高考英語長難句解析

Themostdistantwayintheworldisnotthewayfrombirthtotheend.ItiswhenIsitnearyouthatyoudon'tunderstandIloveyou.

——byTagore，IndianPoet

ChinesePremierLiKeqianggreetsjournalistsuponarrivingathispressconferenceaftertheclosingmeetingofthesecondannualsessionofChina's12thNationalPeople'sCongress(NPC)attheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing,capitalofChina.

KUALALUMPUR-InvestigatorsbelievesomeoneaboardamissingMalaysianairplanedeliberatelyshutoffitscommunicationsandtrackingsystems,turnedtheplanearoundandflewfornearlysevenhoursafteritvanished,PrimeMinisterNajibRazaksaidonSaturday.Where?LearntoAnalyze長難句的幾個特點(diǎn)：句子信息量大，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，附加成分多〔幾種從句同時出現(xiàn)〕；2.分隔現(xiàn)象普遍〔主謂分隔、同位語分隔、定語分隔等〕；3.插入語、省略現(xiàn)象

Ⅰ.帶有較多成分的簡單句Havingchosenfamilytelevisionprogramsandwomen’smagazines，thetoothpastemarketer，forinstance，mustselecttheexacttelevisionprogramsandstationsaswellasthespecificwomen’smagazinestobeused.

TypesandStrategies

動詞-ing形式短語用作時間狀語，不定式tobeused修飾的不僅是women’smagazine，而且還修飾televisionprogramsandstations.exact同時修飾television

programs和stations兩個詞，插入語forinstance把主語和謂語分隔開了。Strategies:找謂語，把握核心；提主干，去除枝葉即根據(jù)五種根本句型結(jié)構(gòu)，找出句子的核心成分—謂語動詞，把句子中的主語、賓語、表語等主要成分找出來，忽略其他一目了然易于理解的成分如定語、狀語等修飾成分和插入語等。Practice1.

SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,tohelpreduceunemploymentpressures。(2009江蘇)

TypesandStrategies

Ⅱ.含有多個從句的復(fù)合句However，thoseofuswhoareparentsofchildreninthisagegroupknowthatsuchoffersarerelativelyrareandthatmanyliberal-artsstudents(文科生)graduatewiththebeliefthattheprospective(預(yù)期的)workplacemaynothaveaplaceforthem.本句的主謂語是：thoseofusknow。know有兩個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其中第二個省略了know。在主句中還有一個定語從句修飾thoseofus，在第二個賓語從句中還有一個同位語從句修飾beliefStrategies:找主干，理清思路；尋關(guān)聯(lián)，識別邏輯即先尋找主句--整個句子的骨架，特別是主句的謂語動詞，再尋找附屬連詞，識別和確定從句與主句的邏輯關(guān)系〔從句是主句的何種成分〕。Practice2

Todayitisnotunusualforastudent，evenifheworksparttimeatcollegeandfulltimeduringthesummer，tohave$5,000inloans(貸款)afterfouryears—loansthathemuststarttorepaywithinoneyearaftergraduation.TypesandStrategies

Ⅲ.并列和主從復(fù)合句并存的復(fù)雜句型

IfyouaskpeopletonameonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare”,“SamuelJohnson”,and“Webster”,butnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamandidn’tevenspeakEnglish—William,theConqueror.Strategies:分層次，先并列，后主從即先找出其中的并列連詞，然后再根據(jù)并列連詞的意思理清分句之間的關(guān)系〔順連關(guān)系、反連關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等〕，再通過附屬連詞區(qū)分主從復(fù)合句的邏輯關(guān)系。Practice3

HefoundoutthatKitWilliamshadspenthischildhoodnearAmpthill，inBedfordshire，andthoughtthathemusthavetriedthehareinaplaceheknewwell，buthestillcouldnotseetheconnectionwithKatherineofAragon,untilonedayhecameacrosstwostonecrossesinAmpthillParkandlearntthattheyhadbeenbuiltinherhonorin1773．TypesandStrategies

Ⅳ.各種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的創(chuàng)新句型

主要形式有省略、插入語、前置、倒裝、強(qiáng)調(diào)等結(jié)構(gòu)以及被動結(jié)構(gòu)和分隔式定語從句，同位語從句和雙重否認(rèn)等非常規(guī)結(jié)構(gòu)Strategies:簡化結(jié)構(gòu)，直奔主題；調(diào)整語序，補(bǔ)充成分，復(fù)原本來面目Practice4Themagazineismale-targetingbecauseyoungguysgenerallywon’tpickupamagazinethatappearstobedirectedatfemales,whereasgirlsusuallywill.Thelackofrightmale(男性的)rolemodelsinmanyoftheirlives—athomeandparticularlyintheschoolenvironment(環(huán)境)—meansthattheirpeersaretheonlypeopletheyhavetojudgethemselvesagainst.(2008遼寧卷C篇)

pickupamagazinethatappearstobedirectedatfemales

Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.

Andyourpersonalcar,ifyouhaveone,becomesjustonemoretoolinthetoolbox----andoftenaninadequateone,limitingbothyourmobilityandyourwallet.(2012湖北卷B篇)

PeopleslivedinthelandNMET,goforit!Challengeit!

(2014宜昌三月)27.AscelebratingtheSpringFestivalmeansfamilyreunion,notbeingabletoreturnhometoaccompanytheirparentswas_____regretformigrantlaborers(打工者).A.ultimateB.fundamentalC.adequateD.superior〔2011，湖北〕28.Clinicalevidencebeganto_____,suggestingthatthenewdrugshadawiderrangeofusefulactivitiesthanhadbeenpredictedfromexperimentsinanimals． A．operate B．strengthen C．a(chǎn)pprove D．a(chǎn)ccumulate〔穩(wěn)派創(chuàng)新15，完型〕……Hehasgivenawaycloseto￡100,000topeoplehehasmetaroundtheworld.Hehandsthosethathechooseacard36hisprojectandallowsthem48hoursto37……36.A.askingB.answeringC.expressingD.explaining37.A.getintouchB.getinexchangeC.getalongD.getaround…….Eachwritinginherownunmistakablevoice,PerriandSheilataketurnsexploringthejoysandpains,theloveandbitterness,theminortroublesandlastingrespectthathavealwaysbondedthemtogether.SheiladescribestheadventureofgivingbirthtoPerriinatinytowninTrinidadwhereherhusbandwasdoingresearchfieldwork.Perriadmitsthatshecan’tsortoutallthemessinthehouseholds,eventhoughsheknowsitdriveshermothercrazy.Togethertheycomparethoughtsonbringingupchildrenandworking,admitlong-hiddensorrows,andenjoypreciousmemories.〔2013湖北，閱讀B〕57.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thecontentofthebook.B.Thepurposeofthebook.C.Theinfluenceofthebook.D.Thewritingstyleofthebook.從…exploringthejoysandpains…和…describestheadventureofgiving…以及…comparethoughtsonbringingupchildrenandworking,…幾個長句的理解是

PerriandSheila

所寫書的內(nèi)容。Lookingdeepintothelivestheyhavelivedseparatelyandtogether,PerriandSheilatelltheirmother-daughterstorywithhonesty,humor,enthusiasm,andadmirationforeachother.Awrittenaccountintwovoices,EveryMotherIsaDaughterisaduet(二重奏)thatproducesadeep,strongsoundwiththeexperiencesthatallmothersanddaughterswillrecognize.〔2012湖北，閱讀B〕58.Howarewomen’slivesexploredinthisbook?A.Inamusicalform.B.Throughfieldresearch.C.Withuniquewritingskills.D.Fromdifferentpointsofview.58.D【命題立意】綜合理解題。【解析】文章中intwovoices在EveryMotherIsaDaughter一書中寫到母女的生活經(jīng)歷，思想感情，對社會的理解可以知道，作者是從不同的角度去描述婦女的生活。(2014宜昌三月)Thenaughtychildadmittedregretfullythatverylittleuse____________________theprecioustimeinthepast.(make)那個淘氣胡孩子懊悔的成認(rèn)過去很少利用珍貴的時間。(穩(wěn)派創(chuàng)新20)wefinallygotto___________________________________,whichthevillagersusedasaschool.(what)我們最終到達(dá)這個曾經(jīng)是一個古老寺廟的地方，現(xiàn)在村民當(dāng)做學(xué)校來用。wasmadeofwhatwasonceanoldtemple世界環(huán)境日為了提醒世人，人類活動對環(huán)境的危害，它呼吁政府組織各種活動來保護(hù)改善我們的生存空間。InEnglishwriting,weshouldturnsimplesentencesintocomplexsentencesInordertoremindtheworldoftheharm.Humanactivitiesdoharmtotheenvironment.WorldEnvironmentDaycallsonthegovernmenttoprotectandimproveourlivingspace.WorldEnvironmentDayisintendedtoremindtheworldtobeawareoftheharmthathumanactivitiesdototheenvironmentandcallsonthegovernmentstolaunchvarietiescampaignstoattachimportancetoprotectingandimprovinghumanenvironment.

1.Theirstudyfoundthattheobromine，foundincocoa，wasnearlyathirdmoreeffectiveinstoppingcoughsthancodeine，whichwasconsideredthebestcoughmedicineatpresent.

TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhopublishedtheirresultsonlinesaidthediscoverycouldleadtomoreeffectivecoughtreatment，“whilecoughingisnotnecessarilyharmful(有害的)itcanhaveamajoreffectonthequalityoflifeand”thisdiscoverycouldbeahugestepforwardintreatingthisproblem，”saidProfessorPeterBarnes.(NMET2008全國IID篇)53.AccordingtoProfessorBarnes，theobromine______.

A.cannotbeaseffectiveascodeine

B.canbeharmfultopeople’shealth

C.cannotbeseparatedfromchocolate

D.canbeamoreeffectivecureforcoughs

D

2.MuchoftheenergythatcomesfromtheSunneverreachestheEarth’ssurface.Itiseitherreflectedorabsorbedbythegasesintheupperatmosphere.Oftheenergythatreachestheloweratmosphere，30%isreflectedbycloudsortheEarth’ssurface.Theremaining70%warmsthesurfaceoftheplanet.(NMET2008江蘇卷B篇)

60.OnlyasmallpartoftheSun’senergyreachestheEarth’ssurfacebecausemostofitis______.

A.absorbedbythecloudsintheloweratmosphere

B.reflectedbythegasesintheupperatmosphere

C.lostintheupperandloweratmosphere

D.usedtoevaporatewaterfromtheoceansandlakes

C

3.TheresponsetoherrequestforhelpwassohugethatPoeestablishedKidsForACleanerEnvironment(KidsF.A.C.E.)in1989.Therearenow300，000membersofKidsFACEworldwideandistheworld’slargestyouthenvironmentalorganization.(NMET2008山東卷D篇)

72.KidsF.A.C.Eis______.

A.aprogramtohelpstudentswithwriting

B.aprojectoflitterrecycling

C.acampaignlaunchedbyPresidentBush

D.aclubofenvironmentalprotection

D

4.Theendlesschoicegivesbirthtoanxietyinpeople’slives.Buyingsomethingasbasicasacoffeepotisnotexactlysimple.Easyaccesstoawiderangeofeverydaygoodsleadstoasenseofpowerlessnessinmanypeople，endingintheshoppe