淺談林業(yè)資源的森林防火管理中英文翻譯

////淺談林業(yè)資源的森林防火管理中英文翻譯IntroductiontoforestfirepreventionmanagementofforestryresourcesinbothChineseandEnglishtranslation摘要：隨著林業(yè)的發(fā)展，森林資源保護(hù)已成為社會共識，各種保護(hù)措施和林業(yè)管理制度也一定程度上得到完善。但隨著林業(yè)中可燃物的不斷增加，森林防火形勢也顯得十分嚴(yán)峻。本文就林業(yè)防火中存在的問題進(jìn)行分析，以健全森林消防組織體系為中心、以森林消防基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)為基礎(chǔ)、壯大森林消防保障力量為手段提出了各項防火技術(shù)和措施，全面提高森林防火能力，為林木生長提供良好的基礎(chǔ)條件。Abstract:withthedevelopmentofforestry,forestresourcesprotectionhasbecomeasocialconsensus,allkindsofprotectionmeasuresandforestrymanagementsystemisalsotosomeextent.Butalongwiththeincreaseoffuelintheforest,forestfiresituationisveryserious.Inthispaper,theanalysisofexistingproblemsinforestfireprevention,astoperfectthesystemofforestfireprotectionorganizationasthecenter,onthebasisofforestfirepreventioninfrastructureconstruction,expandingforestfirecontrolsecurityforcesallfireprotectiontechnologyandmeasuresareproposedformeans,comprehensiveimprovetheabilityofforestfireprevention,providegoodbasicconditionforforestgrowing.關(guān)鍵詞：森林火災(zāi)預(yù)防措施森林火災(zāi)組織職責(zé)Keywords:forestfirepreventionforestfireorganizationrolesandresponsibilities火災(zāi)是森林生長的主要敵人，也是最容易引發(fā)森林事故的因素。在森林中，一旦出現(xiàn)火災(zāi)，旦夕之間就能夠燒毀大片的森林，造成林木的死亡，同時也會造成生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞和各種珍稀動物死亡、泥石流等自然災(zāi)害的出現(xiàn)，進(jìn)而對農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)造成一定的影響。森林火災(zāi)的撲滅也勢必會引起各部門工作人員和機(jī)械的出動，耗費大量的人力物力?？傊?，在森林中一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi)，必然會給國家和人民帶來損失，進(jìn)而造成環(huán)境破壞，因此，加強(qiáng)森林防火工作是關(guān)系國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和人民財產(chǎn)的重大事故，必須要做好安全防范工作。Fireisthemainenemyoftheforestgrowth,isalsothemostpronetoforestthefactoroftheaccident.Fireintheforest,onceappear,anydaybetweencandestroyedlargetractsofforests,causingthedeathoftrees,atthesametimealsocancauseecologicalenvironmentdestructionandallkindsofrareanimaldeaths,theemergenceofthenaturaldisastersuchasmud-rockflow,haveacertainimpactonagriculturalproduction.Forestfireextinguishalsoisboundtocauseeachdepartmentstaffandmachinery,spendalotofmanpowermaterialresources.Anyhow,oncethereisafireintheforest,willinevitablybringlossestothecountryandpeople,whichcauseenvironmentaldamage,therefore,strengthentherelationshipbetweenforestfirepreventionworkisthemajoraccidentofnationaleconomyandpeople'sproperty,mustwanttodoagoodjobsecurity.1、森林火災(zāi)的預(yù)防措施1,theforestfirepreventionmeasures森林火災(zāi)是造成森林損傷問題的損壞之源，引起火災(zāi)出現(xiàn)的主要因素有三個，即可燃物質(zhì)、火源和氧氣。森林是可燃物質(zhì)與氧氣最充足的地方，正因為森林氧氣充足，才有了人們新提出的森林浴概念。因此，在防火工作中這兩方面是無法進(jìn)行預(yù)防的，我們也只能夠?qū)鹪催M(jìn)行合理有效的預(yù)防?；鹪纯梢苑譃樽匀换鹪磁c人為火源量只能夠，其中造成森林火災(zāi)最多的便是人為火源。根據(jù)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計，在森林工作中，人為火源引起的火環(huán)占據(jù)整個森林火患的99%，因此加強(qiáng)人為火源管理是十分重要的。在森林人為火患預(yù)防中，做好預(yù)防工作的主要方法是加強(qiáng)對人的管理，加強(qiáng)對人在森林活動的管理。在這個過程中，我們要認(rèn)真貫徹和落實以預(yù)防為主，積極消滅為輔的森林管理方針，以健全和完善管理制度、嚴(yán)格約束管理工作為基礎(chǔ)來全面開展和落實防火工作，進(jìn)而將各項火患控制到最低。具體預(yù)防措施有以下兩個方面：Forestfireisthesourceofdamageofforestdamageproblem,causefiretherearethreemainfactors,namelycombustiblematerial,fireandoxygen.Forestisaplacewherecombustiblematerialandoxygenthemostabundant,forestoxygenisenough,becausethereisthenewforestbathconceptputforwardbythepeople.Inthefireprotectionwork,therefore,thesetwoaspectsisimpossibletoprevent,wealsocanonlymakereasonableeffectivepreventionoffire.Firecanbedividedintonaturalfirefireamountcanonlybewithotherpeople,whichcausedtheforestfireisoneofthemostartificialfire.Accordingtorelevantdatastatistics,inforestwork,artificialfirecausedbytheringoffireoccupies99%ofthewholeforestHuoHuan,therefore,tostrengthenfiremanagementisveryimportant.InartificialforestHuoHuanprevention,completesthepreventionworkofthemainmethodistostrengthenthemanagementofpeople,strengthenthemanagementofpeopleintheforest.Inthisprocess,weshouldearnestlyimplementandcarryoutthepreventionprimarily,destroyiscomplementaryforestmanagementpolicy,activelytoimproveandperfectsevereburns,mayhavetogrowtrees,cuttingtimbertobeabletodoafter.(4)canopywereburntpartsunder1/2burnwood,barkburnsnotserious,havethepossibilityofrecovery.Notburningwoodcanopynotburned,trunk,androotsdidnothurt,onlyexternalblackbarkwasfarpassedonthem.Accordingtotheabovefourtypesofstatisticalnumberoftreesandvolume,respectively,calculatethetotalforestloss.3、完善森林防火管理工作3,improveforestfirepreventionmanagementwork（1）認(rèn)真貫徹執(zhí)行“預(yù)防為主、積極消滅”的方針，協(xié)助鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府制定好森林防火基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、設(shè)備建設(shè)規(guī)劃和防火撲救措施，并督促按規(guī)劃的要求完成。(1)seriouslycarryingoutthepolicyof"killthe"preventionfirst,positive,goodtownshipgovernmentinplanningofforestfirepreventioninfrastructureconstruction,equipmentplanningandmeasuresoffirefighting,andurgedcompleteaccordingtotherequirementoftheplanning.（2）進(jìn)入重點防火期前，協(xié)助鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府對防火設(shè)施和措施落實情況進(jìn)行檢查，協(xié)助落實防火值班、撲火隊員的培訓(xùn)及村級專職護(hù)林員巡邏報警等有關(guān)工作。(2)beforeenteringthekeyshall,toassistthetownshipgovernmentinspectiononfireprotectionfacilitiesandmeasurestocarryoutthesituation,tohelpimplementfireprotectionduty,teamplayers,training,andfull-timerangerspatrolpoliceandrelatedwork.（3）協(xié)助鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府做好毗鄰地區(qū)的森林防火聯(lián)防工作。(3)toassistthetownshipgovernmenttodoagoodjobofforestfirepreventionofzoneadjacenttothearea.（4）在發(fā)生森林火災(zāi)時，協(xié)助鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府做好撲火隊伍的組織協(xié)調(diào)工作。(4)inthecaseofforestfires,assistthetownshipgovernmentcompletestheblazesteamorganizationandcoordinationofthework.4、完善防火責(zé)任制4,improvetheresponsibilitysystemforfireprevention抓落實，見成效，關(guān)鍵是加強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。森林防火工作之所以能取得階段性勝利，最重要、最關(guān)鍵的一條就是思想認(rèn)識到位，高度重視，組織有力，責(zé)任明確。要切實做到“三狠抓、三落實”，確保森林防火不因工作疏忽而出任何問題。Implementandeffective,thekeyistostrengthentheleadership.Forestfirepreventionworktophasedvictory,themostimportantandthemostcriticaloneisideologicalunderstandinginplace,attachesgreatimportancetoorganizeeffectivelyandresponsibilitiesclear.Weneedtodo"threevigorouslypromotes,SanLaShi",toensurethattheforestfirepreventionisnotnegligenceduetoworkoutanyproblems.第一，狠抓組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，做到防火責(zé)任落實。一要落實好“七長”負(fù)責(zé)制。從縣長、鄉(xiāng)長、村長、組長、場長、校長、戶長，逐級簽訂森林防火責(zé)任狀，把“七長”負(fù)責(zé)制貫穿到森林防火工作的全過程，做到在整個工作部署上，防火工作有位子；在資金安排上，防火投入進(jìn)盤子；在工作開展上，防火措施有法子。二要落實好天保管護(hù)組織一條線的責(zé)任。把森林防火工作作為天保工作的一項硬任務(wù)、硬指標(biāo)，森林防火工作在鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)、護(hù)林站、村委會、村護(hù)林員年度天?？己酥幸獓?yán)格考核，獎懲到位，對出現(xiàn)問題的，該否決的否決，該解聘的解聘，該追究責(zé)任的追究責(zé)任，決不姑息遷就。加強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，落實責(zé)任，最重要的是加強(qiáng)一把手對森林防火工作的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，落實一把手的森林防火責(zé)任。各防火責(zé)任單位主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)要把森林防火工作作為第一件大事、第一位任務(wù)、第一項職責(zé)，集中精力、集中時間，親自抓薄弱環(huán)節(jié)、親自抓研究部署、親自抓檢查落實。First,vigorouslypromotestheorganizationandleadership,dofirepreventionresponsibilityimplementation.Agoodtoimplementtheresponsibilitysystemof"seven".Fromcountymagistrate,townshipsandtowns,villagehead,groupleader,field,principals,householder,signtheforestfirepreventionZeRenZhuangstepbystep,the"sevenlong"responsibilitysystemthroughthewholeprocessofforestfirepreventionwork,doitontheentireworkdeployment,firepreventionworktable;Onthefundingarrangement,firepreventioninputsintotheplate;Onthework,firepreventionmeasureshaveway.Second,wemustimplementthenicedaymanagementorganizationtheresponsibilityoftheline.ForestfirepreventionworkasatoughYingRenWu,tianbao,forestfirepreventionworkinthevillagesandtowns,rangerstations,thevillagecommittee,villagerangerintheannualassessmentoftianbaotostrictappraisal,rewardsandpunishmentsinplace,toappearproblem,theveto,thedischargeofthedischarge,itshallbeinvestigatedforresponsibilityshallbeinvestigatedforresponsibility,neverpalliativeindulging.Strengthentheleadership,carriesouttheresponsibility,themostimportantistostrengthenthechiefleaderofforestfirepreventionwork,implementtheheadoftheforestfireprevention.Eachfireresponsibilityunitmainleadershiptoforestfirepreventionworkasthefirstgreatthing,thefirsttask,thefirstresponsibility,concentrate,concentrationtime,grasptheweaklink,personallyofmyownresearchdeployment,personallyinspecttheimplementation.第二，狠抓責(zé)任追究，做到獎懲措施到位。責(zé)任制的落實，是做好森林防火工作的關(guān)鍵措施。各責(zé)任單位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)及組成人員有變動的，要及時調(diào)整充實，決不能出現(xiàn)崗位空缺和工作斷檔，做到人員變動森林防火責(zé)任不變。對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)得力、措施落實、預(yù)防到位、撲救及時、成效顯著的單位和個人，要進(jìn)行表彰獎勵。凡防火責(zé)任不落實、發(fā)現(xiàn)火災(zāi)隱患不作為、發(fā)生火情隱瞞不報、撲火組織不得力，并造成嚴(yán)重后果和惡劣影響的，要依法依紀(jì)嚴(yán)肅追究單位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和相關(guān)人員的責(zé)任。Second,vigorouslypromotesresponsibility,rewardsandpunishmentsmeasuresinplace.Implementtheresponsibilitysystem,thekeyistodoagoodjobofforestfirepreventionmeasures.Allresponsibleunitofleadershipandstaffhavechange,shouldtimelyadjusttheenrichment,jobvacancyandjobdisconnectmustnotappear,dopersonnelchangesinforestfirepreventionresponsibilitiesremainsthesame.Toimplementstrongleaders,measures,timelyandeffectivepreventioninplace,fightingtheunitsandindividuals,mustcarryonthecommendationand