必修四module6知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講及練習(xí)

Module6UnexplainedmysteriesofthenaturalworldTheburningdesiretosucceedThemotivationtosucceedcomesfromtheburningdesiretoachieveapurpose.NapoleonHillwrote,“Whateverthemindofmancanconceive1andbelieve,themindcanachieve．”AyoungmanaskedSocratesthesecrettosuccess.Socratestoldtheyoungmantomeethimneartheriverthenextmorning.Theymet.Socratesaskedtheyoungmantowalkwithhimtowardtheriver.Whenthewatergotuptotheirneck,Socratestooktheyoungmanbysurpriseandduckedhimintothewater.TheboystruggledtogetoutbutSocrateswasstrongandkepthimthereuntiltheboystartedturningblue.Socratespulledhisheadoutofthewaterandthefirstthingtheyoungmandidwastogaspandtakeadeepbreathofair.Socratesasked,“Whatdidyouwantthemostwhenyouwerethere？”Theboyreplied，“Air.”socratessaid,“Thatisthesecrettosuccess.Whenyouwantsuccessasbadlyasyouwantedtheair,thenyouwillgetit.Thereisnoothersecret.”Aburningdesireisthestartingpointofallaccomplishment.Justlikeasmallfirecannotgivemuchheat,aweakdesirecannotproducegreatresults.【助讀詞匯】1．conceivevt.懷有2．o...把……猛按進(jìn)……3．gaspvi.喘息【佳句變換】1．whatever讓步狀語(yǔ)從句Whateveryouwanttobe,youcanbeitaslongasyoustruggleon.只要你繼續(xù)努力，你就可以到達(dá)目標(biāo)。Ⅰ.單詞薈萃1.____________adj.嚇人的→___________v．使驚嚇，驚恐→___________adj.受驚的，受恐嚇的→frightn.驚嚇，恐怖2．existvi.存在，生存→__________n.存在→____________adj.現(xiàn)存的，現(xiàn)在的3．sharpadj.鋒利的，尖的；急劇的adv.準(zhǔn)時(shí)的→_______________adv.鋒利地，急劇地→______________v．(使)鋒利，鋒利4.____________adj.神秘的→mysteryn．神秘，神秘的人或物5.____________vi.使適應(yīng)，使適合；改編→adaptionn.適應(yīng)，改編6．destructionn．毀壞→______________vt.毀壞7．unpredictableadj.變化莫測(cè)的→____________adj.可預(yù)言的；可預(yù)報(bào)的→___________vt.預(yù)言；預(yù)報(bào)→_____________n.預(yù)言，預(yù)報(bào)8._____________vt.象征，暗示→indicationn.指出；跡象；指示9.____________n．運(yùn)氣，命運(yùn)，一大筆錢→fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的→____________adv.幸運(yùn)地→_____________adj.不幸的Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)檢測(cè)1.幾乎；接近2.再次成為新聞3．不可能做某事4.對(duì)……表示疑心5．適應(yīng)……6.逐漸消失；滅絕7．幫助弄清楚；說明某事8．開門見山；談?wù)}9.應(yīng)用或適用于；喜歡；想法得到10．由于；因……造成11．了不起，真精彩12．與……密切相關(guān)13.根據(jù)普遍的看法Ⅲ.佳句再現(xiàn)1.He____________________aroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.他聲稱他看見一個(gè)黑黑的、圓圓的動(dòng)物在水中快速游動(dòng)。2.Theysaythatthelow-temperaturelake______________________________suchlargelivingcreatures.他們說，水溫這樣低的湖泊不可能存活體形如此巨大的動(dòng)物。3.__________________________,ifyouwerebornintheyearofthedragon,youareintelligent,braveand________________________.根據(jù)普遍的說法，如果你出生在龍年，你聰明，勇敢，而且是天生的領(lǐng)袖。4.However,____________theborderinWales,thereddragonwhichappearsontheWelshflagis_________________,__________________________________________.然而，在邊界那邊的威爾士，出現(xiàn)在威爾士國(guó)旗上的紅色龍卻是一個(gè)正面象征，暗示著力量和民族認(rèn)同感。單元語(yǔ)法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞mayhave;mighthave1claimvt.(tostatethatsth.istrue,eventhoughithasnotbeenproved)聲稱；(demandorrequeststh.becauseitisoronebelievesitisone’srightorone’sproperty)要求，認(rèn)領(lǐng)；索賠n.要求；索賠；聲稱；對(duì)某事物的權(quán)利 claimthat… 聲稱…… claimtodosth. 聲稱做某事【經(jīng)典句式】Itisclaimedthat…據(jù)說……【活學(xué)活用】_________________somedoctorswereworking80hoursaweek.據(jù)說有些醫(yī)生每周工作80個(gè)小時(shí)。2calmadj.(relaxed,notangry,nervous,orupset)平靜的；鎮(zhèn)定的；(oftheseawithoutlargewaves;still)(指海洋)無(wú)浪的，平靜的【易混辨析】calm,quiet,still和silentcalm指天氣、海洋等時(shí)，表示一種無(wú)風(fēng)無(wú)浪的“平靜”；指人時(shí)，表示鎮(zhèn)靜、平和的心情。quiet指沒有動(dòng)靜，沒有噪音，尤指沒有騷動(dòng)的安寧狀態(tài)。still側(cè)重于“不動(dòng)，靜止”。silent用于事物時(shí)，側(cè)重沒有聲響，寂靜；用于指人時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)少言寡語(yǔ)?！净顚W(xué)活用】選擇calm,quiet,still或silent填空(1)Pleasekeep___________whileItakeyourphoto.(2)Afterthestormtheseawas____________again.(3)Itisimportanttostay_____________inanemergency.(4)Can’tyoukeepthechildren_______________?I’mtryingtoconcentrate.(5)Hewas_____________foramoment,andthenbeganhisanswer.3adaptvt.(becomeadjustedtonewconditions,etc.)(使)適應(yīng)；(tochangesth.tomakeitsuitableforadifferentpurpose)(使)適合；改編，改寫 (1) adaptableadj. 能適應(yīng)的，適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的；可改編的 adaption/adaptationn. 適應(yīng)；改編本，改寫本 (2) adapt(oneself)to 使(自己)適應(yīng)或習(xí)慣于 adaptfrom… 根據(jù)……改寫，改編【活學(xué)活用】1．根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子(1)She_________________thenewclimatesoon.她很快就適應(yīng)了這種新氣候。(2)Thenovel________________forradiofromtheRussianoriginal.這部小說已由俄文原著改編成播送節(jié)目。2．單項(xiàng)填空 Thesestylescanbe________tosuitindividualtastes. A.switch B.replaced C.adopted D.adapted4fortunen.運(yùn)氣；命運(yùn)；(averylargeamountofmoney) 大筆的錢，巨款 (1) fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的 fortunatelyadv. 幸運(yùn)地 (2) tellone’sfortune 給某人算命 tryone’sfortune碰運(yùn)氣 makeafortune 發(fā)財(cái)【溫馨提示】當(dāng)表示“財(cái)富”時(shí)，fortune是可數(shù)名詞，常用其單數(shù)形式，如：alargefortune一大筆錢；而wealth是不可數(shù)名詞，possessions表示“所有物”要用復(fù)數(shù)形式?！净顚W(xué)活用】(1)___________，hefoundthemoneythathehadlost.幸運(yùn)的是，他找到了他喪失的錢。(2)HewenttoAustraliaandsoon______________.他到澳大利亞后，不久就發(fā)財(cái)了。1closeto幾乎；接近；接近于 be/getcloseto 接近；靠近 beclosetodeath/tears/despair差一點(diǎn)死去/差一點(diǎn)哭出來(lái)/幾乎絕望 beclosetodoingsth. 幾乎/差一點(diǎn)做某事【溫馨提示】becloseto中to是介詞，后面加名詞或動(dòng)名詞?！净顚W(xué)活用】(1)Severaltimeshetriedto__________theboyinthewater,buthefailedbecauseofwaves.好幾次他努力去靠近水里的男孩，可因?yàn)轱L(fēng)浪太大都失敗了。(2)He_____________________intheaccident.他差點(diǎn)死于這場(chǎng)事故。2dieout滅絕；(風(fēng)俗、習(xí)慣等)消失 dieaway(風(fēng)、聲音、光等)逐漸減弱；逐漸消逝；逐漸模糊 diedown 逐漸平息；逐漸減弱 dieoff 相繼死去；先后死去 dieof/from 死于 bedyingfor 迫切需要；渴望【活學(xué)活用】1．根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子 (1)Thiskindofanimalis___________________inthis country. 這種動(dòng)物在這個(gè)國(guó)家瀕臨滅絕。 (2)Theoldtraditions___________. 舊傳統(tǒng)正在逐漸消失。3comestraighttothepoint談?wù)}；直入主題 (1)beside/offthepoint 不切正題；無(wú)關(guān)緊要 ______thepoint 切題；簡(jiǎn)潔中肯 keeptothepoint 不偏離主題 (2)beonthepointof… 正要…… (3)point_______ 指出 pointto/at 指向，指著【經(jīng)典句式】Thereisnopoint(in)doingsth.做某事沒有意義?！净顚W(xué)活用】(1)AsIwasinahurry，Iaskedhimto_____________________________atonce.由于我很匆忙，所以我讓他立刻談?wù)}。(2)Iwas____________________whenthetelephonerang.我正要離開，這時(shí)響了。(3)Thereis________________________.再爭(zhēng)論已經(jīng)沒有意義了。4gofor應(yīng)用或適用于；喜歡；想法得到(某物) goby (指時(shí)間)過去，消逝；遵照或依照 godown 下降；減少godownwith…患病 goinfor 從事；鉆研；參加 goallout 全力以赴，作最大努力【活學(xué)活用】用go短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)IthinkI’ll______________thefruitsalad.(2)Don’tgiveup.Just____________it.(3)Astime_____________mymemoryseemstogetworse.(4)Ouryoungestboyhas______________mumps(腮腺炎).(5)Iwill______________tohelpyou.5dueto因?yàn)?，由?(1)becauseof 由于，因?yàn)閛wing_____ 由于，因?yàn)? asaresultof 由于……的結(jié)果thanks_____ 由于；幸虧；多虧 onaccountof由于；為了……的緣故(2) beduetodosth. 預(yù)定要做某事【活學(xué)活用】(1)Thepolicemansaidtheaccidentlastnightwas____________driving.警察說昨晚的事故是由于粗心駕駛造成的。(2)Hisbookis_________________inOctober.他的書預(yù)計(jì)在10月出版。1.Heclaimstohaveseenaroundblackcreaturemovingquicklythroughthewater.他聲稱看見一個(gè)黑黑的、圓圓的動(dòng)物在水中快速游動(dòng)。本句中不定式短語(yǔ)的完成式tohaveseen...表示不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。不定式的常見形式有三種：(1)不定式的一般式：todo，表示與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同一時(shí)間發(fā)生或動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主動(dòng)詞之前。(2)不定式的進(jìn)行式：tobedoing，表示與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同一時(shí)間發(fā)生，并且動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。(3)不定式的完成式：tohavedone，表示發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前?！净顚W(xué)活用】①Heseems______________theexam.他似乎通過了考試。②Hepretended____________abookwhenIpassedby.我路過時(shí)他假裝在看書。3．Fishermensometimesclaim________monstersinthesea.A．havingseen B．toseeC．tohaveseen D．saw4．Over80，000peoplearereported________inthe5·12bigearthquakewhichhappenedinSichuanProvince.A．beingkilled B．havingbeenkilledC．tohavebeenkilled D．killed2.There

have

been

reports

of

monsters

inLakeTianchisince

the

beginning

of

the

last

century,althoughnoonehasseenonecloseup.盡管沒有人在近前看過，但是在上個(gè)世紀(jì)初就有關(guān)于天池怪物的報(bào)道了?！鞠嚓P(guān)拓展】Therebe句型的其他變式結(jié)構(gòu)：Thereusedtobe…/Thereseemstobe…/Therehappenstobe…Therelie(s)/stand(s)/live(s)/sit(s)+nTherebe句型的動(dòng)名詞形式或獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：Therebeing….Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式形式：Theretobe….【活學(xué)活用】(1)________________________somepeoplewaitingatthebusstop.碰巧有些人在公交車站等車。(2)__________________nothingelsetodo,wewenthome.沒有別的什么事可做，我們就回家了、(3)Weallexpect_________________enoughtimeforustostudybyourselves.我們都希望有足夠的時(shí)間來(lái)自學(xué)。3.Whyshouldthedragonhaveadifferentcharacterindifferentpartsoftheworld.為什么在世界的不同地區(qū)，龍竟然有不同的特性。【要點(diǎn)解讀】Should與疑問詞連用表示不感興趣、難以相信等。也可以表示驚訝、不以為然等情緒，用于某些句型中多表示〔“竟然”〕【活學(xué)活用】(1)HowshouldIknow?我怎么知道？(2)It’sstrangethathe________________________.很奇怪，他竟然會(huì)缺席。(3)Youcan’timaginethatsuchagoodstudentlikehim______________intheexam.你無(wú)法想象像他這么好的學(xué)生竟然考試不及格。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．A_________isthebestformofdefence.2．InWales，thereddragonontheWelshflagisapositivesymbol,i___________strengthandasenseofnationalidentity.3．Thefamouswriterisstill_________(思維敏捷的)inthoughtthoughhehasattainedtheageofninety-two.4．Itwas_____________(慷慨的)ofyoutoshareyourfoodwithme.5.Hehasa____________(積極的)attitudetowardslife.Ⅱ.選詞填空bebackinthenews，beskepticalabout，throwlighton，bequitesomething，gofor1．I_________________whatIreadinthepress.2．Yourwords_______________thetruth.3.Thismonster________________.Peopleacrossthecountryaretalkingaboutit.4.Ifyouhaveadream,youshould_____________it.5.He_______________,havingachievedsomuch.Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空1．Thereisagreatdealofevidence_______thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain. A．indicate B．indicatingC．toindicate D．tobeindicating2．Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey________veryeasilytonewenvironments. A．a(chǎn)daptB．a(chǎn)ppealC．a(chǎn)ttachD．a(chǎn)pply3．Heneverdreamedabout________achancetogoabroad. A．thereis B．theretobeC．therebeing