityofculturalobjectsintheBritishMuseumexposedbythisscandalhaveledtothecollapseofalong-standingandwidelycirculatedclaimthat‘foreignculturalobjectsarebetterprotectedintheBritishMuseum’,”itsaid.Itstronglysupportedthevideoseriesfortouchingona“powerfulmessage”abouttheimportanceofculturalheritageandreflecting“Chinesepeople’syearningfortherepatriationoftheChineseculturalrelics”.Inafurtherjibeatthemuseum,itinterpretedthejadeteapot’ssurpriseatthesizeofthejournalist’sresidenceasdepictingthe“casualattitudeoftheBritishMuseumtowardChineseculturalrelics,asmanyofthemarecrammedintoonecabinetforexhibition”.StatebroadcasterCCTValsogavetheshortfilmsaglowingreviewsaying:“WeareverypleasedtoseeChineseyoungpeoplearepassionateabouthistoryandtradition…WearealsolookingforwardtotheearlyreturnofChineseartefactsthathavebeendisplacedoverseas.”ThemuseumscandalmadeheadlinesaroundtheworldandrevivedearlierdemandsbytheChinesemediatorestorethecountry’srelics.Thenewthree-partshowhasunleashedawaveofnationalismamongviewers,withmanypraisingthecreativeplotthatreducedthemtotearsbyshowinghowtheteapotexperiencedthehappinessofreturningtoChinatoseepandasandwatchaflag-raisingceremonyonTiananmenSquare.12．WhatexcusedoesBritaingiveforkeepingothernations’culturalobjectsinitsmuseum?A．Ithastakenpossessionoftheseobjectsbyalllawfulmeans.B．Theseobjectsmaycometolife,fleetheircountriesandgoviral.C．Theseobjectsaresaferandtakenbettercareofinitsmuseum.D．Itisrequestedbyothernationstoprotecttheirculturalobjects.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“repatriation”(Para.7)probablymean?A．Repair. B．Reflection. C．Return. D．Reserve.14．Whichcanweinferfromthepassage?A．ALondon-basedChinesejournalisthascontributedalottotheviralthree-partvideoseries.B．Themuseum’sflawedmanagementandsecuritysystemsareinvolvedinthescandal.C．TheBritainMuseumisunderpressuretoreturntheculturalrelicstoChinasoonerorlater.D．Chinahadalreadydemandedtherestorationofitsculturalrelicsbeforethescandal.15．What’sthepurposeofthepassage?A．ToappealtoBritaintoreturnChina’sculturalobjects.B．Tointroduceaviralvideoseriesaboutafleeingjadeteapot.C．Toarousereaders’concernaboutChineseculturalobjectsabroad.D．TopraiseChineseyoungpeople’spassionforhistoryandtradition.第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分;滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Astronautsdrinktheirownpee(尿)

—

afterit’sbeencleaned.

16

Manyexperts,though,arguethatrecyclingpeeandotherwasteisanexcellentandsafesolutionwhenthereisn’tenoughfreshwatertogoaround.

17

Allofthewaterthatastronautsusetodrink,brushtheirteeth,ormakecoffeecomesoutofonelimitedcontainerthathastoberesuppliedfromEarth.Tohelpconservewater,thewastefromsinks,toilets,andeventhepeefromlabanimalsonboardflowsintoarecyclingsystem.First,thewatergoesthroughaseriesoffilters(過濾器)togetridoflargeparticles(微粒)andimpurities.Then,chemicalreactionsremovepoisonouschemicalsandkillanybacteriaorviruses.

18

ChrisHadfield,wholivedonthespacestationforfivemonths,says,“Beforeyoufeeluncomfortablewiththethoughtofdrinkingyourleftoverwashwaterandyourleftoverpee,keepinmindthatthewaterthatweendupwithispurerthanmostofthewaterthatyoudrinkonadailybasisathome.”Astronauts,however,tendtobemoreadventurousthantheaverageperson.OnEarth,citiesinverydrypartsoftheworldhaveattemptedtointroducewastewaterpurificationsystems.

19

Citizensrecoiled(退縮)indisgust.Despitescientificevidencethatthewaterisclean,manypeoplejustcan’tgetoverthefactthatitonceflowedthroughatoilet.Inthe1990s,activistsinSanDiegoandLosAngelescampaignedagainst

“toilettotap”

water.

20

Inasurveyof2,000Americans,26percentagreedwiththestatement:“ItisimpossibleforrecycledwatertobetreatedtoahighenoughqualitythatIwouldwanttouseit.”A.Andyouwouldn’tbealone.B.Andthedisapprovalremainedstrong.C.Whatcomesoutiscleanenoughtodrink.D.OntheInternationalSpaceStation,waterisapreciousresource.E.Lotsofpeoplefeelsickatthethoughtofdrinkingrecycledwastewater.F.Thoughsomeoftheseprogramshavesucceeded,othersfailedmiserably.G.Wouldyoupickupaglassofwaterthat’sbeenthroughawastewatercleaningsystem?第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。AsmydadgotanewjobinsouthernFlorida,wemovedherefromouroldhome,school,friendsandeverything.Thereweresomany21forme.Inanewschoolfullofstrangers,couldImakefriends?WouldI22?Mymindwasfilledwith23.Beingshyandquiet,Ireadalot.Lovingbooksandreadinghelpedmegetexcellentresults.Teachers24meforthat.Butotherkidsdislikedmegettingtop25andansweringquestionsinclass.Ifeltlikea(n)26.Thenoneday,atallstrongboyinEnglishclasswalkedrightovertome.He27himself.Hesaidhewasontheschoolbasketballteam.I28that-hewasthestarplayer!"Hey,"hesaid."Doyouthinkyoucould29me?YoudoreallywellinEnglishclass."Icould,and30Iwould.Fromthatmomenton,lifeatschool31.Basketballplayerswalkedmetoclassesand32meinhallways.Astheteamtutor（導(dǎo)師）,Ifitin.Nobody33meanymore.Iwasthankfultobe34enoughtohelptheteam.Itaughttheguysaboutgrammar.Theytaughtmehowtodribble(運(yùn)球)abasketball.Moreimportantly,theygavemethe35tobemyself-andtobeashortgirlwhoreallyknewhowtodribbleabasketball!21.A.chances B.activities C.experiences D.challenges22.A.fitin B.movein C.relateto D.calmdown23.A.dreams B.ideas C.worries D.lies24.A.impressed B.praised C.cC.grades D.talents26.A.failure B.child C.author D.star27.A.applied B.enjoyed C.reminded D.introduced28.A.imagined B.expected C.knew D.doubted29.A.confuse B.help C.select D.recognize30.A.certainly B.hopefully C.interestingly D.usually31.A.began B.continued C.changed D.stopped32.A.frightened B.ignored C.respected D.circled33.A.amazed B.invited C.troubled D.reminded34.A.active B.knowledgeable C.strong D.creative35.A.curiosity B.confidence C.option D.intelligence第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WelcometoShangri-La(香格里拉).AlthoughlocatedinYunnan,ithasmanyold____36____(village)withauniquecountrysidelife.The____37____(beauty)citywasformerlycalledZhongdianthat____38____(burn)byabigfireonJanuary11,2014,butithasbeenrebuiltquickly.It’snice____39____(see)thelocalsdancingeverynightonthemainsquare.Visitorscaninvolvethemselvesin____40____(dance).Guestscanalsoexploreitsareanearbyeitheronfoot____41____bybike.ApopularplaceisChina’sfirstnationalpark,Pudacuo,____42____ishometothelakesofNapaandShudu.MaybeyoucanevenmeetwiththegoldenYunnanmonkeysinoneof_____43_____villages!____44____(clear),thewinterisprettycoldinShangri-La,butforthosewhoarenotafraid____45____thecoldtemperature,toseethesnowhereisveryattractive!第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.習(xí)近平總書記在黨的二十大報(bào)告中指出，“堅(jiān)持面向世界科技前沿、面向經(jīng)濟(jì)主戰(zhàn)場、面向國家重大需求、面向人民生命健康，加快實(shí)現(xiàn)高水平科技自立自強(qiáng)”，彰顯出實(shí)現(xiàn)高水平科技自立自強(qiáng)在新時代新征程推進(jìn)和拓展中國式現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中的關(guān)鍵地位。假定你是李華，你學(xué)校舉辦科技創(chuàng)新節(jié)活動，學(xué)校準(zhǔn)備選拔“科技交流小使者”(YoungAmbassadorforScience)，你打算參加。請寫一篇英語競選演講稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.自我介紹；2.競選理由。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Goodmorning,dearjudgesandfellowstudents！______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫一段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Whenmymomannouncedthatmydadhadfixedtheoldcarinhisgarage,Ifeltexcited—Ihadwheels!IcalledmyfriendStephandmadeplanstohavedinneratherhousethenextday.Thefollowingmorning,Iwokeupearlyandputonablackskirtandjacket.“Aren’tyoudressedtoolightly?”Momasked.“There’sasnowstormcoming.”“I’llbeinside,”IrepliedasIheadedout.AsIbegantheforty-minutedrive,Iwasinhighspirits.However,halfwaythereitstartedtosnowlikemad.Carsslowed.ThesoundofasirenannouncedtheapproachofanambulanceandIpulledasidetoletitpass.AsIinchedbackintomylane,thetrafficlightaheadturnedred.Istopped.Whenthelightturnedgreen,Ipressedonthegas,buttheoldcardied.Itriedtostartit.Oneclick,thennothing.BeforeIcoulddoanythingelse,twoyoungmenracedoverfromthenearbysidewalk.Irolleddownmywindowalittle.“Giveusasecond,”oneofthemsaid,“We’llhelpyououtofhere.”Soon,theybeganpushingthecar.Withtheirguidance,Isteeredintoaparkingspotinfrontofagrocerystore.“You’llbefinenow,”theysaid,andbeforeIcouldeventhankthem,theywalkedintothegrocerystore.Thesnowwasfallingfasternow.IcalledStephonmycellphonetocancelourplan.Next,Icalledmyparentstocomeandgetme.NowallIhadtodowaswait,butIwasveryhungryandcold.Isighed,regrettingnottakingmymom’sadvice.JustasIsatwaitinginthecar,Inoticedamanwalkingtowardsme.Itwasoneofthemenwhohadjusthelpedme.Irolleddownthewindowatonce.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Afterabriefgreeting,hetoldmethiswashisparents’store._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________