高中英語(yǔ)常見詞綴詞性轉(zhuǎn)換合成詞

后綴

變名詞(1)-ence，-ance結(jié)尾名詞：存在exist-existence發(fā)生occur-occurrence查閱/參考refer-reference更喜歡/偏好prefer-preference不同differ-difference接受accept-acceptance出現(xiàn)/外表appear-appearance履行perform-performance抵制resist-resistance指導(dǎo)guide-guidance進(jìn)入enter-entrance保險(xiǎn)insure-insurance幫助assist-assistance忍受endure-endurance/tolerate-tolerance(2)-tion，-sion結(jié)尾的名詞：生產(chǎn)produce-production介紹introduce-introduction消費(fèi)consume-consumption減少reduce-reduction認(rèn)為/假設(shè)assume-assumption/suppose-supposition毀滅destroy-destruction描寫describe-description打斷interrupt-interruption采納/收養(yǎng)adopt-adoption防止prevent-prevention接收/接待處receive-reception解決solve-solution進(jìn)化evolve-evolution建議suggest-suggestion編輯/版本edit-edition展覽exhibit-exhibition打算/意圖intend-intention認(rèn)出recognize-recognition解釋/定義define-definition保護(hù)protect-protection方向/指導(dǎo)direct-direction指令instruct-instruction建設(shè)construct-construction注射inject-injection感染infect-infection駁斥reject-rejection反對(duì)object-objection/oppose-opposition連接connect-connection收集collect-collection糾正correct-correction視察inspect-inspection挨餓starve-starvation組織organize-organization文明civilize-civilization認(rèn)知realize-realization考試examine-examination決定determine-determination形成form-formation通知inform-information想象imagine-imagination運(yùn)輸transport-transportation邀請(qǐng)invite-invitation期待expect-expectation誘惑tempt-temptation改編/適應(yīng)adapt-adaptation移民immigrate-immigration模仿imitate-imitation準(zhǔn)備prepare-preparation探索explore-exploration考慮consider-consideration宣布declare-declaration裝飾decorate-decoration激發(fā)/靈感inspire-inspiration放松/休閑relax-relaxation交流communicate-communication占用/職業(yè)occupy-occupation滿足satisfy-satisfaction申請(qǐng)、應(yīng)用apply-application暗示imply-implication推薦recommend-recommendation口譯、理解interpret-interpretation結(jié)合combine-combination操作、手術(shù)operate-operation猶豫hesitate-hesitation教育educate-education定位locate-location指出indicate-indication參加participate-participation計(jì)算calculate-calculation欣賞、感激appreciate-appreciation聯(lián)想、協(xié)會(huì)associate-association分離separate-separation冬眠h(yuǎn)ibernate-hibernation賠償compensate-compensation調(diào)查investigate-investigation慶祝celebrate-celebration祝賀congratulate-congratulation翻譯translate-translation積累accumulate-accumulation加速accelerate-acceleration捐贈(zèng)donate-donation解放liberate-liberation動(dòng)力motivate-motivation革新innovate-innovation集中concentrate-concentration游行、示威demonstrate-demonstration貢獻(xiàn)contribute-contribution分發(fā)distribute-distribution促進(jìn)promote-promotion致力devote-devotion/dedicate-dedication沮喪frustrate-frustration/depress-depression印象impress-impression表達(dá)express-expression擁有、財(cái)產(chǎn)possess-possession討論discuss-discussion擴(kuò)大expand-expansion延伸extend-extension承認(rèn)admit-admission允許permit-permission排放emit-emission爆炸explode-explosion結(jié)論conclude-conclusion決定decide-decision劃分divide-division迷惑confuse-confusion(3)–ment結(jié)尾的名詞：廣告advertise-advertisement同意agree-agreement驚奇amaze-amazement吃驚astonish-astonishment通告announce-announcement安排arrange-arrangement評(píng)估assess-assessment發(fā)展develop-development失望disappoint-disappointment雇傭、就業(yè)employ-employment鼓舞encourage-encouragement款待、娛樂entertain-entertainment裝備equip-equipment統(tǒng)治、政府govern-government改進(jìn)improve-improvement投資invest-investment卷入involve-involvement管理manage-management懲罰punish-punishment要求require-requirement退休retire-retirement定居settle-settlement陳述state-statement對(duì)待、招待、治療treat-treatment以…….為基礎(chǔ)base-basement人行道pave-pavement完成achieve-achievementaccomplish-accomplishment(4)–ness結(jié)尾的名詞：adj.-n.意識(shí)aware-awareness/conscious-consciousness苦bitter-bitterness盲目blind-blindness冷靜calm-calmness聰明clever-cleverness瘋狂crazy-craziness渴望eager-eagerness公平fair-fairness愚蠢foolish-foolishness適合fit-fitness幸福、愉快happy-happiness疾病ill-illness友好kind-kindness懶惰lazy-laziness孤獨(dú)lonely-loneliness寧?kù)oquiet-quietness悲傷sad-sadness嚴(yán)重性serious-seriousness甜美sweet-sweetness穩(wěn)定steady-steadiness厚度thick-thickness累tired-tiredness弱點(diǎn)weak-weakness冷cold-coldness緊張nervous-nervousness思鄉(xiāng)homesick-homesickness粗心careless-carelessness自私selfish-selfishness無(wú)私selfless-selflessness/unselfish-unselfishness無(wú)助helpless-helplessness無(wú)望hopeless-hopelessness(5)–age結(jié)尾的名詞：婚姻marry-marriage短缺short-shortage儲(chǔ)存store-storage包裹pack-package車廂carry-carriage通道pass-passage(6)–th結(jié)尾的名詞：溫暖warm-warmth真理true-truth死亡dead-death成長(zhǎng)grow-growth(7)–ure結(jié)尾的名詞：快樂please-pleasure離開depart-departure暴露expose-exposure壓力press-pressure失敗fail-failure混合mix-mixture簽名sign-signature(8)–ce結(jié)尾的名詞：adj.-n.缺席absent-absence出席present-presence信心confident-confidence方便convenient-convenience不同different-difference勤奮diligent-diligence遠(yuǎn)的、距離distant-distance明顯的、證據(jù)evident-evidence優(yōu)秀excellent-excellence重要important-importance獨(dú)立independent-independence天真innocent-innocence智力intelligent-intelligence公正just-justice耐心patient-patience浪漫romantic-romance沉默silent-silence暴力violent-violencev.-n.冒犯offend-offence防御defend-defense/defence建議advise-advice設(shè)施devise-device(9)–dom結(jié)尾的名詞：自由free-freedom王國(guó)king-kingdom智慧wise-wisdom(10)–hood結(jié)尾的名詞孩童時(shí)代childhood男孩時(shí)代boyhood鄰里neighborhood(11)–ship結(jié)尾的名詞：所有權(quán)ownership錦標(biāo)賽championship友誼friendship手藝craftsmanship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金scholarship領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力leadership艱難hardship關(guān)系relationship(12)–ing結(jié)尾的名詞：農(nóng)業(yè)farming變暖warming園藝gardening學(xué)業(yè)schooling繪畫painting意思meaning繪畫drawing訓(xùn)練training錄音tape-recording衣物clothing感覺feeling十字路口crossing工資earnings問候greeting儲(chǔ)蓄savings發(fā)生的事happenings發(fā)現(xiàn)findings財(cái)產(chǎn)belongings痛苦sufferings貢品offerings環(huán)境surroundings保齡球bowling舉重weight-lifting射擊shooting摔跤wrestling

變形容詞

(1)–y結(jié)尾的形容詞：n.-adj.陽(yáng)光燦爛的sun-sunny多雨的rain-rainy被雪覆蓋的snow-snowy有風(fēng)的wind-windy有暴風(fēng)雪的storm-stormy寒冷的chill-chilly多霧的fog-foggy有霜的frost-frosty冰冷的ice-icy陰沉的gloom-gloomy布滿星辰的star-starry泥濘的mud-muddy布滿灰塵的dust-dusty臟的dirt-dirty健康的health-healthy富有的wealth-wealthy霸道的boss-bossy臭的smell-smelly美味的taste-tasty咸的salt-salty皮包骨的skin-skinny貪婪的greed-greedy迅速的speed-speedy棘手的、狡猾的trick-trickyv.-adj.愛挑剔的choose-choosy/pick-picky黏的stick-sticky悅耳易記的catch-catchy害怕的scare-scary滑溜的slip-slippery(2)-al，-ial結(jié)尾的形容詞全球的globe-global文化的culture-cultural農(nóng)業(yè)的agriculture-agricultural情景的situation-situational有條件的condition-conditional環(huán)境的environment-environmental化學(xué)的chemistry-chemical醫(yī)學(xué)的medicine-medical原始的origin-original政治的politics-political實(shí)際的practice-practical理論的theory-theoretical音樂的music-musical感情的emotion-emotional國(guó)家的nation-national自然的nature-natural個(gè)人的person-personal偶爾的occasion-occasional精神上的mind-mental身體上的physics-physical偶然的accident-accidental教育的education-educational技術(shù)上的technique-technical心理上的psychology-psychological沿海的coast-coastal種族的race-racial面部的face-facial工業(yè)的industry-industrial金融的finance-financial商業(yè)的commerce-commercial官方的office-official有益的benefit-beneficial典型的type-typical有影響的influence-influential(3)-ful，-less結(jié)尾的形容詞感激的thank-thankful=grateful充足的plenty-plentiful美麗的beauty-beautiful成功的success-successful可怕的awe-awful忠實(shí)的faith-faithful和平的peace-peaceful高興的joy-joyful/cheer-cheerful=enjoyable非常干凈的spot-spotless無(wú)休止的end-endless無(wú)家可歸的home-homeless無(wú)工作的job-jobless=unemployed身無(wú)分文的penny-penniless無(wú)私的self-selfless=unselfish無(wú)目標(biāo)的aim-aimless無(wú)線的wire-wireless無(wú)限的limit-limitless珍貴的/無(wú)價(jià)的price-priceless=invaluable毫無(wú)價(jià)值的value-valueless/worth-worthless無(wú)語(yǔ)的speech-speechless上氣不接下氣的breath-breathless小心的，粗心的care-careful，careless多彩的，無(wú)色的color-colorful，colorless有用的，無(wú)用的use-useful，useless成果豐碩的，無(wú)成效的fruit-fruitful，fruitless強(qiáng)大的，無(wú)能力的power-powerful，powerless有意義的，無(wú)意義的

meaning-meaningfulmeaningless=pointless=senseless痛苦的，不痛的pain-painful，painless后悔的，無(wú)悔的

regret-regretful，regretless有害的，無(wú)害的harm-harmful，harmless閑適寧?kù)o的，躁動(dòng)不安的

rest-restful，restless優(yōu)雅的，粗魯?shù)膅race-graceful，graceless抱有希望的，無(wú)望的

hope-hopeful，hopeless有幫助的/愿意幫忙的，無(wú)助的

help-helpful，helpless考慮周到的/不周到的

thought-thoughtful，thoughtless(4)-(i)ous結(jié)尾的形容詞n.-adj.許多的number-numerous多山的mountain-mountainous冒險(xiǎn)的adventure-adventurous緊張的nerve-nervous有毒的poison-poisonous危險(xiǎn)的danger-dangerous災(zāi)難的disaster-disastrous小心的caution-cautious營(yíng)養(yǎng)的nutrition-nutritious宗教的religion-religious寬敞的space-spacious有抱負(fù)的ambition-ambitious神秘的mystery-mysterious(5)-able，-(s)ible結(jié)尾的形容詞(不)可預(yù)見的predict-(un)predictable(不)可避免的avoid-(un)avoidable(不)可忘的forget-(un)forgettable(不)想要的desire-(un)desirable(不)舒服的comfort-(un)comfortable有(不)利的favor-(un)favorable(不)合適的suit-(un)suitable(不)可忍受的bear-(un)bearable(不)可忍受的endure-(un)endurable(不)可信的believe-(un)believable(不)可信的credit-(in)credible(不)可接近的access-(in)accessible看(不)見的view-(in)visible(不)可治愈的cure-(in)curable支付得起的afford-affordable適應(yīng)力強(qiáng)的adapt-adaptable可更新的renew-renewable便攜的port-portable多變的change-changeable可吃的eat-eatable可依靠的rely-reliable可行的work-workable有價(jià)值的value-valuable合理的reason-reasonable高興的enjoy-enjoyable流行的fashion-fashionable(6)-tive結(jié)尾的形容詞：v.-adj多產(chǎn)的produce-productive迷人的attract-attractive有創(chuàng)造力的create-creative保護(hù)的protect-protective預(yù)防性的prevent-preventive健談的talk—talkative可共替代的alter-alternative相關(guān)的relate-relative有教育意義的instruct-instructive有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的compete-competitiven.-adj有效的effect-effective貴的expense-expensive(7)-tic，-fic結(jié)尾的形容詞系統(tǒng)的system-systematic科學(xué)的science-scientific戲劇般的drama-dramatic浪漫的romance-romantic有同情心的sympathy-sympathetic精力充沛的energy-energetic(8)-en結(jié)尾的形容詞：羊毛的wool-woolen金色的gold-golden木制的wood-wooden(9)以-some結(jié)尾的形容詞英俊的hand—handsome令人驚嘆的awe-awesome令人煩惱的trouble-troublesome煩人的tire-tiresome(10)-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞：致命的dead-deadly活躍的live-lively友好的friend-friendly兄弟般的brother-brotherly有次序的order-orderly昂貴的cost-costly每月的month-monthly每天的day-daily變動(dòng)詞(1)-fy結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞：凈化pure-purify簡(jiǎn)化simple-simplify美化beautiful-beautify使合理化just-justify使恐懼terrible-terrify使震驚horrible-horrify合格化quality-qualify分類class—classify認(rèn)出identity-identifyadj.-v.認(rèn)識(shí)到real-realize使現(xiàn)代化modern-modernize使工業(yè)化industrial-industrialize使普及popular-popularize集權(quán)central-centralize使全球化global-globalize使理想化ideal-idealize使穩(wěn)定stable-stabilize使正?；痭ormal-normalize社會(huì)化social-socialize使專門化special-specializen.-v.使物質(zhì)化material-materialize總結(jié)summary-summarize記憶memory-memorize(2)-en結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞：變暗dark-darken加快quick-quicken削尖sharp-sharpen削弱weak-weaken松開loose-loosen變緊tight-tighten軟化soft-soften使更明亮bright-brighten惡化bad-worsen減少little-lessen減輕/變亮light-lighten變黑black-blacken加寬broad-broaden縮短short-shortenAdj.-n….-v.加深deep-depth-deepen加長(zhǎng)long-length-lengthen加寬wide-width-widen加高h(yuǎn)igh-height-heighten加強(qiáng)strong-strength-strengthen(3)—e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞(注意發(fā)音變化)：n.-v.洗澡bath-bathe呼吸breath-breathe給……穿衣cloth-clothe前綴

超過over-無(wú)意中聽到overhear超過overtake睡過頭oversleep推翻overthrow/overturn人口過剩overpopulation克服overcome忽略/俯視overlook重新re-康復(fù)/找回recover脫(衣服等)/移開remove續(xù)借/更換/續(xù)簽renew回收利用recycle替代replace使恢復(fù)精力refresh改革reform復(fù)習(xí)review前的pre-前提precondition預(yù)告predict戰(zhàn)前的prewar幼兒園preschool預(yù)演preview前的ex-前妻ex-wife前總統(tǒng)ex-president后的post-戰(zhàn)后的post-war研究生postgraduate多的multi-多媒體multimedia多元文化的multicultural多項(xiàng)選擇的multiple-choice遠(yuǎn)的tele-電話telephone電視television電報(bào)telegram電信telecommunications望遠(yuǎn)鏡telescope相互的inter-面試interview國(guó)際的international互聯(lián)網(wǎng)internet相互作用interact微小的micro-麥克風(fēng)microphone微波microwave微軟microsoft顯微鏡microscope自動(dòng)的auto-汽車automobile自傳autobiography親筆簽名autograph自動(dòng)地automatically副的vice-副總統(tǒng)vice-president副總理vice-premier生態(tài)的eco-生態(tài)學(xué)ecology生態(tài)系統(tǒng)ecosystem生態(tài)友好的eco-friendly潛/次一級(jí)sub-潛意識(shí)subconscious亞熱帶的subtropical地鐵subway潛水艇submarine郊區(qū)的suburban副標(biāo)題subtitle半semi-辦熟練semi-skilled半決賽semi-final三tri-三輪車tricycle三角形triangle橫跨trans-轉(zhuǎn)移transfer轉(zhuǎn)變transform傳播transmit移植transplant

否定的前綴或后綴

in-，im-/il-，ir-不活躍的inactive不貴的inexpensive缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的inexperienced隨便的informal不完整的incomplete不方便的inconvenient獨(dú)立的independent間接的indirect不重要的insignificant無(wú)能力的incapable/incompetent不合適的improper/inappropriate不精確的inaccurate/incorrect/inexact不充足的inadequate/insufficient不成熟的immature不耐煩的impatient不完美的imperfect不可能的impossible不禮貌的impolite不合邏輯的illogical不合法的illegal不規(guī)則的irregular不負(fù)責(zé)的irresponsibleun-不尋常的unusual不安的uneasy不公平的unfair/unjust不知道的unaware/unconscious不確定的Uncertain不受歡迎的unpopular不普通的uncommon不愉快的unpleasant不重要的unimportant不必要的unnecessary不成功的unsuccessful沒被注意unnoticed不整潔的untidy不合理的unreasonable未完成的unfinished/undone脫衣undress打開unfold卸車unload開……的鎖unlock解凍unfreeze出土/挖掘unearth擰開uncover解開undo/unpack揭露uncoverdis-消失disappear不鼓勵(lì)discourage揭露disclose發(fā)現(xiàn)discover不同意disagree不同意disapprove不服從disobey不誠(chéng)實(shí)的dishonest不滿意的dissatisfied可恥的disgraceful弱點(diǎn)disadvantage絮亂disordermis-誤導(dǎo)(v.)mislead誤導(dǎo)的(adj.)misleading誤解(v.)misunderstand濫用misuse誤解(n.)misunderstanding拼錯(cuò)misspell不信任mistrustanti-防空的anti-aircraft防凍劑antifreeze抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)Anti-JapaneseWar反社會(huì)的antisocialde-降級(jí)degrade減少decrease貶值devalue解凍defrost毀林deforestationill-虐待ill-treat信息不足的ill-informed不禮貌的ill-mannered不合時(shí)宜的ill-timed不合適的ill-fitting沒教養(yǎng)的ill-bred考慮欠周的ill-considered不健康的illhealthnon-非營(yíng)利的non-profit直達(dá)的non-stop不吸煙者non-smoker防滑的non-slip廢話nonsense非暴力non-violence不可再生資源non-renewableresources-free無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的carefree無(wú)利息的interest-free免稅的duty-free-proof防水的waterproof防震的shockproof合成

合成形容詞(1)adj.+presentparticiple漂亮的good-looking聞著芳香的sweet-smelling隨和的easy-going長(zhǎng)相一般的ordinary-looking(2)adv.+presentparticiple永久的ever-lasting職位高的high-ranking暢銷貨best-sellinggoods=bestseller(3)adv.+pastparticiple著名的well-known新婚的

newly-married本地制造的locally-produced堅(jiān)信的firmly-believed密切相關(guān)的closely-related廣泛接受的

widely-accepted穿著隨意的informally-dressed容易形成的easily-formed牢固的

strongly-built高度發(fā)達(dá)的highly-developed人口稠密的

densely-populated正式發(fā)行的officially-released正式承認(rèn)的officially-recognized(4)n.+presentparticiple省時(shí)的time-saving耗能的energy-consuming愛好和平的peace-loving制片的film-making傷心的heart-breaking令人驚嘆的breathtaking說英語(yǔ)的English-speaking解決問題的problem-solving令人垂涎的

mouth-watering贏利的profit-making(5)n.+pastparticiple國(guó)營(yíng)的state-owned由衷的

heartfelt人造的

man-made覆蓋雪的snow-covered粗糙的

weather-beaten國(guó)產(chǎn)的home-made一貧如洗的

poverty-stricken好奇心驅(qū)使的curiosity-driven個(gè)體經(jīng)營(yíng)的self-employed政府支持的

government-backed(6)n.+adj.環(huán)保的environment-friendly=environmentallyfriendly節(jié)能的energy-efficient有成本效益的cost-effective(7)adj.+n.+-ed心不在焉的absent-minded心地善良的kind-hearted目光短淺的short-sighted近視的near-sighted左撇子的left-handed頭發(fā)花白的white-haired長(zhǎng)尾巴的long-tailed和藹可親的good-natured脾氣壞的bad-tempered思想開明的open-minded狹隘的narrow-minded頭腦簡(jiǎn)單的simple-minded有空調(diào)的air-conditioned(8)n.+-ed詳細(xì)的detail—detailed有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的experience—experienced有天賦的gift—gifted/talent—talented有技能的skill—skilled合成名詞缺點(diǎn)drawback框架framewor