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通用學(xué)術(shù)英語綜合教程(讀寫)EnglishforGeneralAcademicPurposesREADING&WRITING

Chapter6MythofIdentityIsYourRobotMaleorFemale?UCASWhyFrankensteinisaStigmaAmongScientists?IsYourRobotMaleorFemale?TheNameGameReading1Reading2LearningObjectivesTolearnhowtousecorporatofindcollocationTograspgeneralexpressionsindescribingfindingsTolearntypicalwaysofdescribingcausalityandcorrelationTounderstandhowvariousdatavisualizationhelpsexplainthefindings

TheNameGameBornLuckyReading1TheNameGameStuartFirestein

UCASReading1UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading1UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading1UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading1UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading1UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading1UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading1UCASTheAuthor

StuartFiresteinisanAmericanneuroscientistandbiologist.AfterearninghisPh.D.inneurobiology,FiresteinwasaresearcheratYaleMedicalSchool,thenjoinedColumbiaUniversityin1993.AttheColumbiaUniversityDepartmentofBiologicalSciences,FiresteinistheauthorofIgnorance.MenuBeforeYouReadTheMagicofRealityWarming-upgReadthefollowingdialoguebetweentwotherapistsandanswerthequestionsbelow.TherapistA:Ijustdon’tcareaboutmypatientanymore.Idon’tpayattentiontowhattheysay.Ishowuplateforsessions.Idon’tcareiftheyshowup.Iaskthemifthey’dratherusethesessionplayingagameoftennisorsharingacupofcoffee.Idon’tkeeprecords.TherapistB:Youhaveaclassiccaseofburnout!TherapistA:ButwhyamIdoingallthesethings?TherapistB:Becauseyou’reburnedout.Theory:HowtochoosetheFastestLineattheGroceryStoreUCASMenu1.Canyouspotanylogicalproblemsintheirdialogue?2.Doyouthinkthislogicalproblemiscommoninourdailylife?Canyougiveonemoreexample?BeforeYouReadTheMagicofRealityWarming-upgWatchthe

video

and

answer

the

following

questions.:HowtochoosetheFastestLineattheGroceryStoreUCASMenuBeforeYouReadTheMagicofRealityWarming-upgWatchthe

video

and

answer

the

following

questions.Whatisalogicalfallacy,asexplainedatthebeginningofthevideo?Canyounameonelogicalfallacymentionedinthevideoandbrieflydescribeit?3.Why,accordingtothevideo,mightlogicalfallaciessometimesbehardtospot?:HowtochoosetheFastestLineattheGroceryStoreUCASMenuBeforeYouReadTheMagicofRealityWarming-upgWatchthe

video

and

answer

the

following

questions.Whatisalogicalfallacy,asexplainedatthebeginningofthevideo?2.Canyounameonelogicalfallacymentionedinthevideoandbrieflydescribeit?Theory:HowtochoosetheFastestLineattheGroceryStoreUCASAlogicalfallacyisanyerrorinreasoningthatmakesanargumentinvalid.Itcaninvolvedistortingfacts,drawingfalseconclusions,ordistractingfromtheactualissue.Onelogicalfallacymentionedisthe"falsecause."Thisoccurswhensomeoneincorrectlyidentifiesthecauseofsomething.Anexamplegivenistheincorrectassertionthatdinosaursbecameextinctbecausetheyatevegetables,confusingcoincidenceorcorrelationwithcausation.MenuBeforeYouReadTheMagicofRealityWarming-upgWatchthe

video

and

answer

the

following

questions.3.Why,accordingtothevideo,mightlogicalfallaciessometimesbehardtospot?Theory:HowtochoosetheFastestLineattheGroceryStoreUCASLogicalfallaciescanbehardtospotbecausesometimestheyareusedintentionallyindebatesordiscussionstopersuadeothers.Theyareoftenpresentedwithconfidence,makingthemsoundmoreconvincingeveniftheydon'tmakecompletelogicalsense.MenuWhileYouReadTheMagicofRealityQueuingTheory:HowtochoosetheFastestLineattheGroceryStoreUCAS2.Discussthechallengespresentedbythenominalfallacyinthecommunicationbetweenscientistsandthepublic,particularlyintheuseofcommonwordswithdifferentscientificmeanings.1.HowdidZing-YangKuo'sresearchchallengetheideaofinnatebehaviorsinchicks,andwhatdoesthistellusaboutscientificinquiry?MenuCriticalthinkingskillsReadCH6-1againanddiscussthefollowingquestionsWhileYouReadTheMagicofRealityQueuingTheory:HowtochoosetheFastestLineattheGroceryStoreUCAS2.Discussthechallengespresentedbythenominalfallacyinthecommunicationbetweenscientistsandthepublic,particularlyintheuseofcommonwordswithdifferentscientificmeanings.Thenominalfallacycreateschallengesincommunicationwhencommonwordsareusedinsciencewithdifferentmeanings.Thiscanleadtomisunderstandingsandmisinterpretations.Forinstance,wordslike"theory,""law,"and"force"havespecificscientificmeaningsthatdiffersignificantlyfromtheireverydayusage.Thisdifferencecanleadtoconfusionandmisinformation,asthepublicmaynotgraspthescientificnuancesoftheseterms.1.HowdidZing-YangKuo'sresearchchallengetheideaofinnatebehaviorsinchicks,andwhatdoesthistellusaboutscientificinquiry?Zing-YangKuo'sresearchshowedthatthesupposedlyinnatepeckingbehaviorofchicksisactuallypracticedintheegg,asthechick'sheadmovementsarestimulatedbytheheartbeat.Thisobservationchallengestheideathatsuchbehaviorsarepurelyinstinctiveandhighlightstheimportanceofempiricalobservationandchallengingexistingassumptionsinscientificinquiry.MenuAfteryoureadTheMagicofRealityQueuingTheory:HowtochoosetheFastestLineattheGroceryStoreUCASBelievingthatthelabelcarriesexplanatoryinformationChicken’sbehaviorofpeckingthegroundforfoodbelievedtobeinstinctivescarcityofknowledgewehavetowardsbradykinesiausingcommonwordsandgivingthemascientificmeaning.MenuLanguageFocusTheMagicofRealityUCASInhisfirstpaper,publishedin1921,Zing-YangKuo(1)

theconceptofinstinct.Hisattackwasbasedontheinsightthattheuseofinstinctasa(n)(2)

concept

washarmful

to

a

genuine

understanding

of

behavior

because

it

made

the

analysis

of

development(3)

and,therefore,unnecessary.ForKuo,apsychologybasedoninstinctwasanarmchairpsychologyand,assuch,itwasnotaninvestigativescience.Throughouthiscareerhe

remained

keenly

sensitive

to

concepts

which

served

as

facile(容易的)substitutes

forexperimentalanalyses,especiallythoseconceptswhich(4)

attentionfromaninvestigationofdevelopmentalprocesses,whethertheseprocessesbeanatomical,physiological,orbehavioral.ThisisnottosaythatKuowasantitheoretical—hesimplymadeaverystrong(5)

betweenhypotheseswhichpromoteinvestigationandthosewhichdonot.Forhim,theconceptofinstinctfellinthelattercategory.Thereis,afterall,averysignificantdifferencebetweenpositing,say,areproductiveinstincttoaccountfornestbuildinginbirdsinsteadofundertakinga(n)(6)

analysisofnest-buildingbehavior.Inhiscritique,Kuo(7)

thatanimalsperformallmannerofactivitieswithoutthebenefitofopportunityforpriorlearningorimitation—forhim,theseperformanceswerenotsimply

tobe

takenasdemonstrationsof

thewonderful

workingsofinstinct;rather,

they

posedinterestingandsignificantproblemsforontogenetic(個體發(fā)育的)analysis.Itwashislifelong(8)

thatanexplanationofananimal'sbehaviorcouldbederivedentirelyfrom(a)itsanatomyandphysiology,(b)itscurrentenvironmentalsetting,and(c)itsindividualdevelopmentalhistory.Hisownresearchandhiscriticalwritingscanbecomprehendedonly(9)

hisbeliefthatanyanalysisofbehaviorisincompleteifitreliesmainlyorexclusivelyononlyoneofthesefactors—allthreemustbe(10)

inacomprehensiveaccountofanimalandhumanbehavior.

Task1Fillintheblanksusingthewordsfromthebox.Changetheformofthewordswherenecessary.Menuacknowledgeassaultconvictiondevelopmentaldistinctiondivertexplanatoryin

the

light

ofsuperfluoustake

into

considerationLanguageFocusTheMagicofRealityUCASInhisfirstpaper,publishedin1921,Zing-YangKuo(1)

theconceptofinstinct.Hisattackwasbasedontheinsightthattheuseofinstinctasa(n)(2)

concept

washarmful

to

a

genuine

understanding

of

behavior

because

it

made

the

analysis

of

development(3)

and,therefore,unnecessary.ForKuo,apsychologybasedoninstinctwasanarmchairpsychologyand,assuch,itwasnotaninvestigativescience.Throughouthiscareerhe

remained

keenly

sensitive

to

concepts

which

served

as

facile(容易的)substitutes

forexperimentalanalyses,especiallythoseconceptswhich(4)__________attentionfromaninvestigationofdevelopmentalprocesses,whethertheseprocessesbeanatomical,physiological,orbehavioral.ThisisnottosaythatKuowasantitheoretical—hesimplymadeaverystrong(5)

betweenhypotheseswhichpromoteinvestigationandthosewhichdonot.Forhim,theconceptofinstinctfellinthelattercategory.Thereis,afterall,averysignificantdifferencebetweenpositing,say,areproductiveinstincttoaccountfornestbuildinginbirdsinsteadofundertakinga(n)(6)

analysisofnest-buildingbehavior.

assaultedexplanatory

superfluousdiverteddistinctiondevelopmental

Menuacknowledgeassaultconvictiondevelopmentaldistinctiondivertexplanatoryin

the

light

ofsuperfluoustake

into

considerationLanguageFocusTheMagicofRealityUCASInhiscritique,Kuo(7)___________thatanimalsperformallmannerofactivitieswithoutthebenefitofopportunityforpriorlearningorimitation—forhim,theseperformanceswerenotsimply

tobe

takenasdemonstrationsof

thewonderful

workingsofinstinct;rather,

they

posedinterestingandsignificantproblemsforontogenetic(個體發(fā)育的)analysis.Itwashislifelong(8)_

thatanexplanationofananimal'sbehaviorcouldbederivedentirelyfrom(a)itsanatomyandphysiology,(b)itscurrentenvironmentalsetting,and(c)itsindividualdevelopmentalhistory.Hisownresearchandhiscriticalwritingscanbecomprehendedonly(9)

hisbeliefthatanyanalysisofbehaviorisincompleteifitreliesmainlyorexclusivelyononlyoneofthesefactors—allthreemustbe(10)

inacomprehensiveaccountofanimalandhumanbehavior.

acknowledgedconvictionin

the

light

oftaken

into

considerationMenuacknowledgeassaultconvictiondevelopmentaldistinctiondivertexplanatoryin

the

light

ofsuperfluoustake

into

considerationLanguageFocusTheMagicofRealityUCASTask2Writedown5adjectives/verbsyouthinkfrequentlyusedtogetherwiththeunderlinedwords(“importance”and“argument”)inacademictexts.

Aninstance

of

thenominal

fallacy

ismost

easily

seen

whenthemeaning

orimportanceofatermorconceptshrinkswithknowledge.Theyarethe“nature”partofthenature-nurtureargumentandthereforecannotbebrokendownorreducedanyfurther.Collocation

of

words

incorporaAcorpus(pluralcorpora)ortextcorpusisalargeandstructuredsetoftexts(nowadaysusuallyelectronicallystoredandprocessed).Inordertomakethecorporamoreusefulfordoinglinguisticresearch,theyareoftensubjectedtoaprocessknownasannotation.Anexampleofannotatingacorpusispart-of-speechtagging,orPOS-tagging,inwhichinformationabouteachword’spartofspeech(verb,noun,adjective,etc.)isaddedtothecorpusintheformoftags.Corporaisusefultolearnwhatwordsoccurnearotherwords,whichprovidesgreatinsightintomeaningandusage.Herearesomeusefulonlineplatformsofcollocations.COCA

(/coca/)MenuLanguageFocusTheMagicofRealityUCASMenuTask2Writedown5adjectives/verbsyouthinkfrequentlyusedtogetherwiththeunderlinedwords(“importance”and“argument”)inacademictexts.

Aninstance

of

thenominal

fallacy

ismost

easily

seen

whenthemeaning

orimportanceofatermorconceptshrinkswithknowledge.Theyarethe“nature”partofthenature-nurtureargumentandthereforecannotbebrokendownorreducedanyfurther.Fiveadjectivescollocatedwith“importance”:Fiveverbscollocatedwith“argument”:relative,

great,

utmost,

critical,

particularmake,think,understand,support,hearLanguageFocusTheMagicofRealityUCASMenuVocabularyinCH6-11.Moralconceptsarejusttoolscleverpoliticiansusedto

_____________

us.2.Theyintroducedatouchscreeninterfacethat

___________commontabletcomputers.3.“Cloudy”phrasesarethosethat

___________theprecise

meaning

ofasentence.4.This

_______________biochemical

achievement

bringsthemconsiderablerewards.5.Thenthe

__________

consumerfindsmanyunauthorizedchargesonhisnextcreditcardbill.6.Earthquakeselicitthe

____________

flightresponseinpeople.7.Thebookisfairlycomprehensiveasitsscopeextendsto

_________,

physiology

andtherapy.8.A

common

___________

isthat"green"materialsarealwaysbetterforthehealthofoccupantsortheenvironment.9.Rarelywasasmartphoneseenasadevicepowerfulenoughto

___________

the

course

ofhistory.10.Ineducation,academicabilitiesareoftenacclaimed,butothergiftsalso

_______recognition.alter,anatomy,deserve,fallacy,instinctual,mimic,obscure,tame,remarkable,unwarytamemimicsobscureremarkableunwaryinstinctualanatomyfallacyalterdeserveAcademicLiteracySillsTheMagicofRealityUCASMenuBasic

Elements

in

Describing

Findings1.

Summary

statementsgenerally

speaking/ingeneralin

most/all

casesit

is

apparent

that

in

all/most/the

majority

of

casesitisevidentfromtheresultsthat…on

thewhole2.

Location

elementsTable/Figure

1

shows/presents/reveals/summarizes/illustrates…(seeTable.1)according

to

Fig.

1,

…ascanbeseen/found/identified/observedinTable/Figure1,…as

shown/listed/detailed/evident/indicated

in

Table/Figure

1,……is/are

given

in

Fig.1comparing

Figs.

1

and

4

show…3.

Substantiation

of

findingsThepossibleinterferenceofXcannotberuledout.Thisfindingiscontrarytopreviousstudieswhichhavesuggestedthat…Thusthesemodelswillhelpusunderstand…AcademicLiteracySillsTheMagicofRealityUCASTask3Stollznow(2018)conductedaquestionnairesurveytoidentifypopolarbeliefsaboutwhatlinguisticsisandwhatlinguistsdo.Table6-1liststhreemajormisconceptionsaboutlinguisticsandlinguists.Firstputthethreemajormisconceptionsintheunderlinedpartsinsentences(4),(5),and(6),thenreorderthestatements1-8describingthemajorfindings(Thefirstandthelastsentencehavebeengiven).MisconceptionsSAANSDSD1.Alllinguistsarepolyglots18.1833.9610.7025.6711.502.Linguisticsis(mainly)aboutgrammar7.0144.2012.4027.498.893.Linguisticsisprescriptive4.0147.3316,8421.939.89MenuAcademicLiteracySillsTheMagicofRealityUCASHavingcollatedandinterpretedtheresponsesandcommentsfromnon-linguistswithoutabackgroundinthefield,asetofthreemainmisconceptionsemergedaboutwhatlinguisticsisandwhatlinguistsdo.j

Thesemisconceptionsarelabeled‘‘main’’becausetheyemergedfromthedataandtheyappearinthegenerallinguisticsliterature.k

ThesearereportedinTable6-1.lAswecanseebelow,theirexistenceisfurthersupportedbycommentsandfeedbacksuppliedbythesubjects.m

isthebeliefthatprofessionallinguistsareinvariablymultilingualpeople

who‘‘know’’,‘‘speak’’,‘‘learn’’orare‘‘fluent’’inmultipleor‘‘many’’languages.n

isthebeliefthatlinguisticstakesaprescriptivistapproachtowardlanguagesandisconcerned

witharbitrary

rulesaboutlanguage,andteaching

peoplehowtospeak‘‘properly’’or‘‘better’’,toavoidgrammarthatis‘‘bad’’,‘‘wrong’’or

‘‘incorrect’’.o

isthebeliefthatlinguisticsismostly,orevenexclusively,aboutstudying,researchingorteachingthe‘‘grammar’’ofoneormorelanguages.Inthiscontext,‘‘grammar’’isusedinan

informal,everydaylaysense,ratherthanitstechnicalsenseofstudyingtheunderlyingrulesthatorganizeasystem.pThis

perceptionmaybeexemplifiedbythefollowingfeedback:‘‘Ithinkthatgrammar,punctuationandsentencestructuremightplayaseriouspartofstudying/knowinglinguistics.’’‘‘[Linguistics]teachespeoplehowtotalk

correctlyandusegoodgrammar.’’qThisperceptionmaybeexemplifiedbythefollowingstatements:‘‘Linguistsknowmanydifferentlanguages.’’‘‘Alinguistspeaksmanylanguagesandisfluentinthemall.’’Thisperceptionisdemonstratedbythefollowingremarks:‘‘Linguisticsisaboutlearninghowtospeakandwriteproperly.’’‘‘[Linguisticsis]aboutknowingcorrectgrammarinlanguage.’’MenuAcademicLiteracySillsTheMagicofRealityUCASm

isthebeliefthatprofessionallinguistsareinvariablymultilingualpeople

who‘‘know’’,‘‘speak’’,‘‘learn’’orare‘‘fluent’’inmultipleor‘‘many’’languages.n

isthebeliefthatlinguisticstakesaprescriptivistapproachtowardlanguagesandisconcerned

witharbitrary

rulesaboutlanguage,andteaching

peoplehowtospeak‘‘properly’’or‘‘better’’,toavoidgrammarthatis‘‘bad’’,‘‘wrong’’or

‘‘incorrect’’.o

isthebeliefthatlinguisticsismostly,orevenexclusively,aboutstudying,researchingorteachingthe‘‘grammar’’ofoneormorelanguages.Inthiscontext,‘‘grammar’’isusedinan

informal,everydaylaysense,ratherthanitstechnicalsenseofstudyingtheunderlyingrulesthatorganizeasystem.“Alllinguistsarepolyglots”“Linguisticsisprescriptive”“Linguisticsis(mainly)aboutgrammar”Rearrangementoftheabovesentences:2,

1,3,

4,8,

6,7,5MenuAcademicLiteracySillsTheMagicofRealityUCASTask4Whendescribingfindings,oneofthemostimportantthingstorememberisthat,ratherthanrelyingontablesandgraphs,youmustcommunicateyourowninterpretationofthefindingstoreaders.Readthefollowingparagraphextractedfromtheresultssectionofanacademicarticleandanswerthefollowingquestions:

Whichword(s)is/areusedtodescribetheauthor’sevaluationonthe“mostcommononlinemisbehavior”?Whichsentencedescribestheauthors’discoveriesconcerningthetrendsorregularitiesinthedata?Doestheauthorgiveanyreasonsof“illegaldownloading”?Ifso,istheauthorveryconfidentaboutthereasonshe/shegives?Howdoestheauthorgivethepossiblefuturepredictions?MenuAcademicLiteracySillsTheMagicofRealityUCAS

(1)(2)(3)(4)Misrepresentationof

selfGiven

false

information

about

yourself

toanother

person

ontheinternet34.012.05.051.0

Provided

false

information

about

yourpersonal

details

on

an

online

form33.013.05.051.0Unauthorized

useofanother’saccountAccessed

someone

else’s

email

accountwithout

hisor

herknowledge18.06.02.026.0Used

someone’s

credit

details

onlinewithouthisor

herknowledge4.01.01.06.0Plagiarism

of

anessay

orassignmentCopied

a

few

sentencesfrom

awebsite

intoan

essay

orassignment

without

citing

the

source39.016.05.060.0Copied

a

few

paragraphs

from

awebsite

intoan

essay

or

assignment

without

citing

the

source21.07.02.020.0

Copied

a

few

pages

from

a

website

into

anessay

or

assignment

without

citing

the

source8.03.01.011.0

Copied

a

whole

essay

or

assignment

from

awebsite

without

citing

the

source2.01.00.64.0

Paid

for

an

essay

or

assignment

from

awebsite2.00.70.73.0Unauthorizeddownloading

ofmusicorfilmUnauthorized

downloading

of

music

fromtheinternet18.022.036.076.0Unauthorized

downloading

of

film

or

videofrom

the

internet18.016.019.053.0Pornography

useViewedonlinepornographyorpornographicpicturesoffilms17.012.011.040.0

Paidforonlinepornographyorpornographicpicturesoffilms3.01.01.05.0MenuAcademicLiteracySillsTheMagicofRealityUCASTask4Whendescribingfindings,oneofthemostimportantthingstorememberisthat,ratherthanrelyingontablesandgraphs,youmustcommunicateyourowninterpretationofthefindingstoreaders.Readthefollowingparagraphextractedfromtheresultssectionofanacademicarticleandanswerthefollowingquestions:

1.Whichword(s)is/areusedtodescribetheauthor’sevaluationonthe“mostcommononlinemisbehavior”?2.Whichsentencedescribestheauthors’discoveriesconcerningthetrendsorregularitiesinthedata?most

common;

very

high

percentage;

especially

alarmingIt

is

worthwhile

to

note

that

these

different

forms

of

online

misbehavior

seem

to

bepatternedaccordingtothedegreeoftheperceivedseriousnessofthebadbehavior.MenuAcademicLiteracySillsTheMagicofRealityUCASTask4Whendescribingfindings,oneofthemostimportantthingstorememberisthat,ratherthanrelyingontablesandgraphs,youmustcommunicateyourowninterpretationofthefindingstoreaders.Readthefollowingparagraphextractedfromtheresultssectionofanacademicarticleandanswerthefollowingquestions:3.Doestheauthorgiveanyreasonsof“illegaldownloading”?Ifso,istheauthorveryconfidentaboutthereasonshe/shegives?4.Howdoestheauthorgivethepossiblefuturepredictions?Yes.Illegaldownloadingmayhaveaneconomiccause,butotherreasonsmightbeimportant,aswell.No,theauthorusesmodalverbs“may”and“might”toexpresshis/hertentativeness.Thisproblemwilllikelytocontinueuntilreasonsthatstudentsengageinthisbehaviorareclearlyidentified.MenuEnglishforGeneralAcademicPurposesREADING&WRITING

UCAS通用學(xué)術(shù)英語綜合教程(讀寫)EnglishforGeneralAcademicPurposesREADING&WRITING

Chapter6MythofIdentityIsYourRobotMaleorFemale?UCASWhyFrankensteinisaStigmaAmongScientists?IsYourRobotMaleorFemale?TheNameGameTheNameGameBornLuckyReading1Reading2LearningObjectivesTolearnhowtousecorporatofindcollocationTograspgeneralexpressionsindescribingfindingsTolearntypicalwaysofdescribingcausalityandcorrelationTounderstandhowvariousdatavisualizationhelpsexplainthefindings

TheNameGameBornLuckyReading2BornLuckyRichardWiseman

UCASReading2UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading2UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading2UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading2UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading2UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading2UCASBeforeYouReadWhileYouReadAfterYouReadLanguageFocusAcademicLiteracySkillsReading2UCAS“Infact,therealityisyourthoughtscreatetheluckinyourlife.”“Luckisnotsomethingthathappenstoyou.Itissomethingyoucreate.”MenuBeforeYouRead

TheMagicofRealityWarming-upgThepictureshowsthethingsandsymbolsthatarebelievedtobringgoodlucktopeople.Whatarethey?Doyouneedoneofthemtohavegoodluck?GroceryStoreUCASMenuBeforeYouRead

TheMagicofRealityWarming-upgLineattheGroceryStoreUCASMenuAfour-leafclover,whichisoftenassociatedwithIrishcultureandisconsideredasymbolofgoodluckbecausetheyarerare.Apig,whichisconsideredasymbolofwealthandprosperityinsomecultures.Ahorseshoe,oftenhungondoorstobringgoodluckandprotectthehome.Anelephantwithitstrunkup,whichinmanyculturesisasignofgoodluck,wisdom,andprotection.A"beckoningcat,"whichisacommonJapanesefigurinebelievedtobringgoodlucktotheowner.Rabbit’sfeet,whichareconsideredluckyinvariouscultures.Aladybug,whichisbelievedtobringgoodluckinmanycultures.Thepictureshowsthethingsandsymbolsthatarebelievedtobringgoodlucktopeople.Whatarethey?BeforeYouRead

TheMagicofRealityWarming-upgLineattheGroceryStoreUCASMenuConductasurveyontherelationshipbetweenfeelingluckyandmonthofbirthamongyourclassmatesandfriends.Askthemtofillinthefollowingquestionnaire(1.Stronglydisagree2.Disagree3.Uncertain4.Agree5.Stronglyagree).Month

of

Birth:

Placeof

Birth:

Age:

Gender:

StatementsYour

Rating12345S1:

Ingeneral,I

am

a

lucky

person:

that

is,

I

tend

toexperiencelucky

breaksand

be

in

the

right

place

at

the

righttime.

S2:

I

do

not

have

a

tendency

to

worry

and

feel

anxious

about

life.

S3:

I

am

open

to

new

experiences,

such

as

trying

new

types

offood

and

drinks.

S4:

I

oftenlisten

tomy

gut

feelings

andhunches.

S5:

I

have

tried

some

techniques

to

boost

my

intuition,

such

asmeditation

or

justgoing

toa

quiet

place.

WhileYouReadTheMagicofRealityQueuingTheory:HowtochoosetheFastestLineattheGroceryStoreUCAS1.WhatwastheprimaryfocusofJayantiChotai'sresearchasmentionedinthearticle?A.Theimpactofbirthmonthonacademicsuccess.B.Therelationshipbetweenbirthmonthandpersonalitytraits.C.Theinfluenceofstarsignsonluck.D.Theeffectofbirthmonthonphysicalwell-being.Menu2.Howdidtheauthorsofthestudycollectdatafortheirresearch?A.Throughface-to-faceinterviewsatasciencefestival.B.ViaawebsiteduringtheEdinburghInternationalScienceFestival.C.Throughtelephonesurveysac

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