形容詞和冠詞

形容詞、副詞一.1.形容詞的用法和位置用法位置例子修飾名詞修飾不定代詞放在名詞之前，不定代詞+形容詞形容詞+enoughThenicegirlismysister.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Theroomisbigenoughtolivein.作表語be，look，sound，smell，feel，keep，get，become，seem，turn+形容詞Heis/looks/feels/becomes/seemshappy.Hegetsangry.Wemustkeephealthy.作賓補make,keep…+形容詞Youmustkeepyoureyesclosed.Thestorymakesmehappy.the+形容詞，表示一類人。thegood/bad,therich/poor,theyoung/old,Therichshouldhelpthepoor.Theyoungaretakengoodcareof.2．副詞在句中作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或句子。1）副詞有程度副詞（very,so，quite，enough，rather,too等），2）頻率副詞(usually,often,never,sometimes,hardly,almost,always,seldom等)，行前be后地點副詞（here,there，home等），前省略介詞to/…(gohome/there,區(qū)別：gotomyhome)3）方式副詞（easily,angrily,heavily,well等）通常在形容詞后加ly構(gòu)成。一般在動詞后面：livehappily,sleepwellly的加法規(guī)則有：a．直接加ly;slow_____________quick___________loud________b．以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的把y改為i再加ly．happy________heavy__________c.以le結(jié)尾的單詞把le改為ly;terrible___________d．不規(guī)則變化：good好的—well①adv:…得好,studywell②adj:身體好I’mwell.fast—fast，early--early,late-late，hard—hard(hardly幾乎不)注意：friendly,lonely,lovely是以ly結(jié)尾，是形容詞，不是副詞Hetalks_____________.(loud/loudly).Be__________,please.Youmustdoit_________.(careful/carefully)Heisa_________boy.Heplays_____________.(happy/happily).Whata__________rain.Itisraining______________(heavy/heavily).Thequestionarevery____________.Wehavetowork_________onthem.(hard/hardly).Hesings_____________,heisa_______singer.(good/well).二、形容詞、副詞常考知識點l.-ed和-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞的用法形容詞形容詞動詞名詞boringboredboreboreinterestinginterestedinterestinterestsurprisingsurprisedsurprisesurpriseexcitingexcitedexcitedexcitementtiringtiredtire/②-ing形容詞一般用來形容“物”,“令人…”,-ed形容詞一般用來形容“人“的感受，“感到…”★特別提醒：以上兩點只是相對說來，并非絕對如：aninterestingstory/oldmanTheoldmanisveryinteresting.這位老人（本身）很有趣。③在It’s+-ing+todosth.的句型中，1)Thepartymadeus_________.Thejokesmadetheparty________.(excite)2)Mostofusare________inthe________film.(interest)3)Toour________,hegaveusa_______success.Wegotvery_______atwhathesaid.(surprise)2．a(chǎn)lone，lonelyalone:bealone/dosth.alone單獨/獨自做某事，lonely:be/feellonely孤獨的，alonelygirl）1).Youshouldfinishyourhomework_______.2).Theoldmanlives___________inthecountryside,butheneverfeels_________.3).Hewas___________athomeyesterday.4).Sheisa_________girl.3.形容詞+enough足夠…tallenough（形前名后）enough+名詞enoughmoney不定代詞（something/anything/somebody….）+形容詞somethingexciting.anythingelse1)Ihave_____totellyou.A.excitingsomethingB.excitedsomethingC.somethingexcitingD.somethingexcited2)Canyoufind_____________intheroom?A.anybodystrangeB.strangesomebodyC.strangeanythingD.somebodystrange3)Mybrotheris________toget________.A.youngenough,enoughfoodB.enoughyoung,foodenoughC.oldenough,enoughfoodD.enoughold,foodenough4)Theproblemis___formetosolve.A.enougheasyB.enougheasilyC.hardenoughD.easyenough4.區(qū)別hard，hardlyhard努力地，艱苦的，困難的，猛烈地，硬的hardly幾乎不1)Itrainedso_____thatwecould_____seetheroad.2)Thestudentsworkvery_______atschool.3)Heisveryfatbecausehe________everexercises.3）Thisisn’teasy,itisvery_________.5.sick與ill區(qū)別：_________________________________________Heis__________________.Pleaselookafterthe_____boy.6.howlong,howoften,howsoon,howmany,howmuch,howfar,howoldHowlong多長時間，回答是：for+時間段，since+過去時間Howoften多久一次，回答是：often，usually，always,sometimes,everyday，onceaweek等Howsoon多久以后，回答是：in+時間段Howfar多遠(yuǎn)，間距離Howold多大年紀(jì)Howmany多少+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Howmuch1．多少錢2．多少十不可數(shù)名詞8.區(qū)別already,yetAlready已經(jīng)，（現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句）yet還（現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句和疑問句）1)Thestudentshavefinishedtheirhomework_____.2)Wehaven’thadlunch________.3)HavetheyarrivedinBeijing________?9.也：肯定句：too（有逗號,句末）aswell（句末）also（句中）否定句：否定句，either.代詞，neither.Me,neither.l)WatchingEnglishTV______helpsalittle.2)WangLinisateacher.Heisascientist_______.3)MaryisfromEngland,KateisfromEngland,____.4)–Idon’tlikeit.–Me,________.5)–Idon’tlikeit.–Idon’tlikeit,________.10.so與such_____________________________________Thebookis________interestingthatwealllikeit.Itis________aninterestingbookthatwealllikeit.做題技巧：1.區(qū)分用形容詞還是副詞；2.他們的位置：形容詞：系動詞后Themusicsounds/isbeautiful.名詞前面It’sanicebook.不定代詞的后面Ihavesomethingnicetogiveyou.enough的前面Heistallenough.副詞：動詞后面Hecansingverywell.enough的前面Hedrivesthecarcarefullyenough.l.Hewasn’t_______withtheknife.Hecuthimself______.A.carefulenough,carelessB.enoughcareful,carelesslyC.carefullyenough,carelessD.enoughcarefully,carelessly2.Thoughhehaslivedinthatbighouse_______foralongtime,heneverfeelsA.alone,lonelyB.alone,aloneC.lonely,lonelyD.lonely,alone3.Thiskindofskirtlooks___andsells______.A.nice,wellB.niceC.well,wellD.good,good4Thereis_______intoday’snewspaper.A.something,interestingB.interesting,somethingCsomething,interestedD.interested,something5.Jackdidn’trun_______tocatchupwiththeotherrunners.A.fastenoughB.quickenoughC.enoughslowD.slowlyenough6.How____theyareworking!A.hardlyB.ahardC.hardD.ahardly7.Itrainedso______thatIcould_____gooutlastnight.A.hard,hardB.hard,hardlyC.hardly,hardlyD.hardly,hard8.Thelittleboylooks_______.A.lovelyB.carefullyCheavilyD.sadly9.Thesongsounds________.A.sweetlyB.nicelyC.wellD.good10.Heis___teacherthatallofuslikehim.A.suchgoodaB.asogoodC.sogoodaD.asuchgood11.--______doyougotoswimintheriver?--Onceaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howmuch12.--____willyouhandinyourhomework?--IntwodaysA.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howmuch13.____isthebookstore?It’sabout500metersA.HowfarB.HowlongC.HowawayD.Howmany14.Marycan’tmakeagoodkite.Ican’t,_______.A.tooB.alsoC.eitherD.neither15.Idon’tlikeswimming,______.A.tooB.eitherC.alsoD.neither16.Ihaveneverseen______nicefilmasthat.A.suchB.soC.soaD.sucha17.Theelephantis_____bigthathecan’tbeputinto_____asmallcage.A.so,soB.such,soC.so,suchD.such,such18.Thewateris_____hotthatIcan’tdrinkit.A.quiteB.soC.tooD.very19.Canyoubelievethatin____arichcountrythereshouldbe_____manypoorpeople?A.such,suchB.so,soC.so,suchD.such,so20.Whenshesawwhathappened,shewas___frightenedtosayaword.A.veryB.soC.tooD.quite21.Grandpahasreturnedthebooktothelibrary_______.A.yetB.alreadyC.evenD.still22.lt’soneo’clock,butherfatherhasn’tcomebackA.alreadyB.stillC.tooD.yet23.____,shewasnot____hurt.A.Lucky,badlyB.Luckily,badlyC.Luckily,badD.Luck,bad24.Johnwassotiredthathecouldhardlykeephiseyes___.A.openB.toopenC.openedD.opening25.Thegirlwas____whensheheardthe____words.A.frightening,frighteningB.frightened,frightenedC.frightening,frightenedD.frightened,frightening三、形容詞、副詞的原級、比較級和最高級（一）原級、比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則構(gòu)成方法單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)多音節(jié)詞一般在詞尾加________cold,quiet,fast不發(fā)音字母e”結(jié)尾____________nice,large以“輔元輔”結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，___________________big,fat,hot,thin,red,wet以“輔音字母+y”，_______________________easy,early，happy多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞______________/______________注意：以ly結(jié)尾（除了early）tired,serious，famousdifficult,interesting,beautifulslowly,quicklytired,serious不規(guī)則的原級比較級最高級good好/wellbetter（更好）best（最好）bad/badly/壞ill生病worse（更差）worst（最差）many/much多（可數(shù)、不可數(shù)）more（更多）most（最多）little少（不可數(shù)）less（更少）least(最少)far遠(yuǎn)farther/further(更遠(yuǎn)/更進(jìn)一步)farthest/furthest（最遠(yuǎn)）（二）形容詞級別的使用情況原級：1.在very/too/so/quite/really/kindof后。Thisbookisvery_________interesting.2.as句型as.+原級+asHeisas_________asme.(tall)notas+原級+as/notso+原級+asHedidn’trunas/so_______asyou.(fast)二.比較級:兩個人或物之間的比較。1.給出兩者選擇：Whichdoyoulike__________,applesorpears?(good)在ofthetwo…中（要用the+比較級）：Thisis__________________(beautiful)ofthetwobags.2、than句型Hisbookis_________(new)thanmine.1）注意比較對象要一致人與人比，物與物比，而且比較結(jié)構(gòu)前后的詞語要對稱，用替代詞that,those,one,ones.①Myhairisshorterthan______.我的頭發(fā)比她的短。②Thoseapplesarebiggerthanthese________.這些蘋果比那些大。③Thebagsinthisshoparenicerthan_______inthatone.這間鞋店的包比那間漂亮。④TheweatherinGDisalotwarmerthan______inBeijing.廣東的天氣比北京暖得多。2）注意這兩個句子：①ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.（anyother+n單數(shù)）=ShanghaiislargerthantheothercitiesinChina.(theother+n復(fù)數(shù))上海比中國任何別的城市大。（上海屬于中國的城市，有other）ShanghaiislargerthananycityinJapan.上海比日本任何城市大。②ShanghaiislargerthananycityinJapan.上海比日本任何城市大。（上海不屬于日本，無other）3.alittle,abit,much,alot,far,even,still+比較級，than有時候會省略。例:muchbigger(大很多)muchmoreexpensive(昂貴得多)more和..er不能同時出現(xiàn)1)Mybagismuch______thanyours.A.morenicerB.morebeautifulC.morebeautifulerD.morenice具體程度的比較具體數(shù)字+比較級+than+比較對象”。Yourbookis5yuan__________________________(expensive)thanmine.4、句型：The+比較級(+句子),the+比較級(+句子).(越…,越…)Themore,thebetter.比較級+and+比較級（越來越…）1)–erand--erI’mtallerandtaller.我越長越高。2)moreandmoreI’mmoreandmoreoutgoing.我越來越外向。三、最高級：三者或三者以上的人或事物的比較1.用于Who/Which+be+the+最高級，A,B,orC?Whichis_____________(cheap),theredone,theyellowoneorthegreenone?2.in+范圍Heis__________(tall)inChina/ourclass.ofall/ofthe+數(shù)字He___________(famous)ofallthethreestudents.最高級的常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)：3.序數(shù)詞+最高級Heisthesecond_______(good)studentinourclass.4.詞組：oneof后跟最高級1.______childrenthereareinfamily,_______theirlifewillbe.A.Theless;thebetterB.Thefewer;thebetterC.Fewer;richer D.More;poorer2.MostofthepeopleinGuangdongaregetting________.A.moreandmorerich B.morerichandmorerichC.richerandricherD.richerandrichest3.Whichlessonis_______,thisoneorthatone?A.difficult B.muchdifficultC.moredifficult D.themostdifficult4.Indiahasthesecond_______populationintheworld.A.larger B.most C.smallest D.largest5.Howbeautifulshesings!I'veneverheard________.A.thebettervoice B.agoodvoiceC.thebestvoice D.abettervoice6.OfthetwoAustralianstudents,Mashais________one.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.A.tallest B.thetaller C.taller D.thetallest7.Theexperimentwas____easierthanwehadexpected.A.moreB.muchmoreC.muchD.moremuch8.Hefeels_____todaythanyesterday.A.tired B.moretiredC.moretirederD.muchtired9.Thelineis____thanthatone.A.morelonger B.notlongerC.muchmorelonger D.manymorelonger10.Thebookis____ofthetwo.A.thinner B.thethinnerC.morethinner D.thethinnest11.Shelooks_____thanshedoes.A.themoreolder B.veryolder C.mucholder D.moreolder12.Thegardenisbecoming______.A.morebeautifulandmore B.morebeautifulandbeautifulC.moreandmorebeautiful D.morebeautifulandbeautifuler13.Howwelldidyoudointhemathexam?--Betterthanbefore.Ithinkitwas___difficultthanthelastone.A.more B.less C.muchD.very14.Englishisas_____asmaths.A.betterB.muchuseful C.moreimportant D.important15.Hejumps______ofthethree.A.farB.furtherC.farthestD.furthest16.Whichmonthhas____daysinayear?February.A.fewerB.moreC.thefewestD.themost17.

English

is

one

of____

spoken

in

the

world.

A.

the

important

languageB.

the

most

important

languagesC.

most

important

language

D.

the

most

important

language冠詞中考對冠詞的考查主要集中在：(1)不定冠詞a/an:經(jīng)常用在第一次提到某人或某物時,表示一個.或表示某一類人或事物。（2）定冠詞the：世上獨一無二，序數(shù)最高級，樂器,一類人，一家人，年代（比較級）。（3）零冠詞：代詞限定名詞前，專有名詞不可數(shù)，復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指，學(xué)科球類三餐飯，季節(jié)星期月份前，顏色語種和國名，稱呼習(xí)語及頭銜。1.區(qū)分a、an：a用于輔音音素前，而an則用于元音音素前。(是根據(jù)其讀音，而不是根據(jù)其字母)以元音音素開頭的字母：an“a,e，f，h，i，l，m,n，o，r，s，x．”（巧記：Mr.Lihasonefox．）auniversity/aEuropean/ausualthing/ausefulbook/aone-wayroadanhour/anhonestman/anunusualgift/anumbrella/aneight-year-oldboy/aneleven-year-oldboy1）Alittleboywrote_____“u”and____“n”onthewall.A.a;anB.an;aC.an;anD.a;a2)–Whatdoyouwanttobeinthefuture,Nick?-Iwanttobe___pilot.It’s____excitingjob.A.a;aB.a;anC.the;anD．a(chǎn)：the3)Simonis____honestboy.Nowheisstudyingin___university.A.a;anB.an;aC.the;aD.a;the2.a/an指“一”，不可以直接跟不可數(shù)名詞，the指“這、那”。1)____bookonthedeskis____usefulone.A.The;anB.A;aC.The;aD.The;/2)Thereis____Americanboyinourclassand____boycanspeakgoodChinese.A.an;the.B.an;an.C.a;an.D.a;the.3)–Haveyouseen____umbrellaonthedeskjustnow?-Isit____blueone?A.an;theB.an;aC.a;TheD.the;a4）I’vethrownmyoldshoesaway.I’llhavetobuy____.A.anewpairB.anewoneC.somenewD.somenewpair3.the+序數(shù)詞(指第幾次)，a+序數(shù)詞（指又一次）ThisisthethirdtimeI’veseenthemovie.Hefailedagain,buthetriedathirdtime.1)Januaryis____firstmonthoftheyear.A.a B./C.an D.the2）Theyfailedsixtimes,buttheyhavedecidedtotry____.A.seventimesB.theseventimeC.theseventhtimeD.aseventhtime4.playthe+樂器，play+球類、棋類Ilikeplayingthepiano,butIdon’tlikeplayingsoccerorchess.1)—Doyouoftenplay____________soccerwithyourfriends?—No,Idon’tlikesports.Ioftenplay____________pianoinmyfreetime.A.a,theB.the,/C./,theD.the,a2)—Listen!Someoneisplaying____violin?—Wow!___beautifulmusic!IlikeitverymuchA.a;whata B.an;Howa C.the;What D./;Whata5.不可數(shù)名詞前不用a/an:Whatgoodweatheritis!時間、三餐飯(不可數(shù))不用冠詞havetime,havebreakfast/lunch….但前面有詞修飾時有awehaveagoodtime.haveabigbreakfast/dinner…1).____fineweatherwehavetoday!Let’sgoswimming.A.WhataB.HowC.WhatD.Howa2).What____itis!A.aheavyrainB.heavyrainC.aheavyrainsD.heavyrains3).____timewehadattheparty!A.WhatwonderfulB.WhatawonderfulC.HowwonderfulD.Howawonderful4）Sheoftenspendsmuch____timereading.A.aB.anC.theD./5)Wehave____lunchathome.Buttomorrowwewillhave____biglunchintherestaurant.A.a,theB./,/C.a,/D./,a6.the+形容詞原級指一類人theold/young/rich/poor/sickthe+最高級，Heisthetallestinourclass.特殊：有the的比較級：Heisthetallerofthetwostudents.Theharderyoustudy,thebettergradesyouwillget.1)Sundayis____firstdayoftheweek.A.theB./C.aD.an2)-Where’snearestbookstore?-There’soneatendofthestreet. A．the…anB．a(chǎn)…theC．the…the D．a(chǎn)…an3)____morecarefullyyouride,____fewerfallsyou’llget.A.The,theB.A,theC.The,aD.A,a4)Weshouldthinkof____oldand____sick.A.a,a B.an,aC.the,the D./,/7.this/that/last/next/物主代詞(my,your,myfather’s..)前不用冠詞1)Thisismy_____bestbook.A.aB.anC.theD./2)Todayismyfather’s_____fortiethbirthday.A.aB.anC.theD./8.年、月、季節(jié)、星期前不用冠詞：in1990,但世紀(jì)、年代用the：inthe1990s1)Myparentswerebornin____1970s,andIwasbornin___2000.A.the,/B./,/C.a,/D.a,the2）____Februaryisthesecondmonthoftheyear.A.TheB.AC./D.an3）Wehavenoclasseson____Sundays.A.theB.aC.anD./9.theteacherandthedoctor兩個人(一個老師一個醫(yī)生)theteacheranddoctor一個人（既是老師也是醫(yī)生）1)Theteacherand_____writerismyfriend.A.aB.anC.theD./2)Theteacherand_____writeraremyfriends.A.aB.anC.theD./10.by直接跟交通工具單數(shù)bybustakethe/a+交通工具takethe/abusin/onthe/a+交通工具onthe/abus1）Wemusttake____busthereandcomebackby____taxi.A.the,theB./,/C.a,/D.a,the11.人名、地名前不用the，American,Mr.Green但the+姓s表示一家人theGreens,格林一家1)___Blackswerehavingbreakfastatseventhismorning.A.AB.AnC./D.The2)____liveinRoom208.A.TheGreen B.Mr.GreenC.TheGreens D.Greens3）Myuncletoldmehewasgoingtovisit____.A.theUnitedStateB.TheUnitedStatesC.UnitedStatesD.UnitedState4）Istudied____Englishin____England.A./,/B.an,theC.an,anD./,the12.某些詞組：beillinhospitalbeinthehospitalstayinbedinthebedinfrontofinthefrontofthenumberof…..anumberof….beinclassbeintheclassattableatthetable練習(xí)1）