高考完形填空解題技巧

高考英語復(fù)習(xí)專題完形填空

完型填空之能力訓(xùn)練目標(biāo)：詞語辨析能力語法結(jié)構(gòu)分析能力語篇理解能力邏輯推理能力文化背景透析能力作者意圖剖析能力生活常識綜合運用能力近幾年廣東完型填空特點:題材常為說明文或夾敘夾議的文章.內(nèi)容完整,邏輯性強,語言結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn).考察近義詞語細(xì)微差異的辨析.考察重點多為實詞:名/代/動詞/形容/副詞等.關(guān)注語境背景知識,側(cè)重上下關(guān)聯(lián),暗示判斷能力.側(cè)重于篇章,表達語用判斷和內(nèi)在邏輯.完型填空設(shè)題特點:年度2007年2008年體裁說明文記敘文題材該文通過前沿科學(xué)的幻想，介紹了一種未來可以代替密碼的面部識別技術(shù)。本文講述了并非所有英國神話故事中的仙女都是善良的，有的也很殘酷，常給人們帶來痛苦?？傇~數(shù)153206名詞5個2個動詞2個4個形容詞2個4個副詞1個0個

TalesofthesupernaturalarecommoninallpartsofBritain.Inparticular,therewas(andperhapsstillis)abeliefinfairies(仙女).Notallofthese21arethefriendly,people-lovingcharactersthatappearinDisneyfilms,andinsomefolktalestheyare22andcausemuchhumansuffering.ThisistrueinthetalesabouttheChangeling.Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23andpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmost24totheparents.Itwasthen25thatthefairieshadcomeandstolenthebabyawayand26thehumanbabywithafairyChangeling.Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening:hangingaknifeoverthebaby’sheadwhilehesleptorcoveringhimwithsomeofhisfather’sclotheswerejusttwooftherecommended27.However,hopewasnotlostevenifthebabyhadbeen28.Inthosecasestherewasoftenawaytogetthe29babyback.Youcould30

theChangelingonthefire--thenitwouldriseupthechimney,andyouwouldhearthesoundoffairies’laughterandsoonafteryouwouldfindyourownchildsafeandsoundnearby.解題方法：總的原那么：“先完意，后完形”。八字方針：上下求索，瞻前顧后。三步曲：讀——填——讀完形填空之三步答題

Step1

Skip(跳讀)thepassagetoget

thegeneralidea

andpayattentionto

thefirstsentence.Intheclozetest,thereisnoblankinthefirstsentence(首句).Ithelpsustoknowthetopicofthewholepassage.(完形填空首句不挖空，幫助進入語境〕Step2Rereadandchoosethebestanswerforeachblankbyusingsomemethods.在把握語篇大意的根底上，借助于一些恰當(dāng)?shù)姆椒ㄟx擇最正確答案。Discuss:Whatareyourmethodsofdoingclozetests?Fourmethods(四種常用的方法)：1、context上下文語境2、worddistinctionsorcollocations詞語辨析和固定搭配3、informationgiveninthepassage利用文章中的信息〔原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞和反義詞等〕4、culturalbackgroundandcommonsense文化背景和常識Step3Readthepassageagainandchecktheanswers.〔將所選定的詞放到文章中復(fù)讀檢查〕

Tips:1、thetenseandthevoice，theaccordbetweensubjectandpredicate〔時態(tài)語態(tài)，主謂語在上下文的中是否一致〕2、grammarandcollocations〔語法和習(xí)慣用法的搭配在上下文中是否邏輯上一致〕3、theconnectionbetweensentencesandparagraphs(段與段，句與句之間的銜接是否連貫)4、themeaningofthewholepassage〔整體上檢查結(jié)構(gòu)、語義及邏輯是否一致，上下文的銜接是否合理〕完形填空之九大解題技巧利用首句來解題Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwas

36

andwhenIwas14hesaid,“You’renevergoingtobe37(anything)

butafailure.”

A.bright

B.useless

C.simple

D.hopeful2.根據(jù)上下文語境，合理推斷來解題Eg:Ourfatherwasastruggling36(lawyer),butIalwaysknewhewas

37

.Henevercriticizedus,butusedto38tobringoutourbest.

(2005年山東)

37.

A.strict

B.honest

C.special

D.learned38.A.help B.peace C.smile D.praisePracticeHisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughhisfamilyoften43aboutthat,Edrefusedtobuya44T-shirtortoloseweight.〔2003年全國〕43.A.cared B.forgotC.quarreled D.joked44.A.clean B.straightC.larger D.darker3.利用語篇標(biāo)志解題常見的標(biāo)志性的詞語有以下幾種;結(jié)構(gòu)層次:firstly,secondly,thirdly；邏輯關(guān)系：thus,therefore,so；遞進關(guān)系：besides,what’smore,further;轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but,while,however等。

Shetoldthefront-deskclerkshehadhada(n)___vacation,butwasheart-brokenaboutlosingseveralrollsofKodakcolorfilmshehadnotyetdeveloped.A.disappointing B.wonderfulC.uncomfortable D.important___4.根據(jù)邏輯推理解題Eg:…andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange___quitepleasanttaste.

A.besides B.but C.and D.or

Studentsgenerallyappreciatethesespecial50opportunities.Theyarealmostalwaysfunandinteresting,andprofessors51themtoobecausestudentslearnsomuchinjustafewshortmonths.50.A.workingB.livingC.teachingD.learning51.A.holdB.likeC.dislikeD.discover5.根據(jù)常識和文化背景的角度來選擇Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.36(Owning)springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe37areaslikethedesert.

A．dry

B．distant

C．deserted

D．wild6.從語法角度來解題Eg:Iwentintoacaféandaskedforacoffee.

21

Iwaswaitingformydrink,Irealizedthattherewereotherpeopleintheplace,butIsensed

22(loneliness).A．Before

B．Since

C．Although

D．While7.從詞匯辨異和固定搭配方面來解題1)Hewasonlyfourteenandwasnotgoodatswimming__1_.Soheshouldn’thavegoneintothatplace.

1.A.afterallB.inallC.atallD.forall2)SoItriedhardwithmywritingandwenttocollege.Myfirstnovel45whileIwasatcollege.

45.A.cameonB.cameinC.cameoutD.cameback8.利用詞匯的復(fù)現(xiàn)解題例1：Thestrangethingwasthatpracticallyallthestudentswenttoclass,andveryfewpeoplestayeduplateatnight.Onlythenewpeoplestayedupor___class.(NMET2000〕A.attendedB.tookC.missedD.studied文章中or連接的是并列成分，所以空格中的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與上文wenttoclass構(gòu)成相反的意義，該題屬于反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象。例2：Howdoesatoothgobad?The51beginsinalittlecrackintheenamel(琺瑯〕coveringofthetooth.Thishappensaftergermsandbitsoffoodhavecollectedthere.Thenthedecayslowlyspreadsinsidethetooth.Intheend,poisongoesintoblood,andwemayfeelquiteill.(2002,上海春季招生〕51.A.destructionB.decayC.faultD.hurt上文中講蛀牙如何產(chǎn)生。空51和紅體單詞在意義上是一致的，屬于同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)象。9.利用語氣副詞的情景解題①….Iraisedthepistolandfired.Theanimalfellbackwardswithanangrycry.Fathertookthe_______smokingpistolfrommyhand,andfiredanothershot,whichkilledthegorilla.A.stillB.yetC.evenD.already完形填空之實戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練Consolidationexercise

Wouldn'titbegreatifwedidn'thavetorememberpasswords(密碼)everagain？Ifwecouldjustsitinfrontofourcomputersandbe

21

loggedin(登錄)?CravementionshowNECSoftBiodeLogonsystemusesfacerecognitiontechnologytologyouontoWindows,ratherthanusinga

22

.Allyouneedisawebcamandyourprettyfaceto

23yourPC.Nomore24

,confusingpasswordstorememberorchangeeveryfewmonths.21.A.automatically B.personally

C.correctly

D.occasionally

22.A.face

B.password

C.software

D.system

23.A.access

B.connect

C.recognize

D.remember

24.A.simple

B.complicated

C.special

D.useful

Afterdoingalittleresearch,I