高中英語Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations重點語法單元話題寫作（教師版）

高中英語【人教版2019】必修第三冊Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations重點語法+單元話題寫作【問題查找】單項選擇1.Theman___________nexttomeworksveryhard,goingoutearlyandreturninglateeveryday.A.lives B.living C.havinglived D.tolive2.Nearly3,500yearsago,peoplechewedonleaves___________aspecialchemicaltoreducebodypainsandfever.A.possessed B.topossess C.havingpossessed D.possessing3.Nowadays,manyyoungpeople___________selflessnessoftentalkagoodgamebuthaveahardtimeputtingtheirwordsintoaction.A.lacking B.lacked C.lackingof D.lackedin4.Duringherstayinprison,Leecalledandleftavoicemailmessage___________howmuchshelovedherdaughter.A.tostay B.saying C.wassaid D.said5.Weallthinkitwasa___________footballmatchbetweenGuoanandShenhuaandwewereall___________atit.A.disappointing;disappointing B.disappointed;disappointingC.disappointed;disappointed D.disappointing;disappointed6.Icouldseeawhale___________byapackofaboutsixotherkillersaswegotclose.A.attack B.beattacked C.beingattacked D.tobeattacked7.WhilewatchingTV,___________.A.someonecamein B.thetelephonerangC.wesawsomeoneingin D.someoneappearing8.Never___________faithinhimself,thescientistwentonwithit.A.losing B.tolost C.lost D.tobelost9.Surprisingly,thefirstimageofablackholelookedjustlikearedcircleonablackbackground,___________worldwidenetizenstohavealittlefunwithit.A.toinspire B.havinginspired C.inspiring D.inspired10.ThedeathofZhouYanghasraisedpublicconcern,___________thegovernmenttotakefurtherstepstohandletheproblemsofhealth﹣careproducts.A.tocause B.causing C.causes D.caused11.Onthisyear'sSingle'sday,theTmallSitesmashedthe10billion﹣yuanthresholdinjusttwominutesandfiveseconds,___________lastyear'srecordof3minutesandonesecond.A.tobreak B.breaking C.havingbroken D.beingbroken12.___________hisexpression,heisn'tleadingahappylifenow.A.Judgedfrom B.Judgingby C.Judged D.Tojudge13.___________incolor,thegardenlooksdullinthislatefall.A.Lack B.Lacking C.Lacked D.Tolack14.ChancescreatedbytheBeltandRoadInitiativebelongtotheworld,___________apromisingfuturesharedbymankind.A.ensured B.ensuring C.toensure D.havingensured15.___________whathadhappened,theyknewIwouldstruggleandsimplywantedtohelpbecauseitwastherightthingtodo.A.Hearing B.Tohaveheard C.Havingheard D.HeardKeys:15BDABD610CCACB1115BBBBC【要點精講】【重點語法】非謂語動詞之現(xiàn)在分詞一、概念：定義：現(xiàn)在分詞是非謂語動詞的形式之一，與句中主語為邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，與句中謂語動詞同時發(fā)生，或基本上同時發(fā)生。二、現(xiàn)在分詞的句法功能1.作定語1)表示主動的、進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)Thegirlwearingblueskirtismysister.=Thegirlwhoiswearingblueskirtismysister.2）說明被修飾詞的性質(zhì)和特征Thisisaninterestingstory.注：單個分詞作定語時放在所修飾的名詞前，分詞短語作定語時放在后，并且名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞之間存有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。2.作表語分詞作表語有兩種情況，一種是現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，一種是過去分詞作表語，究竟是用現(xiàn)在分詞還是用過去分詞作表語是學(xué)生們經(jīng)常困惑的地方。一般來說，表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞如excite，interest等都是及物動詞，漢語意思不是“激動”，“高興”，而是“使激動”、“使高興”，因而現(xiàn)在分詞應(yīng)該是“令人激動的”、“令人高興的”，過去分詞則是“感到激動的”和“感到高興的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是－ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用－ed形式。這類詞常見的有：interesting使人感到高興—interested感到高興的exciting令人激動的—excited感到激動的delighting令人高興的—delighted感到高興的disappointing令人失望的—disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的—encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的—pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人費解的—puzzled感到費解的satisfying令人滿意的—satisfied感到滿意的surprising令人驚異的—surprised感到驚異的worrying令人擔(dān)心的—worried感到擔(dān)心的如：Travelingisinterestingbuttiring.Thepupilswillgetconfusediftheylearntoomuchatatime.3.作補語，表示主動的、進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)，與賓語有邏輯上的“主謂”關(guān)系IsawMarygoingupstairsthen.只有兩類動詞可以加現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補:1）感官動詞：see；hear；watch；feel；notice；observe；find；listento；lookat2）使役動詞：have；get；make注意：要想用現(xiàn)在分詞來作賓補,只能是用于這些詞后,但是并不代表這些動詞后的賓補形式都要用現(xiàn)在分詞（有些后面可以加不帶to的不定式作賓補）。eg.IsawThomasplayingputergames.Don’thavethestudentsstudyingallday.4.作狀語：表示主動的、進(jìn)行的狀態(tài)，其邏輯主語是句中的主語。(如果不是，需在v.ing形式前加名詞或代詞作邏輯主語:Timepermitting,thefootballmatchwillbeplayedonFriday.)1)原因狀語：Nothavingbeeninvitedtotheparty,shehadtostayhome.2)時間狀語：Seeingtheirteachering,thestudentsstoppedtalking.如果現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動作與謂語表示的動作同時發(fā)生，常在現(xiàn)在分詞前加上when或while：Whilewaitingfortheplane,IhadalongtalkwithSimon.3)條件狀語：Workingharder,you'llbeNo.1inyourclass.4)讓步狀語：Weighingalmosttwohundredkilograms,thestonewasmovedbyhimalone.5)結(jié)果狀語：(表示自然而然的結(jié)果)Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.6)伴隨狀語：Heenteredtheclassroom,takingabookinhishand.7)方式狀語：Followingtheirteacher,thestudentsenteredtheroomquietly.注：有些慣用的分詞短語在句中可以沒有邏輯上的主語而獨立存在：generallyspeaking一般說來talkingof(speakingof)說到strictly/franklyspeaking嚴(yán)格地／坦白地說judgingfrom從……判斷allthingsconsidered從整體來看considering考慮到takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看來supposing假設(shè)generallyspeaking一般說來talkingof(speakingof)說到三、現(xiàn)在分詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)時態(tài)語態(tài)主動式被動式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone1.現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式:1)現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式通常表示其動作與謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生。如：Shesattherereadinganovel.2)現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式所表示的動作有時在謂語動詞的動作之前發(fā)生。如：Goingintotheroom，heshutthedoor.走進(jìn)房間，他就關(guān)上了門。2.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式:現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示其動作在謂語動詞的動作之前完成。Havingfinishedherhomework,thelittleboybegantowatchTV.做完作業(yè)后，這個小男孩開始看電視。3.現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式:現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式表示其邏輯主語為現(xiàn)在分詞動作的承受者。1)現(xiàn)在分詞的一般被動式。如：Thebuildingbeingbuiltisourlibrary.2)現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動式。如：Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestilldidnotknowhowtodoit.（人家）已經(jīng)告訴他多少次了，他還是不知道怎么做。【單元話題寫作】你最近經(jīng)歷的節(jié)日或慶?；顒訉懽髦笇?dǎo)本單元的寫作項目是描述一下你最近經(jīng)歷的節(jié)日或慶祝活動，這類題目要求首先要說出節(jié)日或慶祝活動的名稱和感受；其次交代為節(jié)日或慶祝活動做出的準(zhǔn)備；第三指出節(jié)日或慶?；顒拥膬?nèi)容(或有哪些具體的活動)，最后做出總結(jié)歸納。[基本框架]1.開頭(beginning)一交代2.主體(body)一介紹3.結(jié)尾(ending)一總結(jié)常用表達(dá)[常用詞匯]1.Festivalsandcelebrationsofallkinds各種節(jié)日和慶?；顒?.celebratetheendofcoldweather，plantinginspringandharvestinautumn慶祝寒冷天氣的結(jié)束，春天的種植和秋天的收獲3.tohonorthedeadortosatisfytheancestors為了紀(jì)念死者或讓祖先滿意4.inmemoryofthem為了紀(jì)念他們5.decoratechurchesandtownwithflowersandfruit用鮮花和水果裝飾教堂和城鎮(zhèn)6.admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes賞月和吃月餅7.forgetaboutourworkforalittlewhile暫時忘記工作的壓力[常用語句]★精彩開頭1.Lastyear，IspenttheMidAutumnFestivalwithmyhostfamily.去年我和寄宿家庭一起過了中秋節(jié)。2.IexperiencedtheDragonBoatFestivalinChinatohonourthefamousancientpoetQuYuanforthefirsttimelastmonth.上個月我首次體驗了中國的龍舟節(jié)，它是為了紀(jì)念著名的古代詩人屈原。3.ThiswasmyfirsttimeIexperiencedspentEasterinEnglandanditwasanenjoyableandexcitingexperienceforme.這是我第一次在英國過復(fù)活節(jié)。對我來說這是一次非常享受和令人興奮的經(jīng)歷。★正文佳句1.TheLunarNewyearisagreatoccasiontotheChinesepeople.Itlastsaboutthefirstsixdaysoftheyear,duringwhichpeopledonotworkexceptfortheworkersonduty.農(nóng)歷新年對中國人來說是一個很大的時刻，春節(jié)假期從年初起要持續(xù)六天，在此期間，除了值班人員之外人們不用工作。2.Ontheeveofthenewyear，eachfamilyhasitsmembersgatheredtogetherandeatsafamilyreuniondinner.在除夕，每個家庭都會把家人聚在一起，吃團(tuán)圓飯。3.ItisbelievedthatthemoonisatitsbrightestatthenightofMidAutumnFestival，whenpeoplecanadmirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.人們相信中秋節(jié)的晚上月亮是最亮的，在那時人們可以賞月吃月餅?！镉辔督Y(jié)尾1.WeholdthebeliefthatfestivalswillnotonlyhelpusunderstandChinesetraditionalculturemuchbetterbutalsoletusfeeltheuniquebeautyofthem.我們相信，節(jié)日不僅幫我們更好地理解中國傳統(tǒng)文化，而且讓我們感受它的獨特之美。2.Wecanlookbackonthepastandlookforwardtothefuturetogetheronfestivals.在過節(jié)時我們可以共同回首往事和瞻望未來。3.Festivalsletusenjoylife，beproudofourcustomsandforgetourworkforalittlewhile.節(jié)日讓我享受生活，讓我們?yōu)樽约旱牧?xí)俗而自豪，還可以暫時忘掉工作的煩惱。寫作訓(xùn)練假如你是來自美國的留學(xué)生Mike，去年你和寄宿家庭一起過了春節(jié)，請你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容，描述一下你的過節(jié)經(jīng)歷和感受。1.節(jié)前，打掃房間，貼春聯(lián)，掛燈籠；2.除夕一家人吃團(tuán)圓飯，看電視、放鞭炮；3.初一人們穿新衣、拜年、孩子們領(lǐng)紅包；4.表達(dá)作者的感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion:Lastyear,IspenttheSpringFestivalwithmyhostfamily.TheSpringFestivalfallsonthefirstdayofthefirstLunarmonth.Colorfullanternswerehungatthegateandcoupletswerepostedonthedoor.Ontheeveofthenewyear,peoplewentbacktohometownfromeverywherenomatterhowfarthedistancewasforthebigfamilyreuniondinner.AfterthemealwewatchTVuntiltheclockstrucktwelve.Thenwesetofflongstringofsmallfirecrackersandotherfireworkstowelethenewyear.Iwillvalueitforever.【查漏補缺】一、用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.ChinaandIndiaarebothlarge______________(develop)countries.2.Thishardworkingstudentfinallyworkedoutthe______________(puzzle)problem.3.Doyouknowtheboy______________(play)basketball?4.Theman______________(talk)tomymotherismyuncle.5.Thestranger______________(stand)infrontofmyhousecaughtmyattention.6.Herjobis______________(keep)thelecturehallascleanaspossible.7.Theproblemthatheraisedatthemeetingwasquite______________(surprise).8.Theman______________(wear)asadlooksaid,“I’velostmywallet.”9.Thehouse______________(build)fortheoldistobepletednextmonth.10.Oneofhisbadhabitsis______________(smoke)whilehavingdinner.Keys:1.developing2.puzzling.3.playing4.talking.5.standing6.keeping7.surprising8.wearing9.beingbuilt10.smoking二、用動詞ing形式完成句子1.____________________________________________________________________.我認(rèn)為她的笑話無趣。2.____________________________________________________________________.她的人生故事聽起來很感人。3.____________________________________________________________________.我的業(yè)余愛好是唱歌跳舞。4.____________________________________________________________________.我厭煩的事情就是等公交車很長時間。5.____________________________________________________________________.在閱覽室不允許大聲喧嘩。6.____________________________________________________________________.你應(yīng)該適應(yīng)這種快速變化的局勢。7.____________________________________________________________________.在公園里鍛煉的老人看起來精力充沛。8.____________________________________________________________________.現(xiàn)在正在設(shè)計的體育館將是我們城市里最大的體育館。9.____________________________________________________________________.聚集在校門口的那些男孩是我的同學(xué)。10.____________________________________________________________________.大型超市里的家具有各種顏色和形狀,從黑色到白色,從圓形到方形。Keys:1.Idon’tthinkherjokeisinteresting.2.Herlifestorysoundsmoving.3.Myhobbiesaresinginganddancing.4.WhatIamtiredofiswaitingforabusforalongtime.5.Nooneisallowedtospeakloudlyinthereadingroom.6.Youshouldadapttotherapidlychangingsituation.7.Theoldmanexercisingintheparklooksenergetic.8.Thestadiumbeingdesignednowwillbethelargestinourcity.9.Theboysgatheringattheschoolgatearemyclassmates.10.Thefurnitureinalargeshoppingcenteresinavarietyofcolorsandshapes,rangingfromblacktowhiteandfromroundtosquare.三、語法應(yīng)用用動詞ing形式作定語和表語的句子簡要介紹你母親的工作。1.媽媽的工作是在超市里賣水果。(動詞ing形式作表語)2.這些水果種類繁多,從常見的蘋果、梨到進(jìn)口的(imported)水果。(動詞ing形式作定語)3.媽媽經(jīng)常給我們帶來一些賣得好的水果讓我們品嘗。(動詞ing形式作定語)4.雖然一些人認(rèn)為我母親的工作是無聊的,但我認(rèn)為她的工作是有意義的。(動詞ing形式作表語)Mymother’sjobis________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Keys:Mymother’sjobissellingfruitinasupermarket.Thereareallkindsoffruits,rangingfrommonapplesandpearstoimportedfruit.Sheoftenbringsussomefruitsellingwelltoletustasteit.Thoughsomepeoplethinkmymother’sjobisboring,Ithinkitismeaningful.【梳理優(yōu)化】時態(tài)語態(tài)主動式被動式一般式完成式【強(qiáng)化鞏固】語法填空ItiswellknownthattheChinesehavegreatrespectfortheirelders,andhereisanoccasiontoshowit—theChongyangFestival.Itfalls1._______________theninthdayoftheninthlunarmonth.InChinese,nine2._______________(regard)asthenumberof“yang”.Theninthdayoftheninthmonthisthedaythathastwo“yang”numbers,and“chong”inChinesemeansdouble,whichis3._______________thename“Chongyang”cameintobeing.ThefestivalcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriod.However,itwasnot4._______________(formal)setasafestivaluntiltheTangDynasty.In1989,theChinesegovernment5._______________(declare)theninthdayoftheninthlunarmonthtobeSeniors’Day—adaytorespect6._______________elderlyandtoletthemenjoy7._______________(they).Traditionally,peopleclimbmountains,drinkchrysanthemum（菊花）wine,andeatdoubleninthcakes.SincecakeinChineseispronounced“gao”meaning“high”,peopleconsiderclimbingahighmountaintobethesameaseatingcakeinthehopeof8._______________(promote)tohighpositions.Andpeopleoftenthinkthatchrysanthemumwinecangetridofallkindsofdiseasesand9._______________(disaster).Todaymanyactivitiesareheld10._______________(show)respectfortheseniorslikeorganizingatripforthem,sendingthemgiftsandmoreonthedayofthefestival.Keys:1.on本題考查介詞。表示具體的某一天，用介詞on。故填on.2.isregarded本題考查被動語態(tài)。此處主語nine和regard之間是被動關(guān)系，結(jié)合句意，可知句子用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，be動詞應(yīng)用is。故填isregarded.3.how本題考查表語從句。句意：第九個月的第九天有兩個“yang”數(shù)字，且“chong”在漢語里意思是雙倍，這就是“chongyang”這個名字是如何產(chǎn)生的。結(jié)合句意，可知此處是how引導(dǎo)的表語從句，故填how.4.formally本題考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)化。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處是副詞修飾動詞set，formal形容詞，正式的，副詞formally。故答案為formally.5.declared本題考查謂語動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語1989可知，句子謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般過去時，declare動詞，宣告，過去式declared.故填declared.6.the本題考查冠詞。固定搭配：theelderly“老年人，長者”，故填the.7.themselves本題考查反身代詞。固定搭配：enjoyoneself“玩得開心，過得愉快”。根據(jù)空前them可知，此空應(yīng)用themselves。故填themselves.8.beingpromoted本題考查非謂語動詞。介詞of后面用動名詞，且句子主語people和promote之間是被動關(guān)系，所以這里用動名詞一般式的被動式作賓語，故填beingpromoted.9.disasters本題考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。allkindsof各種各樣的，后面跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，故填disasters.10.toshow本題考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處是動詞不定式作目的狀語，此空應(yīng)用toshow。故填toshow.【課后練習(xí)】應(yīng)用文寫作假如你是李華.你的美國筆友即將隨其父母來中國，并中國度過中秋節(jié).他來信向你詢問有關(guān)中秋節(jié)的習(xí)俗，請你告訴他有關(guān)中秋節(jié)的習(xí)俗。要點如下：1、歷史悠久；2、中國人獨有的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日；3、家庭團(tuán)圓.4、共進(jìn)晚餐；5、吃月餅；6、賞月.注意事項：1、詞數(shù)80左右.2、可適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié).3、開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù).DearMike,IamgladtoknowthatyouareingtoChinawithyourparentsandspendtheMidAutumnDayhere.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________