新教材高中英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性學(xué)案UNIT1SectionⅢUsingLanguage

SectionⅢUsingLanguageⅠ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．foundvt.創(chuàng)建；建立；把……建立在→foundern．創(chuàng)建者，創(chuàng)立者→foundationn．地基；基礎(chǔ)；基本原理；根據(jù)2．infervt.推斷；推定3．politiciann．從政者；政治家；政客→politicsn．政治→politicaladj.政治的4．numerousadj.眾多的；許多的5．theoryn．理論；學(xué)說(shuō)6．relativityn．相對(duì)論；相對(duì)性7．geniusn．天才；天資8．gentleadj.溫柔的；文靜的→gentlyadv.溫柔地；文靜地9．patentn．專(zhuān)利；專(zhuān)利證書(shū)；獲得專(zhuān)利adj.有專(zhuān)利的；受專(zhuān)利保護(hù)的10．passionn．酷愛(ài)；激情11．doctoraten．博士學(xué)位12．extraordinaryadj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的13．graduallyadv.逐漸地；逐步地→gradualadj.逐漸的；逐步的14．photoelectricadj.光電的15．institutionn．社會(huì)公共機(jī)構(gòu)；制度；習(xí)俗→instituten．(教育、專(zhuān)業(yè)等)機(jī)構(gòu)；機(jī)構(gòu)建筑16．consequencen．結(jié)果；后果→consequentadj.作為結(jié)果的→consequentlyadv.所以；因此17．moustachen．上唇的胡子；髭18．peculiarityn．個(gè)性；特點(diǎn)；怪異的性質(zhì)19．encountervt.偶然碰到；遇到n．邂逅；遭遇20．professorn．教授→professionn．職業(yè)21．mournvt.&v22．remarkableadj.非凡的；顯著的→remarkvt.評(píng)論23．devicen．方法；技巧；裝置；儀器24．sumvi.總結(jié)；概括n．金額；款項(xiàng)；總數(shù)；總和25．draftn．草稿；草案vt.起草；草擬26．Switzerlandn．瑞士(國(guó)家名)→Swissadj.瑞士的→Swissn．瑞士人→Swissn．(pl.)瑞士人27．Jewishadj.猶太人的；猶太教的Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1．onthetipofone'stongue話在嘴邊，差一點(diǎn)兒就說(shuō)出口2．getit懂了，明白了3．serveas充當(dāng)，擔(dān)任4．makegreatcontributionsto對(duì)……做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)5．manageto_do設(shè)法做成6．patentoffice專(zhuān)利局7．etopower(開(kāi)始)掌權(quán)；上臺(tái)8．a(chǎn)saconsequence因此，作為結(jié)果9．takeupaposition擔(dān)任；任職10．a(chǎn)sthough/if好像11．knockon敲門(mén)12．bemistakenfor被誤認(rèn)為13．passaway去世14．sumup總結(jié)；概括15．a(chǎn)partfrom除……之外16．NobelPrize諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)17．toone'ssurprise令人吃驚的18．putforward提出19．inparticular尤其，特別Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句型1．WhydoesDrWangsay“money_isn't_everything”？為什么王博士說(shuō)“金錢(qián)不是萬(wàn)能的”？2．Hemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld,the_most_well-known_beingthegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE＝mc2.他對(duì)世界做出了很多貢獻(xiàn)，最出名的貢獻(xiàn)是相對(duì)論理論和著名的公式E＝mc2。3．While_working_there，outofastrongpassionforknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,earning_a_doctorate_inphysicsin1905.在那里工作時(shí)，出于對(duì)知識(shí)的強(qiáng)烈熱情，他繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，1905年獲得物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。4．Einstein,whowasJewish,foundthedoorsofacademicinstitutionsclosedtohim.愛(ài)因斯坦是猶太人，他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)的大門(mén)對(duì)他關(guān)閉了。5．On18April1955,it_was_reported_thatEinsteinhadpassedaway,andthewholeworldmournedthegreatlossofabrilliantscientist.1955年4月18日，據(jù)報(bào)道愛(ài)因斯坦去世了，全世界都為一位杰出的科學(xué)家的逝世而哀悼。1eq\a\vs4\al(foundvt.創(chuàng)建；建立；把……建立在)[典型例句]ThetownwasfoundedbyEnglishsettlersin1790.這座城鎮(zhèn)是英格蘭移民于1790年建的。Histheoryisfoundedonfacts.他的理論是建立在事實(shí)基礎(chǔ)之上的。[易混辨析]found，find動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去式過(guò)去分詞釋義變化規(guī)律foundfoundedfounded建立規(guī)則動(dòng)詞findfoundfound發(fā)現(xiàn)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞[思維拓展]befoundedon/uponsth.(＝bebasedon)建立在某基礎(chǔ)之上；建在某物之上foundern.[C]創(chuàng)立者；奠基者foundationn.[C，U]基礎(chǔ)；建立[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Theirmarriagewas_founded(found)onloveandmutualrespect.2eq\a\vs4\al(theoryn.理論；學(xué)說(shuō))[典型例句]Onetheoryaboutthemoonisthatitisapiecebrokenofffromtheearth.有一種關(guān)于月球的學(xué)說(shuō)認(rèn)為它是地球分離出的一部分。Thistheoryshouldbeprovedbeforeitisused.在運(yùn)用這個(gè)理論前要對(duì)它進(jìn)行證明。[思維拓展]intheory([反]inpractice)理論上Yourplanisgoodintheory,butdoesitworkinpractice?你的計(jì)劃在理論上不錯(cuò)，但實(shí)施起來(lái)行嗎？[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Weshouldbinetheory(理論)withpractice.3eq\a\vs4\al(gentleadj.溫柔的；文靜的)[典型例句]Ilikehergentlevoice.我喜歡她溫和的聲音。Heeatsinagentleway.他吃飯的樣子很文雅。[易混辨析]gentle,softgentle側(cè)重指人或其他方面“體貼的；溫和的”，含有安慰、愛(ài)撫等意思。soft側(cè)重指人說(shuō)話聲音低或說(shuō)話怕被人聽(tīng)見(jiàn)，意思是“輕聲的”，指物時(shí)，表示“柔軟的”。Arthurwasaverygentle,caringperson.亞瑟是一個(gè)非常溫柔體貼的人。Thesoftmusicsoundsverypleasingtotheear.那輕柔的音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)十分悅耳。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Shesmiledgently(gentle)athim.她溫柔地朝他微笑。4eq\a\vs4\al(graduallyadv.逐漸地；逐步地)[典型例句]Gradually，thechildrenbegantounderstandit.孩子們漸漸開(kāi)始明白這件事了。Theygraduallyimprovedtheirwork.他們逐漸地改善了工作。[思維拓展]gradualadj.逐漸的；逐步的Recoveryfromthediseaseisverygradual.這種病的康復(fù)過(guò)程很緩慢。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Electricitylinesto30,000homesweregradually(gradual)beingrestoredyesterday.5eq\a\vs4\al(consequencen.結(jié)果；后果)[典型例句]I'mquitewillingtotaketheconsequencesofmyactions.我很愿意承擔(dān)自己行動(dòng)的后果。Hestudiedhard，andinconsequencehepassedtheexam.他努力學(xué)習(xí)，因此通過(guò)了考試。[思維拓展]eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(inconsequence,asaconsequence))因此，結(jié)果(＝asaresult)asa/inconsequenceof＝asaresultof由于……taketheconsequencesof...承擔(dān)……的后果beofno/greatconsequence無(wú)關(guān)緊要/非常重要consequentadj.作為結(jié)果的；隨之發(fā)生的consequentlyadv.結(jié)果；因此[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Heslippedandhadhislegbroken.Asaconsequence，hewillhavetobeawayfromschoolfortwoorthreemonths.6eq\a\vs4\al(remarkableadj.非凡的；顯著的)[典型例句]Thatisindeedaremarkablething.那真是了不起的事情。[思維拓展]aremarkableachievement/career/talent非凡的成就/事業(yè)/才能remarkn．談?wù)摚谎哉?；評(píng)述vt.&vi.談?wù)摚辉u(píng)論；說(shuō)起makearemark/remarkson/about就……發(fā)表意見(jiàn)；對(duì)……評(píng)頭品足makenoremark什么也不說(shuō)；不加評(píng)論remarkthat...評(píng)論remarkon/upon談?wù)?評(píng)論……remarkablyadv.非常；極為；格外；出乎意料地Hemadeanumberofruderemarksaboutthefoodhere.關(guān)于這里的食物他做了許多無(wú)禮的評(píng)論。Alocalnewspaperremarkedthatcaraccidentswereonthedecreaseduetotheforcefullaw.一家地方報(bào)紙?jiān)u論說(shuō)由于強(qiáng)有力的法律措施，車(chē)禍在減少。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]①Sincethen,wehavemaderemarkable(remark)progress.②Sheisaremarkably(remarkable)determinedpolitician.③Wepassedafewremarks(remark)abouttheweather.考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)一1．Thebusiness,founded(found)byMike,sufferedfinancialsetbacks.2．Afterawhile,thesicknessgradually(gradual)passedandshestruggledtothemirror.3.Heisreadytotaketheconsequences(consequence)ofhisbehaviour.4．Chinahasmaderemarkable(remark)progressinthepast30years.5．Hepattedmegently(gentle)ontheshoulder.1eq\a\vs4\al(serveas充當(dāng)，擔(dān)任)[典型例句]Thegeneralhadservedasasoldierintheearlierwar.在早期的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中，這位將軍曾當(dāng)過(guò)士兵。Thesofawillserveasabedforanightortwo.沙發(fā)可以當(dāng)床湊合一兩夜。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Letthesewordsofmineserveasawarningtoyou.2eq\a\vs4\al(managetodo設(shè)法做成)[典型例句]Doyoubelieveyoucanmanagetofinishtheworkinanhour?你認(rèn)為你能在一小時(shí)內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作嗎？Thoughwelefthomeverylate,wemanagedtocatchthelastbus.盡管我們出門(mén)很晚，但我們趕上了末班車(chē)。[思維拓展]manageit表示“完成；能對(duì)付得了；能應(yīng)付”，常用在交際用語(yǔ)中?！狢anIhelpyou,Madame?——女士，需要幫忙嗎？—Oh,thanks,butIcanmanageitmyself.——噢，謝謝。我自己能行。[易混辨析]managetodosth.,trytodosth.(1)managetodosth.表示“成功地做了某事”，重在結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于succeedindoingsth.。Wemanagedtogetthereontime.我們?cè)O(shè)法按時(shí)到達(dá)了那里。(結(jié)果是按時(shí)到達(dá)了)(2)trytodosth.表示“盡力做某事，設(shè)法做某事”，重在動(dòng)作，但并不一定成功，相當(dāng)于attempttodosth.。Wetriedtogetthereontime.我們盡力按時(shí)趕到那里。(不知是否成功)[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Despiteallthetroubles,shemanagedto_get(get)thechickenintothestove.3eq\a\vs4\al(etopower當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái))[典型例句]Whenhecametopower,hebrokehispromiseofreducingtax.他當(dāng)權(quán)后就不再遵守減少稅收的諾言了。[思維拓展]beinpower當(dāng)權(quán)；執(zhí)政[易混辨析]etopower,beinpoweretopower為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，不與時(shí)間段連用；beinpower為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，可與時(shí)間段連用。DeGaullecametopowerin1958.戴高樂(lè)于1958年開(kāi)始執(zhí)政。Theyoungkinghadbeeninpowerforsevenyears.那位年輕的國(guó)王已經(jīng)掌權(quán)七年了。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Whenthegovernmenthadetopower,hehadbeennamedministerofculture.4eq\a\vs4\al(takeup開(kāi)始從事；占用；花去)[典型例句]Whendidhetakeupfootball?他是什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始踢足球的？Theworktookupallhistime.那工作花費(fèi)了他所有的時(shí)間。[思維拓展]takeback收回；取回takedown寫(xiě)下，記下；拆散takein吸收；領(lǐng)會(huì)；欺騙takeoff脫下；起飛takeon雇用；呈現(xiàn)；承擔(dān)takeover接管，接任[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Aftergraduatingfromauniversity,LiYantookupherjobasateacherinthecountryside.5eq\a\vs4\al(bemistakenfor被錯(cuò)認(rèn)為……)[典型例句]Buttolerancecanbemistakenforkindness.但容忍會(huì)被錯(cuò)認(rèn)為仁慈。[思維拓展]mistakenadj.(見(jiàn)解或判斷上)錯(cuò)誤的；不正確的bemistakenabout對(duì)……持錯(cuò)誤的見(jiàn)解mistakesb./sth.誤解/誤會(huì)某人/某事mistaken．錯(cuò)誤makeamistake犯錯(cuò)誤bymistake錯(cuò)誤地IfI'mnotmistaken,that'sthemanwesawonthebus.要是我沒(méi)認(rèn)錯(cuò)人的話，我們?cè)诠财?chē)上看見(jiàn)的就是那個(gè)男子。Heismistakenabouthappiness.他對(duì)幸福持有錯(cuò)誤的見(jiàn)解。Thistimewefindthatthebeesmistakeredfordarkgrayorblack.這次我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，蜜蜂錯(cuò)把紅色當(dāng)成深灰色或黑色。Ihopeyouwillforgivemeforopeningyourletterbymistake.我誤拆了您的信，期望您原諒。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]MyvoicehasgotsolownowthatIwasmistakenforamantheotherdayonthephone.6eq\a\vs4\al(sumup總結(jié)；概括；判斷；估量)[典型例句]Tosumup,therearethreemainwaysofdealingwiththeproblem.概括起來(lái)說(shuō)，這一問(wèn)題主要有三種解決辦法。CanIjustsumupwhatwe'veagreedsofar?我能否就我們目前已經(jīng)達(dá)成的共識(shí)作個(gè)概括？Shequicklysummedupthesituationandtookcontrol.她很快就看出是怎么回事，并控制住了局面。[思維拓展]sumn．金額；總和；全部insum總而言之summaryn．總結(jié)；概要summarizevt.總結(jié)；概括；概述[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Letmesumupthelastlesson.Afterthatwe'lltakeupanewlesson.7eq\a\vs4\al(apartfrom除……之外還有)[典型例句]ApartfromtheirhouseinLondon,theyalsohaveavillainSpain.他們?cè)趥惗赜幸蛔孔?，此外，在西班牙還有一座別墅。Ihavefinishedallapartfromthelastquestion.除了最后一道題，我都做完了。[易混辨析]apartfrom,besides/inadditionto,except,exceptfor,exceptthatapartfrom相當(dāng)于besides和inadditionto。它還可表示“除了……以外”，用于所言不包括的人或事物前，相當(dāng)于except?！鬮esides/inadditionto除了……以外(還有)。除去的部分包含在整體之內(nèi)◆except除了……以外。除去的部分不在整體之內(nèi)◆exceptfor除了……以外。從細(xì)節(jié)方面對(duì)整體進(jìn)行修正，除去的部分與整體一般不是同一類(lèi)事物◆exceptthat除了……以外(都)。that引導(dǎo)從句，有時(shí)可省略[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Apartfromthat,Ialsohaveapassionfortheatreandthearts.8eq\a\vs4\al(toone'ssurprise使某人驚訝的是)[典型例句]Tomysurprise,hecameontime.使我驚訝的是，他按時(shí)來(lái)了。Muchtomysurprise,theyofferedmethejob.使我非常驚奇的是，他們把那份工作給了我。[思維拓展]muchtoone'ssurprise令某人十分驚訝toone'sdelight/joy使某人高興的是toone'sdisappointment使某人失望的是toone'sastonishment使某人驚訝的是[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Tomysurprise,thisplansucceeded!9eq\a\vs4\al(putforward提出；撥快；將……提前；推薦)[典型例句]Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?誰(shuí)提出了黑洞理論？[思維拓展]putupwith忍受，容忍putaside擱置；不理睬；儲(chǔ)蓄putaway把……收起來(lái)；儲(chǔ)蓄putoff推遲，延期putthrough使經(jīng)受；接通()putout熄滅；出版；生產(chǎn)putback將……放回原處；推遲puttogether放在一起putup舉起；張貼；建造；為……提供住宿；推薦；提出[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]ItwasIwhoputforwardthetheoryfirst.10eq\a\vs4\al(inparticular尤其，特別)[典型例句]Inoticedhiseyesinparticular，becausetheywereverybig.我特別注意到他的眼睛，因?yàn)槟请p眼睛很大。Itwasagoodconcert.Ienjoyedthelastsonginparticular.這是一場(chǎng)不錯(cuò)的音樂(lè)會(huì)。我尤其喜歡最后那首歌。[思維拓展]particularadj.特別的，特殊的；講究的，挑剔的beparticularabout/over對(duì)……挑剔/講究Sheisveryparticularaboutherclothes.她對(duì)衣著特別挑剔。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Thewholemealwasgoodbutthewineinparticularwasexcellent.考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)二1．Inrecentyears,Chineseleadershaveputforwardthetheoryofpeacefuldevelopment.2．Thenameofthebookwasrightonthetipofmytongue,butIjustcouldn'trememberit.3．WhenXiaoWuwaspraised,hewasembarrassed,muchtooursurprise.4．—Don'tforgettoturnofftheTV.—OK.Igotit!5．YouarepletelymistakenaboutJane.6．Willyoupleasesumupthemainideasofthisarticle?7．Iamoftenmistakenformysister.8．Inaddition,apartfromsendinglanguageteachers,theConfuciusInstituteshouldalsolookforcreativeintellectualsinotherfieldswithasenseofmissionaboutChineseculture.9．Theyhadetopowertenyearsearlier.eq\o(\s\up1(1),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(WhydoseDrWangsay“moneyisn'teverything”？,為什么王博士說(shuō)“金錢(qián)不是萬(wàn)能的”？)[句式分析]noteverything是一個(gè)部分否定句。表示“全體”意義的代詞、形容詞或副詞，如all,both,every,everything,everyone,everywhere,always等與否定詞not連用構(gòu)成部分否定。Allanswersarenotcorrect.(＝Notalltheanswersarecorrect.)不是所有的答案都正確。Bothofthemdon'tsmoke.(＝Notbothofthemsmoke.)不是他們倆都抽煙。Everymanisnothonest.(＝Noteverymanishonest.)并不是每個(gè)人都誠(chéng)實(shí)。[思維拓展]表示完全否定意義的詞與肯定形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，表示完全否定。該類(lèi)詞有none,neither,nothing,nobody,no等。Neitherofthemlikessports.他們倆都不喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。Noneofthesethingsaremine.這些東西都不是我的。Nothingisready.一切都沒(méi)準(zhǔn)備好。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]①Allthatglitters(閃光)isnotgold.發(fā)光的未必都是金子。②Notallgraduatescanfindaproperjobaftergraduation.并非所有的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生都能在畢業(yè)后找到一份合適的工作。③并非每個(gè)人都喜歡騎自行車(chē)上班。Not_everyone_is_fond_of_cycling_to_work./Everyone_isn't_fond_of_cycling_to_work.④Noteverythinggoeswell.(改為全部否定)Nothing_goes_well.eq\o(\s\up1(2),\s\do5())Hemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld，themostwell-knownbeingthegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE＝mc2.他對(duì)世界做出了很多貢獻(xiàn)，最出名的貢獻(xiàn)是相對(duì)論理論和著名的公式E＝mc2。eq\a\vs4\al()[句式分析]themostwell-knownbeing屬于“名詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，常用來(lái)表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、方式、伴隨等。[思維拓展]獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)形式歸納：①名詞/代詞＋現(xiàn)在分詞(表示主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行)②名詞/代詞＋過(guò)去分詞(表示被動(dòng)或已完成)③名詞/代詞＋不定式(表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作)④名詞/代詞＋形容詞/副詞/介詞短語(yǔ)(常用來(lái)說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的性質(zhì)、特征或所處的狀態(tài))Wintering,itgetscolderandcolder.冬天來(lái)了，天氣越來(lái)越冷了。Moretimegiven,weshouldhavedoneitmuchbetter.若給更多時(shí)間，我們會(huì)做得更好。Thehuntsmanenteredtheforest,guninhand.那位獵人手拿著槍進(jìn)了樹(shù)林。(不可以說(shuō)aguninhand或guninhishand)[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Itissowettherethatthetreesareextremelytall,somemeasuring(measure)over90metres.eq\o(\s\up1(3),\s\do5())Whileworkingthere，outofastrongpassionforknowledge，hecontinuedtostudy，earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.在那里工作時(shí)，出于對(duì)知識(shí)的強(qiáng)烈熱情，他繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，1905年獲得物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位。eq\a\vs4\al()[句式分析]句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句Whileworkingthere用了省略形式，補(bǔ)充完整為Whilehewasworkingthere。狀語(yǔ)從句的省略有兩種情況：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(①若從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)相同，且從句謂語(yǔ)中含,有be，可省略從句中的主語(yǔ)和be；,②若從句的主語(yǔ)是it，且從句謂語(yǔ)中含有be，it和be,可一同省略。))Hefellasleepwhile(hewas)doinghishomework.他在做功課時(shí)睡著了。Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou'llregret.年輕時(shí)你要努力工作，否則你會(huì)后悔的。Fillinaproperprepositionwhere(itis)necessary.在需要的地方填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。Heopenedthedesk,asif(hewas)insearchofsomethingimportant.他打開(kāi)抽屜，仿佛要找什么重要的東西。[巧學(xué)妙記](méi)狀語(yǔ)從句省略口訣：時(shí)、條、讓、方、地，主語(yǔ)同，謂語(yǔ)be，二者省去不可惜；從句主語(yǔ)是it，省去it's也可以。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]①I(mǎi)fasked(ask)tolookafterluggageforsomeoneelse,informthepoliceatonce.②Therearesomehealthproblemsthat,whennottreated(treat)intimecanbeebiggeroneslateron.③Whilewalking(walk)thedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.eq\o(\s\up1(4),\s\do5())Einstein，whowasJewish，foundthedoorsofacademicinstitutionsclosedtohim.愛(ài)因斯坦是猶太人，他發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)的大門(mén)對(duì)他關(guān)閉了。eq\a\vs4\al()[句式分析]本句是復(fù)合句。whowasJewish是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。主句中found接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)是doors，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是closed。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故此處使用過(guò)去分詞。[思維拓展]“find＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)的具體形式：eq\a\vs4\al(find＋賓語(yǔ),名詞或代,詞＋賓補(bǔ))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)和動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)和動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,名詞,介詞短語(yǔ),形容詞,副詞))Wefoundourmotherwaitingforustohavedinner.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)媽媽正在等我們吃晚飯。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]①I(mǎi)foundmyselfsurrounded(surround)byagroupofchildren.②Shewokeupandfoundherselflying(lie)inhospital.eq\o(\s\up1(5),\s\do5())On18April1955，itwasreportedthatEinsteinhadpassedaway，andthewholeworldmournedthegreatlossofabrilliantscientist.1955年4月18日，據(jù)報(bào)道愛(ài)因斯坦去世了，全世界都為一位杰出的科學(xué)家的逝世而哀悼。[句式分析]“Itis/wassaid/reported/believed/known/thought...＋that-clause”句型意為“據(jù)說(shuō)/據(jù)報(bào)道/大家認(rèn)為/眾所周知/人們認(rèn)為……”，此句型中it是形式主語(yǔ)，后面的that從句是真正的主語(yǔ)。以上這種句型可以轉(zhuǎn)換成下面的兩種句型：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(Peoplesay/report/believe/know/think...＋that-clause,sb.besaid/reported/believed/known/thought...,todo/havedonesth.))據(jù)說(shuō)她能妙手回春。→ItissaidthatsheisaseffectiveasGod，bringingthedyingbacktolife.→PeoplesaythatsheisaseffectiveasGod，bringingthedyingbacktolife.→SheissaidtobeaseffectiveasGod，bringingthedyingbacktolife.[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]①Tomissaidto_have_bought(buy)anewflatinthetownalready.②Itissaidthathehaswonthematch.考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)三1．Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfoundsmokin