定語(yǔ)從句（適合高三）

Practicemakesperfect!Mayyousucceedinyourstudies!

RevisionoftheAttributiveClause定語(yǔ)從句復(fù)習(xí)Teachingaims1.Revisetestitemsoftheattributiveclause.2.Promotestudents’abilitytodistinguishandchooseproperrelativepronounsandadverbs.3.Developacompletegrammaticalframeoftheattributiveclause.考綱解讀掌握限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的基本用法；熟悉關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的用法及確定判斷使用哪種關(guān)系詞；掌握介詞+關(guān)系引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句；as和which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別。命題趨勢(shì)定語(yǔ)從句的考題側(cè)重在具體的語(yǔ)境中考查學(xué)生靈活運(yùn)用的能力，關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞選用，以及對(duì)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的考查。猜猜看,下面的句子明白了嗎?1.Hewho

does

not

reach

the

Great

Wall

is

not

a

true

man.

不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。2.Allthatglitters（閃光）isnotgold.

發(fā)光的未必都是金子。

3.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.4.Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves.誰(shuí)笑到最后,誰(shuí)笑得最好。天助自助者。關(guān)系詞及其意義指代人指代事物所屬關(guān)系指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間指原因who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewherewhenwhy關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞歸納總結(jié)定語(yǔ)從句：限制性定語(yǔ)從句，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(先行詞+關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞)句子結(jié)構(gòu)Thisisabook

which

tellsaboutspacetechnology.先行詞關(guān)系代詞定語(yǔ)從句TomorrowIwillgotothetownwhereIwasborn.先行詞定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1.that與which2.對(duì)theway的考查3.介詞+關(guān)系代詞4.as的使用5.對(duì)關(guān)系副詞的考查6.與其他從句的綜合考查考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞①先行詞是序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)；或被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。

Tomisthecleverestboy______Ihaveeverknown.

Thisisthefirstplay_______IhaveseensinceIcamehere.that/whomthat③everything,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much,few等不定代詞作先行詞時(shí)。Everything_______wesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行詞被every,some,no,all,any,little,much,few等修飾時(shí)。I’vereadallthebooks_______youlendme.thatthat④先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時(shí)。Thisistheverybook______belongstohim.⑤主句已有who或which時(shí)，為避免重復(fù)Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?Whichisthemachine_______weusedlastSunday.thatthatthat⑥

當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)I’veneverheardofthepeopleandthings_______youtalkedaboutjustnow.thatwhich與that的區(qū)分1.當(dāng)引導(dǎo)非限制定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)。Football,_______isaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.2.當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。Thisisthehousein_______heoncelived.3.當(dāng)先行詞本身是that時(shí)。That________youtoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.whichwhichwhich1.Iwanttoknowthedate______youwereborn.Ihaveforgottenthedate______youtoldme.2.Doyouknowthereason________heisabsenttoday?Thatisthereason_________Iwanttoknow.3.Thisisthefactory_______hisfatherworks.Thisisthefactory_________hisfathervisited.關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞whenwhich/thatwhywhich/thatwherewhich/that特別提醒：判斷定從的引導(dǎo)詞的關(guān)鍵是看先行詞在從句中作什么成分填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因：1.Theway_________________hespoketouswasrude.2.Theway_________________hesolvedtheproblemwasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺狀語(yǔ)缺賓語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)：theway用做先行詞3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway________________hesaidit.(湖北)高考題鏈接：that/inwhich/不填考點(diǎn)：介詞+關(guān)系詞1.根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中介詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配

Doyouknowtheboy_______yourmotheristalking?2.根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中形容詞與介詞的搭配

Hegavemesomenovels___________I

amnot

veryfamiliar.3.根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配

Istillremembertheday________Ifirstgotto

Paris.4.動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)不能拆開(kāi)，即介詞不能提前。

Thisisthechild_________Iwilltakecareof.

towhomwithwhichonwhichwhom/that1.Hehastwosons.Bothof________areteachers.2.Hehastwosons,bothof________areteachers.(2016·江蘇高考)Many

young

people,most

of

______were

well-educated，headed

for

remote

regions

to

chase

their

dreams.(2016·浙江高考)Scientists

have

advanced

many

theories

about

why

human

beings

cry

tears，none

of

________

has

been

proved.“介詞(of)+關(guān)系代詞”前還可有代詞或者數(shù)詞,分?jǐn)?shù),百分?jǐn)?shù)以及the+最高級(jí)等.themwhomwhomwhich介詞+關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定從常見(jiàn)形式：fromwhere，sincewhen，bywhenTomhidhimselfbehindthedoor,fromwherehecouldhearthestepsofhismotherclearly.Shelefthomethreeyearsago,sincewhenwehaven’theardfromher.3.Themanstoodatthewindow,______hecouldwatchthechildrenplaying.4.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,_______theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.fromwheresincewhen非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和單句的比較2.Hefailedintheexam._______madehisparentsangry.3.Hefailedintheexam,_______madehisparentsangry.Thatwhich×

that1.IamreadingHarryPorter,_____isaninterestingbook.whichPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Theearthisround,_____isknowntoall._____isknowntoall,theearthisround.______isknowntoallthat

theearthisround.which/as

AsItas具有”正如”之意，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞一般是固定的,如：asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpect/asisexpected/ashasbeenpointedoutasweexpected定語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)只能用as歸納：as與which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句都能指代整句內(nèi)容，但定語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，只能用

as,意為“正如”。Pleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare難點(diǎn)：as的用法1.Itissuchaheavystone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissoheavyastone_____nobodycanlift.asas歸納：as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句先行詞前常被such,thesame,so等修飾，即構(gòu)成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,結(jié)構(gòu)，做題時(shí)容易忽略。as在定語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)充當(dāng)成分如：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。as引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書。(定語(yǔ)從句)這本書如此有趣，大家都喜歡。(結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)Thisisthesamebook______youboughtyesterday.(同類不同一本書)比較:Thisisthesamebook______youboughtyesterday.(同一本書)asthat1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已經(jīng)到了無(wú)法容忍他的地步了。國(guó)家正處在隨時(shí)有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的局勢(shì)中。where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，但也有特殊情況。難點(diǎn)：一些特殊詞之后的where解析：如果定語(yǔ)從句分別修飾point,situation,condition,stage和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint_________bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.(山東)

2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint_______wemustinsiston.(江西)

高考題鏈接：

做題要靈活;要分析句子成分,選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞。

that/whichwhere

1.Thisisthelibrary______Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary_____Iborrowedthebook.wherethat綜合考查一：定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句3.—WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?—Itwasinthehotel_________Ilived.

難點(diǎn):綜合考查

近年來(lái)，高考對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句和其它從句如：強(qiáng)調(diào)句、名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句等的綜合考查越來(lái)越多，這就要求考生有扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和較強(qiáng)的綜合分析能力。wherethatIlastsawhim.綜合考查二