現(xiàn)代軟件開發(fā)技術(shù)實驗指導書-3

實驗三Hibernate框架應(yīng)用一、實驗目的1、掌握采用Hibernate構(gòu)建JavaWeb應(yīng)用中持久化層的概念和思想2、掌握HibernateAPI的基本使用方法3、利用Hibernate實現(xiàn)用戶信息的數(shù)據(jù)庫基本操作（增、刪、改、查）二、預備知識1.JDK的安裝設(shè)置：JDK/JRE/JVM2.服務(wù)器Tomcat的使用3.集成開發(fā)環(huán)境Eclipse的使用4.HibernateAPI的基本使用方法5.數(shù)據(jù)庫（MySQL/JDBC/JDBCAPI）技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)知識6.XML技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)知識（web.xml/hibernate.cfg.xml/xxx.hbm.xml）7.簡單的錯誤調(diào)試三、實驗內(nèi)容

(1)按照以下步驟檢查所使用的計算機系統(tǒng)：1.確認系統(tǒng)的環(huán)境變量，是否已安裝JDK；2.確認目錄C:\ProgramFiles\ApacheSoftwareFoundation，是否已安裝Tomcat服務(wù)器；3.確認目錄D:\eclipse3.3，是否已綠色安裝Eclipse集成開發(fā)環(huán)境；4.確認Eclipse插件：HibernateSynchronizer是否已復制到Eclispe的plugins目錄中。(2)創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)表：1.安裝MySQL2.在WindowsXP上啟動：·安裝MySQL服務(wù)：C:\ProgramFiles\MySQL\MySQLServer5.0\bin3.連接MySQLC:\mysql\bin>mysql–uroot-p會提示輸入密碼！此時輸入安裝MySQL時設(shè)置的密碼即可?；剀嚭?，就會出現(xiàn)“mysql”提示符，表示連接成功。4.新建數(shù)據(jù)庫mysql>createdatabasemydb;5.查看數(shù)據(jù)庫mysql>showdatabases;6.打開數(shù)據(jù)庫mysql>usemydbDatabasechanged7.創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)表createtablet_user(idintprimarykey, usernamevarchar(20), passwordvarchar(20), ageint);8.退出實驗截圖mysql>quit;9.關(guān)閉MySQL服務(wù)C:\mysql\bin>netstopmysql(3)Eclipse集成開發(fā)環(huán)境的基本使用方法（詳細步驟請參照實驗一的實驗指導書）1.創(chuàng)建一個新的DynamicWebProject：Hibernate_Proj2.以運行庫為目標3.運行庫配置4.選擇是否想要轉(zhuǎn)換到JavaEEPerspective。5.添加服務(wù)器

(4)向已建立的工程添加Hibernate應(yīng)用1.設(shè)置Hibernate配置文件（hibernate.cfg.xml）：選中Hibernate_Proj，然后右鍵選擇Properties>new>others>Hibernate>HibernateConfigurationFile，創(chuàng)建hibernate.cfg.xml，具體內(nèi)容如下（可參照教材第154頁）：Databasedialect:MySQLDriverclass:com.mysql.jdbc.DriverConnectionURL:jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydbUsername:root2.生成持久化對象（POJO）：·新建一個包：選中Hibernate_Proj，然后右鍵選擇Properties>new>package，在包名中輸入user，然后單擊“完成”按鈕；·生成持久化對象（POJO）：引入類User.java;User.javapackageuser;publicclassUser{ privateintid; privateStringusername; privateStringpassword; privateintage; publicUser(){ } publicintgetId(){ returnid; } publicStringgetPassword(){ returnpassword; } publicStringgetUsername(){ returnusername; } publicintgetAge(){ returnage; } publicvoidsetId(intid){ this.id=id; } publicvoidsetPassword(Stringpassword){ this.password=password; } publicvoidsetUsername(Stringusername){ this.username=username; } publicvoidsetAge(intage){ this.age=age; }}3.生成映射文件（User.hbm.xml）：在新建的包user上右鍵選擇new>others>Hibernate>HibernateMappingFile，創(chuàng)建User.hbm.xml，具體內(nèi)容請參照教材第156頁；User.hbm.xml<?xmlversion="1.0"?><!DOCTYPEhibernate-mappingPUBLIC "-//Hibernate/HibernateMappingDTD//EN" "/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mappingpackage="user"> <class name="user.User" table="t_user" > <metaattribute="sync-DAO">false</meta> <id name="Id" type="int" column="id" > <generatorclass="increment"/> </id> <property name="username" column="username" type="string" not-null="false" length="20" /> <property name="password" column="password" type="string" not-null="false" length="20" /> <property name="age" column="age" type="integer" not-null="false" length="11" /> </class> </hibernate-mapping>4.修改Hibernate配置文件（hibernate.cfg.xml）：把映射文件（User.hbm.xml）添加到配置文件中；5.在包user下面添加類userServlet.java，該類通過HibernateAPI對User對象進行持久化的操作；userServlet.javapackageuser;importjavax.servlet.*;importjavax.servlet.http.*;importjava.io.*;importjava.util.*;importorg.hibernate.*;importorg.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;publicclassuserServletextendsHttpServlet{ privatestaticfinallongserialVersionUID=1L; privatestaticfinalStringCONTENT_TYPE="text/html;charset=GB2312"; privatestaticfinalSessionFactorysessionFactory; static{ try{ //CreatetheSessionFactory Configurationconfig=newConfiguration(); sessionFactory=config.configure().buildSessionFactory(); }catch(RuntimeExceptionex){ ex.printStackTrace(); throwex; } } //Initializeglobalvariables publicvoidinit()throwsServletException{ } //ProcesstheHTTPGetrequest publicvoiddoGet(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse) throwsServletException,IOException{ Stringusername=request.getParameter("username"); if(username==null){ username=""; } Stringpassword=request.getParameter("password"); if(password==null){ password=""; } Stringage1=request.getParameter("age"); if(age1==null){ age1="0"; } Stringaction=request.getParameter("action"); System.out.println("action="+action); if(action==null){ action=""; } System.out.println(action); intage=Integer.parseInt(age1); response.setContentType(CONTENT_TYPE); PrintWriterout=response.getWriter(); //生成User實例 Useruser=newUser(); user.setUsername(username); user.setPassword(password); user.setAge(age); if(action.equals("save")){ //生成Session實例 Sessionsession=sessionFactory.openSession(); Transactiontx=null; try{ tx=session.beginTransaction(); //保存持久類對象 session.save(user); //提交到數(shù)據(jù)庫 mit(); //跳轉(zhuǎn)到回復頁面 response.sendRedirect("reply.jsp"); }catch(RuntimeExceptione){ if(tx!=null){ tx.rollback(); }throwe; }finally{ session.close(); } } if(action.equals("update")){ //生成Session實例 Sessionsession=sessionFactory.openSession(); Transactiontx=null; try{ tx=session.beginTransaction(); Queryquery=session.createQuery("fromUseruwhereu.username=?"); query.setString(0,username); Listlist=query.list(); for(inti=0;i<list.size();i++){ Useru=(User)list.get(i); Useru1=(User)session.get(User.class,newInteger(u.getId())); u1.setPassword(password); u1.setAge(age); session.update(u1); } //提交到數(shù)據(jù)庫 mit(); //跳轉(zhuǎn)到回復頁面 response.sendRedirect("reply.jsp"); }catch(RuntimeExceptione){ if(tx!=null){ tx.rollback(); }throwe; }finally{session.close(); } } if(action.equals("delete")){ //生成Session實例 Sessionsession=sessionFactory.openSession(); Transactiontx=null; try{ tx=session.beginTransaction(); Queryquery=session.createQuery("fromUseruwhereu.username=?"); query.setString(0,username); Listlist=query.list(); for(inti=0;i<list.size();i++){ Useru=(User)list.get(i); Useru1=(User)session.get(User.class,newInteger(u.getId())); session.delete(u1); } //提交到數(shù)據(jù)庫 mit(); //跳轉(zhuǎn)到回復頁面 response.sendRedirect("reply.jsp"); }catch(RuntimeExceptione){ if(tx!=null){ tx.rollback(); }throwe; }finally{ session.close(); } } } //ProcesstheHTTPPostrequest publicvoiddoPost(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse) throwsServletException,IOException{ doGet(request,response); } //Cleanupresources publicvoiddestroy(){ }6.構(gòu)建視圖組件：user.jsp和reply.jsp：user.jsp：用戶信息輸入畫面；User.jsp<%@pagelanguage="java"contentType="text/html;charset=GB18030"pageEncoding="GB18030"%><!DOCTYPEhtmlPUBLIC"-//W3C//DTDHTML4.01Transitional//EN""/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><metahttp-equiv="Content-Type"content="text/html;charset=GB18030"><title>user</title></head><bodybgcolor="#ffffff"><formaction="userservlet"method="post">用戶名:<inputtype="text"name="username"/><br><br>密碼:<inputtype="password"name="password"/><br><br>年齡:<inputtype="text"name="age"/><br><br><inputtype="Submit"name="action"value="save"/><inputtype="Submit"name="action"value="update"/><inputtype="Submit"name="a