DB63T 2242-2024“黑土型”退化草地分類分級(jí)衛(wèi)星影像識(shí)別技術(shù)指南

DB63 請(qǐng)注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本院、中國科學(xué)院西北高原生物研究所、青海大"黑土型"退化草地分類分級(jí)衛(wèi)星影像識(shí)別技術(shù)指南GB/T41280衛(wèi)星遙感影像植被覆蓋DB63/T674“黑土型”退化草地等級(jí)劃分及綜合治理技術(shù)規(guī)程以嵩草屬植物為建群種的高寒草甸草場嚴(yán)重退化后形成一系列利用遙感影像不同譜段數(shù)據(jù)的線性或非線性組合而形成的能反映綠色植物的生長狀況和分單位面積內(nèi)植被冠層(包括葉、莖、枝)垂直投影注：無量綱，取值范圍0～1。4技術(shù)流程“黑土型”退化草地分類分級(jí)識(shí)別技術(shù)流程見圖1。數(shù)據(jù)"黑土型"退化草地分級(jí)結(jié)果"黑土型"退化草地分類結(jié)果數(shù)據(jù)"黑土型"退化草地分級(jí)結(jié)果"黑土型"退化草地分類結(jié)果預(yù)處理后的衛(wèi)星基于像元的特征空間創(chuàng)建衛(wèi)星影像圖像分割"黑土型"退化草地范圍提取"黑土型"退化草地對(duì)象"黑土型"退化草"黑土型"退化草地分類分級(jí)結(jié)果測(cè)度熵5.1數(shù)據(jù)源及預(yù)處理5.1.1數(shù)據(jù)源選擇空間分辨率優(yōu)于10m的衛(wèi)星影像數(shù)據(jù)，時(shí)相選擇草地進(jìn)入黃枯5.2特征數(shù)據(jù)創(chuàng)建植被指數(shù)、紋理特征，標(biāo)記“黑土型”退化草地對(duì)象，提取“黑土型”退化草tg(P)=√2+2························································P——坡度；——表示x方向的偏導(dǎo)數(shù)；——表示y方向的偏導(dǎo)數(shù)。注：z為與衛(wèi)星影像空間分辨率匹配的數(shù)字高程模型數(shù)據(jù)。P=·································································(2)P——“黑土型”退化草地對(duì)象的坡度；Pi——“黑土型”退化草地對(duì)象內(nèi)像元的坡度。土型”退化草地對(duì)象的植被覆蓋度和紋理統(tǒng)計(jì)測(cè)度熵按公式（3）分F=·································································(3)F——“黑土型”退化草地對(duì)象的植被覆蓋度或紋理統(tǒng)計(jì)測(cè)度熵；Fi——“黑土型”退化草地對(duì)象內(nèi)像元的植被覆蓋度或紋理統(tǒng)計(jì)測(cè)度熵?！昂谕列汀蓖嘶莸貙?duì)象植被覆蓋度從高到低分為5級(jí)，各級(jí)閾值按照公式（4）~（7）計(jì)算。 vc2=·······················································(5)vc3=·······················································(6)vc4=μ3·································································(7)μ1、μ3、μ3——分別為輕度、中度、重度“黑土型”退化草地典型樣本對(duì)象植被覆蓋度σ1、σ2、σ3——分別為輕度、中度、重度“黑土型”退化草地典型樣本對(duì)象植被覆蓋度“黑土型”退化草地對(duì)象植被覆蓋度重疊區(qū)域熵分為2級(jí)，劃分閾值按照公式（8）~（9）計(jì)算。ent1=····················································(8)ent2=····················································(9)按照表1中“黑土型”退化草地類型分級(jí)指標(biāo)，對(duì)“黑土型”退化草地對(duì)象“黑土型”退化草地等級(jí)“黑土型”退化草地等級(jí)vc>vc1或vc2＜vc≤vc1,ENT<ent1vc2＜vc≤vc1,ENT≥ent1或vc3＜vc≤vc2或vc4＜vc≤vc3,ENT<ent2vc4＜vc≤vc3,ENT≥ent2或vc≤vc4注：vc為“黑土型”退化草地對(duì)象的植被覆蓋度，ENT為“黑土型”退化草地對(duì)象紋理統(tǒng)計(jì)增強(qiáng)型植被指數(shù)（EVI）計(jì)算方法見式（A.1）:EVI——增強(qiáng)型植被指數(shù)；BNIR——衛(wèi)星近紅外波段反射率；BR——衛(wèi)星紅光波段反射率；BB——衛(wèi)星藍(lán)光波段反射率。表B.1給出了灰度共生矩陣（GLCM）計(jì)算的參3×310°、45°、90°、135°表B.2給出了灰度共生矩陣紋理統(tǒng)計(jì)測(cè)度和f(i,j)×if(i,j)×(i?μi)2熵?f(i,j)×log[f(i,j)][f(i,j)]2的(i?j)2×f(i,j)|i?j|×f(i,j)∑∑(i?μi)×(j?μj)×f(i,j)注：f(i.j)為GLCM中（i,j）處的頻率，i,j為灰度等級(jí)，μ為灰度平均值，σ2為灰度方差，n為滑動(dòng)窗口大小?=wcolor?color+(1?wcolor)?s?ape···················································································(C.1)?color=wi(nmergeσ?(nobj1σ1+nobj2σ2)?wcolor?color?s?apecnmergenobj1σ1nobj2σ2wcompact?compact?smoot?lmergelobj1lobj2bmergebobj1bobj2?s?ape=wcompact?compact+(1?wcompact)hsmooth?compact=nmergee?(nobj11?nobj22)?smoot?=nmerge?(nobj1?nobj2)——異質(zhì)性——顏色異質(zhì)性權(quán)重，參考值為0.7~0——顏色異質(zhì)性——形狀異質(zhì)性——合并后對(duì)象像元個(gè)數(shù)——合并后對(duì)象在圖層c中的顏色標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差——待合并的相鄰對(duì)象1的像元個(gè)數(shù)——待合并的相鄰對(duì)象1在圖層c中的顏色標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差——待合并的相鄰對(duì)象2的像元個(gè)數(shù)——待合并的相鄰對(duì)象2在圖層c中的顏色標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差——緊致度異質(zhì)性權(quán)重，參考值為0.5~0.8——緊致度異質(zhì)性——光滑度異質(zhì)性——合并后對(duì)象的邊長——待合并的相鄰對(duì)象1的邊長——待合并的相鄰對(duì)象2的邊長——合并后對(duì)象最小外接正方形的邊長——待合并的相鄰對(duì)象1最小外接正方形的邊長——待合并的相鄰對(duì)象2最小外接正方形的邊長表D.1給出了“黑土型”退化草地遙感解“黑土型”退化草地區(qū)[2]DB63/T603-2006“黑[4]黃葆寧,李希來.高寒草甸退化草地—“黑土灘”植物量測(cè)定[J].青海畜牧獸醫(yī)雜[5]李希來,黃葆寧.青海黑土灘草地成因及治理途徑[[9]劉曉玲.三江源自然保護(hù)區(qū)“黑土灘”退化草地調(diào)查[J].青海師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)兼論三江源生態(tài)恢復(fù)問題[J].草地學(xué)報(bào),201級(jí)及治理模式[J